American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse最新文献_第2页

Assessing factors associated with knowledge of Driving Under the Influence (DUI) penalties. 评估与酒后驾驶（DUI）处罚知识相关的因素。

IF 2.7 3区医学

American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2025.2504152

Zoe Lindenfeld, James Macinko, Jin Yung Bae, Robert Zeithammer, Diana Silver

{"title":"Assessing factors associated with knowledge of Driving Under the Influence (DUI) penalties.","authors":"Zoe Lindenfeld, James Macinko, Jin Yung Bae, Robert Zeithammer, Diana Silver","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2025.2504152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2025.2504152","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of legal sanctions is often framed as a way to deter driving under the influence (DUI). Yet little research has assessed frequent drinkers' knowledge of DUI penalties.Objectives: To assess the general public's knowledge of DUI penalties (an important element of deterrence) in their state and factors associated with more accurate knowledge.Methods: This US-based cross-sectional study used data from a Connect Platform survey of adult drinkers (n = 583, 58.0% male, 41.4% female) that asked their beliefs on the usual DUI fine and jail time penalty in their state, and how much they expected to be charged if imprisoned (jail fee). Responses were compared with data on minimum/maximum DUI penalties that appear in state statutes pertaining to DUI. For fines, responses were considered accurate if within $100 of the penalty on statute, and for jail time, if they matched the penalty on statute. Regression models were used to assess respondent characteristics associated with accurate penalty knowledge.Results: Among respondents, 83.7% and 67.2% underestimated the minimum DUI fine and jail time penalty in their state, respectively, and 8.7% and 19.7% overestimated. Although 75.4% of respondents lived in a state that charged jail fees, less than half were aware of this. No demographic or characteristic was consistently associated with accurate penalty knowledge across regression models (p > .05).Conclusions: The majority of respondents underestimated the DUI penalty in their state and suggest that large-scale campaigns to educate the public on the severity of DUI penalties are warranted.","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early experiences and impacts of a fentanyl powder safer supply program in Vancouver, Canada: a qualitative study. 加拿大温哥华芬太尼粉末安全供应计划的早期经验和影响：一项定性研究。

IF 2.7 3区医学

American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2025.2497800

Andrew Ivsins, Christy Sutherland, Thomas Kerr, Mary Clare Kennedy

{"title":"Early experiences and impacts of a fentanyl powder safer supply program in Vancouver, Canada: a qualitative study.","authors":"Andrew Ivsins, Christy Sutherland, Thomas Kerr, Mary Clare Kennedy","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2025.2497800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2025.2497800","url":null,"abstract":"Background: North America is experiencing an unrelenting overdose crisis driven by a volatile and toxic unregulated drug supply. Safer supply programs, which provide individuals with pharmaceutical-grade alternatives to the unregulated drug supply, have been implemented in various Canadian jurisdictions. While most programs provide tablet hydromorphone, the Safer Alternatives for Emergency Response (SAFER) program in Vancouver, Canada, offers pharmaceutical-grade fentanyl, including a powder formulation for witnessed consumption.Objectives: To explore early experiences among SAFER program participants receiving powder fentanyl.Methods: Qualitative one-on-one interviews were conducted with 18 (12 men, 6 women) people prescribed fentanyl powder from the SAFER program. Interview coding and analysis involved a team-based approach to identify common themes related to program experiences, focusing on impacts on unregulated drug use.Results: Most (13/18; 72%) participants reported reducing unregulated drug use since program enrollment. This was largely attributed to the SAFER fentanyl powder being effective for managing withdrawal, thereby limiting their need to access street-purchased drugs. Additionally, some participants, particularly those prescribed higher doses, suggested that SAFER fentanyl powder, unlike other safe supply medications, was a suitable alternative to street-purchased fentanyl. Participants also reported reduced overdose risk. Operating hours and dosing challenges were barriers to program engagement contributing to continued unregulated drug use for some.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate a number of positive outcomes of the SAFER program and suggest that fentanyl safer supply has the potential to play a useful role in addressing the ongoing overdose crisis.","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychometric properties of the Spanish simultaneous alcohol and cannabis motives measure (S-SMM) and its short form (S-SMM-SF) among young adults. 西班牙酒精和大麻同时动机测量（S-SMM）及其简短形式（S-SMM- sf）在年轻人中的心理测量特性。

IF 2.7 3区医学

American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2025.2484532

Lucía Vélez Pérez, José Carmona Márquez, Bella M González Ponce, Fermín Fernández Calderón

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Spanish simultaneous alcohol and cannabis motives measure (S-SMM) and its short form (S-SMM-SF) among young adults.","authors":"Lucía Vélez Pérez, José Carmona Márquez, Bella M González Ponce, Fermín Fernández Calderón","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2025.2484532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2025.2484532","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Simultaneous Alcohol and Cannabis (SAC) use is associated with greater negative consequences than individual use. Motives to use are robust predictors of alcohol and cannabis consumption, both separately and simultaneously. Despite the recent development of both a SAC motives measure and its short form, no Spanish adaptation is currently available.Objectives: To provide a Spanish adaptation of the full-length and short-form versions of the simultaneous alcohol and cannabis motives measure and to examine its psychometric properties in a sample of young adult SAC users.Methods: A targeted sampling procedure was used to recruit 612 young cannabis users, of whom 479 reported SAC use (18-25 years old [M = 21.01, SD = 2.14]; 36% female). Following adaptation and translation, participants completed the scale, along with measures of frequency of alcohol, cannabis, and simultaneous use, cannabis motives, and alcohol- and cannabis-related negative consequences.Results: Confirmatory factor analyses showed a four-factor structure (conformity, positive effects, calm/coping, and social). Moreover, the results indicated acceptable internal consistency (.70-.88), providing evidence of convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity for most dimensions.Conclusions: The results suggest that both versions of the scale are valuable tools for assessing motives for SAC consumption among young adults. These scales could aid in investigating motives for SAC use and informing interventions to mitigate associated harms.","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcohol administration in studies of human aggression: a methodological review. 酒精在人类攻击研究中的应用：方法学回顾

IF 2.7 3区医学

American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2025.2478391

Alexandra N Brockdorf, Amanda E Baildon, Sarah J Gervais, David DiLillo

{"title":"Alcohol administration in studies of human aggression: a methodological review.","authors":"Alexandra N Brockdorf, Amanda E Baildon, Sarah J Gervais, David DiLillo","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2025.2478391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2025.2478391","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alcohol administration paradigms are widely used to test the effects of alcohol on human aggression. However, methods used to implement alcohol administration designs can vary considerably, with implications for impact and generalizability.Objectives: This review summarizes and critically evaluates design features of alcohol administration studies on aggression to inform protocol development and provide recommendations for reporting practices.Methods: Ninety-seven studies that employed alcohol administration to study the effects of alcohol on interpersonal aggression were coded for methodological features, including the scope of aggressive behavior and sample characteristics, alcohol administration protocols, and elicitation of alcohol-related expectancies.Results: Alcohol administration studies of aggression have used relatively homogenous samples and aggression paradigms, especially laboratory analogues of alcohol-involved physical aggression. In the alcohol condition, researchers tended to induce relatively high intoxication (mean BrAC = 0.08) using a mixed liquor drink, though drinking and absorption periods relevant for breath alcohol concentration when aggression was assessed were less consistent. Almost all studies with a placebo condition (n = 65 out of 69) included beverage features to enhance alcohol-related expectancies and bolster believability, but only a third told placebo participants they received alcohol. Recommendations for reporting are presented in a checklist.Conclusion: This review identifies several future methodological directions, including greater inclusion of underrepresented individuals and types of aggression (e.g. sexual, intimate partner), consistent reporting of alcohol administration procedures, and evaluation of placebo enhancement strategies. Maximizing the rigor and replicability of these designs is essential for efforts to understand and reduce alcohol-related aggression.","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adolescent stress avoidance influences cue-induced heroin seeking and chaperonin gene expression in the dorsal striatum of adult female rats. 青春期应激回避影响成年雌性大鼠背纹状体线索诱导的海洛因寻求和伴侣蛋白基因表达。

IF 2.7 3区医学

American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2025.2469793

Kassandra Looschen, Ann Jeffers, Songjukta Chakraborty, Colin Salisbury, Anastasia Dodge, Mason Hochstetler, Swarup Mitra

{"title":"Adolescent stress avoidance influences cue-induced heroin seeking and chaperonin gene expression in the dorsal striatum of adult female rats.","authors":"Kassandra Looschen, Ann Jeffers, Songjukta Chakraborty, Colin Salisbury, Anastasia Dodge, Mason Hochstetler, Swarup Mitra","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2025.2469793","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2025.2469793","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Females remain underrepresented in opioid use disorder (OUD) research, particularly regarding dorsal striatal neuroadaptations. Chaperonins seem to play a role in opioid-induced neural plasticity, yet their contribution to OUD-related changes in the dorsal striatum (DS) remains poorly understood. Given known sex differences in opioid sensitivity, it is important to determine how chaperonin expression contributes to OUD-related adaptations in females.Objective: To investigate how stressor controllability during adolescence influences heroin self-administration (SA) and responses to drug-paired cues in adult female rats, focusing on differential gene expression of chaperonins in the DS.Methods: Female rats were exposed to stress avoidance training during adolescence. These rats underwent, in adulthood, heroin SA followed by cue-induced seeking tests after early and prolonged abstinence.Results: Heroin intake during SA was similar between stress-avoiding and stress-naïve females (n = 8/group, p = .89). However, stress-avoiding females exhibited reduced drug-seeking behavior in response to drug cues at 14 days of abstinence compared to controls (p < .05; d = 0.99), suggesting a protective effect of stressor controllability. qPCR showed that the gene expression of Hspa5, a heat shock protein, was elevated in the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) of stress-avoiding females (p < .05; Cohen d > 1.0). Hspb1 gene expression was upregulated in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) of stress-avoiding females (p < .05; d > 1.0).Conclusion: These findings suggest that chaperonin dysregulation links opioid exposure and stress avoidance conditions. Increased Hspa5 in the DLS and Hspb1 in the DMS may contribute to the observed behavioral differences supporting further preclinical investigation with clinical implications for stress and OUD.","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

At least four groups of kratom consumers in the United States: latent-class analysis of motivations for kratom use. 在美国，至少有四组kratom消费者：对kratom使用动机的潜在分类分析。

IF 2.7 3区医学

American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2025-03-04 Epub Date: 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2414319

Katherine Hill, Jeffrey M Rogers, Oliver Grundmann, David H Epstein, Kirsten E Smith

{"title":"At least four groups of kratom consumers in the United States: latent-class analysis of motivations for kratom use.","authors":"Katherine Hill, Jeffrey M Rogers, Oliver Grundmann, David H Epstein, Kirsten E Smith","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2414319","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2414319","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Kratom is a plant with alkaloids acting at opioid, serotonergic, adrenergic, and other receptors. Consumers report numerous use motivations.Objectives: To distinguish subgroups of kratom consumers by kratom-use motivations using latent-class analysis.Methods: From July to November 2022, we utilized convenience sampling and surveyed regular kratom consumers (n = 395, 38.1 years (SD 11.2), 54.9% male, 81.3% White) regarding demographics, lifetime and past-year substance use and preferences, substance use disorder history, healthcare barriers, kratom-use motivations, and general health. We used latent-class analysis to identify subgroups by use motivation and calculated conditional probabilities (Pc) for variables in each class.Results: A four-class model best fit our data. The largest class (32.4%) was characterized by the use of kratom for self-treatment of chronic pain (Pc = .91). The smallest class (19.2%) also reported using kratom for self-treatment, but usually as a long-term replacement for other substances (Pc = .75). The other two classes (24.8% and 23.5%) reported using kratom for management of anxiety (Pc = .87-.95) and depressive symptoms (Pc = .61-.89) and for recreation (Pc = .56- .86). These were distinguished from one another by probability of at least moderate kratom use disorder (Pc = .17 vs. .53), with greater probability observed in the class with greater anxiety (Pc = .13 vs. .50) and depressive (Pc = .34 vs. .82) symptom severity and more likely recreational use motivation (Pc = .56 vs. .86).Conclusion: Kratom consumers can be classified by their use motivations. As with other psychoactive substances, the range of motivations is consistent with the range of likely effects. It is not yet clear whether some motivations might indicate the risk of problems.","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"191-203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes in peripheral endocannabinoid levels in substance use disorders: a review of clinical evidence. 物质使用障碍中外周内源性大麻素水平的变化：临床证据综述。

IF 2.7 3区医学

American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2025-03-04 Epub Date: 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2025.2456499

Georgia O Elliott, Gavin N Petrie, Sara L Kroll, Daniel J O Roche, Leah M Mayo

{"title":"Changes in peripheral endocannabinoid levels in substance use disorders: a review of clinical evidence.","authors":"Georgia O Elliott, Gavin N Petrie, Sara L Kroll, Daniel J O Roche, Leah M Mayo","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2025.2456499","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2025.2456499","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The endocannabinoid (eCB) system is a key modulator of stress and reward and is impacted by alcohol and drug use. Recently, the eCB system has been highlighted as a potential novel target in the treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs).Objectives: Understanding how chronic substance use impacts the function of the eCB system can provide a mechanistic rationale for targeting this system in the treatment of SUDs.Methods: A comprehensive review of studies assessing concentrations of eCB ligands N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (anandamide; AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in individuals with a SUD diagnosis was performed using all EBSCO databases, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Methods and results related to eCB concentrations, diagnosis, and other factors (e.g. treatment status) were extracted from papers written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals before May 22, 2024.Results: Fifteen studies were reviewed; three in alcohol use disorder (AUD), three in cannabis use disorder (CUD), four in cocaine use disorder, one in opioid use disorder (OUD) and four across SUDs. Generally, AEA concentrations were usually, but not always, increased in AUD, CUD, OUD, and cocaine use disorder. 2-AG concentrations were measured less often but were increased in CUD and decreased in cocaine use disorder.Conclusions: Studies generally support the hypothesis that chronic substance use can impact eCB levels, most often with increased AEA and decreased (or not quantified) 2-AG concentrations, though results were often conflicting. Variability in methodology and study design may limit generalizability across studies.","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"152-164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The cost-effectiveness of long-term post-treatment peer recovery support services in the United States. 美国长期治疗后同伴康复支持服务的成本效益。

IF 2.7 3区医学

American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2025-03-04 Epub Date: 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2406251

Sierra Castedo de Martell, Margaret Brannon Moore, Hannah Wang, Lori Holleran Steiker, J Michael Wilkerson, Nalini Ranjit, Sheryl A McCurdy, H Shelton Brown

{"title":"The cost-effectiveness of long-term post-treatment peer recovery support services in the United States.","authors":"Sierra Castedo de Martell, Margaret Brannon Moore, Hannah Wang, Lori Holleran Steiker, J Michael Wilkerson, Nalini Ranjit, Sheryl A McCurdy, H Shelton Brown","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2406251","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2406251","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Peer recovery support services (PRSS) have been widely adopted across a variety of settings, but little is known about their economic impact.Objectives: To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of long-term, PRSS delivered after specialty substance use disorder (SUD) treatment (post-treatment), and to describe the development of a free, web-based cost-effectiveness calculator based on this analysis.Methods: Using publicly available data from a variety of sources, post-treatment PRSS were compared to specialty SUD treatment from the societal (broad perspective including costs like participant time) and health systems perspectives (only costs borne by health system), and in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) added and people in recovery. Whenever possible, 2019 data were used to avoid the impacts of COVID-19. Standard willingness-to-pay thresholds and additional treatment episode cost ($17,203.74) were used. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted. Two recovery community organizations (RCOs) were involved in model refinement and calculator development in 2022.Results: Post-treatment PRSS were cost-effective to all thresholds and perspectives: $5,898.60 per QALY and $10,562.08 per person in recovery from the health system perspective, and $3,421.58 per QALY and $6,126.72 per person in recovery from the societal perspective, and post-treatment PRSS remained cost-effective across a variety of conditions in the sensitivity analyses. A cost-effectiveness calculator was developed from the analysis and is available at https://go.uth.edu/cea.Conclusions: In light of finding PRSS cost-effective, the expansion of PRSS across the US should continue, and may be aided by using the cost-effectiveness calculator to estimate tailored results for a specific program.","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"180-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Age patterns and predictors of cannabis initiation among biracial and monoracial U.S. youth. 年龄模式和预测大麻开始在混血儿和单种族的美国青年。

IF 2.7 3区医学

American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2025-03-04 Epub Date: 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2025.2461520

Ai Bo, Alejandro Martinez, Jieni Zhou, Daniel Bauer, Patrece L Joseph, Trenette Clark Goings

{"title":"Age patterns and predictors of cannabis initiation among biracial and monoracial U.S. youth.","authors":"Ai Bo, Alejandro Martinez, Jieni Zhou, Daniel Bauer, Patrece L Joseph, Trenette Clark Goings","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2025.2461520","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2025.2461520","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Understanding cannabis initiation is essential for effective prevention but remains understudied, especially for biracial youth who are disproportionately affected by substance use.Objectives: This study examined age patterns and predictors of cannabis initiation across eight monoracial and biracial groups and explored whether predictor effects varied by age, racialized group, and sex.Methods: Add Health data (n = 12,941, 50% male, baseline mean age = 15.5) were analyzed using discrete-time survival analyses to estimate cannabis initiation probabilities from ages 10-24 by age, racialized group, and other predictors.Results: Cannabis initiation probability followed a quadratic age pattern, increasing from age 10-16 and declining thereafter, with differences by racialized group (p < .05). The highest probabilities of new initiations (at age 16) ranged from lowest to highest as follows: Asian (0.08), Black (0.10), Hispanic (White) (0.12), White (0.15), Biracial White-Indigenous (0.16), Indigenous (0.18), Biracial White-Black (0.19), and Biracial White-Asian (0.25). Age- and race-varying effects were found for peer substance use and parental control (joint Wald test, p < .05). Specifically, peer substance use was positively associated with cannabis initiation during adolescence, peaking in mid-adolescence, with stronger effects for Biracial White-Black and Biracial White-Asian youth than their monoracial peers. The effects of parental control showed complex, group-specific patterns. Family support and religiosity slightly lowered cannabis initiation across racialized groups.Conclusion: These findings highlight distinct cannabis initiation patterns across racialized groups, along with variations in the effects of peer substance use and parental control by age and racialized group.","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"225-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12097290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peer recovery support services: an under-explored policy tool in the substance use crisis. 同伴康复支持服务：药物使用危机中未充分探索的政策工具。

IF 2.7 3区医学

American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2025-03-04 Epub Date: 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2025.2469087

Carol Xu, Zachary Sturman

引用次数: 0