Respiratory Research最新文献

{"title":"Spatial transcriptomic and morpho-functional information derived from single mouse FFPE slides allows in-depth fingerprinting of lung fibrosis.","authors":"Erica Ferrini, Costanza Bonfini, Giovanna Marchese, Martina Buccardi, Matteo Zoboli, Primetta Faccioli, Nicola Sverzellati, Gino Villetti, Simone Ottonello, Maria Ravo, Franco F Stellari","doi":"10.1186/s12931-025-03300-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-025-03300-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transcriptome profiling by RNA sequencing (RNAseq) can provide insightful information on the molecular processes underlying disease development and progression. Although fresh tissue represents the preferred source material for RNAseq, here, we investigated the feasibility of applying RNAseq analysis to single 10 μm thick formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) lung slides from the lungs of control and bleomycin (BLM)-treated mice. This approach aims at providing spatial-oriented transcriptomic data, that can be integrated with in vivo and ex vivo readouts obtained on the same sample, as a way to enhance the mechanistic information and biomarker/target discovery potential of preclinical models of fibrotic lung diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RNAseq analysis was conducted on individual FFPE slides from the lungs of both controls and BLM-treated mice. The results were initially validated by comparison with publicly available bulk data from fresh-frozen (FF) mouse tissues, both untreated and BLM-treated, as well as human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) biopsies. Unsupervised cluster analysis was performed on Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) distinguishing untreated and BLM-treated fibrotic lung samples. For each sample, Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare expression levels of individual gene clusters with Ashcroft Scores and aeration compartments quantitatively assessed on the matched 2D micro-CT coronal slice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 90% of annotated genes within the FFPE dataset were shared with gene signatures retrieved from FF bulk datasets. Differentially modulated gene clusters were mainly found to be associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, tissue remodeling, and inflammatory response pathways. For each sample, expression levels of individual gene clusters were highly correlated with 2D histology readouts and aeration compartments determined on matched 2D coronal slices by micro-CT imaging.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FFPE lung tissue represents a valuable alternative to fresh tissue for RNAseq analysis, allowing to achieve a more precise, spatially oriented picture of pulmonary disease development. This approach is thus instrumental to a better characterization of the molecular changes associated to each sample. It can also contribute to a more informed interpretation of histology and micro-CT imaging data, paving the way to the identification of translationally relevant biomarkers as well as novel candidate targets for the development of more effective therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"225"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential clinical implications of slow vital capacity in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.","authors":"Ho Cheol Kim, Sydney Guthrie, Christopher S King, Shazia Khan, Christopher A Thomas, Vikramjit Khangoora, Steven D Nathan","doi":"10.1186/s12931-025-03304-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-025-03304-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease with a highly variable clinical course. Forced vital capacity (FVC) is widely used as a marker of disease severity and progression, yet its variability and dependence on patient effort raise concerns regarding its reliability. Given these limitations, we investigated the clinical significance of slow vital capacity (SVC) as a potential alternative measure of lung function in IPF.In a retrospective cohort of 89 IPF patients who underwent pulmonary function testing with concomitant SVC measurements, we observed a strong correlation between FVC and SVC (r = 0.973 at baseline, r = 0.978 at follow-up). However, in 99% of cases, SVC values were equal to or exceeded FVC, and follow-up assessments revealed that FVC exhibited greater variability than SVC. Notably, patients with a decrease in SVC demonstrated worse survival outcomes, whereas FVC decline did not show the same prognostic significance. These findings suggest that SVC may provide a more stable and clinically meaningful measure of disease progression in IPF. Moreover, its less effort-dependent nature could improve reproducibility, particularly in patients with advanced diseases.Our study highlights the potential role of SVC as a valuable metric in clinical practice and as an endpoint in future IPF trials. Prospective validation of these findings could further establish SVC as a superior tool for disease monitoring and therapeutic assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"228"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial phenotyping of human bronchial airways in obstructive lung disease.","authors":"Latifa Khalfaoui, Raymond M Moore, Jose C Villasboas, Kaitlyn R Whitaker, Brenna C Novotny, Michael A Thompson, Christina M Pabelick, Y S Prakash","doi":"10.1186/s12931-025-03315-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-025-03315-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD involve interactions between multiple resident and immune cell types within bronchial airways, resulting in structural and functional changes. Thus cellular heterogeneity, arrangements and associated neighborhoods as well as interactions between cells and matrices represent intriguing yet challenging areas of study. Spatial phenotypic profiling facilitates exploration of these issues of the cellular microenvironment and identification of context-dependent cell-cell interactions. Utilizing spatial phenotyping, we interrogated the features and cellular landscape of lungs from non-asthmatics, asthmatics, and COPD in FFPE samples by developing a 10-plex antibody panel for the Akoya PhenoCycler^®-Fusion system, focused on immune cells (CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8), proliferative cells (Ki67, PCNA), angiogenesis (CD34), epithelium (E-cadherin), smooth muscle (SMA) and extracellular matrix (collagen). We performed cell segmentation on multiplex immunofluorescence images and quantified marker intensity in each cell. Phenotypes were manually identified after normalization, integration, and clustering cells across samples. The composition, cell profiling, and distribution varied significantly between asthmatics and COPD compared to non-asthmatics emphasizing disease heterogeneity. Spatially agnostic analysis revealed that the matrix cluster was more abundant in COPD compared to non-asthmatics and asthmatics, consistent with a greater role for fibrosis. However, asthmatic patients had a higher proportion of unclassified and CD8 + clusters highlighting immune responses. Co-localization analysis showed near random distribution in non-asthmatics. But strong spatial interaction between T cells and other immune or matrix cells in asthma, and a higher avoidance of smooth muscle and immune cells, and of proliferative markers in both asthmatic and COPD. Niche analysis demonstrated different recurrent cell-cell interactions in asthmatic and COPD cohorts. In COPD, the matrix cell-enriched niche was more abundant, while in asthmatics, the unclassified cell-enriched niche was more prevalent compared to non-asthmatics. These findings provide insights into differential spatial organization of cells and tissues in asthma and COPD, with immune and epithelial mechanisms suggesting active inflammation and remodeling in asthma, but fibrotic processes in COPD, and potential role for vascular processes in both conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"232"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood necrotising pneumonia, empyema and complicated parapneumonic effusion secondary to community acquired pneumonia: report of 158 cases from a tertiary hospital in Egypt.","authors":"Salma Abdelhady, Amira A Moharram, Zainab Fawzy, Eman Fouda","doi":"10.1186/s12931-025-03291-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-025-03291-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Incidence of childhood complicated community acquired pneumonia (cCAP) is increasing worldwide. Necrotising pneumonia (NP), empyema and complicated parapneumonic effusion (CPPE) are the most common local complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study describes clinical characteristics, aetiology and management of children hospitalized with cCAP in one of the largest tertiary centers in Egypt, over 5 years (December 2017 till September 2022).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 158 cases were identified. Seasonal variation was observed, as more cases were hospitalized during Winter and Spring. NP, empyema and CPPE, were diagnosed in 85 (54%), 52 (33%) and 21 (13%) children, respectively. 54 (64%) of children presented with NP had associated empyema or CPPE. The yield of pleural fluid, sputum and blood cultures were 23%, 18% and 17%, respectively. Community acquired MRSA was the predominant causative organism, followed by S pneumoniae. 87% of the patients had pleural interventions. 29 (18%) children received fibrinolytics. Three children presented with CAP and highly septated effusion, developed NP and persistent air leaks following fibrinolytic administration. Patients had prolonged hospitalization (median 17 days). 15 (10%) children had surgery. Children presented with NP had more morbidities and longer length of hospital stay, compared to children presented with CPPE and empyema. ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, severe anemia requiring blood transfusion, broncho-pleural fistula and surgical interventions were significantly higher in NP cohort. We report 5 mortalities, 4 of them below 1 year of age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study describes the largest cohort of children hospitalized with cCAP from Egypt till this date. Management of cCAP remains challenging worldwide and the current guidelines requires updating. Improvement of microbial detection and reporting is needed to promote antimicrobial stewardship.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"235"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenesis and current status of the treatment of lung cancer associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhang, Chang Qi, Qi Wei, Yalun Li, Panwen Tian","doi":"10.1186/s12931-025-03294-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-025-03294-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease with chronic progressive fibrosis of unknown etiology; it is characterized by persistent fibrosis of the lungs accompanied by irreversible lung function decline and high mortality rates. A large body of evidence suggests a significant association between IPF and lung cancer (LC). IPF itself increases the risk of LC development, and LC associated with IPF often originates in areas of honeycomb lesions in IPF. In addition, there are similarities between the two diseases in terms of genetics as well as cellular molecular mechanisms; examples include genetic and epigenetic variants, fibroblast activation and proliferation, epithelial‒mesenchymal transition (EMT), abnormal mechanical forces generated in the lungs, and aberrant signaling pathway activation, which may drive the progression of pathology in both diseases. In this review, we describe in detail the epidemiological and clinical associations of LC in patients with IPF, highlight recent studies on the shared pathogenesis between IPF and LC, and discuss current advances in the treatment of LC associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"230"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights from precision-cut lung slices-investigating mechanisms and therapeutics for pulmonary hypertension.","authors":"William R Studley, Emma Lamanna, Claudia A Nold-Petry, Cheng Xue Qin, Jane E Bourke","doi":"10.1186/s12931-025-03290-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-025-03290-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) are gaining traction as a versatile ex vivo tool to study mechanisms and treatments for lung diseases. This preparation, in which the major structural elements of the native lung are preserved, bridges the gap between cell and in vivo models allowing researchers to assess integrated functional responses including smooth muscle reactivity, inflammation and tissue remodelling. To date, the application of PCLS to study outcomes relevant to diseases affecting the pulmonary vasculature, such as pulmonary hypertension, is relatively limited compared to those focussed on chronic airway or interstitial lung diseases. This review explores the specific technical requirements for the preparation of PCLS with viable, patent pulmonary arteries, and their application for investigation of mechanisms and treatments related to pulmonary hypertension. Studies characterising vascular responses to contractile agonists in PCLS, particularly in the context of disease-relevant stimuli and models are described, as well as the use of PCLS for the identification of novel vasodilators. This article also outlines current research to prolong PCLS viability and provides directions for future PCLS studies to investigate inflammation and vascular remodelling, with a view to identify therapeutics that address the current limitations of dilator-only treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Overall, the review highlights the importance of PCLS for mechanistic studies and drug development. While PCLS are currently underutilised in the context of pulmonary hypertension, the evidence provided here of the multifaceted functional outcomes that can be investigated using PCLS supports their wider application for understanding disease pathophysiology and validating novel therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"220"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of the ATP synthase c subunit ameliorates HDM/LPS-induced inflammatory responses in asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells by blocking the mPTP-mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis.","authors":"Decai Wang, Chao Liu, Chen Bao, Jiannan Hu, Ziling Li, Xinyue Ma, Yunfei Zhu, Shuyun Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12931-025-03299-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-025-03299-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ATP synthase c subunit (c subunit) constitutes the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). The extended opening of the mPTP is crucial in the development of various human illnesses. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether the c subunit regulates the prolonged opening of the mPTP to attenuate inflammatory responses in asthma. This study sought to clarify the impact of the c subunit on inflammatory responses and to examine the therapeutic effects of 1,3,8-triazaspiro [4.5] decane derivatives (PP10), a c subunit inhibitor, in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells induced by house dust mite (HDM) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as in a mouse model. The findings indicated that the expression of the c subunit is elevated in asthmatic patients, HDM/LPS-induced HBE cells, and asthmatic mice. The inhibition of the c subunit by PP10 alleviated the prolonged opening of mPTP, then blocked the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-interferon response cGAMP interactor (STING) pathway activation in HDM/LPS-induced HBE cells. Furthermore, PP10 decreased the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and ameliorated airway inflammation in HDM/LPS-induced HBE cells and asthmatic animals, respectively. The data collectively suggest that the c subunit triggers an inflammatory response by promoting the sustained opening of mPTP, leading to the activation of the mtDNA-GAS-STING pathway in HDM/LPS-induced HBE cells. Inhibition of the c-subunit attenuates inflammatory responses in HDM/LPS-induced cells or mouse models. Clinical trial number Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"219"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovating care for people with sarcoidosis using a machine learning-driven approach.","authors":"Vivienne Kahlmann, Astrid Dunweg, Heleen Kicken, Nick Jelicic, Johanna M Hendriks, Richard Goossens, Marlies S Wijsenbeek, Jiwon Jung","doi":"10.1186/s12931-025-03282-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-025-03282-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding patients' everyday experience is essential to improve patient centered care in sarcoidosis. So far, patient perspectives are based on survey- and qualitative research.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to assess patient-driven perspectives on their care trajectories using a novel machine learning-driven approach (MLD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the largest Dutch sarcoidosis patient platform as the data source of patient stories. The patients' stories were extracted with permission. We applied topic modelling (to generate topics among the posts), and sentiment analysis (to find tone of voice in the topics). To validate the findings, we read the top 50 most relevant posts of each topic. An in-depth patients' disease trajectory map was made.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on 4969 forum posts, 30 final topics and 10 upper themes were generated, which formed the basis for the \"patient journey-map\" which shows patients' perspective across the care pathway. Important decision moments could be identified, as well as care \"tracks\" at home and hospital and topics associated with positive or negative emotions. Most patients' perspectives were about symptoms (mainly negative sentiment), disease-modifying medication (mainly neutral sentiment), and quality of life (negative, neutral and positive).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>A major part of living with sarcoidosis takes place outside the view of the hospital, but this part often remains invisible. MLD is an innovative approach, providing a comprehensive overview of patients' perspectives on health and care. Integrating, these findings in the design of health care delivery has the potential to improve patient-centered care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"218"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraspinal myosteatosis is associated with COPD: a cross-sectional MRI analysis from the population-based KORA cohort.","authors":"Thierno D Diallo, Stefan Karrasch, Matthias Jung, Annette Peters, Roberto Lorbeer, Christopher L Schlett, Ricarda von Krüchten, Fabian Bamberg, Susanne Rospleszcz, Lena S Kiefer","doi":"10.1186/s12931-025-03297-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-025-03297-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a significant extrapulmonary manifestation. Yet, the role of muscle fat infiltration (myosteatosis) in paraspinal muscles remains incompletely characterized. This study investigated whether paraspinal myosteatosis and its distribution patterns are associated with COPD and pulmonary function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within the population-based KORA cohort, 214 participants underwent whole-body magnetic resonance imaging and pulmonary function testing. Paraspinal myosteatosis was quantified by chemical shift-encoded MRI at lumbar vertebra 3 (L3), from which proton density fat fraction (PDFF, in %) maps were derived. Intramyocellular (IMCL) and extramyocellular lipids (EMCL) were determined through voxel-based analysis using validated PDFF thresholds. COPD was defined spirometrically as FEV1/FVC below the lower limit of normal. Associations were examined using multivariable regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, physical activity, and body mass index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among participants (mean age 58.5 ± 5.8 years, 56.1% male), 24 (11.2%) had spirometrically defined COPD. Participants with COPD showed higher paraspinal PDFF (19.9 ± 7.0% vs. 18.3 ± 7.6%) and lower IMCL/EMCL ratios (1.0 ± 0.4 vs. 1.2 ± 0.6) compared to those without COPD. After adjustment, higher PDFF was independently associated with increased odds of COPD (OR 1.69, 95% CI: 1.01-2.84, p = 0.046), while a higher IMCL to EMCL ratio showed protective associations (OR 0.49, 95% CI: 0.24-1.00, p = 0.050). Both total paraspinal PDFF and EMCL were negatively associated with pulmonary gas exchange capacity (TLCO/VA: β=-0.19, 95% CI: -0.35-0.04, p = 0.016 and β=-0.18, 95% CI: -0.33-0.03, p = 0.022, respectively). Conversely, higher IMCL/EMCL ratios were associated with better gas exchange (TLCO/VA: β = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.01-0.29, p = 0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This population-based study demonstrates that while increased total paraspinal muscle fat content is associated with higher COPD risk, its compartmental distribution reveals distinct patterns: A higher proportion of IMCL relative to EMCL shows protective associations, potentially reflecting preserved type I oxidative muscle fiber characteristics. These findings suggest that muscle fat distribution patterns may serve as imaging markers of metabolic adaptation in COPD, offering new perspectives for disease monitoring and therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"217"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multicenter prospective clinical cohort study of pulmonary cryptococcosis in adult non-HIV-infected patients in a southeastern province of China.","authors":"Meiyan Chen, Shuyang Chen, Meng Wang, Huijuan Wang, Shengyuan Zeng, Liying Zhuang, Guoxiang Lai, Zongyang Yu, Yanjing You, Baosong Xie, Xiujuan Yao, Xiangqi Chen, Lan Lin, Qunying Lin, Yuxiong Hu, Liyu Xu, Xiaohua Li, Xiaohong Chen, Danmei Wu, Gongping Chen, Kaixiong Liu, Hui She, Li Lin, Guoqing Yu, Wen Wen","doi":"10.1186/s12931-025-03283-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-025-03283-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates the clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment outcomes of pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) in non-HIV patients in Fujian Province, and explores the correlation between immunological status and clinical features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted from April 2017 to March 2022, involving 234 PC patients from 47 hospitals in nine prefecture-level cities in southeastern China's Fujian Province.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 145 male and 89 female PC patients, average age 50.66 ± 14.11 years. Immunological status varied: 115 immunocompetent, 17 with potential immunodeficiency due to certain comorbidities, 69 with mild-to-moderate immunodeficiency, and 33 with severe immunodeficiency. Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbidity. The prevalence of PC is higher in Eastern Fujian (51.7%). 18.4% of patients were exposed to birds/pigeons droppings prior to admission. 37.6% of patients were asymptomatic. Cough and expectoration were common symptoms. Radiologically, multiple lesions with subpleural and lower lobe involvement were typical. The Cryptococcus capsular antigen (CrAg) test showed a sensitivity of 94.9%. Fluconazole was the primary treatment (87.0%), followed by voriconazole. At final follow-up, 85.4% of patients had recovered or improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PC incidence in non-HIV-infected adults in Fujian is higher in males. Most patients were immunocompetent and from eastern Fujian, with few significant environmental exposures. Clinical and radiological findings were non-specific, highlighting diagnostic challenges. The CrAg test is a valuable diagnostic tool. Treatment with fluconazole and voriconazole resulted in favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"216"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}