Arab Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Colorectal cancer subtyping and immune landscape analysis based on natural killer cell-related genes","authors":"Mei Ding ,&nbsp;Jianchao Gao ,&nbsp;Jinyan Wang ,&nbsp;Zongfu Li ,&nbsp;Xiangliang Gong ,&nbsp;Zhiyu Cui ,&nbsp;Changjun Li ,&nbsp;Hongjun Xue ,&nbsp;Dandan Li ,&nbsp;Yigang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><p>The prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is related to natural killer (NK) cells, but the molecular subtype features of CRC based on NK cells are still unknown. This study aimed to identify NK cell-related molecular subtypes of CRC and analyze the survival status and immune landscape of patients with different subtypes.</p></div><div><h3>Patients/material and methods</h3><p>mRNA expression data, single nucleotide variant (SNV) data, and clinical information of CRC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained through differential analysis, and the intersection was taken with NK cell-associated genes to obtain 103 NK cell-associated CRC DEGs (NCDEGs). Based on NCDEGs, CRC samples were divided into three clusters through unsupervised clustering analysis. Survival analysis, immune analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and tumor mutation burden (TMB) analysis were performed. Finally, NCDEG-related small-molecule drugs were screened using the CMap database.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Survival analysis revealed that cluster2 had a lower survival rate than cluster1 and cluster3 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Immune infiltration analysis found that the immune infiltration levels and immune checkpoint expression levels of cluster1_3 were substantially higher than those of cluster2, and the tumor purity was the opposite (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). GSEA presented that cluster1_3 was significantly enriched in the chemokine signaling pathway, ECM receptor interaction, and antigen processing and presentation pathways (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The TMB of cluster1_3 was significantly higher than that of cluster2 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Genes with the highest mutation rate in CRC were APC, TP53, TTN, and KRAS. Drug prediction results showed that small-molecule drugs that reverse the upregulation of NCDEGs, deoxycholic acid, dipivefrine, phenformin, and other drugs may improve the prognosis of CRC.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>NK cell-associated CRC subtypes can be used to evaluate the tumor characteristics of CRC patients and provide an important reference for CRC patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 150-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic patients with chronic hepatitis C virus response compared to non diabetics when treated with directly acting antiviral therapy","authors":"Raghda N. Marzaban ,&nbsp;Hesham I. AlMekhzangy ,&nbsp;Wafaa ElAkel ,&nbsp;Tamer M ElBaz ,&nbsp;Yehia M. ElShazly ,&nbsp;Kadry ElSaeed ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Anees ,&nbsp;Mohamed Said ,&nbsp;Magdy A. ElSerafy ,&nbsp;Gamal G. Esmat ,&nbsp;Wahid H. Doss","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><p>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) impairs glucose homoestasis, thus influences its clinical picture and prognosis.</p><p>This study aimed at evaluating Diabetes mellitus (DM) on Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), and its impact on their virologic response when treated with directly acting antiviral (DAA) medications.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>Adult patients with CHC were divided into 2 groups; Diabetic patients, and Non diabetic patients serving as control group. All patients were subjected to thorough clinical evaluation, basic biochemical laboratory tests including fasting blood glucose/glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C), and virologic assay. They were treated with various combined DAAs, and were monitored during, at and after end of treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Diabetic patients constituted 9.85 % of CHC, and had generally worse laboratory tests (significantly higher transaminases, platelet count, Fib4 and hepatic steatosis) than non diabetic patients, and a less sustained virologic response (SVR) (significantly in Sofosbuvir (SOF) + pegylated interferon (PegIFN) + ribavirin (RBV), SOF + RBV, SOF + daclatasvir (DAC)). Although DM did not play a significant influence on SVR, yet Fib4 and SOF + RBV + PEG-IFN were significant factors affecting SVR among diabetics, while female gender and viraemia were significant factors affecting SVR among non diabetics. Hepatic fibrosis and SOF/RBV significantly influenced SVR in both groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Diabetic patients with CHC have worse liver biochemical profile, yet DM per se did not influence the virologic response to DAAs, however, some factors played roles in affecting SVR among them.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 118-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary hydatid cyst of the spleen: A rare case report and literature review","authors":"Elias Makhoul ,&nbsp;Marc Harb ,&nbsp;Selim Makhoul","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Hydatidosis is an </span>endemic disease in certain areas in the world particularly in the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and South America, caused by a cestode known as </span>Echinococcus granulosus.</p><p>Humans are the accidental intermediate hosts. The liver and the lungs are the most commonly involved organ. If the parasite passes through the pulmonary capillary bed, the hydatid cyst may develop at any site in the body like bone, pancreas, brain, kidney, and orbit. Isolated spleen hydatid cyst is very rare.</p><p>We hereby report one observation of isolated hydatid cyst of the spleen in a patient living in non-endemic area and without any potential risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 230-233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139492565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to “ChatGPT’s ability to comprehend and answer cirrhosis related questions: Comment”","authors":"Jamil S. Samaan ,&nbsp;Yee Hui Yeo ,&nbsp;Walid S. Ayoub","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 237-238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute abdominal perforation as a clinical presentation of coeliac disease","authors":"Janaína Luz Narciso-Schiavon ,&nbsp;Karoline Kuhnen Fonseca ,&nbsp;Jandir Santos Silva ,&nbsp;Sarah Sayuri Tiemi Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Lee I-Ching ,&nbsp;Arthur Conelian Gentili ,&nbsp;Cintia Zimmermann De Meireles ,&nbsp;Janaina Sant'Ana Fonseca ,&nbsp;Luiz Augusto Lacombe ,&nbsp;Leonardo De Lucca Schiavon","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intestinal perforation is described in coeliac disease in the setting of refractoriness or Enteropathy-Associated T-cell Lymphoma (EATL). We report the case of a man with untreated coeliac disease who presented intestinal perforation and was diagnosed with EATL over one year later.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 64-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687197923000886/pdfft?md5=c32347956cda8657ffb1694feab55bf1&pid=1-s2.0-S1687197923000886-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urgent colonoscopy is not necessary in case of colonic diverticular bleeding without extravasation on contrast-enhanced computed tomography","authors":"Tomoya Sugiyama ,&nbsp;Yuki Kojima ,&nbsp;Yoshikazu Hirata ,&nbsp;Masahide Ebi ,&nbsp;Takashi Yoshimine ,&nbsp;Kazunori Adachi ,&nbsp;Yoshiharu Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Shinya Izawa ,&nbsp;Yasutaka Hijikata ,&nbsp;Yasushi Funaki ,&nbsp;Naotaka Ogasawara ,&nbsp;Makoto Sasaki ,&nbsp;Wataru Ohashi ,&nbsp;Satoshi Sobue ,&nbsp;Kunio Kasugai","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding (ALGIB) increase with age and the administration of antiplatelet drugs. Colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB) is the most common cause of ALGIB, and endoscopic hemostasis is an effective treatment for massive CDB. But in patients without extravasation on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), the efficacy of urgent colonoscopy (UCS) is controversial from the point of the clinical course, including rebleeding rate. We aimed to establish a potential strategy including UCS for CDB patients without extravasation on CECT.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>Patients from two centers treated for CDB without extravasation on CECT between July 2014 and July 2019 were retrospectively identified (n = 282). Seventy-four underwent UCS, and 208 received conservative management. We conducted two analyses. The first analysis investigates the risk factors of rebleeding rate within 5 days after administration (very early rebleeding), and no UCS (NUCS) was not the independent factor of the very early rebleeding. The second analysis is whether UCS positively influenced the clinical course after hospitalization.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The prevalence of very early rebleeding and early rebleeding (6–30 days from admission), patients requiring blood transfusion within 0–5 days and 6–30 days post-admission, and duration of hospitalization were examined as clinical course factors between UCS and NUCS group. There was no significant difference between the UCS and non-UCS groups in the clinical course factors. UCS for the CDB patients without extravasation was not improved rebleeding rate and clinical course.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>UCS is not necessary in case of<!--> <!-->CDB patient without extravasation on CECT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687197923000916/pdfft?md5=5e4b55ffe2679cb2cdae69c29797168b&pid=1-s2.0-S1687197923000916-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of chronic atrophic gastritis with gastric-specific circulating biomarkers","authors":"Haitao Yu ,&nbsp;Haibing Wang ,&nbsp;Haigang Pang ,&nbsp;Qingju Sun ,&nbsp;Ying Lu ,&nbsp;Qunying Wang ,&nbsp;Wenzhu Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><p>It has been suggested that the combined detection of multiple serum biomarkers can effectively screen out the high-risk population of chronic atrophic gastritis in the general population. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an effective predictive model of chronic atrophic gastritis.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>Serum biopsies were assessed using five stomach-specific circulating biomarkers pepsinogen I (PGI), PGII, PGI/II ratio, anti- H. pylori antibody, and gastrin-17 (G-17) to identify high-risk individuals and evaluate the risk of developing chronic atrophic gastritis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the cross-sectional analysis, PGII, the PG ratio, G17, anti- H. pylori IgG were positively associated with the presence of chronic atrophic gastritis, and combined prediction of the five biomarkers was more accurate than single-factor prediction ((0.692 vs 0.54(PG1), 0.604 (PGⅡ), 0.616(PGI/II ratio), 0.629(G-17)).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The combination of PGI, PGII, the PGI/II ratio, G17, and anti-H. pylori antibodies for serological analysis are helpful to screen chronic atrophic gastritis high-risk subjects from the general population and recommend that these people carry out further endoscopy and biopsy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 37-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687197923000928/pdfft?md5=494bd49a3402ed51d64006fc2b272c57&pid=1-s2.0-S1687197923000928-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced non-alcoholic fatty liver detection: Computed tomography scan image analysis and noise reduction with morphological dilation","authors":"Kishan Dev Pithani,&nbsp;Radhika Vadhi","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by accumulation of fat in the liver cells caused by means other than alcohol consumption. It is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide and can lead to severe conditions, such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. NAFLD is often associated with other metabolic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes, and is closely related to lifestyle factors, such as diet and physical activity <span>[1]</span>. The diagnosis as well as management of NAFLD are complex and involve a multidisciplinary approach. The available treatment options include lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and in severe cases, liver transplantation. The increasing prevalence of NAFLD highlights the urgent requirement of effective prevention and management strategies.</p><p>This disease is a growing health concern in India, given the rise in the incidence of obesity and diabetes. According to a study published in the Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology in 2020, the prevalence of NAFLD in India is estimated to be between 9% and 32%. In accordance with the research population and diagnostic criteria employed, a study published in the Indian Journal of Gastroenterology in 2019 found that the prevalence of NAFLD in India ranged from 9.6% to 32.3% <span>[2]</span>. The same study also revealed that the prevalence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a highly severe form of NAFLD, ranged from 1.5% to 8.4%. These statistics highlight the need for increased awareness and preventive measures to manage the growing burden of NAFLD in India.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687197923000576/pdfft?md5=74995442952054b0256f94f360d01b03&pid=1-s2.0-S1687197923000576-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139507582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brunner’s gland hamartomas: Not always benign","authors":"Manar Shmais ,&nbsp;Ahmad Mousawi ,&nbsp;Fadi Mourad ,&nbsp;Ala I. Sharara","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brunner’s gland hamartoma (BGH) is a rare, benign tumor of the duodenum. It is mostly asymptomatic and usually found incidentally on routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). However, some BGHs present with major complications including anemia, bleeding, obstruction, or dysplasia, requiring management and resection of these lesions. Herein, we present two cases of large BGHs of the duodenum, one presenting as severe gastrointestinal bleeding and the other, noted on EGD for iron deficiency anemia, found to have high grade dysplasia. This literature review discusses the rare serious complications of BGH, including iron deficiency anemia, overt gastrointestinal bleeding, and malignant potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 70-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687197923001132/pdfft?md5=040518dc2d60f69f029e12b4bb342451&pid=1-s2.0-S1687197923001132-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139647334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GPC2 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker regulated progression of colorectal cancer","authors":"Rugang Wang ,&nbsp;Xuan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2023.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><p>Glypican 2 (GPC2) is a member of the glypican gene family and is expressed in multiple kinds of cancer. However, the function and mechanism of GPC2 in colorectal cancer remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify the role of GPC2 on tumor cell proliferation and survival in colorectal cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>Ten pairs of colon cancer and matched normal colon tissues were collected in this research. GEPIA was used to analysis the GPC2 gene expression profile in TGCA data base. RT-qPCR and western blot assay were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expressions. CCK-8, Flow cytometry and colon formation assay were applied to evaluate cell viability. IHC staining was performed to evaluate the protein expression in tissues. The function of GPC2 in vivo was verified by an animal model of colon cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Through the bioinformatics analysis and qRT-PCR validation, we found that GPC2 was upregulated in the colon cancer tissues and cells. GPC2 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo was confirmed by the results of CCK-8, colony formation assays, and tumor xenograft models. Moreover, by the analysis of flow cytometry assay and gain-or-loss function experiments, we discovered that CEP164 was highly associated with the expression state of GPC2, and mediated G2/M-phase arrest in GPC2-downregulated tumor cells.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>GPC2 might be a novel oncogenic gene in colorectal cancer, suggesting that it could be a considerable marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 51-57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687197923001053/pdfft?md5=398e9e762dc2011fc25443c44cdb8383&pid=1-s2.0-S1687197923001053-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}