Applied Sciences-Basel最新文献

{"title":"WASPAS Based Multi Response Optimization in Hard Turning of AISI 52100 Steel under ZnO Nanofluid Assisted Dual Nozzle Pulse-MQL Environment","authors":"Saswat Khatai, Ramanuj Kumar, A. Panda, A. Sahoo","doi":"10.3390/app131810062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810062","url":null,"abstract":"Hard turning is an emerging machining technology that evolved as a substitute for grinding in the production of precision parts from hardened steel. It offers advantages such as reduced cycle times, lower costs, and environmental benefits over grinding. Hard turning is stated to be difficult because of the high hardness of the workpiece material, which causes higher tool wear, cutting temperature, surface roughness, and cutting force. In this work, a dual-nozzle minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) system’s performance assessment of ZnO nano-cutting fluid in the hard turning of AISI 52100 bearing steel is examined. The objective is to evaluate the ZnO nano-cutting fluid’s impacts on flank wear, surface roughness, cutting temperature, cutting power consumption, and cutting noise. The tool flank wear was traced to be very low (0.027 mm to 0.095 mm) as per the hard turning concern. Additionally, the data acquired are statistically analyzed using main effects plots, interaction plots, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Moreover, a novel Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) optimization tool was implemented to select the optimal combination of input parameters. The following optimal input variables were found: depth of cut = 0.3 mm, feed = 0.05 mm/rev, cutting speed = 210 m/min, and flow rate = 50 mL/hr.","PeriodicalId":48760,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences-Basel","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45173392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Indoor Suctionable Object Classification and Recycling: Developing a Lightweight AI Model for Robot Vacuum Cleaners","authors":"Qian Huang","doi":"10.3390/app131810031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810031","url":null,"abstract":"Robot vacuum cleaners have gained widespread popularity as household appliances. One significant challenge in enhancing their functionality is to identify and classify small indoor objects suitable for safe suctioning and recycling during cleaning operations. However, the current state of research faces several difficulties, including the lack of a comprehensive dataset, size variation, limited visual features, occlusion and clutter, varying lighting conditions, the need for real-time processing, and edge computing. In this paper, I address these challenges by investigating a lightweight AI model specifically tailored for robot vacuum cleaners. First, I assembled a diverse dataset containing 23,042 ground-view perspective images captured by robot vacuum cleaners. Then, I examined state-of-the-art AI models from the existing literature and carefully selected three high-performance models (Xception, DenseNet121, and MobileNet) as potential model candidates. Subsequently, I simplified these three selected models to reduce their computational complexity and overall size. To further compress the model size, I employed post-training weight quantization on these simplified models. In this way, our proposed lightweight AI model strikes a balance between object classification accuracy and computational complexity, enabling real-time processing on resource-constrained robot vacuum cleaner platforms. I thoroughly evaluated the performance of the proposed AI model on a diverse dataset, demonstrating its feasibility and practical applicability. The experimental results show that, with a small memory size budget of 0.7 MB, the best AI model is L-w Xception 1, with a width factor of 0.25, whose resultant object classification accuracy is 84.37%. When compared with the most accurate state-of-the-art model in the literature, this proposed model accomplished a remarkable memory size reduction of 350 times, while incurring only a slight decrease in classification accuracy, i.e., approximately 4.54%.","PeriodicalId":48760,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences-Basel","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47361801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MixerNet-SAGA A Novel Deep Learning Architecture for Superior Road Extraction in High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery","authors":"Wei Wu, Chao Ren, Anchao Yin, Xudong Zhang","doi":"10.3390/app131810067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810067","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we address the limitations of current deep learning models in road extraction tasks from remote sensing imagery. We introduce MixerNet-SAGA, a novel deep learning model that incorporates the strengths of U-Net, integrates a ConvMixer block for enhanced feature extraction, and includes a Scaled Attention Gate (SAG) for augmented spatial attention. Experimental validation on the Massachusetts road dataset and the DeepGlobe road dataset demonstrates that MixerNet-SAGA achieves a 10% improvement in precision, 8% in recall, and 12% in IoU compared to leading models such as U-Net, ResNet, and SDUNet. Furthermore, our model excels in computational efficiency, being 20% faster, and has a smaller model size. Notably, MixerNet-SAGA shows exceptional robustness against challenges such as same-spectrum–different-object and different-spectrum–same-object phenomena. Ablation studies further reveal the critical roles of the ConvMixer block and SAG. Despite its strengths, the model’s scalability to extremely large datasets remains an area for future investigation. Collectively, MixerNet-SAGA offers an efficient and accurate solution for road extraction in remote sensing imagery and presents significant potential for broader applications.","PeriodicalId":48760,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences-Basel","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43892530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Improved Visual SLAM Method with Adaptive Feature Extraction","authors":"Xinxin Guo, Mengyan Lyu, Bin Xia, Kunpeng Zhang, Liye Zhang","doi":"10.3390/app131810038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810038","url":null,"abstract":"The feature point method is the mainstream method to accomplish inter-frame estimation in visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) methods, among which the Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF (ORB) feature-based method provides an equilibrium of accuracy as well as efficiency. However, the ORB algorithm is prone to clustering phenomena, and its unequal distribution of extracted feature points is not conducive to the subsequent camera tracking. To solve the above problems, this paper suggests an adaptive feature extraction algorithm that first constructs multiple-scale images using an adaptive Gaussian pyramid algorithm, calculates adaptive thresholds, and uses an adaptive meshing method for regional feature point detection to adapt to different scenes. The method uses Adaptive and Generic Accelerated Segment Test (AGAST) to speed up feature detection and the non-maximum suppression method to filter feature points. The feature points are then divided equally by a quadtree technique, and the orientation of those points is determined by an intensity centroid approach. Experiments were conducted on publicly available datasets, and the outcomes demonstrate the algorithm has good adaptivity and solves the problem of a large number of corner point clusters that may result from using manually set detection thresholds. The RMSE of the absolute trajectory error of SLAM applying this method on four sequences of TUM RGB-D datasets is decreased by 13.88% when compared with ORB-SLAM3. It is demonstrated that the algorithm provides high-quality feature points for subsequent image alignment, and the application to SLAM improves the reliability and accuracy of SLAM.","PeriodicalId":48760,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences-Basel","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48137481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Can Radiomics Help the Clinical Management of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke?","authors":"Jacobo Porto-Álvarez, Antonio Mosqueira Martínez, Javier Martínez Fernández, Marta Sanmartín López, M. Blanco Ulla, F. Vázquez Herrero, J. Pumar, M. Rodríguez-Yáñez, Anxo Manuel Minguillón Pereiro, Alberto Bolón Villaverde, Ramón Iglesias Rey, M. Souto-Bayarri","doi":"10.3390/app131810061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810061","url":null,"abstract":"Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is the loss of neurological function due to a sudden reduction in cerebral blood flow and is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. The field of radiological imaging has experienced growth in recent years, which could be boosted by the advent of artificial intelligence. One of the latest innovations in artificial intelligence is radiomics, which is based on the fact that a large amount of quantitative data can be extracted from radiological images, from which patterns can be identified and associated with specific pathologies. Since its inception, radiomics has been particularly associated with the field of oncology and has shown promising results in a wide range of clinical situations. The performance of radiomics in non-tumour pathologies has been increasingly explored in recent years, and the results continue to be promising. The aim of this review is to explore the potential applications of radiomics in AIS patients and to theorize how radiomics may change the paradigm for these patients in the coming years.","PeriodicalId":48760,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences-Basel","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42524907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of Coal Quality by a Portable Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Three Chemometrics Methods","authors":"Youquan Dou, Qingsong Wang, Sensheng Wang, Xi Shu, Minghui Ni, Yan Li","doi":"10.3390/app131810049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810049","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology has the characteristics of small sample demand, simple sample preparation, simultaneous measurement of multiple elements and safety, which has great potential application in the rapid detection of coal quality. In this paper, 59 kinds of coal commonly used in Chinese power plants were tested by a lab-designed field-portable laser-induced breakdown spectrometer. The data set division methods and the quantitative analysis algorithm of ash content, volatile matter and calorific value of coal samples were carried out. The accuracy and prediction accuracy of three kinds of dataset partitioning methods, random selection (RS), Kennard–Stone (KS) and sample partitioning based on joint X-Y distances (SPXY), coupled with three quantitative algorithms, partial least squares regression (PLS), support vector machine regression (SVR) and random forest (RF), were compared and analyzed in this paper. The results show that the model featuring SPXY combined with RF has the best prediction performance. The R2 of ash content by the RF and SPXY method is 0.9843, the RMSEP of ash content is 1.3303 and the mean relative error (MRE) is 7.47%. The R2 of volatile matter is 0.9801, RMSEP is 0.7843 and MRE is 2.19%. The R2 of calorific value is 0.9844, RMSEP is 0.7324 and MRE is 2.27%. This study demonstrates that the field-portable LIBS device combining appropriate chemometrics algorithms has a wide application prospect in the rapid analysis of coal quality.","PeriodicalId":48760,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences-Basel","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44513860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a 7-DOF Biodynamic Model for a Seated Human and a Hybrid Optimization Method for Estimating Human-Seat Interaction Parameters","authors":"Abeeb Opeyemi Alabi, Byoung-Gyu Song, Jong-Jin Bae, Namcheol Kang","doi":"10.3390/app131810065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810065","url":null,"abstract":"Existing biodynamic models adopt apparent mass and seat-to-head transmissibility to predict the response of seated humans to whole-body vibration, limiting their ability to capture the actual response of distinct body segments in different excitation conditions. This study systematically develops a 7-DOF seated human model, a vibration experiment, and a novel hybrid optimization to estimate unknown mechanical parameters and predict the response of different human body segments to vertical vibrations. Experimental results showed that the upper trunk and head were most susceptible to transmitted vibrations. Combining the 7-DOF model and HOM resulted in accelerated optimization, improved numerical stability, and significant minimization of the objective function value compared to conventional algorithms. Notably, the estimated parameters, particularly stiffness, remained consistent regardless of increasing excitation magnitude or change in the body segment data used. Additionally, the model captured the non-linearity in human biodynamics through stiffness softening. These findings are applicable in seating systems optimization for comfort and safety.","PeriodicalId":48760,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences-Basel","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49192514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty Acid Profile, Atherogenic and Thrombogenic Indices, and Meat Quality as the Effect of Feed Additive in African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)","authors":"M. Bušová, L. Kouřimská, Marek Doležal, V. Ilko, D. Revenco, M. Zare, Jan Matoušek, I. Ferrocino, I. Franciosa, Petr Smejkal, Matěj Přeslička, M. Prokešová","doi":"10.3390/app131810058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810058","url":null,"abstract":"Humic substances (HS) are often used as feesd additives in livestock feeding. The long-term effects of different concentrations of HS additives in aquafeed on growth and production performance, antioxidant status, stress resistance, gut microbiome, overall health condition, final product yield, sensory properties of fresh and cooked meat, and composition of fatty acids of market size in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) originating from aquaculture were compared in this study. C. gariepinus were exposed to dietary inclusions of HS (0, 1, and 3, and 6% w/w) in a long-term experiment (six months in total) until fish reached market size. The growth parameters, condition factor, and selected somatic indices did not differ (p > 0.05) between the tested groups (HS0–HS6). Biochemical parameters were not different between the tested HS groups by the end of experiment, and only glucose (GLC) levels significantly increased (p < 0.05) with increasing concentrations of HS fed as an additive. The levels of cortisol (COR) and GLC did not differ between the tested groups (p > 0.05) after the stress challenge, but the results of GLC levels before and after the stress challenge showed an increasing tendency with increasing levels of HS addition in the diet. The levels of COR were slightly lower in groups HS3 and HS6 than in HS1 and the control group. In the case of protein and fat contents, differences between groups (HS0–HS6) were statistically insignificant. Significant differences were found, however, in water and ash content. In some cases, statistically significant differences were found in fatty acid profiles and in nutritional indices assessing fatty acids between samples. Sensory characteristics of fresh fillets did not differ between the tested groups HS0–HS6. The total content of polyphenols increased depending on the addition of humates. The main gut microbiota of samples analyzed (HS0–HS3 group) comprised the following three genera: Ralstonia, Pseudomonas and Cetobacterium; other genera were present in all samples at a low relative abundance: Staphylococcus, Bradyrhizobium, Bacillus, and Anaerobacillus. The relative abundance of Pseudomonas decreased while the presence of Cetobacterium increased in samples fed with 3% of HS. The results of our study yielded a comprehensive set of experimental results about African catfish fed with HS as additives. Although a significant effect of HS on overall performance of C. gariepinus was not proven, a positive effect on antioxidant status was seen as well as a decrease in gut microorganisms that can be present as pathogenic contaminants in aquatic environments.","PeriodicalId":48760,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences-Basel","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46658271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Bonding Steel Elements with Polyester-Coated Paint","authors":"A. Rudawská, Arkadiusz Gola, J. Pizoń, Paweł Capała, Łukasz Wójcik","doi":"10.3390/app131810059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810059","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to assess the impact of the effectiveness of bonding steel elements with paint coating. The adhesive joints were made using two types of the adhesives: two-component epoxy resin adhesive based on Bisphenol A and polyurethane. Three types of adhesive joints were made: (i) reference samples, (ii) samples with a paint polyester coating, and (iii) samples with a zinc primer and paint polyester coating. These coatings were applied using the electrokinetic method. A shear strength test of the adhesive joints (EN DIN 1465 standard), a coating adhesion test (ASTM D3359-B standard), and surface wettability tests (based on contact angle) were used. Through analyzing the test results, it can be seen that the strength of the adhesive joints of the reference samples made with epoxy adhesive is 46% lower than that of the specimens with primer and paint coating applied. However, in the case of the adhesive joints made with the polyurethane adhesive, the aforementioned difference in the strength value of the adhesive joints of the reference samples and paint-coated samples with an applied primer is 76%. Adherends with a paint coating and a previously applied primer obtained the lowest value of the contact angle (38.72°) and are characterized by good wettability.","PeriodicalId":48760,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences-Basel","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47585444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oscillating Nonlinear Acoustic Waves in a Mooney–Rivlin Rod","authors":"A. Karakozova, Sergey Kuznetsov","doi":"10.3390/app131810037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810037","url":null,"abstract":"Harmonic wave excitation in a semi-infinite incompressible hyperelastic 1D rod with the Mooney–Rivlin equation of state reveals the formation and propagation of the shock wave fronts arising between faster and slower moving parts of the initially harmonic wave. The observed shock wave fronts result in the collapse of the slower moving parts being absorbed by the faster parts; hence, to the attenuation of the kinetic and the elastic strain energy with the corresponding heat generation. Both geometrically and physically nonlinear equations of motion are solved by the explicit Lax–Wendroff numerical tine-integration scheme combined with the finite element approach for spatial discretization.","PeriodicalId":48760,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences-Basel","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45469342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}