Arab Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Improved effects of the b-value for 2000 sec/mm2 DWI on an accurate qualitative and quantitative assessment of rectal cancer","authors":"Zhihua Lu ,&nbsp;Kaijian Xia ,&nbsp;Heng Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Weng ,&nbsp;Mei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study objectives</h3><p><span>A higher b-value Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) would improve the contrast between cancerous and noncancerous tissue. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-histogram analysis is a method that can provide statistical data and quantitative information on tumor heterogeneity. This study aimed to compare two high b-values (1000 and 2000 sec/mm</span>²<span><span>) DWI in tumor detection and diagnostic performance in identifying early-stage tumor </span>rectal cancer.</span></p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>This blinded and blinded retrospective study involved 56 patients with rectal cancer and 45 patients. Two radiologists evaluated the qualitative detection parameters and quantitative parameters of the ADC evaluated histogram and compared them between two DWI sequences (b-value for 1000 sec/mm² and 2000 sec/mm²). The characteristic curves were used to assess diagnostic administration for the ADC histogram in discriminating early-stage tumors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The b-value for 2000 sec/mm² DWI significantly improved AUCs, sensitivity, specificity, and precision and decreased false-positive rate for detection compared to the b-value for 1000 sec/mm² (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The mean and fifth percentile ADC value for stage I using the b-value for 1000 sec/mm² DWI was significantly higher than stage ≥ II (<em>p</em> = 0.036II and 0.016 respectively), as the well as fifth, 10th, mean ADC of the fifth, 10th, and 25th ADC percentile at b-value for 2000 sec/mm² (<em>p</em> = 0.031, 0.014, 0.035 and 0.025 respectively). The AUCs of the fifth percentile ADC at b-value for 2000 sec/mm² DWI in both readers in differentiating the stage Ⅰ tumor were the highest (0.732 and 0.751).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The b-value for 2000 sec/mm² DWI could improve the accurate detection of rectal cancer. The fifth percentile ADC at b-value for 2000 sec/mm² sec/mm² DWI was more useful for discriminating early stage than the b-value for 1000 sec/mm² DWI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Pages 230-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 knockdown impairs adriamycin resistance of gastric cancer cells","authors":"Ning Ma,&nbsp;Sihui Zhao,&nbsp;Wei Yang,&nbsp;Yongfang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><p><span>The B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (BMI-1) is associated with the progression of gastric cancer (GC). However, its role in </span>drug<span> resistance of gastric cancer stem cell (GCSC) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the biological function of BMI-1 in GC cells and its role in drug resistance of GCSCs.</span></p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p><span><span>We assessed BMI-1 expression in the GEPIA database and in our collected samples from patients with GC. We silenced BMI-1 using siRNA to study the </span>cell proliferation and migration of GC cells. We also used </span>Hoechst 33342<span> staining to verify the effect of adriamycin<span> (ADR) on side population (SP) cells, and measured the effects of BMI-1 on the expression of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and drug-resistance-related proteins (multidrug resistance mutation 1 and lung resistance-related protein). Finally, we analyzed BMI-1-related proteins uing the STRING and GEPIA databases.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>BMI-1 mRNA was upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines, especially in MKN-45 and HGC-27 cells. Silencing BMI-1 reduced the proliferation and migration of GC cells. Knocking down BMI-1 significantly decreased epithelial-mesenchymal transition progression, expression levels of drug-resistant proteins, and the number of SP cells in ADR-treated GC cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that EZH2, CBX8, CBX4, and SUZ12 were positively correlated with BMI-1 in GC tissues.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study demonstrates that BMI-1 affects the cellular activity, proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Silencing the BMI-1 gene significantly reduces the number of SP cells and the expression of drug-resistant proteins in ADR-treated GC cells. We speculate that inhibition of BMI-1 increases the drug resistance of GC cells by affecting GCSCs, and that EZH2, CBX8, CBX4, and SUZ12 may participate in BMI-1-induced enhancement of GCSC-like phenotype and viability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"24 3","pages":"Pages 168-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10839280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AC125611.3 promotes the progression of colon cancer by recruiting DKC1 to stabilize CTNNB1","authors":"Hanqing Tang ,&nbsp;Yuyu Dou ,&nbsp;Yiliang Meng ,&nbsp;Qinglan Lu ,&nbsp;Lingling Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2022.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2022.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><p><span>Previous studies have suggested that lncRNAs impact cancer progression. The lncRNA AC125611.3 (also referred to as RP11-161H23.5) is highly expressed in </span>colon cancer but rarely studied; understanding its regulation may provide novel insights on treating colon cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>qRT-PCR was performed to quantify RNAs. CCK-8 and EdU assays were performed to assess cell proliferation<span><span><span><span>. Western blot analysis was used to detect levels of proteins related to cell </span>apoptosis and </span>EMT<span>. Wound healing assay and Transwell invasion assay were conducted to evaluate cell migratory and invasive capabilities, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay, </span></span>RIP assay, and pull-down assay were used to verify RNA-RNA and RNA-protein interactions.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>AC125611.3 was highly overexpressed in colon cancer cells. AC125611.3 depletion curbed cell proliferative, invasive, migratory, and EMT processes while enhancing apoptosis. Furthermore, AC125611.3 activated the Wnt signaling pathway in colon cancer cells by regulating catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1). Moreover, AC125611.3 recruited </span>dyskeratosis congenita 1 (DKC1) to stabilize CTNNB1.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>AC125611.3 recruits DKC1 to stabilize CTNNB1 and activate Wnt signaling, thereby promoting the progression of colon cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"24 3","pages":"Pages 155-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10178299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Phylogenetic groups and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of Escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical samples in North Iran” [Arab J. Gastroenterol. 23 (2022) 102–107]","authors":"Maryam Haghighatpanah ,&nbsp;Habib Zeighami ,&nbsp;Amir Sasan Mozaffari Nejad ,&nbsp;Nayyereh Hajipour","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"24 3","pages":"Page 186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9965510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of plasma soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (SuPAR) levels in ulcerative colitis","authors":"Huriye Erbak Yılmaz ,&nbsp;Saliha Aksun ,&nbsp;Süleyman Günay ,&nbsp;Ferhan Elmalı ,&nbsp;Cem Çekiç","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aim</h3><p><span><span><span>Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (SuPAR), a soluble form of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, is a biomarker produced by macrophages, </span>monocytes, </span>neutrophils<span>, active T cells<span><span>, endothelial cells, and </span>circulating tumor cells<span>. SuPAR is a novel biomarker showing altered inflammation in many inflammatory diseases. This study aims to investigate the SuPAR level in </span></span></span></span>ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and to evaluate the SuPAR level in active, and remission patients.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p><span>Patient and healthy control SuPAR levels were analyzed by immunoassay method. SuPAR levels between UC patients and control group were compared. The difference between SuPAR levels </span>in patients with active UC and UC in remission was analyzed. The relationship between C-reactive protein level, Total Mayo score, Mayo Endoscopic score used to predict disease activity, and amount of SuPAR were evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>SuPAR levels were determined in the UC patient group (2170,3 ± 121,0 pg/ml), and healthy controls (2130,7 ± 164,8 pg/ml) (p = 0. 805). Median SuPAR levels were determined in moderate UC (2479 pg/ml), mild UC (1944 pg/ml), and patients in remission (1774 pg/ml) (p = 0,207). There were no significant relationships between SuPAR levels and CRP levels, Total Mayo score, disease duration in the UC group (r = 0.177, r = 0.267, and r = 0,007; respectively p &gt; 0.05). A slightly positive correlation was found between Mayo Endoscopic Score and SuPAR level (r = 0.303; p = 0.031).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>SuPAR is of limited value in the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and in the assessment of disease activation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"24 3","pages":"Pages 175-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9659211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Streptococcus gallolyticus infection: A neglected marker for colorectal cancer?","authors":"Che Muhammad Khairul Hisyam Bin Ismail ,&nbsp;Edre Bin Mohammad Aidid ,&nbsp;Hairul Aini Binti Hamzah ,&nbsp;Mohd Shaiful Ehsan Bin Shalihin ,&nbsp;Azmi Bin Md Nor","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in Malaysia and mostly detected at advanced stages due to lack of awareness of CRC symptoms and signs. CRC pathogenesis is multifactorial, and there is ambiguous evidence on association of <span><em>Streptococcus gallolyticus</em></span> infection with CRC that needs further attention.</p><p>Thus, a case–control study was conducted to determine whether <em>S. gallolyticus</em> infection is a predictor for CRC occurrence among patients attending Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre@IIUM (SASMEC@IIUM).</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>A total of 33 stool samples from patients diagnosed with CRC and 80 from patients without CRC attending surgical clinic of SASMEC@IIUM were collected and analyzed with iFOBT test and PCR assay to detect <em>S. gallolyticus</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, the proportion of <em>S. gallolyticus</em><span> infection was higher among patients with CRC (48.5%) compared with the control group (20%). Univariate analysis<span> shows that occult blood in stool, </span></span><em>S. gallolyticus</em> infection and family history were significantly associated with the development of CRC (<em>P</em><span> &lt; 0.05). Using the multivariate logistic regression model, positive stool PCR for </span><em>S. gallolyticus</em> had the lowest relative standard error and almost five times the odds of developing CRC after adjusting other factors (adjusted odds ratio = 4.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.7–12.6, relative standard error = 59.6%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This finding suggests that <em>S. gallolyticus</em><span> infection was the strongest predictor of CRC’s development in our study and potentially serves as a predictive marker<span> for early detection of disease progression.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"24 3","pages":"Pages 163-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9800914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ChatGPT’s ability to comprehend and answer cirrhosis related questions in Arabic","authors":"Jamil S. Samaan ,&nbsp;Yee Hui Yeo ,&nbsp;Wee Han Ng ,&nbsp;Peng-Sheng Ting ,&nbsp;Hirsh Trivedi ,&nbsp;Aarshi Vipani ,&nbsp;Ju Dong Yang ,&nbsp;Omer Liran ,&nbsp;Brennan Spiegel ,&nbsp;Alexander Kuo ,&nbsp;Walid S. Ayoub","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><p>Cirrhosis is a chronic progressive disease which requires complex care. Its incidence is rising in the Arab countries making it the 7th leading cause of death in the Arab League in 2010. ChatGPT is a large language model with a growing body of literature demonstrating its ability to answer clinical questions. We examined ChatGPT’s accuracy in responding to cirrhosis related questions in Arabic and compared its performance to English.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>ChatGPTs responses to 91 questions in Arabic and English were graded by a transplant hepatologist fluent in both languages. Accuracy of responses was assessed using the scale: 1. Comprehensive, 2. Correct but inadequate, 3. Mixed with correct and incorrect/outdated data, and 4. Completely incorrect.<!--> <!-->Accuracy of Arabic compared to English responses was assessed using the scale: 1. Arabic response is more accurate, 2. Similar accuracy, 3. Arabic response is less accurate.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The model provided 22 (24.2%) comprehensive, 44 (48.4%) correct but inadequate, 13 (14.3%) mixed with correct and incorrect/outdated data and 12 (13.2%) completely incorrect Arabic responses. When comparing the accuracy of Arabic and English responses, 9 (9.9%) of the Arabic responses were graded as more accurate, 52 (57.1%) similar in accuracy and 30 (33.0%) as less accurate compared to English.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>ChatGPT has the potential to serve as an adjunct source of information for Arabic speaking patients with cirrhosis. The model provided correct responses in Arabic to 72.5% of questions, although its performance in Arabic was less accurate than in English. The model produced completely incorrect responses to 13.2% of questions, reinforcing its potential role as an adjunct and not replacement of care by licensed healthcare professionals. Future studies to refine this technology are needed to help Arabic speaking patients with cirrhosis across the globe understand their disease and improve their outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"24 3","pages":"Pages 145-148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10170769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ileal perforation due to migrated biliary stent: A case report","authors":"Lujain AlZoubi ,&nbsp;Basem Badwan ,&nbsp;Ahmad Fayyad","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ileal perforation caused by the migration of a biliary stent is a rare complication that can occur during endoscopic stent placement<span><span> for benign or malignant biliary tract diseases. The current study reports the case of a 45-year-old woman with a history of </span>Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in which a migrated biliary stent resulted in an ileal perforation.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"24 3","pages":"Pages 180-182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10226377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Hypersplenism and thrombocytopenia after exposure to ustekinumab in a patient with Crohn’s disease” [Arab J. Gastroenterol. 23 (2022) 288–289]","authors":"Mansour A. Altuwaijri ,&nbsp;Maha J. Aljasser","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"24 3","pages":"Page 187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10172830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preloading guidewire method: EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy","authors":"Hirotsugu Maruyama,&nbsp;Yuki Ishikawa-Kakiya,&nbsp;Kojiro Tanoue,&nbsp;Akira Higashimori,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Fujiwara","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"24 3","pages":"Pages 183-185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9929356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}