Archivos Espanoles De Urologia最新文献

{"title":"Heart Rate Variability as a Novel Indicator for Predicting Postoperative Urinary Retention in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Development and Internal Validation of a Predictive Nomogram.","authors":"Yunfan Qin, Xuyang Song, Weike Zhang, Bide Chen","doi":"10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and internally validate a heart rate variability (HRV)-based predictive model for estimating the risk of postoperative urinary retention (POUR) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed clinical data from 237 patients with confirmed BPH who received surgical treatment. Among them, 36 patients (15.2%) developed POUR. Variables showing statistical significance (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in univariate analysis were subsequently entered into a multivariate logistic regression to determine factors independently associated with POUR. Based on the corresponding regression coefficients, a graphical risk prediction tool (nomogram) was constructed. The predictive capability of the model was evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, calibration assessment, and decision curve analysis (DCA), and its robustness was further tested using bootstrap-based internal validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate analysis identified age, prostate volume, standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), and root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) as independent predictors of POUR. The HRV-based nomogram exhibited strong discriminative performance, achieving an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.894 (95% CI: 0.833-0.956), with sensitivity and specificity of 0.861 and 0.806, respectively. Internal validation showed a comparable AUC of 0.884, indicating good model stability. The calibration curve indicated close alignment between predicted and actual outcomes (χ² = 11.801) and a Brier score of 0.075, confirming precise calibration. DCA demonstrated that the model provided a favourable net clinical benefit over a broad range of probability thresholds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The HRV-based nomogram established in this study accurately predicts POUR in patients with BPH. By integrating autonomic function indicators with clinical parameters, the model demonstrates strong predictive power and clinical utility, offering an effective tool for early identification and individualised management of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":48852,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Espanoles De Urologia","volume":"79 3","pages":"469-475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Inflammatory and Nutritional Biomarkers with Pathological Response in Patients with Muscle-invasive Bladder Carcinoma Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.","authors":"Sonsoles Navarro-Jiménez, Pedro Carrión-López, Marta Victoria Lorenzo-Sánchez, María Amalia Tárraga-Honrubia, Inmaculada Díaz-de-Mera-Sánchez-Migallón, José Miguel Giménez-Bachs, Antonio Santiago Salinas-Sánchez","doi":"10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.48","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bladder cancer is a prevalent urological malignancy, highlighting the need for prognostic biomarkers to optimise and individualise treatment strategies. This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of preoperative inflammatory and nutritional markers in patients with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy (RC), focusing on pathological response and survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study included 133 patients with non-metastatic MIBC treated with NAC and RC between July 2011 and December 2024. Preoperative inflammatory and nutritional indices, including neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), total lymphocyte count (TLC), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and nutritional prognostic index (NPI), were analysed and correlated with pathological response (complete, partial, or no response/progression).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hematologic indices were associated with pathological response. Specifically, TLC (<i>p</i> <0.001), NLR (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and PLR (<i>p</i> = 0.006) were reduced in patients with cRP. Conversely, patients with elevated LMR values had a high percentage of complete pathological response (cPR) (<i>p</i> = 0.008). Elevated SII and low NPI were associated with poor pathological response (<i>p</i> <0.05) and survival. Patients with SII values below 535,000 showed higher mean survival compared with those with SII ≥ 535,000 (<i>p</i> <0.001), and patients with NPI ≥ 47 had a higher median survival compared with those with NPI <47 (<i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inflammatory and nutritional factors are key determinants in the response to NAC treatment in MIBC. Their use could optimise patient stratification and create new therapeutic opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48852,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Espanoles De Urologia","volume":"79 3","pages":"404-414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 15-Year Google Trends Analysis of Surgical Treatment Modalities for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in the United States.","authors":"Burak Akgul, Ersan Arda","doi":"10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Background: To evaluate temporal trends in public interest regarding surgical treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the United States using Google Trends (GT) data from 2010-2025.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relative search volume (RSV) data for Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP), Rezūm®, UroLift, Aquablation, and Prostatic Arterial Embolization (PAE) were extracted from GT between January 2010 and August 2025. Annual mean RSV values were analyzed using descriptive statistics, linear regression, and Pearson correlation. Statistical significance was defined as <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HoLEP demonstrated a robust and statistically significant upward trajectory throughout the study period (R² = 0.762; β = 0.873; <i>p</i> < 0.001), reflecting sustained growth in public interest. Rezūm® similarly exhibited a strong and consistent increasing trend (R² = 0.799; β = 0.894; <i>p</i> < 0.001), indicating a notable expansion in online engagement over time. Aquablation showed a moderate but significant rise in search activity (R² = 0.549; β = 0.741; <i>p</i> < 0.001), although its overall magnitude of interest remained comparatively lower than other modalities. UroLift demonstrated a significant temporal association (R² = 0.637; β = 0.798; <i>p</i> = 0.001), despite fluctuations in interest during later years of the study. PAE demonstrated a strong but non-significant upward trend (R² = 0.788; β = 0.888; <i>p</i> = 0.051), suggesting a more variable pattern of public attention. Correlation analyses further revealed strong inter-modality relationships, particularly between HoLEP and Aquablation (r = 0.948) and between HoLEP and PAE (r = 0.916).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rezūm® and Aquablation have experienced rapid growth in recent years, while HoLEP has consistently maintained its importance. UroLift and PAE have exhibited more variable trends. Digital trend analysis is a valuable tool for understanding evolving patient preferences and informing clinical and policy decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48852,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Espanoles De Urologia","volume":"79 3","pages":"415-421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Impact of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Combined With Tadalafil on Urination and Sexual Function Recovery in Patients With Functional Erectile Dysfunction.","authors":"Ying He, Yingqi Shi, Liang Wang, Xi Gu","doi":"10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.50","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of cognitive behavioural therapy combined with tadalafil on the recovery of urinary and sexual function in patients with functional erectile dysfunction (ED) and moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study that involving a total of 236 patients. Patients were divided into two groups: the Tadalafil Group (n = 121) was given an oral dose of 5 mg of tadalafil daily for 12 weeks; the Combination Group (n = 115) received the same tadalafil treatment in addition to an additional 12-week course of cognitive behavioural therapy. Biochemical markers, urodynamic parameters, urinary function, sexual function, psychological state, and quality of life were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following treatment, the Combination Group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in interleukin-6 levels, cortisol levels, urodynamic parameters, sexual function markers, anxiety and depression scores, and quality of life compared with the Tadalafil Group (all <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For patients with functional ED complicated by moderate to severe LUTS, the combination of cognitive behavioural therapy and tadalafil is a promising integrated treatment strategy that can more effectively improve their urinary function, sexual function, psychological state, and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":48852,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Espanoles De Urologia","volume":"79 3","pages":"422-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Novel Nomogram to Predict Biochemical Failure and Prostate Cancer-Specific Mortality After Definitive Radiotherapy in Patients with Gleason Score 7 Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Aysenur Elmal, Birhan Demirhan, Ertugrul Senturk, Ozan Cem Guler, Petek Erpolat, Cem Onal","doi":"10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gleason score (GS) 7 prostate cancer (PCa) encompasses biologically heterogeneous subgroups with differing prognoses. This study aimed to assess long-term oncologic outcomes and develop a predictive nomogram for patients with GS 7 PCa treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT) with or without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analysed the data of 372 patients with GS 7 PCa treated with RT between 2010 and 2020. Kaplan- Meier analysis was used to estimate freedom from biochemical failure (FFBF) and prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS). Prognostic factors were identified using Cox regression models. A nomogram was constructed to predict individualised risks of FFBF and PCSS. Model performance was evaluated using time-dependent area under the curve (AUC), calibration plots and decision curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At a median follow-up of 102.6 months, the 8-year FFBF and PCSS rates were 88.2% and 96.3%, respectively. Patients with GS 4+3 had significantly poorer outcomes than those with GS 3+4 (FFBF: 84.3% vs. 91.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.010; PCSS: 92.1% vs. 98.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Multivariable analysis revealed that young age (hazard ratio (HR): 0.95, <i>p</i> = 0.002), prostate specific antigen (PSA) >10 ng/mL (HR: 2.95, <i>p</i> = 0.010), GS 4+3 (HR: 2.67, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and absence of ADT (HR: 5.77, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were independently associated with an increased risk of biochemical failure. The final nomogram incorporating age, PSA, GS pattern, T stage, risk group, RT field, simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) use and ADT status showed excellent predictive performance, with 8-year time-dependent AUCs of 0.773 for FFBF and 0.914 for PCSS. Threshold scores > 0.5 for FFBF and > 1.06 for PCSS were associated with an increased event risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GS 4+3 emerged as the strongest predictor of poor outcomes, alongside elevated PSA, absence of ADT and young age. The proposed nomogram provides accurate individualised risk stratification and may assist in tailoring treatment intensity and follow-up in patients with GS 7 PCa undergoing definitive RT. External validation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":48852,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Espanoles De Urologia","volume":"79 3","pages":"394-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrograde Ureteric Stent Placement Versus Percutaneous Nephrostomy for Infected Ureteral Obstruction in Diabetic Patients: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Bin Su, Kang Chen, Pin Wu, Kangyu Li, Yansi Lan","doi":"10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effectiveness and safety of retrograde ureteral stent (RUS) and percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) in the treatment of diabetic patients with infected ureteral obstruction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From February 2022 to February 2024, 202 diabetic patients with infected ureteral obstruction were included. Data were obtained retrospectively and the outcomes including complications, period for return to serum creatinine nadir, white blood cell (WBC) count and blood urea nitrogen were measured. Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors for postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 202 patients (PCN group: 102 patients; RUS group: 100 patients) were included in the final analysis. The incidence of complications of Clavien-Dindo Grade ≥ II was significantly higher in the PCN group (34.3%) than in the RUS group (11.0%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The RUS group showed better renal function preservation rate (87.0% vs. 73.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.016) and lower recurrent urinary tract infection rate (11.0% vs. 21.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.042). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the RUS group had a significantly lower risk of postoperative complications compared with the PCN group. In addition, the duration of diabetes mellitus, the amplitude of postoperative blood glucose fluctuation, and the duration of insulin use were independent risk factors for postoperative complications (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RUS appears to be superior to PCN in reducing postoperative complications, preserving renal function, and lowering infection recurrence in diabetic patients with infected ureteral obstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":48852,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Espanoles De Urologia","volume":"79 3","pages":"450-458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Serum Adiponectin and Metabolic Syndrome Components With Prostate Cancer Susceptibility and Construction of a Nomogram Prediction Model.","authors":"Lixian Cheng, Xiaoming Zhou, Jinshun Pan, Yiqiong Xing, Jiebin Fu, Wenjie Zhang, Zhenshuo Zhang","doi":"10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.56","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin, components of metabolic syndrome, and susceptibility to prostate cancer (PCa), and to construct a predictive nomogram model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, 1:1 individual-matched case-control study was conducted. A total of 152 patients diagnosed with PCa at our hospital between January 2018 and May 2025 were enrolled as the PCa group, and 152 age-matched healthy males were selected as the control group. Serum adiponectin levels, metabolic syndrome components, and general demographic data were compared between the two groups. A nomogram prediction model was constructed based on conditional logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed glycated haemoglobin (OR = 6.360), waist-to-hip ratio (OR = 2.394), waist circumference (OR = 1.457), and triglycerides (OR = 3.777) as independent risk factors for PCa susceptibility (all <i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas high-density lipoprotein (OR = 0.341) and adiponectin (OR = 0.513) were identified as independent protective factors (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). The nomogram model constructed based on these six indicators predicted PCa susceptibility with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.869 (95% CI: 0.843-0.894). Bootstrap validation indicated good model fit, and decision curve analysis suggested a clinical net benefit of the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum adiponectin and components of metabolic syndrome are closely associated with PCa susceptibi.</p>","PeriodicalId":48852,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Espanoles De Urologia","volume":"79 3","pages":"476-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Classifier Model Based on CT Data from Different CT Phases for Distinguishing LPAs and PCCs.","authors":"Jiarong Zhang, Linsen Zeng, Fangmei Zhu, Zimo Li, Cheng Yan, Jian Wang","doi":"10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.54","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lipid-poor adrenal adenomas (LPAs) and pheochromocytomas (PCCs) are similar tumours, but misdiagnosed LPAs may lead to health risks such as hypertensive crisis due to improper treatment. The aim of this study was to develop an efficient method for classifying LPAs and PCCs on the basis of different CT scans that minimises the number of radiation doses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patients included in this study were randomly divided into training and validation groups (the ratio was 7:3). The datasets, including 2-(plain and venous enhanced CT scans) or 3-phase CT data, were separately used to construct XGBoost, Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT), AdaBoost, random forest and decision-tree models. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the models, and the DeLong test was used to determine significant differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The models constructed were XGBoost, GBDT, AdaBoost, random forest and decision tree and their efficacies Area Under the Curves (AUCs) in the 2-phase CT group were 0.91, 0.89, 0.85, 0.78, and 0.71, respectively, while those in the 3-phase CT group were 0.92, 0.91, 0.89, 0.81, and 0.78, respectively. The optimal model in both the 2-and 3-phase groups was XGBoost; this model exhibited similar performance in both groups. The DeLong test also confirmed some difference in XGBoost between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our XGBoost-based model constructed using 2-phase CT data is similar to that constructed using 3-phase CT data; both of them exhibited good performance in the classification of LPAs and PCCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48852,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Espanoles De Urologia","volume":"79 3","pages":"459-468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetically Predicted Gut Microbiota and Bladder Cancer Risk: A Mendelian Randomisation Analysis.","authors":"Feiran Wei, Meng Zhao, Xiaohui Sun, Hongfei Ma, Huimin Yin, Xiaobing Shen, Shuqiu Chen","doi":"10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.51","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gut microbiota (GM) has been increasingly implicated in cancer development through immune modulation, metabolic regulation, and systemic inflammatory pathways. Although observational studies have suggested a potential link between GM dysbiosis and bladder cancer (BC), these findings remain susceptible to confounding and reverse causation. To our knowledge, few studies have applied a Mendelian randomisation (MR) framework to systematically evaluate the gut-bladder axis from a genetic perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a two-sample MR analysis to examine associations between genetically predicted GM composition and BC risk. Genetic instruments for 119 GM taxa were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium. Summary-level genetic association data for BC were derived from the UK Biobank. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analytical approach, complemented by Mendelian randomisation-Egger regression (MR-Egger) and weighted median methods. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. Instrumental variants were further mapped to host genes to perform exploratory functional annotation and pathway enrichment analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the primary IVW analysis, five GM taxa demonstrated nominal associations with BC risk. Higher genetically predicted abundance of <i>Oscillibacter</i> (OR = 0.706, 95% CI: 0.564-0.883) and <i>Oscillospira</i> (OR = 0.668, 95% CI: 0.490-0.910) was associated with lower risk, whereas <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> (FCS020 group) was associated with increased risk (OR = 1.406, 95% CI: 1.070-1.847). However, none of the associations remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. Sensitivity analyses revealed no evidence of significant heterogeneity or directional pleiotropy, and estimates were broadly consistent across MR methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this MR study, we identified nominal associations between genetically predicted GM composition and BC risk. As none of the findings remained statistically significant after correction for multiple testing, these results should be interpreted with caution. Further replication in independent cohorts and mechanistic investigations into the role of candidate taxa are warranted to clarify the potential involvement of the gut-bladder axis in bladder carcinogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48852,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Espanoles De Urologia","volume":"79 3","pages":"431-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Refined Nursing on Postoperative Recovery and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Shumiao Liu, Xiaolei Zhai","doi":"10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267903.61","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of refined nursing on postoperative recovery, inflammatory cytokine levels, and quality of life in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer (PCa).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 116 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy in the Department of Urology of our hospital from October 2021 to October 2025 were retrospectively included. According to the different nursing methods documented in the medical records, patients were divided into a control group (n = 56, routine nursing) and a study group (n = 60, refined nursing). Postoperative recovery indices, urinary function, serum IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels, the incidence of postoperative complications, and quality of life scores (physical, psychological, and social functions) were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study group exhibited significantly shorter times to first postoperative exhaust, drainage tube removal, and hospital stay compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whilst the time to first defecation showed no significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) scores of patients in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(<i>p</i> < 0.05). On postoperative day 1, serum IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels were comparable between groups. By day 5, the study group demonstrated lower IL-6 and TNF-α and higher IL-10 levels compared with the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The incidences of nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, and urinary tract infection (UTI) were significantly lower in the study group (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while the incidence of fever showed no significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Following the nursing care, the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) scores increased in both groups, with the scores of the study group showing significantly higher scores than the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Refined nursing may facilitate improved postoperative recovery in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for PCa, potentially benefiting urinary function, mitigating inflammatory responses and postoperative complications, and enhancing short-term quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":48852,"journal":{"name":"Archivos Espanoles De Urologia","volume":"79 3","pages":"524-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}