Social Science & Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Divergence in smoking and drinking trends: Results from age-period-cohort analytical approach","authors":"Duyen Nguyen ,&nbsp;Michael Donnelly ,&nbsp;Ciaran O'Neill","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Smoking has dropped substantially over time while alcohol consumption has increased. Understanding how smoking and drinking relate to age, time-period or birth cohorts may improve public health measures.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The cross-sectional Continuous Household Survey in Northern Ireland provided bi-annual, household-level data on smoking and drinking from 1985 to 2015. An age-period-cohort approach was employed using 10-year age groups and 9 birth cohorts. A descriptive analysis of smoking and drinking by birth cohort was performed and supplemented by a joinpoint analysis. An Intrinsic Estimator model was used to examine behaviour patterns defined separately by age, time-period, and cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Age effects showed that smoking and drinking peaked during adolescence and young adulthood (relative risk (RR) of age 25–34 vs. all ages: RR _smoking = 1.59, RR _drinking = 1.61, p &lt; 0.001), followed by a progressive subsequent decline with age. Distinct secular trends were observed whereby smoking decreased over time but non-abstinence rates in relation to alcohol consumption increased substantially from 1985 to 2015. Cohort effects in smoking and drinking suggested that Generation X (born around 1961–1980) appeared to have a slightly higher likelihood of smoking and drinking but this converged with other cohorts over time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The absence of similar policy efforts for alcohol as given to smoking may explain the divergence in secular trends of smoking and drinking. Targeting interventions towards adolescents and young adults may offer the best chance of reducing smoking and drinking prevalence. Cohort effects suggest the need for further research about the relationship between drinking and Northern Ireland's political history.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"362 ","pages":"Article 117474"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal bidirectional relations between psychological maltreatment by teachers and psychosocial adjustment during early adolescence","authors":"Meiru Deng ,&nbsp;Mao Wen ,&nbsp;E. Scott Huebner ,&nbsp;Lili Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined three models (relationship-driven model, symptom-driven model and transactional model) testing the across-time bidirectional relations between psychological maltreatment by teachers and early adolescents' psychosocial adjustment (i.e., internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and academic achievement) during early adolescence. A total of 4169 Chinese early adolescents (<em>M</em>_age = 9.93 years, <em>SD</em> = 0.73, 54% males) completed assessments across five waves, every six months. Employing autoregressive latent trajectory models with structured residuals (ALT-SR), the results revealed that adolescents’ internalizing problems and academic achievement were predicted by psychological maltreatment by teachers (supporting the relationship-driven model), whereas externalizing problems and psychological maltreatment by teachers were bidirectionally related (supporting the transactional model). Moreover, sex moderated the relations between psychological maltreatment by teachers and psychosocial adjustment. The finding of differential relations between psychological maltreatment by teachers and three components of psychosocial adjustment (i.e., internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and academic achievement) indicated that prevention and interventions should be tailored to different psychosocial adjustment difficulties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"362 ","pages":"Article 117475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indigenous Australian perspectives on the perinatal period: Social well-being, culture and early infant attachments","authors":"Jodie A. Mottram ,&nbsp;James A. Dimmock","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Although social factors and culture are significant determinants of health in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, little is known academically about key interpersonal and social experiences of this population during the perinatal period, or how early attachments are formed through culture. This study addressed this gap in the literature.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and measures</h3><div>A reflexive thematic analysis approach was applied to the data gathered from focus groups (<em>N</em> = 14) held with Aboriginal (<em>N</em> = 7) and Torres Strait Islander (<em>N</em> = 7) mothers and their kinship systems.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five prominent interpersonal and social themes were identified: maternal-fetal attachment, infant-kinship attachment, caretaking roles/shared caregiving, traditional adoption, and ceremonies and rites of passage. Characteristics of maternal-fetal attachment were aligned with the construct in non-Indigenous literature. Post-utero, caretaking/shared caregiving roles such as ‘big mum/dad’ and ‘small mum/dad’ were identified. Ceremonies and rites of passage were understood to cement cultural roles within the kinship system, and the role of the maternal uncle was highlighted. A cultural obligation to help raise the child for biological mothers' other siblings, known as ‘mums’ and ‘dads’, was identified.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Discussion is centred around the necessity for ‘grass roots’ research from the perspectives of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders, and on suggestions for future research in further exploring the themes derived from this research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"364 ","pages":"Article 117476"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Media coverage of antimicrobial resistance in Germany and Switzerland: An interpretation through the multiple streams framework","authors":"Wyser Josefine ,&nbsp;Puran Tanja ,&nbsp;Hornung Johanna ,&nbsp;Fischer Manuel","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article analyzes the newspaper coverage of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) between 1999 and 2021 in Germany and Switzerland through the lens of the Multiple Streams Framework (MSF). The MSF serves as an organizing framework to trace the development of AMR media coverage by focusing on key elements of the policy process: problems, solutions, problem brokers and policy entrepreneurs. The analysis produces three main findings: First, the overall newspaper coverage of AMR is increasing from 1999 to 2021, albeit non-linearly but related to specific events. Second, the general growth in AMR and the use of antibiotics with animals are the most frequently mentioned problems. Different types of solutions are prominent in the media, but only some actors manage to connect their preferred solution to a given problem, while other solutions appear independently of specific problems. Third, scientific and state actors from the national level are most prominent in AMR media coverage, and potentially act as entrepreneurs. Overall, the analysis highlights the diversity of problems, solutions, and actors, and thus of multiple perspectives and dynamics, on AMR as an issue of emerging attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 117470"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in suicide inequalities in the context of an increase and a decrease in suicide mortality: The case of South Korea, 1995–2020","authors":"Minji Hwang ,&nbsp;Shu-Sen Chang ,&nbsp;Changsu Han ,&nbsp;Seung-ah Choe ,&nbsp;Jiseun Lim ,&nbsp;Myung Ki","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>South Korea experienced a sharp increase until 2010 followed by a gradual decrease in suicide mortality. This study examined changes in socioeconomic inequalities in suicide over 25 years and how suicide inequalities changed in the context of both an increase and a decrease in suicide mortality. Data with five-year intervals were extracted from the Korean death registry and census data between 1995 and 2020. Using Poisson regression, four measures of suicide inequalities were calculated for the slope of inequality index (SII), relative index of inequality, rate ratios, and ratio differences. Educational inequalities in suicide were obvious across all sub-populations, measures, and periods. The widening of suicide inequalities, particularly with absolute measures, followed an increase in suicide mortality until 2010. In contrast, a decline of suicide inequalities concurred after 2010 during the period of a decline in suicide mortality. SII among the total population decreased by 35.4%, from 62.4 per 100,000 people (95% confidence interval [CI], 59.8–64.9) in 2010 to 40.3 (95% CI, 38.3–42.4) in 2020. The pattern of widening and narrowing in suicide inequalities observed in the whole population was only concordant with the older population. However, the younger and the middle-aged population showed a gradual increase or stalemate in the inequalities throughout the period. Overall, suicide inequalities narrowed in the recent decade. This decline was largely led by the older population, and was attributed to the provision of social protection. A decline of suicide inequalities can accompany a decline in suicide mortality, when the provision of social protection favored the less educated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"362 ","pages":"Article 117472"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between precarious employment and emergence of food insecurity in Korean adults: A population-based longitudinal analysis (2008–2022)","authors":"Seong-Uk Baek ,&nbsp;Jin-Ha Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Precarious employment (PE) represents an important social determinant of health. This study examined the association between PE and the emergence of food insecurity among Korean adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included a nationwide sample of 10,481 adults (49,907 observations). PE was characterized as a multifaceted concept that included insecure employment, inadequate wages, the absence of worker rights and protection, and work environments. PE was divided into four groups according to quartile values: lowest, low, high, and highest. Food insecurity was measured using the Six-Item Short Form of the Household Food Security Survey Module. Time-lagged generalized estimating equations were utilized to examine whether engaging in PE was associated with the emergence of food insecurity in the subsequent year. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>s: In total, 1.0% of participants experienced food insecurity in the subsequent year. Individuals with low, high, and highest PE levels demonstrated positive associations with food insecurity onset in the following year compared to those with the lowest PE level. After adjusting for socio-demographic variables, the RRs of the association between each PE category and food insecurity were 1.49 (95% CI: 0.99–2.25) for the low PE group, 2.74 (95% CI: 1.83–4.09) for the high PE group, and 5.71 (95% CI: 3.86–8.45) for the highest PE group, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PE, a multidimensional concept, was positively associated with food insecurity among Korean workers. Therefore, policy measures to improve employment quality within the workforce are necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"362 ","pages":"Article 117448"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repairing with a warm heart: How medical practitioners cultivate affective relationships with clients","authors":"Dan Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoli Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Healthcare providers are often advised to manage emotions to adhere to professional feeling rules and avoid deep affection for clients, but there are situations where this would not apply. We offer an atypical case of a cleft lip and palate (CLP) treatment program where affectionate medical provider-patient relationships are encouraged. Participant observation in a CLP department, in-depth interviews with the medical team, and public online content from the official WeChat account of the department showed that a meaningful bond was formed through a contextual concordance of moral consideration and professionalism across the organization. Medical practitioners have developed and justified such emotional work at the individual, professional, and organizational levels through three concordant micro-processes: developing the moral deservingness of the patient, instilling moral fulfillment into professionalism, and establishing moral consensus among medical professionals. This study enhances our current understanding of emotional work in healthcare by recognizing the moral consideration of patients and its influence on medical practices and by highlighting the complexities and dynamics of different feeling rules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"362 ","pages":"Article 117449"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hazardous alcohol use is associated with food insecurity in adults living alone: Findings from a nationwide study in Korea","authors":"Seong-Uk Baek ,&nbsp;Yu-Min Lee ,&nbsp;Jin-Ha Yoon ,&nbsp;Jong-Uk Won","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food insecurity has emerged as a major public health issue. This cross-sectional study explored the association between hazardous alcohol use and food insecurity and how this association varies according to household composition. A nationally representative sample of 31,971 adults from the two separate wave of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys was analyzed. Hazardous alcohol use was measured using the four-item version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-4). The outcome variable was food insecurity, as measured using the 18-item Household Food Security Survey. Household composition was classified into three categories: single-person households (individuals living alone), multi-person households without children, and multi-person households with children. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the association between a 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in AUDIT-4 scores and food insecurity, estimating the odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Among the participants, 9.4% lived alone, 55.8% lived within multi-person households without children, and 34.8% lived within multi-person households with children. While hazardous alcohol use showed no clear association with food insecurity in the overall sample (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.94–1.08), there was positive interaction between the AUDIT-4 and living alone an on the odds of experiencing food insecurity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Hazardous alcohol use and a 1-SD increase in AUDIT-4 score were associated with 1.52-fold (95% CI: 1.13–2.05) and 1.22-fold (95% CI: 1.06–1.40) increases in the odds of food insecurity among those living alone. Additionally, consuming ≥10 drinks on a single occasion (OR: 1.93, 95% CI: 1.14–3.26) and experience of concerns by others about drinking (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.28–3.19) were positively associated with food insecurity among those living alone. Hazardous alcohol use is associated with food insecurity, only among individuals living alone. Therefore, targeted policy efforts are necessary to mitigate hazardous alcohol use and food insecurity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"362 ","pages":"Article 117468"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Later-life social network profiles of male war survivors in Vietnam: Implications for health behaviors","authors":"Timothy Qing Ying Low ,&nbsp;Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan ,&nbsp;Zachary Zimmer ,&nbsp;Tran Khanh Toan","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging research emphasizes early-life war exposure as a key determinant of later-life health in older adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Yet, the linkages between war exposure, social networks, and later-life health behaviors have received little attention. Using data from the 2018 Vietnam Health and Aging Study, we investigate how early-life war experiences relate to the social networks and health behaviors of 1195 Vietnamese men aged 60+ who survived the Vietnam War (1965–1975). We utilize latent class analysis to identify men's network types and examine the associations between military service, war trauma, PTSD, and later-life network profiles. Furthermore, we assess the linkages between war experiences and risky health behaviors (physical inactivity, frequent alcohol and tobacco consumption) and the moderating effect of social networks on these behaviors. Our findings reveal that exposure to wartime malevolent living conditions, as opposed to direct war violence, and recent PTSD symptoms are linked to lower support levels in respondents' network profiles. Moreover, although diverse and supportive networks correspond to a reduced risk of physical inactivity, they are associated with higher risks of frequent alcohol consumption and are marginally associated with tobacco use. Importantly, social network profiles moderate the relationship between PTSD symptoms and the risk of frequent alcohol consumption. This evidence underscores the need for policymakers to consider the historical and social contexts of LMICs when deploying social support as a health intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"362 ","pages":"Article 117465"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social and policy characteristics associated with injurious shootings by police in US counties: A multilevel analysis, 2015–2020","authors":"Julie A. Ward ,&nbsp;Odis Johnson ,&nbsp;Javier A. Cepeda ,&nbsp;Dylan B. Jackson ,&nbsp;Daniel W. Webster ,&nbsp;Cassandra K. Crifasi","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>From 2015 to 2020, shootings by police injured or killed 1769 people annually in the United States, disproportionately harming members of minoritized groups. Prior studies of the structural determinants of these inequities have largely examined state-level aggregations and fatal outcomes. This study aimed to: 1) describe state and county variation in fatal and nonfatal injurious shootings by police, and 2) analyze the relationship between state and county context and differences in county rates of injurious shootings by police. Injury data were developed from manual review of incidents listed in the Gun Violence Archive, then aggregated by county-year. Covariate selection was informed by theories of police use of force and the Social Basis of Disparities in Health conceptual framework. Fixed effects negative binomial regression models were estimated, nesting years within counties and states. Analyses controlled for county population, local reporting presence, and multiple measures of social conflict and community violence. From 2015 to 2020, 56% of counties experienced injurious shootings by police. Higher county rates of victimization were associated with greater state spending on police relative to health, county income inequality, prevalence of unmet substance use disorder needs, higher county firearm availability, and permitless concealed carry statutes. Firearm purchaser licensing polices were associated with lower incidence of injurious shootings by police. To prevent patterns of injurious shootings by police, policymakers should consider addressing undermanaged substance use disorder through crisis fund allocation and use, adopting stronger firearm licensing systems, and evaluating local strategies to combat inequities and strengthen non-policing responses to social needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"362 ","pages":"Article 117460"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}