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The lasting impact of incarceration: A qualitative thematic analysis of mental health in formerly incarcerated Black men 监禁的持久影响:对曾被监禁的黑人男子心理健康的定性专题分析
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118244
Helena A. Addison , Therese S. Richmond , Toorjo Ghose , Sara F. Jacoby
{"title":"The lasting impact of incarceration: A qualitative thematic analysis of mental health in formerly incarcerated Black men","authors":"Helena A. Addison ,&nbsp;Therese S. Richmond ,&nbsp;Toorjo Ghose ,&nbsp;Sara F. Jacoby","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Black men in the United States face high incarceration rates and formerly incarcerated Black men (FIBM) have worse mental health outcomes than Black men who have never been incarcerated. Incarceration is a driver of population health inequities and as such, its role in contributing to negative mental health outcomes must be examined within FIBM's broader social, environmental, and historical context. The purpose of this study was to examine FIBM's perceptions of mental health broadly, and in relation to their lived experiences with incarceration. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 29 FIBM in Philadelphia, PA. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze interview transcripts. Five themes were generated in analysis: 1) “Defining mental health” 2) “Mental health harms during incarceration,” 3) “Incarceration and its harms persist,” 4) “Redefined relationships and roles,” and 5) “Navigating place.” Together these themes reveal the extent to which mental health of FIBM is influenced by social, environmental, and structural aspects of their individual lived experiences, which is largely shaped by the shared experience of incarceration. Incarceration has a direct and persistent impact on FIBM's mental health and lived experiences, and a pervasive influence on the larger context in which they are embedded, including their social relationships and physical environment. It is essential to examine the mental health of FIBM through the context created and influenced by incarceration to effectively understand and address their mental health needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 118244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
‘It's about the connections we've made with each other’: resilience and risk translation in governing healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic “这是关于我们彼此之间建立的联系”:2019冠状病毒病大流行期间管理医疗保健的复原力和风险转化
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118246
Bert de Graaff , Sabrina Huizenga , Roland Bal
{"title":"‘It's about the connections we've made with each other’: resilience and risk translation in governing healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Bert de Graaff ,&nbsp;Sabrina Huizenga ,&nbsp;Roland Bal","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper we focus on risk translation in the governing of healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. We do so to explore crisis resilience in healthcare systems as a concrete practice. We build in this paper on a multi-sited ethnography of the Dutch crisis-organization in healthcare between March 2020 and August 2022. We zoom-in on regional networks of acute care delivery (ROAZ) during the second year of the pandemic in the Netherlands (from August 2021 to August 2022). Our analysis underscores how the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare is enacted through a multitude of relations of risk. These relations are translated between institutional layers of crisis governance through relation-building, data-infrastructures, modelling and scenario-building, (re)writing guidelines and protocols, next to formal political practices. We argue that risk translation during crises allows for creating specific objects and infrastructures of governance such as care (acute/‘non-COVID’), geographies (‘the region’) and materials (‘an ICU-bed’). Risk translation appears as a crucial practice for resilient healthcare systems; emphasizing the ad hoc, informal and manual risk work that mediates knowledge and values about how to act during crisis between layers of healthcare governance and emerging collective(s) (in) action. These practices are inherently political, leading to the in- or exclusion of (alternative) concerns and their representatives in governing healthcare during crisis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 118246"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The constructive power of informality? Relationships, emotion, and empathy in the administration of social assistance for childhood disability in South Africa 非正式的建设性力量?南非儿童残疾社会援助管理中的关系、情感和同理心
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118211
Zara Trafford
{"title":"The constructive power of informality? Relationships, emotion, and empathy in the administration of social assistance for childhood disability in South Africa","authors":"Zara Trafford","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social assistance cash transfers, known locally as grants, are the only regular financial support available to low-income families in South Africa. There are two broad categories: poverty alleviation and disability-related grants. All disability-related grants are linked with the public sector health system, because only medical doctors are permitted to conduct the required assessments. This article reflects on a three-year qualitative study of the perspectives of stakeholders around the central focus of the Care Dependency Grant for primary caregivers of disabled children. In this article, various framings of disability-related grants are unpacked, with a specific focus on the gatekeeping practices of frontline social security officials in South Africa. I situate their behaviours within local and global conversations about systems for disability benefits assessment and distribution, which increasingly aim to suppress bureaucratic “emotionality” for fear that this produces subjective – and thus, unfair – decision-making. The latter imperative is intensified in South Africa because of justified concerns about corruption. In an under-resourced bureaucracy catering to a large population, however, high levels of informality are likely to persist. Building on Rupert Hodder's concept of positive informality, I share examples of “constructive” informality from the abovementioned study and argue for the importance of closely examining and learning from these instances. I conclude by suggesting that instead of trying to suppress their humanity, public servants' engagement with the populace could be enhanced by investing in their professional development toward increased empathy and relationship-building. This might be an untapped complementary approach to improving social justice in redistributive efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 118211"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correlates of longitudinal patterns of racial discrimination in midlife and older Black adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study 中年和老年黑人种族歧视纵向模式的相关性:来自健康和退休研究的证据
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118194
Kellee White Whilby , Shuo J. Huang , Bethany A. Bell , Kaitlynn Robinson-Ector , Mario Sims , David R. Williams
{"title":"Correlates of longitudinal patterns of racial discrimination in midlife and older Black adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study","authors":"Kellee White Whilby ,&nbsp;Shuo J. Huang ,&nbsp;Bethany A. Bell ,&nbsp;Kaitlynn Robinson-Ector ,&nbsp;Mario Sims ,&nbsp;David R. Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Single cross-sectional discrimination measures may mask dynamic patterns of cumulative experiences and exposure to racial discrimination. However, there is a dearth of studies assessing trajectories of racial discrimination, particularly among midlife and older Black adults in the United States. The study aims to identify trajectories of racial discrimination over 12 years. We also examine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and resilience resources with racial discrimination trajectories.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (2006–2020), repeated measures latent profile analysis was employed to identify racial discrimination trajectories among Blacks aged 50+ (N = 1710). Multinomial logistic regression examined the association between sociodemographic and resilience resources with racial discrimination trajectories.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three racial discrimination trajectories were identified: low-stable (70 %), moderate (23 %), and persistently high and increasing (7 %). Individuals reporting higher levels of major lifetime experiences of discrimination and greater neighborhood social cohesion were associated with membership in the “moderate” and the “persistently high and increasing” racial discrimination trajectory groups. Those reporting positive social support and psychological resilience were less likely to be in the “moderate” or the “persistently high and increasing trajectory” groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest heterogeneity in the cumulative patterning of racial discrimination among midlife and older Black adults. Racial discrimination trajectories may enable greater precision in estimating the health consequences of cumulative exposure to discrimination. Future studies are warranted to determine whether membership in specific discrimination trajectory groups confers differential risk to age-related conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 118194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Healthcare services for low-wage migrant workers: A systematic review 低收入农民工的医疗服务:一项系统综述
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118176
Eilin Rast , Karen Lau , Rosita Chia-Yin Lin , Tharani Loganathan , Sally Hargreaves , Cathy Zimmerman , on behalf of the Consortium for Migrant Worker Health
{"title":"Healthcare services for low-wage migrant workers: A systematic review","authors":"Eilin Rast ,&nbsp;Karen Lau ,&nbsp;Rosita Chia-Yin Lin ,&nbsp;Tharani Loganathan ,&nbsp;Sally Hargreaves ,&nbsp;Cathy Zimmerman ,&nbsp;on behalf of the Consortium for Migrant Worker Health","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-wage labour migrants often face health-damaging living and working conditions, but are frequently excluded from healthcare. The othering of migrants, bordering of healthcare and simple oversight and negligence create widening health inequalities for a society's essential workers. This review aimed to identify the forms and effectiveness of healthcare services designed to make healthcare accessible for migrant workers.</div><div>We searched for literature through Medline, Embase, Global Health, Web of Science, and Global Index Medicus (from 1 January 2000 till 9 June 2023), focussing on selected work sectors (domestic work, construction, manufacturing, agriculture, mining). Primary research, reports, and grey literature from 2000 onwards containing descriptions or evaluations of healthcare services exclusively targeting low-wage migrant workers and their families were included. We excluded services focussing only on specific health conditions or disease screening. Quality appraisal was based on tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. We narratively synthesised service characteristics and effects. This review follows the PRISMA reporting guidelines for systematic reviews and is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023459360).</div><div>Identified studies included 21 healthcare services targeting low-wage migrant workers in six countries (China, Dominican Republic, Italy, Qatar, South Africa, USA) in three sectors (agriculture, manufacturing, domestic work). Services included established medical facilities (e.g., general hospital care, semi-permanent primary healthcare (PHC) services); mobile clinics for PHC; and telehealth services. The healthcare services were provided by governmental, non-governmental, academic, and private actors. Most targeted migrant farmworkers and were primarily located in the United States. Common healthcare barriers were addressed, for example, via free care, outreach, or non-traditional hours. However, service effects on health, access and uptake, patient satisfaction, and acceptability were largely unclear, as only six studies offered some fragmentary evaluative evidence.</div><div>Few healthcare services targeting migrant workers have been documented and evaluated, especially in LMICs. Although migrant workers are deemed to be mobile populations, once in the destination location, many are quite immobile when it comes to accessing healthcare. Thus, in the face of persistent exclusion of migrant workers, health systems cannot simply rely on the ability of this vital workforce to seek and use preventative or curative care, but healthcare services must be actively designed to be accessible to this mobile population in order to ensure health as a human right.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 118176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mental health and wellbeing priority setting: a study of evidence use in schools in England 心理健康和福祉优先设置:英格兰学校证据使用的研究
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118214
Camille Allard , Rebecca Johnson , Sally O'Loughlin, Hareth Al-Janabi
{"title":"Mental health and wellbeing priority setting: a study of evidence use in schools in England","authors":"Camille Allard ,&nbsp;Rebecca Johnson ,&nbsp;Sally O'Loughlin,&nbsp;Hareth Al-Janabi","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Educational settings represent an important site for mental health and wellbeing (MHWB) investment, with an upsurge in research evidence to support such investments. However, the way in which schools use evidence to support priority setting has not been widely documented. This article focuses on how, in practice, English schools use evidence in investing in MHWB initiatives. We conducted exploratory interviews and document analysis with decision-makers and stakeholders across four schools (two primary and two secondary). Five themes were derived to explain how school decision-makers select and use evidence (i) ‘context, needs, and ideology’; (ii) ‘internal and external data for self-management’; (iii) ‘experiences and expertise’; (iv) ‘evidence to inform and challenge’; and (v) ‘external social networks to access evidence’. The findings show the non-linear, interactive, role of evidence in schools, and how evidence is used via a ‘political model’, when decision-makers use research to back-up their position. Researchers seeking to inform resource allocation decisions in school settings may wish to work with interactive or political models of evidence use to increase the uptake of the evidence they generate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 118214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Educational disparities in dementia incidence and healthcare utilization: evidence from a cohort study in Italy 痴呆发病率和医疗保健利用中的教育差异:来自意大利队列研究的证据
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118233
Agostino Cristofalo , Silvia Cascini , Giulia Cesaroni , Eleonora Trappolini , Nera Agabiti , Anna Maria Bargagli
{"title":"Educational disparities in dementia incidence and healthcare utilization: evidence from a cohort study in Italy","authors":"Agostino Cristofalo ,&nbsp;Silvia Cascini ,&nbsp;Giulia Cesaroni ,&nbsp;Eleonora Trappolini ,&nbsp;Nera Agabiti ,&nbsp;Anna Maria Bargagli","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While educational disparities in dementia incidence are well-known, whether and to what extent they persist beyond dementia onset is less explored. In this study, we investigated educational disparities in the risk of dementia diagnosis in administrative health records (dementia incidence) and subsequent healthcare utilization among dementia patients. We analysed the Lazio Region Longitudinal Study (Italy) from 2012 to 2022. We applied Cox regression to investigate disparities in dementia incidence and three subsequent healthcare utilization outcomes (all-cause hospitalizations, potentially preventable hospitalizations, and emergency visits). In a cohort of dementia-free 50–90-year-olds (907 453 men and 1 083 538 women), we found strong and age-patterned disparities in dementia incidence. Compared to highly-educated, the incidence in low-educated men and women was higher, especially at ages 50–64 (HR = 2.09, 95 % CI: 1.69–2.58 and HR = 2.17; 95 % CI: 1.71–2.74). In the follow-up of 27 158 men and 40 797 women incident dementia cases, low-educated had higher risk of all-cause hospitalizations (HR = 1.24; 95 % CI: 1.16–1.32 and HR = 1.18; 95 % CI: 1.09–1.27), potentially-preventable hospitalizations (HR = 1.27; 95 % CI: 1.17–1.37 and HR = 1.19; 95 % CI: 1.08–1.31) and emergency visits (HR = 1.33; 95 % CI: 1.26–1.41 and HR = 1.27; 95 % CI: 1.18–1.35). Disparities in hospitalization are reduced after adjusting for health conditions pre-existing dementia identification, less so those in emergency visits. Overall, disparities in dementia incidence persisted to a lesser extent in subsequent healthcare utilization and were mostly accounted by pre-existing health conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 118233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neighborhoods can be sexist too: Hostile sexism and risk of intimate partner violence across city neighborhoods 社区也可能存在性别歧视:敌意的性别歧视和亲密伴侣暴力的风险遍布城市社区
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118241
Enrique Gracia , Antonio López-Quílez , Miriam Marco , Pablo Escobar-Hernández , Marisol Lila
{"title":"Neighborhoods can be sexist too: Hostile sexism and risk of intimate partner violence across city neighborhoods","authors":"Enrique Gracia ,&nbsp;Antonio López-Quílez ,&nbsp;Miriam Marco ,&nbsp;Pablo Escobar-Hernández ,&nbsp;Marisol Lila","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hostile sexism reflects prejudices and hostile attitudes toward women that may justify and facilitate intimate partner violence (IPV). The present study aimed to measure and map hostile sexism attitudes at the neighborhood level, and analyzed whether neighborhood-level hostile sexism was associated with the risk of IPV across city neighborhoods (Valencia, Spain). We used geocoded data on IPV cases (N = 2,060) aggregated at the census block group level (N = 552). Informed by a social disorganization theoretical framework, neighborhood-level covariates included administrative data on sociodemographic and contextual characteristics (i.e., income, immigrant concentration, residential instability, and social disorder and crime), and survey data on hostile sexism (N = 8,165). We conducted a small-area ecological study using Bayesian spatial modeling and disease mapping methods. Results showed the spatial clustering of neighborhood-level hostile sexism (i.e., these attitudes were not distributed equally across neighborhoods, but showed a distinctive geographical pattern), and that neighborhoods with higher levels of hostile sexism had higher relative risks of IPV, once other neighborhood-level characteristics were accounted for. This study showed that the unequal distribution of neighborhood-level hostile sexism compounded with other neighborhood characteristics (i.e., low income, high immigrant concentration, and high levels of social disorder and criminality) to explain important spatial inequalities in IPV risk across city neighborhoods. Neighborhood-level prevention efforts should consider including strategies to reduce gender biased social norms, prejudices, and hostile attitudes toward women that create a social climate that helps to justify, tolerate, and facilitate IPV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 118241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social network intervention to improve blood pressure control after stroke: The TEAMS-BP randomized clinical trial 社会网络干预改善脑卒中后血压控制:TEAMS-BP随机临床试验
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118231
Amar Dhand , Katherine Crum , Kaitlin E. Hanken , Gauri Bhatkhande , Melinda Luo , Ian M. Corbin , George Usmanov , Zachary Rothfeld-Wehrwein , Vrushali Dhongade , David Lin , Chloe Slocum , Nancy Haff , Niteesh K. Choudhry
{"title":"Social network intervention to improve blood pressure control after stroke: The TEAMS-BP randomized clinical trial","authors":"Amar Dhand ,&nbsp;Katherine Crum ,&nbsp;Kaitlin E. Hanken ,&nbsp;Gauri Bhatkhande ,&nbsp;Melinda Luo ,&nbsp;Ian M. Corbin ,&nbsp;George Usmanov ,&nbsp;Zachary Rothfeld-Wehrwein ,&nbsp;Vrushali Dhongade ,&nbsp;David Lin ,&nbsp;Chloe Slocum ,&nbsp;Nancy Haff ,&nbsp;Niteesh K. Choudhry","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social connections play an important role in predicting health outcomes after a stroke. In the context of clinical medicine, a social network theory proposes that each patient is embedded in a personal social network of interpersonal connections that provide social support, information, and behavioral cues. However, the effectiveness of activating and harnessing supportive personal social networks remains uncertain, particularly within healthcare situations where individualism prevails. As an initial step towards developing interventions for healthier social networks in clinical practice, we conducted a randomized controlled trial in stroke survivors. This trial compared a network intervention versus individual counseling for 3 months with the aim of lowering blood pressure after stroke. Over 2 years, we recruited 45 stroke survivors, with 24 assigned to the network intervention and 21 to the individual counseling group. Results indicated no significant difference in the primary outcome of absolute systolic blood pressure difference over 3 months between the two groups. However, subgroup analyses revealed that patients within small and close-knit networks, known as high constraint networks, who received the network intervention had a significantly larger reduction in blood pressure than patients within large and open, low constraint, networks. The study's findings are preliminary due to dropout rates in both arms, and variable engagement of network members in the intervention arm. Nevertheless, our results suggest the potential of leveraging social networks to enhance health outcomes in specific subgroups of stroke survivors, highlighting avenues for further research and intervention development. Clinical Trial Unique Identifier: NCT05258890.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 118231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Weapon victimization and long-term cardiovascular disease risk 武器受害与长期心血管疾病风险
IF 4.9 2区 医学
Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118236
Esther Lee , Daniel C. Semenza , Arline T. Geronimus , Justin Heinze
{"title":"Weapon victimization and long-term cardiovascular disease risk","authors":"Esther Lee ,&nbsp;Daniel C. Semenza ,&nbsp;Arline T. Geronimus ,&nbsp;Justin Heinze","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescent exposure to weapon-related violence is linked to adverse mental health outcomes, yet its long-term physical health impacts remain understudied. Using four waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, this study examined the direct and indirect associations between adolescent weapon victimization and overall cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adulthood. Weapon victimization was associated with a 55.7 % increase in 10-year CVD risk (direct) and a 10.6 % increase in 30-year risk (indirect), with mental distress, smoking, and allostatic load accounting for 76 % of the total indirect effect. Given that firearm injury and CVD are the leading causes of death among adolescents and adults in the U.S., respectively, these findings reflect the potential value of integrating violence prevention into broader public health and chronic disease strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 118236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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