Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Is CT for OCD an underutilized intervention? A review of misconceptions and evidence for efficacy","authors":"Kiran Kaur,&nbsp;Susanne Hoeppner,&nbsp;Ivar Snorrason,&nbsp;Ryan Jacoby,&nbsp;Sabine Wilhelm","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.101016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.101016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive therapy (CT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is often underemphasized, despite accumulating empirical support. This brief communication revisits historical concerns regarding CT, tracing their origins to early trials characterized by poor fidelity to OCD-specific protocols, conceptual overlap between CT and ERP, and the use of generic cognitive techniques that may function as reassurance-like interventions. We reviewed contemporary evidence showing that when CT was delivered using OCD-specific protocols that target maladaptive beliefs (e.g., inflated responsibility, perfectionism, intolerance of uncertainty), outcomes were comparable to ERP. We also examined symptom worsening from two clinical trials and found that CT showed no evidence of systematic symptom deterioration or iatrogenic harm. Clinical and guideline implications are considered, emphasizing that CT should not replace ERP but be recognized as a complementary, evidence-based option. Clarifying misconceptions about CT may reduce barriers to care, broaden access to effective treatment, and support more flexible, patient-centered approaches to OCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147995371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpersonal factors in hoarding disorder: A systematic review of adult attachment style, social support, and loneliness","authors":"Torileigh Matthews,&nbsp;Amy Lunn,&nbsp;Neil Carrigan,&nbsp;Paul M. Salkovskis","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various interpersonal factors have been considered in the understanding of hoarding disorder (HD), with three variables gaining particular attention: adult attachment, social support and loneliness. The review systematically evaluates evidence for these three variables, and how they may interrelate. Peer-reviewed studies and published dissertations that measured HD and one or more of the interpersonal factors via a validated measure were identified from EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus. Quality appraisal for each study was undertaken using a modified Downs and Black checklist. Twenty-six papers met inclusion criteria. The majority employed a cross-sectional design, in clinical and non-clinical samples. Fifteen studies examined attachment, showing that attachment style is relevant but not specific to hoarding disorder. Ten studies examined social support showing reduced social network with a specific difference in terms of perceived support in individuals with HD. Eight studies examined loneliness showing elevated loneliness in individuals with HD, again with some degree of specificity. Interpersonal factors are relevant to understanding HD with perceived support only showing evidence of being disorder specific. Further experimental and qualitative research is warranted to explore the nature and direction of these relationships, and how they may interrelate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100997"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obsessive-compulsive disorder with religious themes: Clinician perspectives on collaboration with clergy in the treatment of religious scrupulosity","authors":"Madeleine N. Fuselier ,&nbsp;Erika S. Trent ,&nbsp;David B. Riddle ,&nbsp;Whitney S. Shepherd ,&nbsp;Katie O'Dunne ,&nbsp;Andrew D. Wiese ,&nbsp;Andrew G. Guzick ,&nbsp;Wayne K. Goodman ,&nbsp;Caitlin M. Pinciotti ,&nbsp;Eric A. Storch","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Experts recommend collaborating with clergy when treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with religious themes (religious scrupulosity) and have suggested various strategies for engaging clergy. However, the frequency with which these strategies are implemented by clinicians providing OCD treatment remains unclear, and little systematically collected evidence is available to guide interactions between clinicians and clergy. Clinicians providing OCD treatment (<em>N</em> = 115) reported how often they collaborate with clergy when treating religious scrupulosity, how useful specific collaborative strategies were, and what barriers they face when collaborating with clergy or incorporating clients' religious values into exposure and response prevention (ERP). Almost half the sample (<em>n</em> = 54) reported having collaborated with a client's religious leader when treating scrupulosity OCD. Of these, most reported their most recent collaboration with clergy was at least “somewhat” helpful (<em>n</em> = 49) and about half reported that the religious leader's counsel was at least “somewhat” consistent with ERP principles (<em>n</em> = 24). Only one reported that their most recent collaboration with clergy was harmful. Clinicians described several barriers to scrupulosity treatment, such as limited awareness of OCD and ERP among clergy, clergy accommodation of OCD symptoms, and clinicians' limited knowledge of religion. While many clinicians providing OCD treatment do not engage clergy, those who do generally find these interactions helpful. Future research should examine how treatment outcomes may be impacted by collaborations with clergy, OCD psychoeducation for clergy, religious literacy training for clinicians, and how to facilitate collaboration between experts in mental health and religion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100998"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-report measures of body dysmorphic disorder and their psychometric properties: A systematic review using COSMIN methodology","authors":"E. Hogg ,&nbsp;C. Causier ,&nbsp;G. Del Prete Ferrucci ,&nbsp;M. Gupta ,&nbsp;A. Stringaris ,&nbsp;G. Krebs","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.101000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.101000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) affects approximately 2% of the general population but often goes undetected and undiagnosed. Valid and reliable measures for assessing BDD are crucial to improve detection and facilitate clinical decision-making. This review is the first to synthesise and critically appraise existing self-report measures of BDD symptom severity.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE®, and PsycINFO databases were systematically searched for studies developing and/or evaluating the psychometric properties of self-report BDD symptom severity measures. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN; Prinsen et al., 2018) framework was used to evaluate psychometric properties and assess the methodological quality of studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-two studies were eligible for inclusion, evaluating 16 self-report measures and four short-form versions. Ten achieved the second highest level of recommendation, demonstrating reasonable evidence for multiple psychometric properties, such as internal consistency and convergent validity. There was variability in the range of psychometric properties explored, with few studies examining cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance or measure error. According to the stringent criteria, much of the evidence was rated low or very low quality. Notably, this was mostly due to a lack of evaluation in BDD samples, rather than measures performing poorly.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A number of self-report questionnaires show promise as valid and reliable tools to assess BDD symptoms. To generate higher quality evidence for their psychometric properties, future research should apply COSMIN recommended methodology, including evaluating measures in individuals with BDD, and assessing under-researched properties such as cross-cultural validity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 101000"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the association between OCPD and OCD: Data from a specialized outpatient clinic","authors":"Jonathan A. Teller ,&nbsp;Haley Ward ,&nbsp;Ashley F. Jennings ,&nbsp;Noelle Arcaro ,&nbsp;John Christman ,&nbsp;Michael G. Wheaton ,&nbsp;Anthony Pinto","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) frequently co-occur, yet the clinical implications of this comorbidity remain unclear. This study investigated the prevalence and association of OCPD in individuals with OCD in a specialized outpatient clinic. We evaluated the Pathological Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Scale (POPS) as a screening tool for OCPD in this population. A sample of 228 patients with a primary DSM-5 OCD diagnosis completed measures of OCD severity, OCPD traits/severity, quality of life, and mood. Results indicated that 25 % of the sample met full DSM-5 criteria for OCPD. POPS scores were positively correlated with OCD symptom severity, depression symptoms, and anhedonia and negatively with quality of life. Controlling for demographic differences, individuals with comorbid OCPD reported greater overall OCPD severity, higher levels of OCPD traits (except Emotional Overcontrol) as well as greater OCD severity but did not differ from those without OCPD on depression symptoms, anhedonia, and quality of life. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that a POPS Total cut score of 178 demonstrated 80 % sensitivity in detecting OCPD within this OCD sample. These results suggest that OCPD traits are common in individuals with OCD and may exacerbate OCD symptoms. The POPS demonstrates utility as a screening tool for OCPD in OCD populations and can aid clinicians in identifying patients who may benefit from further diagnostic evaluation and tailored treatment approaches addressing both OCD and OCPD symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100993"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder and eating disorders: A systematic review","authors":"Sukriye Acar ,&nbsp;Emily Newman ,&nbsp;Gemma Brown ,&nbsp;Imogen Peebles","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and eating disorders (ED) are highly co-occurrent. While the association between OCD and ED has long been studied, there is a lack of review on how OCD is related to ED at a symptom level. The current systematic review aimed to examine how OCD symptoms relate to ED. A protocol was registered on PROSPERO. PsycINFO, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases were searched. Fifty-one studies, mostly cross-sectional, with 15 072 participants met the inclusion criteria. Studies focusing specifically on general obsessions and compulsions revealed that obsessions tend to be more prevalent among individuals with ED, and there was more evidence supporting their association with ED symptoms. OCD subtypes were categorized based on the assessment scale used. The symmetry/exactness and ordering/arranging dimensions of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale; the doubting and slowness dimensions of the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory; the obsessing and ordering dimension of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory; obsessional and the impulses dimensions of the Padua Inventory, and the cleaning/washing dimension of other scales showed more notable associations with ED symptoms compared to other dimensions. Also, obsessive beliefs were found to be related to ED symptoms. The included studies demonstrated that OCD symptoms are linked to eating disorders and behaviours through both cognitive and behavioural components. Particularly, the cognitive aspect of OCD, characterized by obsessions and obsessive beliefs, may play an important role in comorbidity with ED. This review emphasizes the importance of considering symptom-level association between OCD and ED to improve treatment outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100995"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental rotation of body- and non-body stimuli in body dysmorphic disorder","authors":"Anne Möllmann ,&nbsp;Arvid Herwig ,&nbsp;Andreas Johnen ,&nbsp;Jakob Rösch ,&nbsp;Christian Stierle ,&nbsp;Ulrike Buhlmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) experience a discrepancy between their own and others’ perception of their physical appearance. This discrepancy indicates biased body representations. BDD is associated with distortions in cognitive-affective and perceptual body image, such as high body dissatisfaction or aberrant visual processing. Body representations are also used for movements and actions (e.g., symptom behavior). These aspects of action-oriented body representations have not been examined yet. The aim of the current study was to investigate general mental rotation and mental rotation of body versus non-body targets to capture such action-related representations. Sixty-three individuals (<em>n</em> = 35 BDD participants, and <em>n</em> = 28 mentally healthy controls [HC]) were included and performed two mental rotation tasks of non-body and body-stimuli. The results revealed higher mental rotation accuracy in the HC versus BDD group (<em>t</em>(60.57) = 2.61, <em>p</em> = .011, <em>d</em> = .64) in a paper-pencil task with non-body stimuli (i.e., digits) but no significant group (<em>F</em>(1, 61) = .21, <em>p</em> = .650, ω² = .000) or group x stimulus effects in a computerized reaction-time task with body- and non-body stimuli. Bayes Analyses were used to assess the strength of evidence for absence of hypothesized specific effects. Although the conclusion should be interpreted cautiously given methodological factors related to task and participant characteristics, the findings suggest that potential distortions in action-related body representations in BDD may not occur on a general body-related level. They may rather be body part-dependent and warrant further investigation, particularly in relation to disorder-relevant body regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100996"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of mindfulness-based haircuts on individuals affected by trichotillomania and related hair-focused repetitive behavior disorders and their hair-pulling behavior: A pilot study","authors":"Linda Hollatz,&nbsp;Alexander L. Gerlach","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals with Trichotillomania (TTM) or related hair-focused repetitive behaviors engage in recurrent hair pulling that negatively impacts their quality of life. At the same time, hair care remains a central part of their hygiene and beauty routines. This study examined the effects of a mindfulness-based haircut appointment, delivered by trained hair professionals, on pathological hair-pulling behavior. In an open-label intervention study, 43 adult females with TTM completed measures of hair-pulling behavior and maintained hair-pulling diaries for 14 days before and after the appointment. Results showed significant reductions in hair-pulling urges and time spent pulling hair post-appointment, with sustained improvements at 14, 30, and 60 days, as documented in diaries and the Massachusetts General Hospital Hairpulling Scale.</div><div>Furthermore, participants were satisfied with the appointment, attributing this to the empathy and non-judgmental communication exhibited by the hair professionals. These findings suggest that haircut appointments administered with compassion and understanding may significantly reduce hair-pulling behaviors and improve overall well-being. The results underscore the importance of training hair professionals to provide informed, supportive services to individuals affected by TTM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100991"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarifying measurement and construct-level inference in Myers and Abramowitz's review of the inference-based approach","authors":"Frederick Aardema","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100999","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100999"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory over-responsivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case control studies","authors":"Braeden Hysuick-Weik,&nbsp;Blake A.E. Boehme,&nbsp;Holden J. Norrie,&nbsp;Eric D. Tessier,&nbsp;Gordon J.G. Asmundson","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2026.100994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sensory over-responsivity (SOR) refers to distress experienced in response to ordinary sights, sounds, smells, and textures. This SOR has been found to be elevated in OCD. The current systematic review and meta-analysis assessed whether participants with OCD report higher SOR than healthy controls.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Systematic searches were conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed, and Embase. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale served as the tool for evaluating risk of bias. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using Hedges' <em>g</em> to estimate pooled effect sizes. Study heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's <em>Q</em> and quantified with the <em>I</em>² statistic. To evaluate the potential influence of unpublished or missing studies, Egger's regression was applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of <em>k</em> = 6 studies (<em>N</em> = 376 OCD; <em>N</em> = 713 controls) met inclusion criteria. Participants with OCD exhibited significantly higher SOR compared to healthy controls (Hedges’ <em>g</em> = 1.73; 95 % CI [1.22, 2.24], <em>Z</em> = 6.62, <em>p</em> &lt; .001; <em>I</em>² = 76.2 %). An examination of the results for potential bias found no indication of missing or unpublished studies that might have influenced the findings. Risk of bias ratings showed the studies were of moderate to high quality.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>People with OCD show significantly higher SOR than healthy controls, suggesting that heightened sensitivity to external sensory stimuli may be relevant to OCD. Considerable heterogeneity, coupled with the small number of studies, raises some uncertainty about the generalizability of the results. Clinicians might consider SOR in case formulation. Further research is needed to gain a deeper understanding of SOR in other clinical populations.</div></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><div>CRD42024608769.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100994"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}