Acta Neuropsychiatrica最新文献

{"title":"Energetic metabolism in bipolar disorder: from markers to precision therapeutics.","authors":"Magda Malewska-Kasprzak, Monika Dmitrzak-Weglarz, Filip Rybakowski","doi":"10.1017/neu.2026.10101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2026.10101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bipolar disorder (BD) is marked by recurrent mood episodes and functional impairment. Growing evidence implicates mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and metabolic disturbances as important to its pathophysiology, affecting neuronal signalling, synaptic plasticity, and inflammatory pathways.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This review synthesises current evidence linking energetic metabolism to BD, integrates neuroimaging and peripheral biomarker findings, and discusses emerging therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search following PRISMA guidelines was conducted across PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library using 'bipolar disorder', 'energetic metabolism', and 'mitochondria'. Inclusion criteria comprised peer-reviewed human studies, original research, and meta-analyses; paediatric, non-English, dietary, genetic, or comorbidity-focused studies were excluded. Additional manual searches targeted biomarker-specific studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evidence consistently shows impaired oxidative phosphorylation, reduced ATP and phosphocreatine, altered NAD⁺/NADH ratios, and increased oxidative and inflammatory markers in BD. Neuroimaging demonstrates reduced PCr/ATP ratios, elevated lactate, and decreased TCA cycle intermediates, indicating cerebral energy deficits. Peripheral biomarkers: including decreased ETC complex activity, increased MDA and 8-OHdG, altered purinergic enzymes, and elevated mtDNA reflect systemic bioenergetic stress. Emerging interventions targeting mitochondrial cofactors (creatine, CoQ10, carnitine, NAC), metabolic strategies (ketogenic diet), and immunomodulatory or purinergic pathway modulators show promise.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Emerging evidence suggests that systemic bioenergetic dysregulation may contribute to the pathophysiology of BD. Integrating mitochondrial, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers with neuroimaging may enable biologically informed patient stratification and precision therapeutics aimed at restoring energetic homeostasis. Large, standardised multicenter studies are required to translate these findings into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"38 ","pages":"e60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149289496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of ChatGPT responses to common questions about rTMS: can ChatGPT support patient education about rTMS?","authors":"Büşra Kalem, Hatice Gülhan Gülel, Theokritos Veskoukis, Eva Meisenzahl, Milenko Kujovic, Christian Theisen","doi":"10.1017/neu.2026.10100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2026.10100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) and its applications have become a compelling topic in psychiatry. This study aimed to investigate whether the AI chatbot ChatGPT is useful for patient education by evaluating the quality, reliability, and readability of its responses to patient questions about repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five frequently asked questions about rTMS were separately queried to ChatGPT-4 with no follow-up questions. Responses were reviewed by three psychiatrists by using the Global Quality Scale (GQS), DISCERN tool, and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark Criteria. Readability was evaluated by the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and the Gunning Fog, Coleman-Liau, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook Indexes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the quality of ChatGPT responses was moderate to good, with a mean GQS score of 3.69. The mean DISCERN score was 35.33, which is considered poor, and the JAMA Benchmark Criteria score was 0 for all questions. The mean readability score was high (mean grade level, 10.98).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results show that ChatGPT responses to patient questions about rTMS are of acceptable quality and usefulness. However, the reliability and accuracy of the responses are limited, and a high reading level is required to understand them. Although ChatGPT can support patient education about rTMS, it should be used with caution and under guidance from healthcare professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"38 ","pages":"e58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149276184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the roles of socioeconomic status and relevant health correlates (body mass index, diet quality, and inflammation) for neuropsychological function in young adults.","authors":"Naoise Mac Giollabhui, Susan Murray, Olivia C Bishop, Rachel Rovere, Thandwa Mdluli, Tricia Burdo, Dianne Langford, Lauren B Alloy","doi":"10.1017/neu.2026.10099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2026.10099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this cross-sectional analysis, we examined associations between socioeconomic status (SES), body mass index (BMI), inflammation, diet, and cognitive performance. While low SES is associated with lower cognitive scores, the present study investigated whether these variables - specifically BMI, inflammatory biomarkers, and dietary intake - statistically mediate this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The final sample included 109 young adults (mean age = 21.31; 65% female; 45% white). Analyses utilized a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, including the NIH Cognitive Toolbox and Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test, alongside biomarkers of inflammation (Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), and self-reported dietary intake via the National Cancer Institute's Diet History Questionnaire - Third Edition. A pre-registered analysis using bootstrapped standard errors across 5,000 bootstrapped replications in 'lavaan' tested whether (i) associations between SES and executive functioning and episodic memory were statistically mediated by a higher BMI and (ii) associations between BMI and executive functioning and episodic memory were statistically mediated by elevated inflammation and sugar or fat intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BMI did not account for the association between SES and cognition; however, BMI, fat intake, and sugar intake were inversely correlated with cognitive functioning. Sugar intake mediated the association between BMI and cognition, though this finding was not significant after adjusting for covariates. Inflammation did not mediate the relationship between BMI and cognition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results provide support for a link between BMI and cognitive performance and preliminary evidence of a mediating role of sugar intake. Further longitudinal and experimental research is needed to extend these findings and characterize underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"38 ","pages":"e57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) mono-agonists on reward processing in animal models: a systematic review.","authors":"Yang Jing Zheng, Hezekiah Ching Tin Au, Gia Han Le, Sabrina Wong, Kayla M Teopiz, Angela T H Kwan, Joshua D Rosenblat, Rodrigo B Mansur, Taeho Greg Rhee, Heidi Ka Ying Lo, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.1017/neu.2026.10097","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2026.10097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), indicated in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, influences reward processing, integral to disparate mental disorders. Emerging evidence suggests that GLP-1 receptor mono-agonists (GLP-1RAs) are potential treatment strategies for select mental disorders. Herein, we systematically review preclinical research documenting how GLP-1 and GLP-1RAs may impact reward function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant studies were identified through Web of Science, OVID (MedLINE, Embase, PsycInfo), and PubMed from database inception to June 28, 2026. Preclinical research investigating the association between GLP-1 and select GLP-1RAs and reward function was included. Reward functions assessed were food-, drug-, and sexual-related reward.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 66 studies met inclusion and were synthesised herein. Taken together, results indicate that GLP-1 and GLP-1RAs affect measures of food-related, drug-associated, and sexual behaviours. GLP-1 administration was associated with a reduction in food intake and gross locomotor activity with respect to approaching and engaging in reward-seeking behaviours. When locally administered in selected brain regions of evaluated animal models, exenatide was associated with reduced substance use, food seeking, and sexual behaviours (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Similarly, liraglutide was observed to attenuate substance and food-related rewards (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, semaglutide was demonstrated to reduce substance and sucrose intake, while dulaglutide is reported to reduce substance intake (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Extant preclinical findings demonstrate a trend toward reductions in reward-associated behaviours following GLP-1RA administration. Our findings can also provide rationale and impetus for evaluating GLP-1RAs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders characterised by disturbance in hedonic function and behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"38 ","pages":"e55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychological functioning and coping styles in adolescents in residential care with experiences of physical neglect.","authors":"Alejandro Arévalo-Martínez, Carlos Barbosa-Torres, María Elena García-Baamonde, Cristina Soriano-Díaz, Juan Manuel Moreno-Manso","doi":"10.1017/neu.2026.10093","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2026.10093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Physical neglect constitutes an experience of deprivation characterised by the absence of care, supervision, and stimulation, which may affect cognitive development during adolescence and hinder the learning of strategies to cope with demands. This study aimed to analyse coping styles and cognitive performance in adolescents in residential care with physical neglect as the predominant form of maltreatment, as well as to examine the association between both dimensions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational, cross-sectional study included 45 adolescents in residential care, aged between 12 and 16 years, with physical neglect as the predominant type of maltreatment. The instruments used were the Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS), the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome for Children (BADS-C), and the Digit Span and Coding subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants showed a predominance of the non-productive coping style, together with lower-than-expected scores for their age and educational level in selective attention, processing speed, working memory, planning, cognitive flexibility, and inhibition. Lower cognitive and executive performance was related to greater use of the non-productive coping style. In addition, linear regression analyses showed that the global cognitive performance index was significantly associated with the non-productive coping style, even after statistically controlling for sex, age, and polyvictimization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest the importance of jointly considering coping styles and cognitive performance in adolescents in residential care with physical neglect, as well as the potential value of interventions that integrate emotion regulation, executive functions, and problem-solving.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"38 ","pages":"e54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-dose colchicine: a potential augmenting agent in the treatment of refractory mood disorders.","authors":"Ajeet B Singh, David R Skvarc, Juliana Lago, Michael Berk","doi":"10.1017/neu.2026.10098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2026.10098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Treatment-resistant mood disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), remain a significant clinical challenge. A confluence of emerging evidence implicates chronic low-grade inflammation in the pathophysiology of at least a subset of mood disorders, potentially mediating their poor response to traditional therapies. Colchicine, a well-established anti-inflammatory agent used in gout and more recently (at low dose) cardiovascular disease, inhibits microtubule polymerisation and suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Recent advances in immunopsychiatry suggest NLRP3-mediated pathways are key mediators of mood pathology. This hypothesis-generating paper explores how low-dose colchicine may plausibly serve as a novel augmenting agent in refractory mood disorders by targeting these neuroinflammatory pathways. We present mechanistic rationale, integrate preclinical and translational evidence, review long-term safety data and outline biomarker-guided clinical trial proposals.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"38 ","pages":"e56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on oxidative stress in schizophrenia.","authors":"Yağmur Darben Azarsız, Ezgi Sıla Ahi Üstün, Hasan Kaya, Pınar Dumancı, Andaç Uzdoğan, Erol Göka, Aybeniz Civan Kahve","doi":"10.1017/neu.2026.10095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2026.10095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an established treatment for schizophrenia. Oxidative stress has been implicated in its pathophysiology, and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) are widely used markers of lipid peroxidation. However, the effect of ECT on TBARS levels remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare changes in TBARS levels in schizophrenia inpatients receiving ECT plus pharmacotherapy versus pharmacotherapy alone and to examine associations between TBARS levels and clinical variables.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Thirty-eight inpatients with schizophrenia were included (ECT + pharmacotherapy: <i>n</i> = 18; pharmacotherapy only: <i>n</i> = 20). Serum TBARS levels were measured at admission and discharge. Clinical severity was assessed using the Clinical Global Impression and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Non-parametric analyses and multiple linear regression were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TBARS levels did not significantly change from admission to discharge in either the ECT group (median 756.5 vs. 768.5 nmol/L) or the pharmacotherapy group (median 644.0 vs. 693.5 nmol/L). Percentage changes were comparable between groups (9.64% vs. 15.34%). TBARS levels were negatively correlated with age (<i>ρ</i> = -0.441) and illness duration (<i>ρ</i> = -0.333). Regression analysis showed that suicide history was the only significant predictor of TBARS levels (<i>β</i> = -0.402), while treatment modality was not associated with TBARS change.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ECT was not associated with statistically significant changes in TBARS levels; however, these findings should be interpreted cautiously given the exploratory nature of the study, the small sample size, and methodological limitations. The observed associations with clinical variables suggest that oxidative stress markers may have relevance in specific patient subgroups, warranting further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"38 ","pages":"e52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149082043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Clinical and Cognitive Outcomes of rTMS and Vortioxetine in Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Onur Durmaz, Ekin Sönmez Güngör, Sibel Çakıtlı","doi":"10.1017/neu.2026.10092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2026.10092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). Although both repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and vortioxetine have demonstrated procognitive effects, direct comparative evidence remains limited. This study compared the clinical and cognitive outcomes of rTMS and vortioxetine in patients with MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this 8-week naturalistic study, 40 patients with MDD received either rTMS (n = 25) or vortioxetine (n = 15). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Cognitive performance was evaluated with the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D), Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B), Stroop Test, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Longitudinal changes were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. Week-8 outcomes were examined using ANCOVA adjusted for baseline cognitive performance and relevant clinical covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed significant improvements in depressive symptoms and cognitive performance over time, with no significant treatment × time interactions. Baseline cognitive performance strongly predicted week-8 outcomes. Domain-specific differences were observed in executive functioning: vortioxetine showed a modest advantage in WCST performance, whereas rTMS showed a non-significant trend toward better Stroop interference performance. No significant differences were detected in processing speed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>rTMS and vortioxetine were associated with comparable improvements in depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning in patients with MDD. Baseline cognitive status appeared to be a stronger predictor of outcome than treatment modality.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRANSCUTANEOUS AURICULAR VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION INCREASES EMPATHIC CHOICE TOWARD OUTGROUP NEGATIVE EMOTIONS.","authors":"June Christoph Kang","doi":"10.1017/neu.2026.10091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2026.10091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) modulates empathic choice, and whether any such effect differs for ingroup versus outgroup targets, in a single-session behavioural experiment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight healthy East Asian participants were randomly assigned to active taVNS or sham stimulation groups. After 15 minutes of stimulation, participants completed an adapted Empathy Selection Task (EST), choosing to empathize with or describe facial expressions of ingroup (Asian) and outgroup (African) targets displaying negative emotions. Because the design was exploratory and the sample small, a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) with a binomial distribution and logit link, modeling subject-level random intercepts, was used and effects are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sham group showed significantly lower empathic choice than the active group (<i>β</i> = -0.82; OR = 0.44, 95% CI [0.22, 0.90], <i>p</i> = 0.024). The main effect of target ethnicity was non-significant (OR = 0.88, 95% CI [0.60, 1.28], <i>p</i> = 0.494), indicating no detectable baseline ingroup bias. A group × ethnicity interaction (OR = 1.74, 95% CI [1.01, 3.00], <i>p</i> = 0.048) indicated that the taVNS effect was selectively larger for outgroup targets; this pattern survived parametric bootstrap (bootstrap <i>p</i> = 0.022) and Bayesian reanalysis (96.7% of the posterior above zero), though its credible interval narrowly included no effect, marking it as supported but not decisive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>taVNS may increase motivational empathy and selectively enhance empathic choice toward outgroup negative emotions. These exploratory findings are consistent with, but do not directly test, the aversiveness reduction hypothesis, and require replication with autonomic measures and larger samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of sentinel surveillance systems on illicit drug use.","authors":"Sara Correia, Ana Teijeiro, Leonor Varela-Lema, Julia Rey-Brandariz, Cristina Candal-Pedreira, Lucia Martin-Gisbert, Guadalupe García, Carla Guerra-Tort, Samantha King, Jasjit Ahluwalia, Linda B Cottler, Mónica Perez-Rios","doi":"10.1017/neu.2026.10090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2026.10090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify and characterize active national illicit drug use sentinel surveillance systems worldwide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review to identify and characterize active sentinel surveillance systems for illicit drug use worldwide. Inclusion criteria: 1) articles describing or analyzing data from sentinel networks with an established national scope, 2) supported by public agencies, and 3) data accessible via online repositories. We excluded articles on networks which did not have drug surveillance as their main designated objective.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten sentinel surveillance systems targeting recreational drug use at the national level were identified. Even though each has its own structure and functionality, they are often integrated in larger surveillance programs. Although health professionals in emergency departments are the main informants, some systems also include information directly from people who use drugs or from community stakeholders. Systems also varied in their operational characteristics, including reporting frequency and methods used to disseminate findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Having similarities, awareness of these different characteristics makes it possible to improve the design of surveillance systems directed towards illicit drug use monitoring and surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}