Said Hafizullah Fayaz, Nobuyuki Hamajima, Muhammad Kamel Frozanfar, Mohammad Hassan Hamrah, Souphalak Inthaphatha, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiko Yamamoto
{"title":"Factors associated with diabetes mellitus and hypertension among adults in the northern rural area, Afghanistan.","authors":"Said Hafizullah Fayaz, Nobuyuki Hamajima, Muhammad Kamel Frozanfar, Mohammad Hassan Hamrah, Souphalak Inthaphatha, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiko Yamamoto","doi":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18999/nagjms.86.4.564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Afghanistan has an increasing trend of mortality due to non-communicable diseases but most studies were conducted in urban areas. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with diabetes mellitus and hypertension in a rural area in Afghanistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2019 including 373 people who were 18-79 years old and lived in Andkhoy District, Afghanistan. Demographic and lifestyle data was collected by face-to-face interviews after informed consent was obtained. Height, body weight, blood pressure, waist circumference, and blood sugar level were measured by the data collection team. A logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension was 9.7% and 29.5%, respectively. Factors associated with diabetes mellitus were male gender (adjusted OR [AOR]=9.81, 95% CI: 2.48-38.90), family history of diabetes mellitus (AOR=3.84, 95% CI: 1.30-11.38), low physical activity (AOR=4.53, 95% CI: 1.13-18.26), and high waist circumference (AOR=7.93, 95% CI: 2.40-26.20). Snuff users were negatively associated with diabetes mellitus (AOR=0.18, 95% CI: 0.04-0.75). Factors associated with hypertension were the age group of 40-59 years (AOR=4.22, 95% CI: 1.99-8.95) and 60-79 years (AOR=19.83, 95% CI: 7.19-54.71) compared to 18-39 years, family history of hypertension (AOR=2.17, 95% CI: 1.15-4.10), and palaw intake of 3 times per week or more (AOR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.03-3.38). Lifestyle interventions for increasing physical activity should be introduced and health education about snuff usage and salt intake should be promoted in communities in Afghanistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":49014,"journal":{"name":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science","volume":"86 4","pages":"564-577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adolescent thoracic scoliosis due to giant ganglioneuroma: a two-case report and literature review.","authors":"Hoai Thi Phuong Dinh, Yu Yamato, Tomohiko Hasegawa, Go Yoshida, Tomohiro Banno, Hideyuki Arima, Shin Oe, Koichiro Ide, Tomohiro Yamada, Kenta Kurosu, Yukihiro Matsuyama","doi":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.711","DOIUrl":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ganglioneuromas are rare benign tumors that arise from the sympathetic nervous system. The presentation of tumors is variable and associated with adolescent thoracic scoliosis. Herein, we present two case reports and a review of literature. The two cases involved 10 and 13-year-old patients who were asymptomatic for muscle pain or weakness, and ganglioneuromas were incidentally detected through imaging screening. Both patients underwent a two-stage surgery. The first stage involved detachment of the tumor from the spinal cord and simultaneously performing deformity correction surgery from the posterior aspect. The second stage was resection of the ganglioneuroma through the anterior approach without neurological problems. A two-stage surgery was necessary to excise the tumor and correct the deformity, thereby avoiding neurological problems and concurrently establish a pathological diagnosis. Commencing with the posterior approach proved to be safe and was more effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":49014,"journal":{"name":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science","volume":"86 4","pages":"711-719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adenylate cyclase 9 expression level is associated with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and predicts patient prognosis.","authors":"Kayoko Sugino, Masahiro Shibata, Yayoi Adachi, Ikumi Soeda, Takahiro Ichikawa, Takahiro Inaishi, Emi Kanaya, Mitsuro Kanda, Masamichi Hayashi, Norikazu Masuda","doi":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18999/nagjms.86.4.665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adenylate cyclase family members have recently received attention as novel therapeutic targets. However, the significance of adenylate cyclase 9 (ADCY9) in breast cancer has not been elucidated. Here, we evaluated <i>ADCY9</i> expression in breast cancer (BC) cell lines, and polymerase chain reaction array analysis was performed to determine the correlations between <i>ADCY9</i> expression levels and 84 tumor-associated genes. The association of <i>ADCY9</i> messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels in clinical breast cancer specimens with patients' clinicopathological factors and prognosis was evaluated. The database of cancer cell line showed that estrogen receptor-positive and progesterone receptor-positive cells expressed higher <i>ADCY9</i> mRNA levels. <i>ADCY9</i> expression showed positive correlations with several oncogenes, such as <i>TGFB1, CDKN1A,</i> and <i>BAX</i> in the polymerase chain reaction array analysis. We defined the ratio of <i>ADCY9</i> mRNA expression levels in breast cancer and adjacent noncancerous tissues as the \"C/N ratio\". Among 149 patients with BC, estrogen receptor-positive and progesterone receptor-positive patients exhibited higher C/N ratios than estrogen receptor-negative and progesterone receptor-negative patients, respectively. Patients in the lowest C/N ratio quartile experienced shorter prognosis periods. The C/N ratio of <i>ADCY9</i> was found as an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival. Thus, <i>ADCY9</i> expression is high in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, and its low expression indicates a poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":49014,"journal":{"name":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science","volume":"86 4","pages":"665-682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Three-dimensional spiral-shaping method of microcatheter for paraclinoid aneurysms: assessment using silicone models.","authors":"Eiki Imaoka, Masahiro Nishihori, Takashi Izumi, Shunsaku Goto, Yoshio Araki, Kinya Yokoyama, Kenji Uda, Fumiaki Kanamori, Ryuta Saito","doi":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18999/nagjms.86.4.655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selecting an appropriate microcatheter tip shape for paraclinoid aneurysms is difficult. Therefore, we devised an original simple and uniform three-dimensional (3D) spiral-shaping method of microcatheter and validated the characteristics and usefulness of this method for coil embolization of paraclinoid aneurysms using patient-specific silicone models. These silicone models were produced based on clinical data from four patients with four paraclinoid aneurysms that underwent endovascular treatment using the 3D spiral-shaping method. These models were classified into four types: superior, medial, inferior, and lateral corresponding to the aneurysm protrusion and locations (C3 or C2 segments by Fisher's classification). Employing a pulsatile pump setup, two operators assessed the following items: navigation methods (pull and wire guiding), catheterization times, microcatheter tip position in the aneurysm, and the feasibility of inserting a framing coil by simple technique compared with three other shapes (straight, 90, pigtail). Three-dimensional spiral-shaped microcatheter could be placed in the medial and inferior type models of C3 segments and superior type model of C2 segment by the pullback method. Catheterization times using a 3D spiral-shaped catheter were significantly shorter than other shaped ones in the superior type models. No significant difference was found in another silicone model. Three-dimensional spiral- and pigtail-shaped catheters tended to position the tip at the center of the aneurysm. In conclusion, 3D spiral-shaped microcatheter was especially effective for the superior projected aneurysm at the C2 segment. The 3D spiral-shaping method can provide easy and secure navigation of the microcatheter into the paraclinoid aneurysms, ensuring optimal positioning for coil insertion.</p>","PeriodicalId":49014,"journal":{"name":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science","volume":"86 4","pages":"655-664"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A case of peribronchiolar metaplasia of the lung appearing as a solid nodule on computed tomography.","authors":"Yuri Takada, Shota Nakamura, Yoshito Imamura, Shoji Okado, Yuji Nomata, Hiroki Watanabe, Yuka Kadomatsu, Harushi Ueno, Taketo Kato, Tetsuya Mizuno, Iori Kojima, Toyofumi Fengshi Chen-Yoshikawa","doi":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18999/nagjms.86.4.720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peribronchiolar metaplasia is an uncommon lesion characterized by fibrosis and bronchiolar epithelial cell proliferation along the peribronchiolar alveolar walls, primarily in response to bronchiolar and peribronchiolar injuries. Peribronchiolar metaplasia usually appears as ground glass nodules or sub-solid nodules on computed tomography. However, we present an exceptional case of peribronchiolar metaplasia that appeared as a solitary solid nodule on computed tomography. A 62-year-old woman with conjunctival icterus was diagnosed with ampullary cancer and nodal metastasis. A solid predominant nodule (0.7 cm maximum diameter) in the left lower lobe was identified on computed tomography, requiring accurate differentiation between primary lung cancer and pulmonary metastasis. Due to the location, histological confirmation via transbronchial biopsy was not feasible. Hence, the patient underwent surgery for both diagnosis and treatment. The pathological findings revealed the growth of columnar epithelium containing ciliated cells replacing alveolar epithelium in the bronchioloalveolar wall with no malignant component. The final pathological diagnosis of the lesion was peribronchiolar metaplasia. This unique case highlights an atypical presentation of peribronchiolar metaplasia as a solitary solid nodule on computed tomography. Recognizing that peribronchiolar metaplasia can also manifest as solid nodules, as illustrated in our current case, is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":49014,"journal":{"name":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science","volume":"86 4","pages":"720-725"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A newly proposed endoscopic score system to evaluate the entire small bowel and predict the prognosis in Crohn's disease.","authors":"Hitoshi Tanaka, Masanao Nakamura, Takeshi Yamamura, Keiko Maeda, Tsunaki Sawada, Eri Ishikawa, Takashi Hirose, Kota Uetsuki, Tadashi Iida, Yasuyuki Mizutani, Kentaro Yamao, Takuya Ishikawa, Yoji Ishizu, Kazuhiro Furukawa, Takashi Honda, Genta Uchida, Hiroki Kawashima","doi":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18999/nagjms.86.4.608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small bowel stenosis in patients with Crohn's disease leads to abdominal symptoms and can affect prognosis. The Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease for the large bowel has been applied to the small bowel; however, stenosis scoring may be overestimated since it has a long diameter. This retrospective study aimed to devise a new endoscopic scoring system including the small bowel and evaluate whether it predicts the prognosis of Crohn's disease. The study included 103 patients with Crohn's disease at our hospital. We modified the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease and proposed a new scoring system; the modified applied Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease was created by subtracting one point for stricture from the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of the modified applied score for Crohn's disease in predicting disease worsening within 1 year. Results were validated using the log-rank test. For the modified applied score, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for disease worsening within 1 year in 57 cases was 0.850. When the cutoff score was set to 9 points, the sensitivity and specificity were 72.7% and 80.6%, respectively. The log-rank test showed a significant difference (<i>P</i> = 0.027) in the risk of worsening within 1 year between the low (<9 points) and high (≥9 points) score groups. Thus, a higher modified applied Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease may be associated with a significantly increased risk of disease worsening within 1 year.</p>","PeriodicalId":49014,"journal":{"name":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science","volume":"86 4","pages":"608-619"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Greeting from the new editor-in-chief.","authors":"Yuichi Ando","doi":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18999/nagjms.86.4.536","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49014,"journal":{"name":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science","volume":"86 4","pages":"536-537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risk-adapted stereotactic body radiation therapy delivered in four fractions in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Yutaka Masuoka, Takuhito Tada, Shogo Matsuda, Yoshikazu Hasegawa, Kentaro Ishii, Haruo Inokuchi, Keiko Shibuya","doi":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18999/nagjms.86.4.588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Risk-adapted stereotactic body radiation therapy is preferred over conventional radiotherapy at the authors' institution based on the hypothesis that even with a lower than recommended dose, stereotactic body radiation therapy would yield better local control than conventional radiotherapy. This retrospective study was performed to verify the hypothesis. Data from 34 patients with non-small cell lung cancer, who underwent risk-adapted stereotactic body radiation therapy delivered in 4 fractions between 2012 and 2018, were analyzed. The 3-year local control rate for patients receiving 42-44 Gy, 40 Gy, and 32-38 Gy was 80.8%, 75.0%, and 66.7%, respectively. The 3-year overall survival rate was 63.5%, 63.5%, and 40.0%, respectively. Three patients experienced grade 3 toxicities, with no toxicities > grade 3 observed. The results support the use of risk-adapted stereotactic body radiation therapy, both with a relatively high dose and a low dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":49014,"journal":{"name":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science","volume":"86 4","pages":"588-595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between combined use of epidural analgesia and oxytocin administration during labor and offspring outcomes: a narrative review and proposal.","authors":"Asuka Tachi, Yuki Takahashi, Tomomi Kotani","doi":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.549","DOIUrl":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies have suggested that the administration of epidural analgesia (Epi) and oxytocin (OT) during labor affects offspring outcomes. However, the effects of their combined use remain unclear. This article aimed to review the outcomes of offspring exposed to Epi and OT, identify research gaps, and discuss future research directions. We searched the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases to identify studies describing offspring outcomes in the Epi, OT, Epi-OT, and control groups. We included one systematic review, six cohort studies, and one case-control study. The offspring outcomes at birth did not differ between the Epi-OT and Epi groups. In the first hour of life, the pre-feeding and sucking behaviors of the Epi-OT group showed an inverse correlation. At 2 days of age, the breastfeeding behavior and skin temperature patterns differed significantly between the Epi-OT and other groups. At 4 days of age, hyperbilirubinemia was more prevalent in the Epi-OT versus control group. Behavioral scores at 1 month differed little among the Epi-OT, Epi, and control groups. No eligible studies examined 1 month to 1 year of life. From 1 to >13 years of age, the risk of autism spectrum disorder was higher in the Epi and Epi-OT groups versus the control group. Most eligible studies were small and observational without randomization, and the results were inconsistent. Additional large cohort studies of various aspects of offspring development are required to assess the long-term effects of Epi-OT administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":49014,"journal":{"name":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science","volume":"86 4","pages":"549-563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Delayed open-heart operation to remove migrated intracardiac inferior vena cava stents in a living donor liver transplantation recipient: a case report.","authors":"Ying-Cheng Chen, Chong-Chao Hsieh, Po-Hsuan Wu, Lin-An Chen, Jian-Wei Huang, Yu-Ling Huang, Wen-Lung Su, Chiao-Yun Chen, Chin-Su Liu, King-Teh Lee, Wen-Tsan Chang","doi":"10.18999/nagjms.86.4.693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18999/nagjms.86.4.693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracardiac migration of inferior vena cava (IVC) filter or stent is a rare but potentially fatal complication of endovascular venous device placement. There is no consensus whether migrated stents should be surgically removed by open cardiac surgery or retrieved by the percutaneous endovascular route and whether an intervention should be performed immediately or expectantly. Herein, we report a 39-year-old female who received emergent left lobe living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) owing to posthepatectomy liver failure. She underwent angioplasty for IVC stenosis 13 days after her LDLT during which time two IVC stents migrated into right antrum (RA). Because of acute kidney failure, she received perioperative continuous venous-venous hemofiltration. Owing to unstable hemodynamics and impaired liver graft function, an emergent open-heart operation or angiography to remove the migrated metallic stents in the RA was considered very high-risk. After recovery of liver graft and kidney function, she underwent an open-heart surgery to remove the intracardiac migrated IVC stents 40 days after the stent migration and recovered well. Our report is the first to show that a delayed open-heart operation for removal of migrated intracardial IVC stents can be an acceptable choice in selected LDLT recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":49014,"journal":{"name":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science","volume":"86 4","pages":"693-698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}