Arab Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Uncommon colonic metastasis of adrenal epithelioid hemangioendothelioma revealed by gastrointestinal bleeding","authors":"Myriam Ayari , Sameh Riahi , Imen Abdelaali , Mohamed Hedi Douggui , Taieb Jomni","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 120-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized treatment approaches in hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Ahmed Ramadan ,&nbsp;Mona Kaddah ,&nbsp;Hend Shousha ,&nbsp;Mohamed El-Kassas","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Personalized medicine is an emerging field that provides novel approaches to disease’s early diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and prognosis based on the patient’s criteria in gene expression, environmental factors, lifestyle, and diet. To date, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant global health burden, with an increasing incidence and significant death rates, despite advancements in surveillance, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches. The majority of HCC lesions develop in patients with liver cirrhosis, carrying the risks of mortality associated with both the tumor burden and the cirrhosis.</div><div>New therapeutic agents involving immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted agents have been developed for sequential or concomitant application for advanced HCC but only a tiny percentage of patients benefit from each approach. Moreover, clinicians encounter difficulties determining the most appropriate regimen for each patient. This emphasizes the need for a personalized treatment approach. In other words, patients should no longer undergo treatment based on their tumor’s histology but depending on the distinct molecular targets specific to their tumor biology. However, the utilization of precision medicine in managing HCC is still challenging.</div><div>This review aims to discuss the role of personalized medicine in diagnosing, managing, and defining the prognosis of HCC. We also discuss the role of liquid biopsy and their clinical applications for immunotherapies in HCC. More clinical studies are still necessary to improve the precision of biomarkers used in the treatment decision for patients with HCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 122-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of local and serum CircHIPK3 expressions with the progression of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis","authors":"Ji-Ping Hou ,&nbsp;Lian-Ying Yang ,&nbsp;Li-Bin Liu ,&nbsp;En-Kun Han ,&nbsp;Chun-Qi Han ,&nbsp;Li-Ping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>This study was aimed to validate the correlation of circular RNA HIPK3 (CircHIPK3) expression in serum and tissues with the progression of liver fibrosis (LF) and liver cirrhosis (LC).</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Serum CircHIPK3 expressions were detected in 120 patients with LF/LC and 120 healthy controls (HCs). CircHIPK3 expression in tissues was detected in 120 fibrotic liver tissues and compared to 57 healthy liver tissues from patients with hepatic hemangioma. The expressions of CircHIPK3, TGF-β1, and CollA1 mRNAs were assessed by qRT-PCR. The Child-Pugh (CP) classification was used to evaluate disease severity. The Ishak score was applied to assess LF/LC in liver biopsy samples. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were also investigated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to assess the diagnostic value of CircHIPK3 expressions in serum and tissues.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CircHIPK3 expressions in serum and tissues were upregulated in patients with LF/LC compared to HCs. The patient group comprised 39 with CP class A (CP-A), 45 with CP class B (CP-B), and 36 with CP class B (CP-C). Patients with CP-C had markedly increased serum and local CircHIPK3 levels compared to those with CP-B and CP-A. Patients with CP-B showed upregulated CircHIPK3 expressions in serum and tissues compared to CP-A with statistical significance. ROC curve analysis indicated that CircHIPK3 expressions in both serum and tissues may serve as potential diagnostic indicators for the progression of LF/LC. Moreover, serum CircHIPK3 expressions were positively associated with serum ALT and AST levels. Tissue CircHIPK3 expressions were positively correlated with tissue TGF-β1 and CollA1 mRNA expressions. In addition, both serum and tissue CircHIPK3 expressions were positively associated with the Ishak score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>For the first time, this study demonstrated the positive correlation of CircHIPK3 expressions in both serum and tissues with the progression of LF/LC, regardless of etiology. CircHIPK3 might play a significant role in the development of LF/LC and act as a potential therapeutic target for these conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 71-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prone positioning over a pillow and back pressure to facilitate colonoscopy completion in obese patients","authors":"Ahmad Moussawi ,&nbsp;Abbas Karim ,&nbsp;Don Rockey ,&nbsp;Kassem Barada","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features and temporal trends in H. pylori negative gastric maltoma","authors":"Ali Hajj Ali ,&nbsp;Mohamad Ali Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Ayman Alrazim,&nbsp;Yasser Shaib","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) lymphoma or MALToma is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma arising in the gastric mucosa that has largely been associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. However, less than 10% of gastric MALTomas can occur with a negative H. pylori status, and the disease seems to have a different course.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Patients diagnosed with MALToma from 2000 to 2021 were included in the study. H. pylori-negative (HPN) status was confirmed when patients had at least 2 negative tests among the following: urea breath test, rapid urease test, serological test, or histology. The patients were divided into H. pylori positive (HPP) and HPN groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final analysis included 52 gastric MALToma patients, 25 (48.1 %) were HPN. Demographics and disease stages were comparable between the two groups, although a higher prevalence of HPN cases emerged in patients diagnosed from 2011 to 2021 compared to the 2000–2010 period (55.3 % vs. 28.6 %, p = 0.09). All patients in the HPP group received eradication therapy (ET) compared to only 40 % in the HPN group. ET success in the stage 1 HPN group was 25 % compared to 78.6 % in the HPP group (p = 0.03). More patients in the HPN group received chemo and/or radiotherapy compared to the HPP (86.4 % vs 57.1 %, p = 0.033). Treatment outcomes were similar between both groups. Comparing stage 1 MALToma patients who responded to ET versus non-responders revealed that responders were more likely to be HPP (76.8 % vs. 33.3 %, p = 0.026) and diagnosed in the earlier period (2000–2010, p = 0.048).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HPN MALToma patients were similar to HPP patients in clinical features. However, there was an increase in diagnosis of HPN MALToma and a decrease in response to ET in more recent years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 67-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rigler’s triad of gallstone ileus","authors":"Fatt Yang Chew ,&nbsp;Pei-Hua Lee ,&nbsp;Shu Wei Su ,&nbsp;Suat Yee Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 137-138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome sequencing identified ALK as a novel susceptible gene of Hirschsprung disease","authors":"Meng Jiang ,&nbsp;Chang-li Li ,&nbsp;Xing-chen Lin ,&nbsp;Mei Hong ,&nbsp;Huan-huan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>Hirschsprung disease (HD) is a complex developmental disease that resulted from impaired proliferation and migration of neural crest cells. Despite the genetic causation of enteric nervous system have been found to be responsible for part of HD cases, the genetic aetiology of most HD patients still needs to be explored.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Whole-genome sequencing and subsequent Sanger sequencing validation analysis were performed in 13 HD children and their unaffected parents. Autophagy assays were performed to validate the functions of the identified locus.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After the initial quality checking (SNP quality score ≥ 40, coverage ≥ 10X) of the raw data, we identified 3182 single nucleotide variants (SNVs). We subsequently compared these SNVs against the public databases and got a total of 15 suspicious genes shared among these patients. Subsequent Sanger sequencing and bioinformatics analyses revealed that amino acid–altering de novo mutation c.1648C &gt; T(p.L550F) in ALK was responsible for HD. For validation, we sequenced all 29 exons of<!--> <!-->ALK<!--> <!-->in 76 additional sporadic HD cases and 200 healthy children and identified this variant in five of the HD cases. We further illustrated that ALK mutation c.1648C &gt; T interrupted the interactions between ALK and its ligand midkine (Mdk), and induced autophagic cell death through AKT/mTORC1 axis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These finding implied that the abnormal variant of ALK c.1648C &gt; T may account for the pathogenesis of HD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of tuberculosis with anti-TNF therapy in Indian patients with inflammatory bowel disease despite negative screening","authors":"Suprabhat Giri ,&nbsp;Sukanya Bhrugumalla ,&nbsp;Akash Shukla ,&nbsp;Sagar Gangadhar ,&nbsp;Srujan Reddy ,&nbsp;Sumaswi Angadi ,&nbsp;Leela Shinde ,&nbsp;Aditya Kale","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) is a well-recognized adverse effect associated with using biological therapy to manage various autoimmune conditions. There is a dearth of information about the development of TB after using anti-TNF agents in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from TB-endemic countries like India. This study aimed to estimate the risk of TB and its predictors after treatment with anti-TNF agents in patients with IBD.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and Methods</h3><div>The present study is a retrospective analysis of data of patients with IBD from two tertiary care centers in India receiving anti-TNF therapy. Patients who had undergone chest X-ray, high-resolution computed tomography of the chest, and tuberculin skin test, with a follow-up duration of at least 6 months, were included in the analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this multi-center study, 95 patients on anti-TNF agents for IBD (Median age of onset: 27 years, 62.1 % males) were followed up for a median duration of 9 (6–142) months. Among patients with IBD, 79 (83.2 %) had Crohn's disease, and 16 (16.8 %) had ulcerative colitis. Infliximab was the commonest biological, used in 82.1 % of cases, followed by adalimumab (17.9 %). On follow-up, 8.4 % (8/95) of the patients developed TB, among which the majority had extrapulmonary tuberculosis (5/8). On multivariate analysis, the duration of biological (Odds ratio: 1.047, 95 % confidence interval 1.020–1.075; p = 0.001) use was the only independent predictor of the development of TB with biologicals.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Among Indian patients with IBD, there is a high risk of TB with anti-TNF agents, which increases with the duration of therapy. The current methods for latent TB screening in Indians are ineffective, and predicting TB after initiating biological therapy is difficult.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 33-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing the Arabic inflammatory bowel disease disk as a tool for assessing disability in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Jordan","authors":"Tarek Mazzawi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Yadk ,&nbsp;Nayef Alghneimin ,&nbsp;Saad Hmeimat ,&nbsp;Mohammad Saleem Al-Essa ,&nbsp;Haneen Abed Alghafer ,&nbsp;Farah Haneyah ,&nbsp;Hanan Alkhawaldeh ,&nbsp;Eid Samara ,&nbsp;Bandar Ghazal","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aim</h3><div>Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic relapsing-remitting disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD causes significant impairment in the patient’s quality of life that should be assessed and monitored in a flexible and easy way. The IBD-Disability Index (IBD-DI) is the only validated tool to assess disability in IBD patients, but it is difficult to use in clinical practice. The IBD Disk is a new shortened, self-administering version of the IBD-DI that allows quick assessment of IBD patients and tracks changes in disease burden over time. However, the IBD Disk has not been used yet in clinical practice in Jordan. The aim of the study was to translate the IBD Disk to Arabic language and introduce it in clinical practice in Jordan.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>After translating the original IBD Disk to Arabic language, IBD patients referred to outpatient clinic or admitted to the medical department at the new Al-Hussein hospital, Al-Salt, Jordan, from September 2021 until March 2022, filled the translated IBD Disk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 50 IBD patients (52 % males) were included in the study and filled the IBD Disk. The IBD Disk was easy to complete by the patients. Energy, regulating defecation, and emotions were the most disabling domains for relapsing patients. Polygonal shape area of the mean for IBD Disk scores decreased during remission. Education &amp; work and energy had the strongest correlation at relapse.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The IBD Disk is a reliable visual representation of IBD disability. In this study, a translated version of IBD Disk to Arabic language was introduced for the first time in clinical practice in Jordan. The reduction in the polygonal shape area of the scores’ mean represents decreased disease burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study on in vitro models of necrotizing enterocolitis induced by single and combined stimulation","authors":"Chuchu Gao ,&nbsp;Zongtai Feng ,&nbsp;Lixia Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Fu ,&nbsp;Zuming Yang ,&nbsp;Sannan Wang ,&nbsp;Shenglin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease in neonates. In vitro model is an indispensable tool to study the pathogenesis of NEC. This study explored the effects of different stress factors on intestinal injury in vitro.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Rat intestinal epithelial cell line-6 (IEC-6) cells were exposed to different stressors, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), cobalt chloride (CoCl₂), and a combination of both. We estimated the cell viability, the expression of inflammatory cytokines and tight junction proteins.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The decrease in IEC-6 cell viability was observed after stimulation by CoCl₂ alone or in combination with LPS, but not after stimulation with LPS alone. The expression of interleukin<!--> <!-->6 (IL-6) and tumor<!--> <!-->necrosis<!--> <!-->factor<!--> <!-->alpha (TNFα) increased in each group. After stimulation with CoCl₂ alone or in combination with LPS, a decrease in Claudin-1 was observed, but an increase was detected after stimulation with LPS alone. Zona occludens 1 (ZO-1) decreased in both mRNA and protein levels after combined stimulation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combined stimulation of LPS and CoCl₂ on IEC-6 cells could simultaneously induce severe inflammation and barrier damage, which may better simulate the pathological process of NEC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 1","pages":"Pages 62-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}