Advances in Mechanical Engineering最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
The development of the fuel saving control strategy for 48 V P0 system: Design and experimental investigation 48 V P0 系统节油控制策略的开发:设计与实验研究
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术
Advances in Mechanical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/16878132231222067
Ming Shang, Zhendong Zhang, C. Yin, Kai Li
{"title":"The development of the fuel saving control strategy for 48 V P0 system: Design and experimental investigation","authors":"Ming Shang, Zhendong Zhang, C. Yin, Kai Li","doi":"10.1177/16878132231222067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132231222067","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a fuel consumption reduction control strategy for a newly-developed 48 V P0 mild hybrid electric vehicle and evaluates its fuel economy benefit experimentally. The strategy is designed with rule-based methods and utilizes various functions such as start-stop, torque boost, regeneration, load shift, BSG neutral mode and torque interventions with BSG. Fuel consumption comparison tests are performed in the WLTP cycle between the MHEV and the conventional vehicle. The authors evaluate the performance of specific key functions, analyze the energy flow of the 48 V battery, and calculate the fuel saving rate of the MHEV. The SOC of the 48 V battery is balanced in the WLTP cycle. The total energy charged to the 48 V battery is 378 Wh, of which 82% comes from the regeneration pattern. The total energy discharged from the 48 V battery is 355 Wh, of which 85% is consumed by the load shift pattern (BSG neutral state and Discharging state). The fuel consumption of the MHEV is reduced by 7.9% compared with the conventional vehicle in the WLTP cycle. The start-stop, BSG neutral, and torque interventions with BSG save fuel by 3.8%, 0.9%, and 0.5% respectively. The other hybrid functions save fuel by 2.7%.","PeriodicalId":49110,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139454495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling and analysis of static and dynamic behavior of marine towed cable-array system based on the vessel motion 基于船舶运动的海洋拖曳电缆阵列系统静态和动态行为建模与分析
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术
Advances in Mechanical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/16878132231220353
M. Gharib, Ali Heydari, Mohammad Reza Salehi Kolahi
{"title":"Modeling and analysis of static and dynamic behavior of marine towed cable-array system based on the vessel motion","authors":"M. Gharib, Ali Heydari, Mohammad Reza Salehi Kolahi","doi":"10.1177/16878132231220353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132231220353","url":null,"abstract":"Towing cables are playing a key role in maneuverability of moving or submerged vessels and the supporting vehicles in the ocean. This investigation evaluates the tension strength of the various parts of the marine towing cable and its geometric form under various operating conditions. Thus, the governing equations of the problem are introduced and analyzed first, followed by an examination of the method of solving the problem. We evaluate the cable’s static and dynamic behavior under different operating conditions using a continuous cable method. Then, we introduce and analyze the governing equations of the problem. The static mode comprises three operating conditions: a two-dimensional mode for constant vessel length, a two-dimensional mode for constant hydrophone depth, and a three-dimensional mode for different vessel motion and seawater directions. Dynamic mode operating conditions include vessel acceleration, vessel rotation, and cable tightening. The results show that, if the velocity of the seawater flow is zero, changing the angle of the vessel motion has little effect on the tension force of the cable-array and the length of the cable in the steady-state. It is also found that assuming a constant depth of the cable-array, the maximum tension force of the cable will increase to almost 35 times. However, if the length of the cable-array remains constant, the maximum tension force of the cable increases by around 13 times as the vessel’s speed increases by 5 times.","PeriodicalId":49110,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural optimization of laminated leaf-like piezoelectric wind energy harvesters based on topological method 基于拓扑方法的层状叶片压电风能收集器结构优化
IF 2.1 4区 工程技术
Advances in Mechanical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/16878132231224577
Mingming Wang, Weiyuan Wang, Qiuhong Li
{"title":"Structural optimization of laminated leaf-like piezoelectric wind energy harvesters based on topological method","authors":"Mingming Wang, Weiyuan Wang, Qiuhong Li","doi":"10.1177/16878132231224577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132231224577","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a series of leaf-like piezoelectric elements are proposed by using laminated structure of polypropylene (PP) and Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film to collect wind energy through vortex induced vibration. Topology optimization based on solid isotropic material with penalization method is employed in seeking optimal configurations of the elements. The PP and PVDF layer were set as optimization variables respectively to obtain topological layouts that would be equivalent to maximizes the overall strain energy as the objective function. Four simple shapes of piezoelectric elements with different topological configurations are manufactured and tested in wind tunnel to estimate the energy harvesting capabilities. The experimental results show that the reinforcement optimized long trapezoid model has the highest open-circuit output voltage of 4.01 V and output power of 6.125 μW at the wind speed of 12 m/s. For the optimization of piezoelectric materials, the short trapezoid model can reach the open circuit output voltage of 2.061 V and output power of 1.158 μW. It indicated that the topology optimization can indeed improve the energy harvesting efficiency of the piezoelectric element. However, this method is not universal at present, which means that the external shape of the model will influence the performance of the relevant optimization results.","PeriodicalId":49110,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact-meshing vibration characteristics of high-speed gear systems with Backlash 带隙高速齿轮系统的冲击啮合振动特性
4区 工程技术
Advances in Mechanical Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/16878132231200483
Shiyuan Qi, Yunchao Guan, Yang Liu, Yiqiang Zhang, Guangbin Yu
{"title":"Impact-meshing vibration characteristics of high-speed gear systems with Backlash","authors":"Shiyuan Qi, Yunchao Guan, Yang Liu, Yiqiang Zhang, Guangbin Yu","doi":"10.1177/16878132231200483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132231200483","url":null,"abstract":"The meshing process includes high-speed impact between the teeth. The vibration and noise in the gear transmission become prominent owing to the backlash between gears. Currently, the concentrated mass model is primarily used to analyse the vibration and noise mechanism of gear transmission, and it is difficult to effectively explain high-speed gear collision. In this study, an improved impact vibration model was applied to the meshing state of a high-speed gear. The gear transmission was simplified as a collision vibration system with absolute and traversable boundaries, and the piecewise-smooth dynamics model of the gear system is established. A mapping dynamic analysis method was then used to describe the impact and meshing boundary of gears. The impact-meshing situation of the gear system was observed, and the vibration response of the system under different speeds and loads was analysed using numerical simulation. The results revealed that the main source of the gear vibration was the meshing frequency of a gear pair. The resonance generated by the modulation of the rotation and meshing is the main reason for the long-term impact-meshing phenomenon of the gear transmission system. The results of this study are of great significance as they reveal the vibration characteristics of a high-speed gear transmission system.","PeriodicalId":49110,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135272615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thermal analysis for hydromagnetic flow of Darcy-Forchheimer hybrid nanofluid with velocity and temperature slip effects: Scrutinization of stability and dual solutions 具有速度和温度滑移效应的Darcy-Forchheimer混合纳米流体的磁流热分析:稳定性和双解的检验
4区 工程技术
Advances in Mechanical Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/16878132231209875
Muhammad Asif Memon, Kavikumar Jacob, Hazoor Bux Lanjwani, Umair Khan, El-Sayed M Sherif, Ioan Pop
{"title":"Thermal analysis for hydromagnetic flow of Darcy-Forchheimer hybrid nanofluid with velocity and temperature slip effects: Scrutinization of stability and dual solutions","authors":"Muhammad Asif Memon, Kavikumar Jacob, Hazoor Bux Lanjwani, Umair Khan, El-Sayed M Sherif, Ioan Pop","doi":"10.1177/16878132231209875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132231209875","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores heat transfer characteristics of magnetohydrodynamics water-base silver (Ag) and iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) hybrid nanomaterials flow in a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium induced by a stretching/shrinking surface with impacts of heat sink/source. Moreover, thermal radiation effects and the slip boundary conditions are also incorporated in the given problem. Governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are first altered into the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using suitable similarity transformations. These achieved ODEs are solved by the well-known shooting technique in Maple software to get the required numerical solutions for the variation in different physical parameters. Here, the numerical findings show duality in solutions in case of stretching/shrinking parameter over different ranges of the comprised distinguished parameters. In this regard, the stability analysis is done and the first solution is found stable and physically acceptable, while the second one unstable and physically infeasible. Besides, the skin friction increases for the case of shrinking but it decreases for case of stretching parameter due to the greater impacts of the mass transfer parameter while the heat transfer phenomenon upsurges for the case of shrinking parameter. Moreover, the skin friction, and the heat transfer rise with variation of the suction parameters when the quantity of solid nanoparticles volume fraction is increased.","PeriodicalId":49110,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135714927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental investigation on selective laser melting additive manufacturing of non-ferromagnetic heterogeneous material based on TiNi alloy with Ta coating TiNi合金Ta涂层非铁磁非均相材料选择性激光熔化增材制造实验研究
4区 工程技术
Advances in Mechanical Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/16878132231209669
Hui Long, Weihui Wu, Di Wang, Linqing Liu
{"title":"Experimental investigation on selective laser melting additive manufacturing of non-ferromagnetic heterogeneous material based on TiNi alloy with Ta coating","authors":"Hui Long, Weihui Wu, Di Wang, Linqing Liu","doi":"10.1177/16878132231209669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132231209669","url":null,"abstract":"In order to manufacture non-ferromagnetic heterogeneous material by Selective Laser Melting (SLM), it is necessary to solve the separation problem of non-ferromagnetic mixed powders after SLM forming. This research presents how to resolve this problem using TiNi/Ta mixed powders by ultrasonic vibration screening method and the analysis of SLM manufacturing experiment for non-ferromagnetic heterogeneous material. The purity of TiNi and Ta powders after separation could reach 99.7087%wt% and 98.8501wt% respectively, which both reached a relatively high purity. A TiNi alloy sample with Ta coating and TiNi/Ta gradient transition was manufactured successfully by SLM. The material interface of the sample achieves metallurgical bonding, and the color of the sample profile shows a gradient transition. The EDS analysis shows that the material composition changes from Ta ->Ta/TiNi gradient ->TiNi from surface to inside of the sample. The Ta coating contains over 92.5wt% Ta, and the TiNi matrix contains over 98.69wt% TiNi. Along the powder laying direction, it is difficult to clean the small powder near the solid-powder or solid-solid interfaces made of two different materials, which causes micro polluted areas near the interfaces. This study also provides a new method for integrated manufacturing of TiNi alloy part with Ta coating.","PeriodicalId":49110,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135615373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wear mechanisms of aluminum 5083/6061/7075 with and without T6 treatment 铝5083/6061/7075经T6处理和不经T6处理的磨损机理
4区 工程技术
Advances in Mechanical Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/16878132231201000
Yuh-Ping Chang, Chien-Te Liu, Li-Ming Chu, Huann-Ming Chou
{"title":"Wear mechanisms of aluminum 5083/6061/7075 with and without T6 treatment","authors":"Yuh-Ping Chang, Chien-Te Liu, Li-Ming Chu, Huann-Ming Chou","doi":"10.1177/16878132231201000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132231201000","url":null,"abstract":"The application of hardened aluminum alloys on the drive elements must be safe and reliable, T6 treatment is often used to improve their mechanical properties and dimensional stability. However, the impact of T6 treatment on operating life is not easy to evaluate. Hence, the effects of T6 treatment on the wear of aluminum 5083/6061/7075 were studied by a steel ball on disk tester. The results showed that T6 treatment tended to reduce the values of the friction coefficient about 9%. Moreover, T6 treatment had no significant effect on the frequency of the change of the friction coefficient of 5083 and 6061, but significantly affected that of 7075. T6 treatment can also reduce the size of wear particles about 16%. Based on the results, the wear mechanisms of aluminum 5083/6061/7075 with and without T6 treatment are described in this paper.","PeriodicalId":49110,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135765242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biodegradable materials with FDM technology under the aging effect of solar and saltwater exposure FDM技术在日光和海水老化作用下的可生物降解材料
4区 工程技术
Advances in Mechanical Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/16878132231201297
Ana P Valerga Puerta, Gema Fernandez-Sanz, Fermin Bañon, Severo R Fernandez-Vidal
{"title":"Biodegradable materials with FDM technology under the aging effect of solar and saltwater exposure","authors":"Ana P Valerga Puerta, Gema Fernandez-Sanz, Fermin Bañon, Severo R Fernandez-Vidal","doi":"10.1177/16878132231201297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132231201297","url":null,"abstract":"The durability and degradation of polymers is very important for product design in terms of material choice. The degradation behavior of two biodegradable thermoplastic materials manufactured by 3D printing, Enviro ABS and PLA, was studied. The action of the sun and seawater was simulated to find out how they affect the properties of these materials over a period of 8 weeks. The yield strength, maximum elongation, ultimate tensile strength, and microscopy were analyzed, as well as dimensions and mass changes. These biodegradable materials were studied to conclude whether there is an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional ABS, being one of the most widely used petroleum-based plastics in industry and in fused deposition modeling (FDM) or fused filament fabrication (FFF). PLA showed a weight loss and increase in ultimate tensile stress on degradation by sunlight and a prolonged decrease in ultimate tensile stress on degradation by seawater due to humidity absorption. In contrast, Enviro ABS does not show a noticeable difference between the beginning and the end of the test, which leads to the conclusion that Enviro ABS is a good alternative to conventional ABS without forgetting the environmental effects that are currently involved in the manufacture, recycling and composting of this type of material.","PeriodicalId":49110,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135272429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling and analysis of transition-point disappearance in high-speed railway pantograph-catenary system 高速铁路受电弓-接触网系统过渡点消失建模与分析
4区 工程技术
Advances in Mechanical Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/16878132231210083
Junqing Chen, Jidong Liu, Jinfa Guan, Feng Han, Jiqing Wu, Weirong Chen
{"title":"Modeling and analysis of transition-point disappearance in high-speed railway pantograph-catenary system","authors":"Junqing Chen, Jidong Liu, Jinfa Guan, Feng Han, Jiqing Wu, Weirong Chen","doi":"10.1177/16878132231210083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132231210083","url":null,"abstract":"During the operation of high-speed railway, the transition-point disappearance phenomenon, which is caused by the deformation of pantograph head, poses a safety threat to the pantograph-catenary system. In this study, the analytical model for transition-point disappearance analysis is presented. The instantaneous profile, as well as the deformation process of the pantograph head under different contact force values and positions or different pantograph-head parameters can be solved using the model. Curve equation, force analysis, coordinate axis rotation, and few other methods are adopted to achieve simplified modeling. The proposed modeling method and analysis conclusion provide theoretical support for the permissible contact force range calculation and pantograph-head parameters optimization to prevent transition-point disappearance. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified using both finite element simulation and experimental measurements. Finally, a case analysis for the prevention of transition-point disappearance is conducted, using pantographs with the models CX-GI and DSA250 as examples.","PeriodicalId":49110,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135765241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification method for unsteady friction of tool flank for high efficiency milling cutter 高效铣刀刀面非定常摩擦识别方法
4区 工程技术
Advances in Mechanical Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/16878132231204571
Bin Jiang, Binxu Wang, Peiyi Zhao, Lili Fan, Fan Yang
{"title":"Identification method for unsteady friction of tool flank for high efficiency milling cutter","authors":"Bin Jiang, Binxu Wang, Peiyi Zhao, Lili Fan, Fan Yang","doi":"10.1177/16878132231204571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132231204571","url":null,"abstract":"Under the cutting loads of high efficiency and intermittent, the friction status between the tool flank and transition surface has time-varying characteristics, which directly affects friction and wear performance of the milling cutter. The dynamic distribution of instantaneous friction on tool flank under milling vibration needs to be revealed. In this work, the effect of milling vibration on instantaneous cutting contact relationship between milling cutter and workpiece was researched, a calculation method for the instantaneous friction velocity and friction energy consumption on tool flank was proposed. The variation of instantaneous friction between tool flank and transition surface under milling vibration was identified and evaluated by power spectral entropy and cross-correlation function. A method for identifying the unsteady friction of tool flank was proposed. The response analysis and experimental verification were conducted. The results showed that the frequency domain parameter distribution of friction energy consumption on tool flank had a strong correlation with the wear depth distribution, and was obviously sensitive to the milling parameters. The above models and methods could be used to reveal the influence of key milling process variables on unsteady friction and wear process of milling cutter’s multiple tool flank.","PeriodicalId":49110,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135614075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信