Sara Baumann , Isabella M. Wegner , Sanjana Murthy , Katarina Schneiderman , Inga T. Winkler
{"title":"More than one manifestation of agency: Relinquishing and/or retaining menstrual practices in Nepali migrant communities in the United States","authors":"Sara Baumann , Isabella M. Wegner , Sanjana Murthy , Katarina Schneiderman , Inga T. Winkler","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Menstruation is a physiological process imbued with socio-cultural meaning. In the scholarship on menstrual health, culture is almost exclusively portrayed as oppression, limitation, and restriction, with cultural and religious practices in Nepal receiving growing attention. Our study aims to complement this body of literature by exploring menstrual practices among women of Nepali origin living in the United States, as migrant communities offer deep insights into cultural meaning-making but have been largely neglected in menstrual health literature. Drawing on feminist conceptions of agency, this study seeks to develop a nuanced understanding of Nepali immigrants' relationship with menstrual practices. In 2022, we conducted 22 semi-structured interviews and explored women's menstrual experiences and the tensions they navigate between the United States and Nepali contexts, investigating the role of identity, religious beliefs, cultural norms, societal expectations, respect for tradition, and sense of community. Our findings indicate that women largely relinquished menstrual practices that reach into the social sphere and everyday life. However, regarding practices in the religious sphere, women demonstrated significant variation: some abandoned these practices for pragmatic reasons or because they considered them discriminatory, whereas other women deliberately held on to religious practices motivated by their religious identity, respect for tradition, and sense of community. Thus, menstrual agency not only manifests in resisting cultural practices, but also in retaining them. Our findings challenge monolithic understandings of agency and acknowledge the nuance, complexity, and constraints that shape women's lived realities. These insights have significant implications for strengthening culturally responsive support for migrant women's health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"372 ","pages":"Article 117992"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jess M. Meyer , Jarron M. Saint Onge , Catherine F. Siengsukon
{"title":"The role of shifted television viewing on earlier bedtimes in the streaming era","authors":"Jess M. Meyer , Jarron M. Saint Onge , Catherine F. Siengsukon","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the extent to which changes in the timing of television viewership explained shifts in bedtimes between 2003 and 2019, a period in which several major video streaming services began operation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used time diaries from U.S. adults in the American Time Use Survey (N = 196,569) to examine changes in the timing of bedtimes and television viewership, disaggregated by age. We used mediation analysis to identify the extent to which changes in evening viewership timing explained recent shifts in bedtime.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2003 to 2019, both bedtimes and cessation of evening television viewing shifted earlier among adults under age 65. When adjusting for work hours, sociodemographic characteristics, and interview timing, these adults stopped watching evening television 10–30 min earlier in 2019 relative to 2003. The largest television shift was observed among 18-29-year-olds on weekdays, who stopped watching at 10:12 p.m. in 2003 and 9:42 p.m. in 2019. The shift in viewership timing accounted for nearly 45 % of the shift to earlier bedtimes on weekdays and 49 % on weekends/holidays over this period.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among adults under age 65, findings show that earlier television viewing cessation statistically accounted for earlier bedtimes observed in the streaming era. Although we are unable to directly link changes in streaming to bedtimes, observed shifts in television viewing suggest streaming may allow people to schedule viewing at times that avoid conflict with sleep. Further, attempts to understand television viewing habits and shifting time use offer important social insights into sleep health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"372 ","pages":"Article 117977"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The mediating role of food insecurity in the relationship between income poverty and depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation: A nationwide study of Korean adults","authors":"Seong-Uk Baek , Jin-Ha Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Income poverty has been linked to poor mental health. Food insecurity, a consequence of poverty, has been identified as a determinant of mental health. We explored the mediating role of food insecurity in the relationship between income poverty and mental health problems.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study utilized a nationally representative sample of 12,918 adults from the 2019–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, among whom 3,896 were included in the depressive symptom analysis and 9,022 in the suicidal ideation analysis. Income poverty was defined as having a household income below 50 % of the median. Food insecurity was assessed using the Korean version of the 18-item Household Food Security Survey Module and was dichotomized as the presence of food insecurity if three or more items received affirmative responses. Logistic regression and mediation analyses were conducted, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) computed. Models were adjusted for gender, region, education, employment status, marital status, presence of a child, smoking, physical exercise, and alcohol use.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the sample, the prevalence was 15.1 % for income poverty, 3.8 % for food insecurity, 3.9 % for depressive symptoms, and 3.2 % for suicidal ideation. Poverty was associated with a 1.5 % (95 % CI: 1.3 %–1.6 %) increase in the likelihood of depressive symptoms compared to non-poverty conditions, with food insecurity accounting for 52.7 % (95 % CI: 46.8–58.2 %) of this effect (average causal mediating effect [ACME]: 0.008, 95 % CI: 0.006–0.009). Additionally, income poverty was associated with a 2.0 % (95 % CI: 1.9 %–2.1 %) increase in the likelihood of suicidal ideation compared to non-poverty conditions, with food insecurity accounting for 17.7 % (95 % CI: 15.7–19.8 %) of this effect (ACME: 0.004, 95 % CI: 0.003–0.004).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Food insecurity can mediate a meaningful portion of the relationship between poverty and mental health problems, highlighting the importance of targeted public health to address food access.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"373 ","pages":"Article 117972"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asiya Validova , Jessica Uruchima , Goro Yamada , Alejandra Vives , Alina Schnake-Mahl , Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche , Ariela Braverman , Brisa Sanchez , Hugo-Alejandro Santa-Ramírez , Laura Baldovino Chiquillo , Marcio Alazraqui , Monica Mazariegos , Mónica Serena Perner , Olga Lucia Sarmiento , Tamara Doberti , Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutierrez , Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa , Ana V. Diez Roux , Ana Ortigoza
{"title":"Are extensions in paid parental leave associated with lower infant and neonatal mortality in Latin American cities? Evidence from 148 cities in Chile, Mexico, and Colombia (2000–2015)","authors":"Asiya Validova , Jessica Uruchima , Goro Yamada , Alejandra Vives , Alina Schnake-Mahl , Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche , Ariela Braverman , Brisa Sanchez , Hugo-Alejandro Santa-Ramírez , Laura Baldovino Chiquillo , Marcio Alazraqui , Monica Mazariegos , Mónica Serena Perner , Olga Lucia Sarmiento , Tamara Doberti , Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutierrez , Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa , Ana V. Diez Roux , Ana Ortigoza","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examined changes in infant and neonatal mortality that occurred after extension in the minimum number of days of paid maternity leave and after the implementation of paid paternity leave in 148 cities using longitudinal city-level data (2000-2015) from Chile, Colombia, and Mexico, compiled and harmonized by the Salud Urbana en America Latina (SALURBAL) study. For Chile we also explored variations in these associations according to the mother’s educational attainment as a measure of family socioeconomic standing. We employed interrupted time series analysis in country-specific models, adjusted by time-variant socioeconomic characteristics such as the percent of the population with secondary education and above, and GDP per capita at the city level.</div><div>In Chile, we found modestly steeper declines in infant and neonatal mortality rates after paid parental leave reform in 2011 which combined the extensions in paid maternity leave and the introduction of paid paternity leave. We did not find significant associations between extensions of paid maternity and/or introduction of paternity leave and infant and neonatal mortality trends in Colombia and Mexico. The magnitude of the extension in days of paid maternity leave may be relevant to the impacts on infant and neonatal mortality. Results from this study highlight the potential importance of combined paid maternal and paternal leave policies for reducing infant and neonatal mortality while promoting more egalitarian gender roles in successful child upbringing. This is particularly relevant in the context of highly unequal Latin American cities, where women continue to provide the majority of childcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"372 ","pages":"Article 117971"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leonie K. Elsenburg , Mary Nicolaou , Henrike Galenkamp , Jeroen Lakerveld , Karien Stronks
{"title":"The clustering of disadvantage in different life dimensions across ethnic groups: A network analysis of indicators of precariousness in the HELIUS study","authors":"Leonie K. Elsenburg , Mary Nicolaou , Henrike Galenkamp , Jeroen Lakerveld , Karien Stronks","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>People living in precariousness experience a high level of insecurity and instability in different life dimensions. The experience of precariousness is influenced by ethnic origin. We examine the multi-dimensional nature of precariousness incorporating five life dimensions and six ethnic origin groups to identify differences in the interrelatedness and important aspects of precariousness across groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data of 22,092 participants of Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish, and Moroccan ethnic origin of the HELIUS (HEalthy LIfe in an Urban Setting) study, previously enriched with neighborhood data of the Geoscience and Health Cohort Consortium (GECCO). We applied Ising network models to examine the associations between 13 different precariousness indicators (e.g., marginal work or unemployment, income inadequacy, low social support satisfaction) in five different life dimensions (i.e., employment, financial, housing, cultural, and social), stratified by ethnic origin. Associations were examined using logistic regressions adjusted for the other precariousness indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Associations between the precariousness indicators were relatively similar across the various groups of non-Dutch ethnic origin. Associations between indicators were generally weaker among the group of Dutch ethnic origin, specifically associations between the neighborhood variables. For nearly all groups, the core of the model was formed by the employment, cultural, and specifically the financial dimension. Among those of non-Dutch ethnic origin, health literacy and discrimination were also important.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Financial insecurity is an important aspect of precariousness, relating to many different precariousness experiences. For those of non-Dutch ethnic origin, health literacy and discrimination are also important.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 117970"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neonatal mortality and contraceptive utilization following abortion restriction in the Dominican Republic: A difference-in-differences analysis","authors":"Foluso Ishola , Britt McKinnon , Seungmi Yang , Arijit Nandi","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2009, the Dominican Republic's Constitutional Assembly banned abortion under all circumstances, including cases of rape and/or situations in which the mother's health is at risk. Abortion policies have the potential to influence access to reproductive and neonatal health services, health outcomes, and health equity. In this study, we utilized a difference-in-differences approach to evaluate the association between the 2009 abortion reform in the Dominican Republic and neonatal mortality and modern contraceptive utilization. We harmonized data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) between 1999 and 2019 to assemble a panel of 792,165 live births across 17 countries for analyses of neonatal mortality and 417,110 women ages 15–49 across 8 countries for analyses of modern contraceptive use. We compared outcome trajectories in the Dominican Republic to a group of control countries that did not change their abortion policies during the study period and are assumed to represent the counterfactual. Fixed effects for country and year were included to control for unobserved time-invariant confounders that varied across countries and temporal trends that were shared across countries, respectively. We also assessed for heterogeneity by household wealth, rural residency, and educational attainment through a stratified analysis. Over the study period, the rate of neonatal mortality was 27.0 per 1,000 live births and there were 39 per 100 women reporting use of modern contraceptives. Abortion restriction was associated with an additional 6.3 (95 % CI = 2.1, 10.5) neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births and a 9.6 (95 % CI = 4.2, 15.0) percentage-point decrease in modern contraceptive use. Estimates were robust to adjustment for individual, household, and country-level characteristics. However, there is possibility of residual confounding by unmeasured time-varying confounders, such as concomitant policy changes or interventions. Further research into how restrictive abortion policies compound racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic inequities is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"372 ","pages":"Article 117969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Women in UK academic health economics: An evaluation of progress since the 1970s’ [Soc. Sci. Med. Volume 368, March 2025, 117794]","authors":"Sally Sheard, Liza Caruana-Finkel","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117951","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"372 ","pages":"Article 117951"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adams L. Sibley , Sophia M. Bartels , Seth M. Noar , Nisha Gottfredson O'Shea , Kathryn E. Muessig , William C. Miller , Vivian F. Go
{"title":"Mapping the lived experience of rural substance use stigma: A conceptual framework of salient attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors in people who use drugs","authors":"Adams L. Sibley , Sophia M. Bartels , Seth M. Noar , Nisha Gottfredson O'Shea , Kathryn E. Muessig , William C. Miller , Vivian F. Go","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Stigma directly contributes to physical, social, and psychic harm in people who use drugs. Current stigma frameworks privilege perspectives of stigmatizers, discounting the subjective lived experience of the stigmatized. Acknowledging that stigma is a universal phenomenon that manifests locally, we aimed to identify salient stigma-related attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and experiences among people who use drugs in the rural Appalachian region of the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-two people who use drugs residing in rural Ohio participated in qualitative interviews, sharing perspectives on and experiences with substance use stigma. Data were analyzed in three iterative rounds (using Rigorous and Accelerated Data Reduction, reflexive thematic analysis, in-vivo coding and analysis) then summarized in an experiential framework.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>We organize and describe three salient facets of rural substance use stigma shared by participants: manifestations (stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination), outcomes (immediate reactions and personal consequences), and responses (adaptive and maladaptive coping styles). We discuss how these experiences are situated in cultural context and may be shaped by values like family, community, and self-reliance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study provides a conceptual framework for understanding the lived experience of substance use stigma in one sociocultural context. This framework has immediate utility for informing stigma reduction efforts in rural Appalachia and may be adapted to other contexts where the local character of stigma is of theoretical or practical import.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"372 ","pages":"Article 117967"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zuxing Wang , Yu Ye , Yikai Dou , Lili Chen , Zhili Zou
{"title":"Self-harm and interpersonal violence attributable to high alcohol use in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021","authors":"Zuxing Wang , Yu Ye , Yikai Dou , Lili Chen , Zhili Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Self-harm and interpersonal violence are pressing global public health concerns, with high alcohol consumption being a significant contributing factor. This study analyzes global trends of self-harm and interpersonal violence attributable to high alcohol use from 1990 to 2021, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Age-standardized death rates (ASDR) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 to explore the trends of burden. Data were categorized by gender, age groups, regions, and countries, each with a 95 % uncertainty interval (UI). Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) models were used to forecast future trends.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2021, the global ASDR for self-harm and interpersonal violence attributable to high alcohol use was 0.84 (95 % uncertainty interval [UI]: 0.37 to 1.33) and 0.40 (95 % UI: 0.23 to 0.59) per 100,000 population, respectively. Males had consistently higher ASDRs and DALYs than females across all age groups, particularly in the 20–39 age range, where deaths and DALYs peaked for both outcomes. Regionally, Eastern Europe had the highest burden of self-harm, while Central Latin America showed the highest rates of interpersonal violence attributable to high alcohol use. By 2035, ASDR is projected to decrease by 17 % and 21 % for self-harm and interpersonal violence, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Global alcohol-related self-harm and violence declined long-term but stalled during COVID-19, with higher burdens among males and specific age groups, and significant regional disparities. Sustained public health efforts, targeted policies, and innovative interventions are essential to address persistent disparities and future challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"373 ","pages":"Article 117962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“My full-time unpaid role”: Understanding the (extra)ordinary work of founders of rare disease organisations","authors":"Rebecca Dimond, Jamie Lewis","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rare disease organisations can play a crucial role in shaping the medical and scientific landscape. This article draws from interviews with sixteen founders of UK-based, rare disease organisations, all of whom were patients, parents or family members, to understand their experiences and commitment to the organisation and its community. First, we explore the work involved in creating a professional community and addressing the challenge of expert capacity-building for rare diseases. We then utilise the concept of ‘translation’ to emphasise the efforts of founders at an intermediate stage, for example encouraging health professionals to collaborate and realise that a project is achievable. Third, we consider the personal implications for the founders in their efforts to develop and sustain the organisation. Founders' biographies are intimately entwined with the establishment and development of their organisation, and we highlight how they are fundamentally shaped by the necessity of their hard work, skills and passion. Finally, we recognise that although some of the efforts of founders are undervalued both socially and economically, the founders themselves understand their work and role as crucial to the organisation's long-term success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":"372 ","pages":"Article 117958"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}