Journal of Sport and Health Science最新文献

{"title":"Commentary on “International norms for adult handgrip strength: A systematic review of data on 2.4 million adults aged 20 to 100+ years from 69 countries and regions”","authors":"Barbara E. Ainsworth, Zhining Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise-induced extracellular vesicles delay tumor development by igniting inflammation in an immunologically cold triple-negative breast cancer mouse model.","authors":"Agata Mlynska,Neringa Dobrovolskiene,Karolina Suveizde,Gabija Lukaseviciute,Krizia Sagini,Beatriz Martin Gracia,Silvana Romero,Alicia Llorente,Aija Line,Austeja Butkute,Beatrice Gudaite,Tomas Venckunas,Nijole Matuseviciene,Vita Pasukoniene","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101041","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPreclinical studies demonstrate that exercise reduces tumor incidence and growth. Rapid release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) during exercise suggests their potential role as mediators of exercise-induced systemic effects and physiological adaptation. This study investigated the impact of exercise-induced plasma EVs on tumor growth and immune tumor microenvironment in murine models of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): EO771 (a C57BL/6-derived TNBC cell line) and 4T1 (a BALB/c-derived TNBC cell line).METHODSSize exclusion chromatography was used to isolate exercise-induced EVs from plasma of healthy female mice (BALB/c and C56BL/6, n = 30 per strain) that underwent ten 30-min moderate-intensity treadmill running sessions over 2 weeks. Nanoparticle tracking analysis, Western blot, and electron microscopy confirmed the presence of EVs in the samples. Tumor-bearing mice (n = 72 per strain) were administered with exercise-induced EVs before or/and after tumor implantation. Local and systemic immune responses were assessed using flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).RESULTSAdministration of exercise-induced EVs, particularly before tumor implantation, significantly suppressed tumor growth and reduced tumor burden in both TNBC models. In EO771, endpoint tumor volumes were 278-330 mm³ in treated groups compared to 799 mm³ in untreated (p < 0.0001), while in 4T1, treated groups showed volumes of 287-564 mm³ vs. 696 mm³ in untreated (p = 0.0002). Notable differences in tumor-infiltrating lymphoid and myeloid cell subpopulations indicated immunomodulatory effects of exercise-induced EVs, particularly in the 4T1 model, where their continuous administration significantly increased intratumoral cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) T lymphocyte proportion (5.77% vs. 0.90% in untreated, p < 0.0001). Similarly, in the EO771 model, exercise-induced EVs administered before tumor implantation led to a marked rise in intratumoral CD8 T lymphocytes (2.24% vs. 1.08% in untreated, p = 0.0181).CONCLUSIONOur findings indicate that exercise-induced EV treatment elicits a pro-inflammatory antitumor immune response, suggesting a shift of immunologically cold TNBC tumors towards a more inflamed phenotype associated with better outcomes. Our study supports the further investigation of EVs as modulators of antitumor immunity and their potential utility in enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"247 1","pages":"101041"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, grip strength, and grip strength asymmetry with incident musculoskeletal disorders in 406,080 White adults.","authors":"Yuexin Yu,Yulong Tang,Xiangnan Li,Zixin Hu,Li Jin,Jiucun Wang,Shuai Jiang,Hui Zhang,Jing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101040","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent a significant global health burden. While physical activity (PA) and physical fitness are both thought to reduce MSD risk, their independent and joint associations with MSD incidence have not been fully explored. This study investigated the independent and combined effects of PA, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), grip strength (GS), and GS asymmetry on MSD incidence in a large prospective cohort.METHODSWe analyzed data from the UK Biobank cohort (2006-2023), including 406,080 participants aged 37-73 years (age = 55.7 ± 8.2 years, mean ± SD; 53.0% female) who were free of MSD at baseline and during the first 2 years of follow-up. PA, derived from self-reported data and expressed in total metabolic equivalent hours per week (MET-h/week); CRF (watts (W)/kilogram (kg)), measured using a cycling exercise test; and GS (kg), measured by hydraulic hand dynamometer, were included as exposures. GS asymmetry was defined by the left-to-right hand strength ratio. MSD incidence was determined via hospital records. Time-to-event associations were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models with restricted cubic splines to account for non-linear relationships. The analysis was conducted in April 2024.RESULTSOver a median follow-up of 14.7 years, a total of 73,002 incident cases of MSDs were recorded (rheumatoid arthritis: 2923; osteoarthritis: 54,955; degenerative spinal diseases: 15,124). Lower self-reported PA (<4.8 MET-h/week) was associated with increased MSD risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.07, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.07-1.08). Low CRF (<1.7 W/kg; HR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.06-1.13), low GS (<30.0 kg mean GS; HR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.10-1.13), and GS asymmetry (HR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.08-1.13) were also significantly associated with increased MSD risk. Good CRF and GS, and lower GS asymmetry mitigated the higher MSD risk associated with low PA levels.CONCLUSIONLow levels of PA, CRF, GS, and GS asymmetry were associated with a higher risk of incident MSD. Meanwhile, improvements in CRF, GS, and GS balance could help offset the risk of MSD incidence in populations with insufficient PA.","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"101040"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Prevotella copri abundance linked to elevated post-exercise inflammation.","authors":"David C Nieman, Camila A Sakaguchi, James C Williams, Jackie Lawson, Kevin C Lambirth, Ashraf M Omar, Fayaj A Mulani, Qibin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to examine the linkage between gut microbiome taxa and exercise-induced inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five cyclists provided 4 stool samples during a 10-week period and cycled vigorously for 2.25 h at 67% maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) in a laboratory setting. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-exercise, with additional samples collected at 1.5-h, 3-h, and 24-h post exercise. Primary outcomes included stool microbiome composition and alpha diversity via whole genome shotgun (WGS) sequencing (averaged from 4 stool samples) and a targeted panel of 75 plasma oxylipins. A total of 5719 taxa were identified, and the 339 that were present in more than 20% of stool samples were used in the analysis. Alpha diversity was calculated by evenness, and the Analysis of Composition of Microbiomes (ANCOM) differential abundance analysis was performed using Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology-2 (QIIME2). A composite variable was calculated from 8 pro-inflammatory oxylipins generated from arachidonic acid (ARA) and cytochrome P-450 (CYP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ARA-CYP oxylipins were significantly elevated for at least 3-h post-exercise (p < 0.001); they were strongly and positively related to Prevotella copri (P. copri) abundance (R² = 0.676, p < 0.001) and negatively related to gut microbiome alpha diversity (R² = 0.771, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This analysis revealed for the first time a novel, positive relationship between gut microbiome P. copri abundance in cyclists and post-exercise pro-inflammatory oxylipins. These data demonstrate that about two-thirds of the wide variance in inflammation following prolonged and intensive exercise is largely explained by the abundance of a single gut bacterial species: P. copri.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101039"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Should workers be physically active after work? Associations of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels-An individual participant data meta-analysis\" (J Sport Health Sci 14 [2025] 100987).","authors":"Bart Cillekens, Pieter Coenen, Maaike A Huysmans, Andreas Holtermann, Richard P Troiano, Paul Jarle Mork, Steinar Krokstad, Els Clays, Dirk De Bacquer, Mette Aadahl, Line Lund Kårhus, Anette Sjøl, Lars Bo Andersen, Jussi Kauhanen, Ari Voutilainen, Richard Pulsford, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Uri Goldbourt, Annette Peters, Barbara Thorand, Annika Rosengren, Lena Björck, Kyle Sprow, Kristin Franzon, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco, Leila Luján-Barroso, Lars Alfredsson, Martin Bahls, Till Ittermann, Miriam Wanner, Matthias Bopp, Jacob Louis Marott, Peter Schnohr, Børge G Nordestgaard, Knut Eirik Dalene, Ulf Ekelund, Johan Clausen, Magnus T Jensen, Christina Bjørk Petersen, Niklas Krause, Jos Twisk, Willem van Mechelen, Allard J van der Beek","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101037"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits and harms of exercise therapy and physical activity for low back pain: An umbrella review.","authors":"Josielli Comachio, Paula R Beckenkamp, Emma Kwan-Yee Ho, Christina Abdel Shaheed, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Manuela Loureiro Ferreira, Qianwen Lan, Paul Jarle Mork, Andreas Holtermann, Daniel Xin Mo Wang, Paulo H Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this umbrella review was to synthesize the evidence from systematic reviews on the benefits and harms of exercise therapy and physical activity (PA) for the secondary prevention and management of low back pain (LBP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An umbrella review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise therapy and PA in the management and secondary prevention of LBP. A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), including reference lists of relevant reviews, covering studies published between January 1, 2010 and May 20, 2024. Eligible studies were systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials and observational studies, with or without meta-analyses. The primary outcome for secondary prevention was LBP recurrence, while for management, primary outcomes included pain intensity and disability, with adverse events as secondary outcomes. Data were extracted across immediate, short-term, intermediate, and long-term follow-up periods. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework was used to assess the certainty of evidence, and the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews tool (AMSTAR) tool was applied by 2 independent reviewers (JC, QL, and/or DXMW) to evaluate the quality of the included reviews. The study was prospectively registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 70 systematic reviews were included, 43 with meta-analyses, 7 with network meta-analyses, and 20 without meta-analyses. Six (out of 10) reviews with meta-analyses for secondary prevention indicated a small benefit from general exercises and leisure-time PA (low-to-moderate certainty). For LBP management, 35 (out of 36) reviews reported that exercise therapies such as Pilates, motor control, mixed exercise, Tai Chi, water-based exercises, and yoga showed small beneficial effects on pain and disability compared to minimal intervention mainly in the short-term (low-to-moderate certainty). Seven network meta-analyses favored motor control and Pilates over other forms of exercise to reduce pain (low certainty). Adverse events were reported in less than 31% of the reviews, predominantly involving post-exercise soreness and temporary increases in pain, mainly in yoga-related studies. Adverse events were considered minor, and no serious adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is low-to-moderate certainty that exercise therapy and leisure-time PA are beneficial for improving pain and preventing the recurrence of LBP. However, evidence on the potential harms of these interventions is limited, and adverse events related to exercise and PA remain under-investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101038"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise on inflammation, circulating tumor cells, and circulating tumor DNA in colorectal cancer.","authors":"Justin C Brown, Stephanie L E Compton, Andrew Kang, Anjana Jayaraman, L Anne Gilmore, Brian J Kirby, Frank L Greenway, Shengping Yang, Guillaume Spielmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The biological mechanisms by which postdiagnosis physical activity improves disease-free survival in colorectal cancer survivors remain incompletely understood. This trial tested the hypothesis that 12 wk of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, when compared with a control group, would change inflammation, CTCs, and ctDNA in a manner consistent with an improved cancer prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This trial randomized Stages I-III colorectal cancer survivors to 12 wk of home-based moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or a waitlist control group. The co-primary endpoints were high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), secondary endpoints were soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 2 (sTNFαR2) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and the exploratory endpoint was tumor fraction quantified from circulating tumor DNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty subjects were randomized (age = 60.6 ± 10.8 years, mean ± SD; 39 (65%) females; 46 (77%) colonic primary tumor), and 59 (98%) subjects completed the study. Over 12 wk, exercise adherence was 92% (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 86‒99). Exercise improved submaximal fitness capacity (0.36 metabolic equivalents; 95%CI: 0.05‒0.67; p = 0.025) and objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (34.8%, 95%CI: 11.3‒63.1; p = 0.002) compared to control. Exercise did not change hs-CRP (20.9%, 95%CI: -17.1 to 76.2; p = 0.32), IL-6 (11.4%, 95%CI: -7.5 to 34.0; p = 0.25), or sTNFαR2 (-3.6%, 95%CI: -13.7 to 7.7; p = 0.52) compared to control. In the subgroup of subjects with elevated baseline hs-CRP (n = 35, 58.3%), aerobic exercise reduced hs-CRP (-35.5%, 95%CI: -55.3 to -3.8; p = 0.031). Exercise did not change CTCs (0.59 cells/mL, 95%CI: -0.33 to 1.51; p = 0.21) or tumor fraction (0.0005, 95%CI: -0.0024 to 0.0034; p = 0.73). In exploratory analyses, higher aerobic exercise adherence correlated with a reduction in CTCs (ρ = -0.37, 95%CI: -0.66 to -0.08; p = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Colorectal cancer survivors achieved high adherence to a home-based moderate-intensity aerobic exercise prescription that improved fitness capacity and physical activity but did not reduce inflammation or change tumor endpoints from a liquid biopsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101036"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The merit of superimposed vibration for flexibility and passive stiffness: A systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis.","authors":"Daniel Jochum, Andreas Konrad, Lars H Lohmann, Darryl Cochrane, Jörn Rittweger, Viola Vogel, Konstantin Warneke","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to its high relevance in sports and rehabilitation, the exploration of interventions to further optimize flexibility becomes paramount. While stretching might be the most common way to enhance range of motion, these increases could be optimized by imposing an additional activation of the muscle, such as mechanical vibratory stimulation. While several original articles provide promising findings, contradictory results on flexibility and underlying mechanisms (e.g., stiffness), reasonable effect size (ES) pooling remains scarce. With this work we systematically reviewed the available literature to explore the possibility of potentiating flexibility, stiffness, and passive torque adaptations by superimposing mechanical vibration stimulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of 4 databases (Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Public Library) was conducted until December 2023 to identify studies comparing mechanical vibratory interventions with passive controls or the same intervention without vibration (sham) on range of motion and passive muscle stiffness in acute (immediate effects after single session) and chronic conditions (multiple sessions over a period of time). ES pooling was conducted using robust variance estimation via R to account for multiple study outcomes. Potential moderators of effects were analyzed using meta regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 65 studies (acute: 1162 participants, chronic: 788 participants) were included. There was moderate certainty of evidence for acute flexibility (ES = 0.71, p < 0.001) and stiffness (ES = -0.89, p = 0.006) effects of mechanical vibration treatments vs. passive controls without meaningful results against the sham condition (flexibility: ES = 0.20, p < 0.001; stiffness: ES = -0.19, p = 0.076). Similarly, moderate certainty of evidence was found for chronic vibration effects on flexibility (control: ES = 0.64, p = 0.043; sham: ES = 0.65, p < 0.001). Lack of studies and large outcome heterogeneity prevented ES pooling for underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vibration improved flexibility in acute and chronic interventions compared to the stand-alone intervention, which can possibly be attributed to an accumulated mechanical stimulus through vibration. However, studies on biological mechanisms are needed to explain flexibility and stiffness effects in response to specific vibration modalities and timing.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101033"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toe-out landing reduces anterior talofibular ligament strain while maintains calcaneofibular ligament strain in people with chronic ankle instability.","authors":"Xiaoxue Zhu, Feng Wei, Simin Li, Teng Zhang, Peixin Shen, Daniel Tp Fong, Qipeng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) are vulnerable to be torn or ruptured during lateral ankle sprain (LAS), especially in people with chronic ankle instability (CAI). This study aims to determine whether landing with a larger toe-out angle would influence ATFL and CFL strains in people with CAI, aiming to contribute to the development of effective landing strategies to reduce LAS risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty participants with CAI (22 males and 8 females, age: 21.6 ± 1.5 years, height: 175.3 ± 7.1 cm, body mass: 70.8 ± 7.1 kg, mean ± SD) were recruited. Each participant landed on a specialized trap-door device with their unaffected limbs on a support platform and their affected limbs on a movable platform, which could be flipped 24° inward and 15° forward to mimic LAS conditions. Two landing conditions were tested-i.e., natural landing (NL, with natural toe-out angle at landing) and toe-out landing (TL, with toe-out angle increased to over 150% of that under the NL conditions). Kinematic data were captured using a 12-camera motion analysis system, and ATFL and CFL strains were calculated using a 3D rigid-body foot model. Paired sample t tests and Pearson's correlations were used to analyze data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to NL conditions, ATFL strain decreased (p < 0.001, d = 2.42) while CFL strain remained unchanged (p = 0.229, d = 0.09) under TL conditions. The toe-out angle was negatively and strongly correlated with ATFL strain (r = -0.743, p < 0.001) but not with CFL strain (r = 0.153, p = 0.251). Compared to NL conditions, participants exhibit a lower ankle inversion angle (p < 0.001, d = 0.494), a higher plantarflexion angle (p < 0.001, d = 1.101), and no significant difference in external rotation angle (p = 0.571, d = 0.133) under TL conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Toe-out landing may reduce ATFL strain while maintaining CFL strain in people with CAI, thereby reducing the risk of LAS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101035"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative stress and nitric oxide metabolism responses during prolonged high-altitude exposure in preterm born adults.","authors":"Marie Chambion-Diaz, Giorgio Manferdelli, Benjamin J Narang, Guido Giardini, Tadej Debevec, Vincent Pialoux, Grégoire P Millet","doi":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prematurely-born individuals tend to exhibit higher resting oxidative stress, although evidence suggests they may be more resistant to acute hypoxia-induced redox balance alterations. We aimed to investigate the redox balance changes across a 3-day hypobaric hypoxic exposure at 3375 m in healthy adults born preterm (gestational age ≤ 32 weeks) and their term-born (gestational age ≥ 38 weeks) counterparts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resting venous blood was obtained in normoxia (prior to altitude exposure), immediately upon arrival to altitude, and the following 3 mornings. Antioxidant (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)), pro-oxidant (xanthine oxidase (XO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)) enzyme activity, oxidative stress markers (advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) and malondialdehyde (MDA)), nitric oxide (NO) metabolites (nitrites, nitrates, and total nitrite and nitrate (NOx)), and nitrotyrosine were measured in plasma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SOD increased only in the preterm group (p < 0.05). Catalase increased at arrival in preterm group (p < 0.05). XO activity increased at Day 3 for the preterm group, while it increased acutely (arrival and Day 1) in control group. MPO increased in both groups throughout the 3 days (p < 0.05). AOPP only increased at arrival in the preterm (p < 0.05) whereas it decreased at arrival up to Day 3 (p < 0.05) for control. MDA decreased in control group from arrival onward. Nitrotyrosine decreased in both groups (p < 0.05). Nitrites increased on Day 3 (p < 0.05) in control group and decreased on Day 1 (p < 0.05) in preterm group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data indicate that antioxidant enzymes seem to increase immediately upon hypoxic exposure in preterm adults. Conversely, the blunted pro-oxidant enzyme response to prolonged hypoxia exposure suggests that these enzymes may be less sensitive in preterm individuals. These findings lend further support to the potential hypoxic preconditioning effect of preterm birth.</p>","PeriodicalId":48897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport and Health Science","volume":" ","pages":"101034"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}