Monica B E G Ormerod, Thor Ueland, Monica Aas, Gabriela Hjell, Linn Rødevand, Linn Sofie Sæther, Synve Hoffart Lunding, Ingrid Torp Johansen, Vid Mlakar, Dimitrios Andreou, Torill Ueland, Trine V Lagerberg, Ingrid Melle, Srdjan Djurovic, Ole A Andreassen, Nils Eiel Steen
{"title":"Limited evidence of association between dysregulated immune marker levels and telomere length in severe mental disorders.","authors":"Monica B E G Ormerod, Thor Ueland, Monica Aas, Gabriela Hjell, Linn Rødevand, Linn Sofie Sæther, Synve Hoffart Lunding, Ingrid Torp Johansen, Vid Mlakar, Dimitrios Andreou, Torill Ueland, Trine V Lagerberg, Ingrid Melle, Srdjan Djurovic, Ole A Andreassen, Nils Eiel Steen","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2024.62","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Accelerated ageing indexed by telomere attrition is suggested in schizophrenia spectrum- (SCZ) and bipolar disorders (BD). While inflammation may promote telomere shortening, few studies have investigated the association between telomere length (TL) and markers of immune activation and inflammation in severe mental disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Leucocyte TL defined as telomere template/amount of single-copy gene template (T/S ratio), was determined in participants with SCZ (<i>N</i> = 301) or BD (<i>N</i> = 211) and a healthy control group (HC, <i>N</i> = 378). TL was analysed with linear regressions for associations with levels of 12 immune markers linked to SCZ or BD. Adjustments were made for a broad range of potential confounding variables. TL was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and the immune markers were measured by enzyme immunoassays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A positive association between levels of soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 1A (sTNF-R1) and TL in SCZ (<i>β</i> = 0.191, <i>p</i> = 0.012) was observed. Plasma levels of the other immune markers were not significantly associated with TL in the BD, SCZ or HC groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was limited evidence of association between immune markers and TL in SCZ and BD. The results provide little support for involvement of immune dysregulation, as reflected by current systemic markers, in telomere attrition-related accelerated ageing in severe mental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"37 ","pages":"e4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linda Marie Kai, Lia Parada Iglesias, Kadri Kõiv, Jaanus Harro, Gregers Wegener
{"title":"Ultrasonic vocalisations in the Flinders Sensitive Line rat, a genetic animal model of depression.","authors":"Linda Marie Kai, Lia Parada Iglesias, Kadri Kõiv, Jaanus Harro, Gregers Wegener","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2024.61","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ultrasonic vocalisations (USVs) emitted by rats may reflect affective states. Specifically, 50 kHz calls emitted during juvenile playing are associated with positive affect. Given that depression is characterised by profound alterations in this domain, we proposed that USV calls may configure a suitable tool for assessing depressive-like states. Utilising the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL), a well-established animal model of depression, we assessed USV calls emitted by rats during tickling, a procedure based on juvenile rats' rough-and-tumble play.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Juvenile FSL rats and their control counterparts, the Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) and Sprague Dawley, were submitted to tickling sessions to imitate rats playing behaviour. The rats were tickled daily for 6 weeks starting at PND21. Tickling sessions were recorded for further acoustic analysis of 50 kHz calls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tickling increased 50 kHz calls in all the strains. FSL rats emitted more calls than control strains and exhibited a higher number of flat-trill combination calls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tickling is a robust method for inducing 50 kHz USV calls. Analysing USV calls emitted during tickling configurates a suitable method for studying affective states relevant to depression. FSL rats did not present anhedonia but rather higher reward sensitivity, which may underlie their stress vulnerability.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"37 ","pages":"e3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica embraces full open access: towards a new era of global knowledge sharing.","authors":"Livea Dornela Godoy, Gregers Wegener","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2024.66","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":"37 ","pages":"e2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Narvini Rajen, Hanne Wrengler Velure, Erik Johnsen, Anne-Lise Bjørke-Monsen
{"title":"Impaired folate status in patients with mental disorders.","authors":"Narvini Rajen, Hanne Wrengler Velure, Erik Johnsen, Anne-Lise Bjørke-Monsen","doi":"10.1017/neu.2025.1","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2025.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Folate and cobalamin deficiency or impaired function due to genetic variants in key enzymes have been associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. The aim of this study was to compare folate and cobalamin status in patients admitted to an acute psychiatric unit to patients from primary health care in order to reveal factors which may be important in the follow-up of patients with mental disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anonymous blood samples tested for folate, cobalamin, the metabolic marker total homocysteine (tHcy), creatinine and glomerular filtration rate as well as age and gender in patients admitted to a psychiatric acute unit (<i>n</i> = 981) and patients from primary health care (controls) (<i>n</i> = 32,201) were reviewed retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median serum folate was 18% lower and median serum cobalamin was 11% higher in patients with mental disorders compared to controls. Folate deficiency was associated with 54% higher median tHcy levels among patients with mental disorders compared to controls. The prevalence of folate deficiency was 31% and of cobalamin deficiency 6% in patients admitted to a psychiatric acute unit in a Norwegian hospital in 2024.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Folate, but not cobalamin deficiency, was prevalent in Norwegian patients with mental disorders. The higher tHcy levels in folate-deficient patients with mental disorders indicate an impaired folate metabolism, which might be related to genetic factors, such as polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene. Ensuring a serum folate concentration above 15 nmol/L and a serum cobalamin above 250 pmol/L might improve symptoms in patients with mental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"e11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saba Vasegh, Hakimeh Saadati, Ali Abedi, Sara Mostafalou
{"title":"The effect of azelaic acid on AlCl<sub>3</sub>-induced neurocognitive impairments and molecular changes in the hippocampus of rats.","authors":"Saba Vasegh, Hakimeh Saadati, Ali Abedi, Sara Mostafalou","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2024.55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cognitive function plays a pivotal role in assessing an individual's quality of life. This research aimed to investigate how azelaic acid (AzA), a natural dicarboxylic acid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, affects aluminium chloride (AlCl<sub>3</sub>)-induced behavioural changes and biochemical alterations in the hippocampus of rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two male Wistar rats divided into four groups received distilled water, AzA 50 mg/kg, AlCl<sub>3</sub> 100 mg/kg and AzA plus AlCl<sub>3</sub>, respectively, by oral gavage for 6 weeks. Behavioural changes were evaluated using open-field maze, elevated plus maze, novel object recognition (NOR), passive avoidance task, and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. Also, malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl protein, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AzA significantly affected AlCl<sub>3</sub>-provoked anxiety-like behaviours and learning and memory impairments. It also reduced the toxic effect of AlCl<sub>3</sub> on MDA, carbonyl protein, TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB and GSK-3β status; however, its beneficial effects on AlCl<sub>3</sub>-induced changes of CHOP, BDNF and AChE activity were not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings disclosed that AzA could improve behavioural and cognitive function and almost limit the oxidative stress and neuroinflammation caused by AlCl<sub>3</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristina M Holton, Amy Higgins, Austin J Brockmeier, Mei-Hua Hall
{"title":"Uncovering key predictive channels and clinical variables in the gamma band auditory steady-state response in early-stage psychosis: a longitudinal study.","authors":"Kristina M Holton, Amy Higgins, Austin J Brockmeier, Mei-Hua Hall","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.60","DOIUrl":"10.1017/neu.2024.60","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Psychotic disorders are characterised by abnormalities in the synchronisation of neuronal responses. A 40 Hz gamma band deficit during auditory steady-state response (ASSR) measured by electroencephalogram (EEG) is a robust observation in psychosis and is associated with symptoms and functional deficits. However, the majority of ASSR studies focus on specific electrode sites, while whole scalp analysis using all channels, and the association with clinical symptoms, are rare.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we use whole-scalp 40 Hz ASSR EEG measurements – power and phase-locking factor – to establish deficits in early-stage psychosis (ESP) subjects, classify ESP status using an ensemble of machine learning techniques, identify correlates with principal components obtained from clinical/demographic/functioning variables, and correlate functional outcome after a short-term follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified significant spatially-distributed group level differences for power and phase locking. The performance of different machine learning techniques and interpretation of the extracted feature importance indicate that phase locking has a more predictive and parsimonious pattern than power. Phase locking is also associated with principal components composed of measures of cognitive processes. Short-term functional outcome is associated with baseline 40 Hz ASSR signals from the FCz and other channels in both phase locking and power.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This whole-scalp EEG study provides additional evidence to link deficits in 40 Hz ASSRs with cognition and functioning in ESP, and corroborates with prior studies of phase locking from a subset of EEG channels. Confirming 40 Hz ASSR deficits serves as a candidate phenotype to identify circuit dysfunctions and a biomarker for clinical outcomes in psychosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cajsa Aranäs, Christian E Edvardsson, Lindsay Zentveld, Daniel Vallöf, Sarah Witley, Maximilian Tufvesson-Alm, Olesya T Shevchouk, Jesper Vestlund, Elisabet Jerlhag
{"title":"The combination of a glucagon-like peptide-1 and amylin receptor agonists reduces alcohol consumption in both male and female rats.","authors":"Cajsa Aranäs, Christian E Edvardsson, Lindsay Zentveld, Daniel Vallöf, Sarah Witley, Maximilian Tufvesson-Alm, Olesya T Shevchouk, Jesper Vestlund, Elisabet Jerlhag","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2024.58","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Combining different pharmaceuticals may be beneficial when treating disorders with complex neurobiology, including alcohol use disorder (AUD). The gut-brain peptides amylin and GLP-1 may be of potential interest as they individually reduce alcohol intake in rodents. While the combination of amylin receptor (AMYR) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists have been found to decrease feeding and body weight in obese male rats synergistically, their combined impact on alcohol intake is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Therefore, the effect of the combination of an AMYR (salmon calcitonin (sCT)) and a GLP-1R (dulaglutide) agonist on alcohol intake in rats of both sexes was explored in two separate alcohol-drinking experiments. The first alcohol-drinking experiment evaluated the potential of adding sCT to an ongoing dulaglutide treatment, whereas the second alcohol-drinking experiment examined the effect when adding sCT and dulaglutide simultaneously.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When adding sCT to an ongoing dulaglutide treatment, a reduction in alcohol intake was observed in both male and female rats. However, when combining sCT and dulaglutide simultaneously, an initial reduction in alcohol intake was observed in rats of both sexes, whereas tolerance towards treatment was observed. In both alcohol-drinking experiments, this treatment combination consistently decreased food consumption and body weight in males and females. While the treatment combination did not affect inflammatory mediators, the gene expression of AMYR or GLP-1R, it changed fat tissue morphology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Further investigation needs to be done on the combination of AMYR and GLP-1R agonists to assess their combined effects on alcohol intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the intersection of metabolic and neuropsychiatric health.","authors":"Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2024.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammed Fatih Tabara, Cafer Baris Akar, Mehmet Kadir Atdagi, Mehmet Gurkan Gurok, Murad Atmaca
{"title":"Significant haematological alterations in clozapine-treated patients: prevalence and clinical correlation.","authors":"Muhammed Fatih Tabara, Cafer Baris Akar, Mehmet Kadir Atdagi, Mehmet Gurkan Gurok, Murad Atmaca","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2024.54","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic crucial for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, characterised by its multi-receptor targeting, including serotonin (5-HT2A, 5-HT2C) and dopamine (D1, D2, D3, D4) receptors, among others. This broad mechanism is effective against positive symptoms of schizophrenia with a lower incidence of extrapyramidal side effects. However, clozapine poses significant haematological risks, notably agranulocytosis, necessitating stringent blood monitoring protocols.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study examined haematological parameters in 157 patients on clozapine therapy, analysing the prevalence and clinical correlations of haematological abnormalities such as leucocytosis, thrombocytosis, and alterations in red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed leucocytosis in 36.9% of patients, thrombocytosis in 8.9%, and elevated RDW in 23.6%. Notably, higher clozapine doses were associated with leucocytosis, though no significant correlations were found between clozapine dose, duration of use, and changes in RDW, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, or MPV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study's results underscore the necessity of regular haematological monitoring to mitigate the risks of clozapine therapy while leveraging its therapeutic benefits. Additionally, the study suggests personalised dosing strategies to balance efficacy and safety, particularly in managing clozapine-induced haematological changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Konstantinos Ioannidis, Nathan T M Huneke, Jeremy E Solly, Guilherme Fusetto Veronesi, Charidimos Tzagarakis, Valeria Parlatini, Samuel J Westwood, Cinzia Del Giovane, David S Baldwin, Jon E Grant, Samuele Cortese, Samuel R Chamberlain
{"title":"Placebo and nocebo effects in gambling disorder pharmacological trials: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Konstantinos Ioannidis, Nathan T M Huneke, Jeremy E Solly, Guilherme Fusetto Veronesi, Charidimos Tzagarakis, Valeria Parlatini, Samuel J Westwood, Cinzia Del Giovane, David S Baldwin, Jon E Grant, Samuele Cortese, Samuel R Chamberlain","doi":"10.1017/neu.2024.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2024.52","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Placebo and nocebo effects are widely reported across psychiatric conditions, yet have seldom been examined in the context of gambling disorder. Through meta-analysis, we examined placebo effects, their moderating factors, and nocebo effects, from available randomised, controlled pharmacological clinical trials in gambling disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched, up to 19 February 2024, a broad range of databases, for double-blind randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of medications for gambling disorder. Outcomes were gambling symptom severity and quality of life (for efficacy), and drop outs due to medication side effects in the placebo arms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 16 RCTs (<i>n</i> = 833) in the meta-analysis. The overall effect size for gambling severity reduction in the placebo arms was 1.18 (95%CI 0.91-1.46) and for quality of life improvement was 0.63 (0.42-0.83). Medication class, study sponsorship, trial duration, baseline severity of gambling and publication year significantly moderated effect sizes for at least some of these outcome measures. Author conflict of interest, placebo run-in, gender split, severity scale choice, age of participants or unbalanced randomisation did not moderate effect sizes. Nocebo effects leading to drop out from the trial were observed in 6% of participants in trials involving antipsychotics, while this was less for other medication types.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Placebo effects in trials of pharmacological treatment of gambling disorder are large, and there are several moderators of this effect. Nocebo effects were measureable and may be influenced by medication class being studied. Practical implications of these new findings for the field are discussed, along with recommendations for future clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":48964,"journal":{"name":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}