Samantha A Oostlander, Camille Joanisse, Michael S Mulvey, Sarah Fraser, Martine Lagacé, Louise Bélanger-Hardy, Linda Garcia, Annie Robitaille, Margaret Gillis, Jill Courtemanche, Tracey L O'Sullivan
{"title":"Occupational Participation Among Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Samantha A Oostlander, Camille Joanisse, Michael S Mulvey, Sarah Fraser, Martine Lagacé, Louise Bélanger-Hardy, Linda Garcia, Annie Robitaille, Margaret Gillis, Jill Courtemanche, Tracey L O'Sullivan","doi":"10.1177/00084174241287297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00084174241287297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>. The COVID-19 pandemic led to abrupt occupational disruption for all people. However, some populations, like older adults, were disproportionately impacted particularly in the earlier waves. <b>Purpose.</b> The purpose of this study was to explore and understand how the occupational participation of community-dwelling older adults was experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, using the Canadian Model of Occupational Participation (CanMOP) to contextualize findings. <b>Method.</b> Sixty-seven older adults participated in semi-structured interviews from September 2020 to May 2021, 37 of which also participated in a follow-up interview one-year later. <b>Findings.</b> Using reflexive thematic analysis, four themes were generated: (1) experiences of loss are complex and layered for older adults, (2) technology as a medium for occupational participation, (3) risk perception influences return to occupation, and (4) age-related challenges for older adults resuming volunteer work. <b>Conclusion.</b> Increasing frequency and severity of influenza pandemics and other disasters are a global concern, and OTs can use their skillsets to foster participation and expand occupational possibilities for older adults. The CanMOP was a helpful tool to understand the nuances underlying the participation of older adults in this context.</p>","PeriodicalId":49097,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"84174241287297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142373322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lori Rosenberg, Shira Zecharia, Yafit Gilboa, Anat Golos
{"title":"Preparing Adults with Cerebral Palsy to Move from Assisted to Independent Living.","authors":"Lori Rosenberg, Shira Zecharia, Yafit Gilboa, Anat Golos","doi":"10.1177/00084174241274743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00084174241274743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> To evaluate effectiveness of The Greenhouse for autonomy and independence to prepare adults with severe cerebral palsy (CP) for the transition from assisted to independent living. The intervention combines weekly individual sessions using Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation together with weekly group sessions. <b>Method.</b> Seven adults with severe CP ages 23-45 years (M = 35; SD = 10) participated in the 20-week program. An Interrupted Time Series quasi-experimental design was used, assessing the intervention effect over time. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure was administered bi-weekly from baseline to post-intervention to assess activity performance. Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Wheelchair use Confidence scale (WheelCon) and Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA) were administered baseline (4 weeks pre-intervention), mid and post-intervention, using Freidman test. Interviews were conducted four weeks after intervention. <b>Findings.</b> All participants' activity performance improved over time with significant clinical improvement in 95% of COPM goals. Significant improvement was seen in FIM (χ<sup>2 </sup>= 8.07, p = .018) and WheelCon (χ<sup>2 </sup>= 7.18, p = .028) though not in IPA. Participants described being better prepared, however more aware of challenges. <b>Conclusion.</b> The findings suggest the program may be effective to help adults with severe CP attain goals related to independent living and enhance function.</p>","PeriodicalId":49097,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"84174241274743"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Looking Forward to the Next 90 years by Reimagining the Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy Today.","authors":"Brenda Vrkljan","doi":"10.1177/00084174241266379","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00084174241266379","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49097,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"228-232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carrie Anne Marshall, Corinna Easton, Elham Javadizadeh, Julia Holmes, Brooke Phillips, Roxanne Isard
{"title":"Effectiveness of Interventions for Meaningful Activity Participation in Homelessness: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Carrie Anne Marshall, Corinna Easton, Elham Javadizadeh, Julia Holmes, Brooke Phillips, Roxanne Isard","doi":"10.1177/00084174241233519","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00084174241233519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> Meaningful activity participation has been identified as a key outcome of services designed to support individuals during and following homelessness. Little is known about the effectiveness of interventions for promoting this outcome. <b>Purpose.</b> To identify the range and effectiveness of interventions on promoting meaningful activity participation among persons with experiences of homelessness. <b>Method.</b> We conducted a systematic review using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology following PRISMA guidelines including a critical appraisal and narrative synthesis. <b>Findings.</b> Of 12,343 titles and abstracts screened, we included 12 studies. The authors of the included studies primarily used standardized measures of meaningful activity engagement. Critical appraisal scores ranged from 50.0 to 77.8. The most common interventions evaluated in the included studies were psychosocial interventions (<i>n</i> = 6; 50.0%), followed by case management and housing support interventions (<i>n</i> = 4; 33.3%) and Housing First (<i>n</i> = 2; 16.7%). While several interventions demonstrated effectiveness in promoting meaningful activity participation including psychosocial and case management interventions, Housing First, Critical Time Intervention, and a peer support intervention were found to be ineffective for promoting engagement in meaningful activity. <b>Conclusion.</b> Few intervention studies have been conducted that demonstrate effectiveness for promoting participation in meaningful activity for individuals during and following homelessness. Occupational therapy researchers and practitioners can build on existing evidence by developing and evaluating novel approaches by co-designing interventions in collaboration with persons with experiences of homelessness and service providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49097,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"256-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11470713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research Knowledge Translation in Sensory Integration-Based Therapy: Exploring Subjectivity of Clinical Expertise.","authors":"Diane Elizabeth Bird, Tanya Rihtman","doi":"10.1177/00084174231223875","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00084174231223875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> Clinical expertise is the mechanism through which practitioners implement other components of evidence-based practice (EBP). Within occupational therapy practice, intervention approaches that are both closely and loosely aligned with Ayres' Theory of Sensory Integration are widespread, offering a unique opportunity to investigate the subjective nature of clinical expertise in EBP. <b>Purpose.</b> This qualitative study explored motivations to offer sensory integration-based interventions, and factors informing occupational therapists' clinical decision making in relation to an arguably contentious evidence base. <b>Method.</b> Six post-graduate sensory integration trained UK occupational therapists participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed, member-checked and analyzed using thematic coding analysis. <b>Findings.</b> Despite sound understanding of theory and continuous efforts to develop clinical knowledge, non-traditional hierarchies of evidence notably inform clinical decisions. The clinical expertise required for integration of patient preferences, clinical state and circumstances, and research evidence is informed by pragmatic responses to facilitators and barriers across contexts, combined with unique profession-specific identity factors. <b>Implications.</b> While empirical healthcare research is ideally undertaken under controlled conditions, realities of clinical practice are rarely so clear cut. Study findings highlight important subjective factors that are central to real-world research knowledge translation and further understanding of the clinical expertise component of EBP.</p>","PeriodicalId":49097,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"288-298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139486621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Hospital to Home: Validating a Cognitive-Functional Evaluation of Elders (COFEE-HD).","authors":"Yael Zilbershlag","doi":"10.1177/00084174241240226","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00084174241240226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> Increase in hospitalizations of older adults emphasizes the need for efficient hospital discharge planning to enable optimal reentry upon returning home. Yet few assessments offer an extensive picture of the older adult's functional-cognitive state. A comprehensive assessment for discharge planning together with a written summary can be beneficial to the older adult and family. <b>Purpose.</b> This quantitative study compared a modified version of a previously validated tool COFEE (cognitive OT functional evaluation of elders), for use in the hospital, HD (hospital discharge) with standard hospitals assessments. <b>Methods.</b> Of the 77 participants recruited in hospital, home assessments were conducted 4 months later on 64 participants. <b>Findings.</b> The COFEE-HD scores (physical functioning, personal and environmental safety and meta cognitive functioning) were significantly correlated with standard hospital measures and with the home assessment. <b>Implications.</b> The COFEE-HD was found to have a high level of validity in a hospital setting, and the resulting evaluation can provide important insights into function, safety and cognitive function for post-discharge behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":49097,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"244-255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriella Ann Hogan, Karen Elaine Wagner, Erin Tichenor, Tim Barlott
{"title":"An Occupational Perspective on Psychedelic Therapy: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Gabriella Ann Hogan, Karen Elaine Wagner, Erin Tichenor, Tim Barlott","doi":"10.1177/00084174241228678","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00084174241228678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> Interest in the use of psychedelics for mental health therapy is burgeoning. Qualitative research methods are increasingly used to understand patient's experiences; however, there is a lack of literature that explores psychedelic use from an occupational perspective. <b>Purpose.</b> To conduct a scoping review of qualitative literature on the experiences of psychedelic use for the purpose of mental health therapy, through an occupational lens. <b>Key Issues.</b> Wilcock's occupational perspective of health was employed to analyze the use of psychedelics in mental health from an occupational perspective. Despite heterogeneous therapy contexts and substances used, patients reported comparable benefits regarding occupational engagement, such as increased mindfulness and autonomy in <i>doing</i>, a renewed sense of <i>being</i>, greater motivation to grow and <i>become</i>, and an improved sense of connection and <i>belonging</i>. <b>Implications.</b> This review demonstrates how psychedelic use in the context of mental health support can be experienced as a meaningful occupation and may contribute to overall health. In turn, this review highlights the utility of an occupational perspective for \"non-sanctioned\" or stigmatized occupations like psychedelic use, as well as the need for more research on psychedelic use from an occupational perspective. Using an occupational perspective of health can help to de-stigmatize psychedelic use as a meaningful occupation, rather than a deviant one, and shed light on how psychedelics may also positively impact one's participation in everyday life and overall health.</p>","PeriodicalId":49097,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"272-287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janine Farragher, Jane A Davis, Chandra Thomas, Pietro Ravani, Braden Manns, Meghan J Elliott, Brenda R Hemmelgarn
{"title":"Occupational Priorities of People on Hemodialysis Who Participated in Energy Management Education.","authors":"Janine Farragher, Jane A Davis, Chandra Thomas, Pietro Ravani, Braden Manns, Meghan J Elliott, Brenda R Hemmelgarn","doi":"10.1177/00084174241271205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00084174241271205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> People with kidney failure who undergo hemodialysis treatment and experience chronic fatigue identify negative effects on occupational performance and participation as a key aspect of their illness experience. <b>Purpose.</b> To describe the occupational performance and participation problems of people treated with hemodialysis who live with debilitating fatigue. <b>Method.</b> Fifteen participants, who were randomized to participate in an energy management intervention as part of a randomized controlled trial, completed two occupation-based assessments at baseline and chose three priority occupational performance or participation problems to address as goals during the intervention. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics (counts and percentages). <b>Findings.</b> Fifteen participants (mean age 60, 53% male) completed the occupation-based assessments. Participants stated that they wanted or needed more energy for a median of 22 of 55 occupations. Going out for food/drinks (<i>n</i> = 11), going to a movie/concert/performance (<i>n</i> = 10), and food preparation/clean-up (<i>n</i> = 10) were the top occupations for which participants required more energy. Prioritized occupational performance and participation problems most often fell within the household management (14 goals), self-care (6 goals), and hobbies (5 goals) domains. <b>Conclusion.</b> Occupational performance and participation problems are extensive among people treated with hemodialysis who live with debilitating fatigue. There is a clear need for occupation-based interventions that optimize occupational performance and participation in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49097,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"84174241271205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katie Lee Bunting, Kristen Honeybourne, Michelle Wheeler, Susan J Forwell
{"title":"Teaching and Evaluating an Occupational Perspective in Canada: A Descriptive Qualitative Study.","authors":"Katie Lee Bunting, Kristen Honeybourne, Michelle Wheeler, Susan J Forwell","doi":"10.1177/00084174231212759","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00084174231212759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> Occupation is the core domain of occupational therapy, and an occupational perspective is foundational for practice. Research has explored how an occupational perspective is taught. Yet, little has explored the Canadian occupational therapy educational context. There are national differences in core competencies and accreditation standards and nuances in how occupation is defined and what conceptual models are used. As such, a Canadian perspective may offer new understandings of value both within and outside of Canada. <b>Purpose.</b> To understand how, in Canada, educators teach and evaluate student occupational perspectives in entry-level master of occupational therapy programs. <b>Method.</b> This study used a descriptive qualitative design with an interpretive approach. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data from 12 educators from Canadian entry-level occupational therapy programs. Reflexive thematic analysis was used for data analysis. <b>Findings.</b> Five themes were identified: (1) occupational perspectives as pedagogy (2) it's a process, not an end state; (3) \"everybody is involved\": a community of educators; (4) thinking critically; and (5) \"hard to evaluate.\" <b>Conclusion.</b> The complex, dynamic, and contextualized nature of an occupational perspective calls for critical, reflexive, communal, and innovative pedagogical and assessment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":49097,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"194-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11088204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134650259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Innovation and Competency Development in Occupational Therapy Fieldwork During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Monique Gill, Anne Hunt, Andrea Duncan","doi":"10.1177/00084174231190768","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00084174231190768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Occupational therapy clinical education was disrupted because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This introduced both challenges and opportunities in clinical fieldwork education and created a naturalistic opportunity to study the innovations that occurred. <b>Purpose:</b> To identify and describe fieldwork education innovations that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic and understand how these clinical learning contexts impacted competency development in occupational therapy learners. <b>Method:</b> A qualitative multi-case study methodology was used. The participants (<i>N</i> = 28) were occupational therapy learners and preceptors who self-identified as having participated in an innovative fieldwork placement during the pandemic either as a preceptor or learner. Data were collected via in-depth interviews and analyzed to identify cases of innovation. Within and across case analyses were conducted to describe innovations and competencies addressed. <b>Findings:</b> Three cases of fieldwork innovations were identified: (a) Virtual Care; (b) Intrapreneurship; and (c) Administration. The commonly addressed competency domains across the cases were OT Expertise, Excellence in Practice, and Communication and Collaboration. The competency domain, culture, equity, and justice, was only addressed in the virtual care case. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our findings indicate that innovative fieldwork placements can support competency development in occupational therapy; however, this development is complex and contextually based.</p>","PeriodicalId":49097,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"172-182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11088210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9934550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}