Acta Neuropsychiatrica最新文献

{"title":"Response to Fagiolini et al. (2023).","authors":"David S Baldwin, Vasilios G Masdrakis","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.59","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"About the paper 'Apathy associated with antidepressants: a systematic review'.","authors":"Andrea Fagiolini","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.58","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.58","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social cognition, emotion regulation and social competence in classical galactosemia patients without intellectual disability.","authors":"Merel E Hermans, Gert J Geurtsen, Carla E M Hollak, Mirian C H Janssen, Janneke G Langendonk, Valerie L V Merckelbach, Esmee Oussoren, Kim J Oostrom, Annet M Bosch","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.61","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.61","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Classical galactosemia (CG) is an inborn error of galactose metabolism. Many CG patients suffer from long-term complications including poor cognitive functioning. There are indications of social dysfunction but limited evidence in the literature. Therefore, this study aims to improve our understanding of social competence in CG by investigating social cognition, neurocognition and emotion regulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive (neuro)psychological test battery, including self and proxy questionnaires, was administered to CG patients without intellectual disability. Social cognition was assessed by facial emotion recognition, Theory of Mind and self-reported empathy. Standardised results were compared to normative data of the general population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 23 patients (aged 8-52) were included in the study. On a group level, CG patients reported satisfaction with social roles and no social dysfunction despite the self-report of lower social skills. They showed deficits in all aspects of social cognition on both performance tests (emotion recognition and Theory of Mind) and self-report questionnaires (empathy). Adults had a lower social participation than the general population. Parents reported lower social functioning, less adaptive emotion regulation and communication difficulties in their children. Individual differences in scores were present.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that CG patients without intellectual disability are satisfied with their social competence, especially social functioning. Nevertheless, deficits in social cognition are present in a large proportion of CG patients. Due to the large variability in scores and discrepancies between self- and proxy-report, an individually tailored, comprehensive neuropsychological assessment including social cognition is advised in all CG patients. Treatment plans need to be customised to the individual patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139098963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytokines in hepatitis C-infected patients with or without opioid maintenance therapy.","authors":"Kristin Nygaard-Odeh, Hedda Soloy-Nilsen, Magnhild Gangsoy Kristiansen, Ole Lars Brekke, Tom Eirik Mollnes, Michael Berk, Jorgen G Bramness, Terje Oiesvold","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2023.56","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Both chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and opioids cause altered blood levels of cytokines. Previous studies have investigated levels of selected groups of cytokines in patients on opioid maintenance treatment. Little is known about the levels of multiple cytokines in patients with chronic HCV infection on opioid maintenance treatment. Our aim was to investigate the cytokine profile in patients with active HCV infection with and without opioid maintenance treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study in an out-patients population included upon referral for antiviral hepatitis C infection treatment. The level of 27 cytokines was measured in serum using multiplex technology. Patients were interviewed using a modified version of the European addiction severity index. Data pertaining to weight, height, current medication, smoking habits, allergies, previous medical history and ongoing withdrawal symptoms were collected. Non-parametric testing was used to investigate differences in levels of cytokines between the two groups. A 3-model hierarchical regression analysis was used to analyse associations between cytokines and confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 120 included patients, 53 were on opioid maintenance treatment. Median duration of opioid treatment was 68.4 months. There were no demographical differences between the two groups other than age. IL-1β was lower and eotaxin-1 higher in the group on opioid maintenance treatment than in the non-opioid group. No other inter-group differences in the remaining cytokine levels were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In HCV infection patients, the impact of chronic opioid administration on peripheral circulating cytokine level is minimal.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of peer non-suicidal self-harm on young adults' urges to self-harm: experimental study.","authors":"Alexandra Pitman, Millie Lowther, Alexandra Pike, Jessica Davies, Angharad de Cates, Joshua E J Buckman, Oliver Robinson","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.51","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.51","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To test the hypothesis that exposure to peer self-harm induces adolescents' urges to self-harm and that this is influenced by individual suggestibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 97 UK-based adults aged 18-25 years with a recent history of self-harm, measuring baseline suggestibility (Resistance to Peer Influence; RPI) and perceived ability to control urges to self-harm (using an adapted item from the Self-Efficacy to Resist Suicidal Action scale; SEASA) before and after two self-harm vignettes featuring named peers from the participant's social network (to simulate exposure to peer non-suicidal self-harm) and after a wash-out exposure. We used paired <i>t</i>-tests to compare mean SEASA scores pre- and post-exposure, and linear regression to test for an association between RPI and change in SEASA scores pre- and post-exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Perceived ability to control urges to self-harm was significantly reduced following exposure to peer self-harm (<i>t</i>(96) = 4.02, <i>p</i> < 0.001, mean difference = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.31, 0.91), but was not significantly different from baseline after exposure to a wash-out. We found no association between suggestibility and change in urges to self-harm after exposure to peer self-harm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings support social influences on self-harm in a sample of young adults, regardless of their individual degree of suggestibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the effects of oxidative stress, inflammation on the pathway of tryptophan/kynurenine in OCD.","authors":"Elif Delen, Cem Ismail Kucukali, Zerrin Karaaslan, Hande Yuceer, Seyma Punar, Mehmet Tolgahan Hakan, Ilhan Yaylim, Elif Ozkok","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.55","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Recent studies have shown that the distribution of the tryptophan/kynurenine pathway (KP) plays a role in the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We aimed to reveal the relationship between CYP1A1 rs464903 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) rs10249788 associated with the KP and interferon gamma (IFN γ) and oxidative stress in OCD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In our study, the serum and DNAs of 150 samples, including 100 OCD patients and 50 controls, were used. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the levels of IFN γ, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), tryptophan, and kynurenine were determined by biochemical methods. AhR rs10249788 and cytochrome P450 family CYP1A1 rs4646903, which interact directly with the KP, were analysed by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism. <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>There were no significant differences between groups in CYP1A1 rs4646903 and AhR rs10249788 while tryptophan and IFN γ were found to be higher in controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001, for both), and TBARS and indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase were found to be higher in OCD (<i>p</i> < 0.001, for both). There were significant correlations between IFN γ and TBARS and GSH-Px (<i>p</i> = 0.028, <i>p</i> = 0.020, respectively) in the OCD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For the first time studied in OCD, it has been shown that IFN γ, tryptophan, oxidative stress parameters, and gene variants of CYP1A1 rs4646903 anAhR rs10249788 are shown effective on the KP.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Running from depression: the antidepressant-like potential of prenatal and pre-pubertal exercise in adolescent FSL rats exposed to an early-life stressor.","authors":"Ashleigh J Whitney, Zander Lindeque, Ruan Kruger, Stephan F Steyn","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.52","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.52","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to answer the questions of whether early-life (perinatal and/or juvenile) exercise can induce antidepressant-like effects in a validated rodent model of depression, and whether such early-life intervention could prevent or reverse the adverse effects of early-life stress in their offspring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male and female Flinders sensitive line rats born to a dam that exercised during gestation, or not, were either maternally separated between PND02 and 16 and weaned on PND17 or not. Half of these animals then underwent a fourteen-day low-intensity exercise regimen from PND22. Baseline depressive-like behaviour was assessed on PND21 and then reassessed on PND36, whereafter hippocampal monoamine levels, redox state markers and metabolic markers relevant to mitochondrial function were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pre-pubertal exercise was identified as the largest contributing factor to the observed effects, where it decreased immobility time in the FST by 6%, increased time spent in the open arms of the EPM by 9%. Hippocampal serotonin and norepinephrine levels were also increased by 35% and 26%, respectively, whilst nicotinic acid was significantly decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that pre-pubertal low-intensity exercise induces beneficial biological alterations that could translate into antidepressant behaviour in genetically susceptible individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134650255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood-brain barrier permeability and electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review.","authors":"Christoffer C Lundsgaard, Krzysztof Gbyl, Poul Videbech","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.48","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.48","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The cause of cognitive side effects after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is largely unknown. Alterations in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) have been considered in several recent ECT studies. We therefore found it worthwhile to perform a systematic review of the literature to examine if electrically induced seizures affect the permeability of the BBB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase were searched 16 November 2022. Studies with a direct measurement of BBB permeability in animals treated with modified electroconvulsive stimulation (ECS) and in humans treated with ECT were included. Synthesis of results was narrative due to the low number of studies and differences in study designs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four animal and two human (31 participants) studies were included. In animals, two studies found increased BBB permeability to some smaller molecules after modified ECS, while the two other studies found marginally increased or unchanged permeability to albumin after treatment. In contrast, the human studies did not find increased BBB permeability to smaller molecules or albumin after ECT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Animal but not human studies support increased BBB permeability to some smaller molecules after electrically induced seizures. However, this conclusion is confined by the low number of studies and the lack of studies applying state-of-the-art methods. More studies using modern approaches to measuring of BBB permeability are warranted.</p><p><strong>Funding and registration: </strong>The study was founded by <i>Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark</i> (grant number 61151-05) and was registered on PROSPERO before data extraction was initiated (CRD42022331385).</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of metabolic syndrome in untreated bipolar disorders: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Qianli Liu,&nbsp;Lan Wang,&nbsp;Fengya Zhen,&nbsp;Cuixia An","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.47","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This cross-sectional study aimed to observe the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in untreated individuals with bipolar disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 125 untreated individuals with bipolar disorders were collected as the study group, and 201 cases from the health examination centre of our hospital were selected as the control group. The participants enrolled were assessed for general demographic data, case characteristics, and metabolic indexes including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of metabolic syndrome in the bipolar disorders group was higher compared to the control group (9.6% VS. 8.5%). After calibrating sex and age data, a significant difference between the two groups was observed (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Diastolic and systolic blood pressure were higher in the bipolar disorders group compared to the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Men with bipolar disorders had a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome than women (14.5% vs. 5.8%). Bipolar disorders, sex, age, and BMI were identified as independent risk factors for metabolic syndrome. No significant difference was found in terms of metabolic index and incidence of metabolic syndrome between individuals with depressive episodes (<i>n</i> = 37) and manic episodes (<i>n</i> = 75).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with bipolar disorders were found to have a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome than healthy individuals. Bipolar disorders, male sex, age, and BMI may contribute to an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the complexity of COVID-19: a multifaceted examination.","authors":"Gregers Wegener","doi":"10.1017/neu.2023.50","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2023.50","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has left an indelible mark on every facet of our existence. In this issue of Acta Neuropsychiatrica, we embark ona comprehensive exploration of the pandemic ’ s multifaceted impact, drawing on the insights gleaned from four recent research papers. These studies illuminate critical dimensions, including the pivotal role of inflammation management in shaping COVID-19 outcomes, the unexpected neurological manifestations it incites, the potential risk of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72015812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}