Social Science & Medicine最新文献

{"title":"From ignorance to awareness: Quality of collaborative governance enhances public awareness of AMR","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In representative democracies, the public administration plays a pivotal role in managing a myriad of public policies. While considerable knowledge exists regarding how public issue awareness influences political competition before policy enactment, its persistence in the administrative aftermath is characterized by much more uncertainty. This study addresses this puzzle within the challenging context of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) governance in Europe, posing the question: How does administrative governance shape public AMR awareness? Drawing on newly collected expert survey data from all EU member states and a recent Eurobarometer survey measuring behavioral aspects related to AMR (N = 26.502), the findings show that different aspects of administrative governance yield mixed results. Notably, there is a strong and positive relationship between the quality of collaborative governance and public awareness. These results underscore the critical role of administrative governance quality in understanding public behavior, particularly in the context of combating AMR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State cigarette taxes, smoking cessation, and implications for the educational gradient in mortality","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recent studies suggest that state policy, such as cigarette tax policy, is associated with variation in the educational gradient in mortality. However, it is unknown whether state cigarette taxes moderate the educational gradient in mortality directly by incentivizing smoking cessation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study uses 20 years of survey data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (N = 89,127 person-years; 751 deaths) merged with administrative data to examine the potential for a single state policy, cigarette taxes, to moderate the education-mortality association through influence on smoking cessation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In mortality analyses, higher cigarette taxes are associated with a weaker educational gradient in mortality among smokers and overall. Smoking cessation analyses show higher state cigarette taxes increase the odds of quitting only for low-educated smokers, such that each $1 increase in taxes results in an additional 0.4 to 1 life years for low-educated smokers. For more educated subgroups, the association between state cigarette taxes and smoking cessation is confounded by broader temporal trends.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>State cigarette taxes have potential to weaken the educational gradient in mortality by attenuating educational disparities in smoking cessation, however their direct effect is only on low-educated smokers. The findings help demonstrate how fundamental cause associations are contingent on state policy and vary over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of cash transfers on health in high-income countries: A scoping review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-income countries use cash transfer programs to mitigate poverty, in part to improve the health of low-income populations and potentially reduce their use of public health care. This review synthesizes evidence from studies that employed experimental or quasi-experimental designs to evaluate the effect of cash transfer interventions on health outcomes or health care utilization in high-income countries. We excluded interventions if they required prior contributions for eligibility, substituted cash transfers for in-kind services, or were contingent on specific health behaviours, and excluded studies published before 1970. We searched 14 academic databases on May 13, 2022 and April 18, 2023, identifying 20,978 unique records. After screening, 164 studies were included. These studies covered interventions in 14 countries, with the largest share from the United States. The most common health outcomes examined were fertility, birth weight, self-rated health, tobacco use, and depression. We classified studies into seven intervention categories and eight health outcome domains, and identified where systematic reviews may be possible. We found relatively few studies examining health care utilization as an outcome and identify this as a knowledge gap. We categorized effects as beneficial or harmful, except for fertility and health care utilization where effects were categorized as increase or decrease. With insufficient consistency of outcomes for meta-analysis, we employed a vote count and sign test to assess the presence of any effect. Across the six relevant health domains, 98 of 130 studies (.75; 95% CI: .67, .82) reported a beneficial median effect, significantly different from the null value of 50% (p = .000). Of 37 studies examining fertility, 23 showed increases (.62; 95% CI: .46, .76) in fertility, which did not clear our threshold for statistical significance using conservative assumptions (p = .094). However, a larger share of studies reported increased fertility for child/family benefits (.69, n = 26) than for employment-related cash transfers (.44, n = 9). Results for health care utilization were evenly distributed (5 increase, 4 inconsistent, 6 decrease), but these are difficult to interpret as outcomes include both preventive and acute care. Our study provides replicable methods to enable future meta-analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk perception and reappraisal during the COVID-19 pandemic in southeast Alaska: Self-identified determinants of risk and protective health behaviors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social and cultural context shapes how communities perceive health, well-being, and risk. Risk reappraisal can occur over time as a product of new information and improved understanding. We investigate risk perception and protective behaviors in Lingít Aaní (Southeast Alaska) during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Surveys were circulated at two time points: (1) April–June 2020, before COVID-19 reached epidemic levels in the region, and (2) November 2020–February 2021. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models were used to analyze how demographic characteristics of the respondent population were related to risk perception. OLS models were again used to predict how individuals engaged in protective behaviors while controlling for risk perceptions. Controlling for demographic characteristics, risk perception increased as age increased for perceived risk of getting sick and dying from COVID-19, males perceived lower risk in general for all tested variables, and Alaska Native respondents perceived higher risk than non-Alaska Native respondents. Controlling for risk perception, results for protective behaviors were mixed; however, the strongest association identified was that knowing someone with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis increased protective behaviors. Between the two time points, risk perceptions increased significantly for variables related to oneself, others, and community members becoming infected with COVID-19. Protective behaviors like traveling less than normal, buying more cleaning products, and engaging in more subsistence gathering significantly increased. Identifying patterns of risk perception and protective behaviors, and especially how they change over time, are critical to developing place-specific public health recommendations, action, and preparedness plans against future infectious threats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of executive function on age-related emotion recognition decline varied by sex","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study delves into the criticality of Emotion recognition (ER) as a pivotal component of social functionality and psychological well-being, focusing on its susceptibility to aging and sex-related differences. Underpinned by the 'frontal aging hypothesis,' which posits a particular vulnerability of executive functions to the aging process, this study aims to unravel the intricate dynamics of how aging influences ER in both sexes, emphasizing the mediating role of executive functions. A cohort of 127 healthy adults underwent the Multi-Modality Emotion Recognition Test mobile application to assess facial ER and cross-modal matching abilities. Comprehensive neuropsychological assessments supplemented this to evaluate various facets of executive function. The analysis indicated a pronounced decline in ER performance among older adults, with no significant sex differences across age groups. However, gender-specific patterns emerged in the aging-ER relationship. For males, cognitive flexibility (β = 0.399, p &lt; 0.001) and inhibition (β = 0.329, p = 0.020) were partial mediators. In females, working memory (β = −0.297, p = 0.023) and selective attention (β = 0.290, p = 0.042) moderated the aging-facial ER link, with inhibition (β = 0.284, p = 0.015) also playing a partial mediating role. Additionally, inhibition (β = 0.194, p = 0.043) moderated the relationship between aging and the female's cross-modal matching. The findings highlight a gender-differentiated impact of executive functions on age-related ER decline. This underscores the need for gender-tailored approaches in enhancing ER, particularly in an aging population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to Grandparents' educational attainment is associated with grandchildren's epigenetic-based age acceleration in the National Growth and Health Study [Soc. Sci. Med. 355 (2024) 117142]","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117373","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142373323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open and opaque? The performativity of open priorities in a Norwegian hospital","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Being open about priority-setting decisions is a central element of frameworks enhancing procedural fairness. While challenges in implementing priority-setting frameworks in general have been reported, few studies have empirically examined how the concept of openness is understood and enacted in the day-to-day functioning of hospitals. This paper explores the operationalisation of the policy of “open priorities”, based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork in a Norwegian hospital in 2022. Drawing on the concept of performativity, the study portrays how the ideal of open priorities translates into everyday practices related to why, for whom and which priorities are to be open. The paper shows how openness was portrayed as a central hospital policy, but was also seen as a source of conflicts, hindering effective governance and reducing public trust. Hence, hospital leaders transformed and diluted the ideal of openness into priority-setting decisions with multiple shields of opaqueness. Through omissions and rewritings of the notion of openness, health leaders enacted performativity. The paper adds to the growing body of knowledge of the multifaceted ways policy ideals are transformed by government institutions in the process of implementation and calls for further exploration of efforts to improve everyday and routinised procedural fairness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food for thought: The intersection between SNAP stigma, food insecurity, and gender","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) helps millions of families with low incomes to afford and purchase food each year. Prior research has noted that welfare stigma—negative stereotypes about people who participate in public assistance programs—can limit SNAP participation. Stigma may also contribute to worse mental health among subgroups like male participants; qualitative evidence suggests males may struggle to accept public assistance benefits due to norms surrounding gender roles. Yet there is little research about who is most likely to experience stigma, how stigma relates to food insecurity, whether this relationship varies by gender identity, and whether stigma is associated with online shopping (which may protect against stigma). To address these gaps, we analyzed a national survey of 1383 SNAP participants about their experiences of SNAP stigma, food insecurity, and online shopping. In adjusted models, we found that male participants had 40% higher odds (95% CI: 1.09–1.80) of reporting any stigma experience compared to female participants. SNAP participants reporting stigma had over three times the odds (OR: 3.54, 95% CI: 2.60–4.81) of reporting food insecurity relative to those not reporting stigma, and male participants reporting stigma had nearly three times higher odds of food insecurity than female participants reporting stigma (OR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.53, 5.66). In addition, stigma was not significantly associated with shopping online or using SNAP benefits online. In this national sample of SNAP participants, male respondents had greater odds of welfare stigma, experiences of stigma were associated with greater odds of food insecurity, male respondents experiencing stigma had greater odds of food insecurity compared to female respondents, and stigma was not associated with online shopping behaviors. Efforts to reframe public assistance may be needed to destigmatize programs like SNAP to both improve program uptake among non-participants and improve health outcomes among participants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of place on multimorbidity: A systematic scoping review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multimorbidity, commonly defined as the co-existence of two or more long-term conditions, is a major global public health challenge with significant impacts for health and social care systems. There is a substantial body of work identifying different individual- and household-level determinants of multimorbidity, yet the role of place-based characteristics in affecting multimorbidity remains limited. This systematic scoping review identifies place-based risk factors for multimorbidity and further synthesises the potential pathways explaining these relationships using longitudinal evidence. By systematically searching seven major databases, such as Medline, Embase, and Web of Science, using relevant search terms (e.g., MeSH) relating to place-based risk factors and multimorbidity, 76 out of 7761 studies were included for evidence synthesis. We include studies exploring the relationship between place-based risk factors and multimorbidity among the general population older than 18 years old in the setting of community-dwelling, primary, and secondary care. We identified 12 types of place-based risk factors, with the impacts of area-level deprivation/SES, pollution, and urban/rurality on multimorbidity being most frequently considered and with the most consistent findings, with people living in more deprived/low SES, highly polluted, or more urbanised areas having increased risks of multimorbidity. Further, the impact of these place-based risk factors on multimorbidity varied according to the operationalisation of the multimorbidity measure. We also identified that the impacts of other types of place-based factors on multimorbidity remain underexplored, such as social cohesion and greenspace. Finally, using these longitudinal findings, we propose a conceptual framework linking place and multimorbidity. We suggest that future studies explore a wider range of place-level environmental exposures and use more precise measures, exploit electronic health records to implement more consistent and reproducible measurements of multimorbidity, moreover, make greater use of longitudinal study designs or analytical approaches better suited to identifying causal processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression risk and resilience in a diverse sample of older adults in the United States","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Living in poor and physically deteriorating neighborhoods is associated with heightened likelihood of experiencing depression. At the same time, not all people experience their neighborhoods in the same way. We predicted and tested the possibility that variability in this association can be explained by the social support that people derive both from their personal networks and other people residing in the same neighborhood, and that this moderation varies by race/ethnicity. Health and Retirement Study data (2018/2020 waves) were used to evaluate the role of individual-level and contextual risk and resilience factors in association with depression among US older non-Hispanic white adults (<em>n</em> = 4,986, mean age 67 years), non-Hispanic black adults (<em>n</em> = 1,342, mean age 65 years), and Hispanic adults (<em>n</em> = 937, mean age 64 years). Four notable findings emerged. First, perceived neighborhood disorder was related to increased depression risk for non-Hispanic white and black participants, but not Hispanic participants. Second, participants residing in census tracts with higher poverty rates were more likely to report depression. Third, non-Hispanic white participants residing in census tracts with greater Hispanic resident density had reduced depression risk. This same pattern was not observed among non-Hispanic black participants. Finally, perceived support from family was associated with reduced depression risk among all participants. These data suggest both individual- and contextual-level sources of risk and resiliency for depression. The implications for theories that seek to explain the relative resilience to neighborhood disorder observed among US Hispanic residents are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49122,"journal":{"name":"Social Science & Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}