Arab Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Ulcerative colitis complicated by granulomatosis with polyangiitis treated with tacrolimus","authors":"Kazuya Miyaguchi ,&nbsp;Kaho Ishimoto ,&nbsp;Hisashi Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Rie Shiomi ,&nbsp;Mei Hamada ,&nbsp;Yoshikazu Tsuzuki ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Imaeda","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.09.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 64-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and purpura on her face and extremities. She had previously been treated with mesalazine for ulcerative colitis. Tests revealed anaemia, elevated inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 82 mm/h; C-reactive protein concentration, 13.05 mg/dL), and a high proteinase 3-specific antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody level (94.8 U/mL). Computed tomography showed oedematous thickening of the intestinal wall from the ascending colon to the sigmoid colon. Colonoscopy revealed inflammation of the leukocytoclastic vasculitis, consistent with granulomatosis with polyangiitis mucosa, and the sigmoid colon had various ulcers with mucosal inflammation. Skin biopsy revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis, indicative of granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Prednisolone (40 mg/day) and tacrolimus (4 mg) resolved the symptoms. To our knowledge, this is the first report of successful tacrolimus therapy for ulcerative colitis complicated by granulomatosis with polyangiitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"27 1","pages":"Pages 135-139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of curcumin against pancreatitis","authors":"Mahdieh Khoshakhlagh ,&nbsp;Anju Majeed ,&nbsp;Sercan Karav ,&nbsp;Prashant Kesharwani ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pancreatitis is a serious inflammatory disorder marked by a disruption between protective enzymes and stress signals released through various processes. The key features of both acute and chronic pancreatitis include oxidative stress and damage to acinar cells, which are indicative of these inflammatory conditions. The advancement of acute pancreatitis (AP) to chronic pancreatitis (CP) occurs due to the development of fibrosis and atrophy due to chronic inflammation and autodigestion. Various factors contribute to the pathological characteristics of these diseases. The severity of pancreatitis is influenced by the levels of activated inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), chemokines, and cytokines. Additionally, the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the opening of the mitochondrial membrane transition pore in the pancreas have been linked to the onset of pancreatitis. Increasing experimental evidence suggests that certain phytochemical compounds found in natural plants may have a positive impact on AP. Curcumin, the bioactive phytochemical from turmeric, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. In the current review, we focus on curcumin’s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which can contribute to the prevention and treatment of pancreatitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"27 1","pages":"Pages 144-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146068027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary gastric inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor with liver invasion and metastasis: A case report","authors":"Sadullah Şimşek ,&nbsp;Mehmet Salih Karaca ,&nbsp;Tarık Sağlam ,&nbsp;Fatma Şule Kutlar Dursun","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"27 1","pages":"Pages 140-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depletion of FOXO4 promotes the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by aggravating high-fat diet-induced liver injury by increasing SPP1 expression","authors":"Li Huang ,&nbsp;Guanghui Qian ,&nbsp;Aimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Xu ,&nbsp;Shuhui Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Wenjie Li ,&nbsp;Duane Wang ,&nbsp;Miao Hou ,&nbsp;Haitao Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.09.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.09.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver condition worldwide. Although forkhead box O4 (FOXO4) is implicated in liver diseases, its role in NAFLD remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>FOXO4 knockout mice were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 and fed a normal or high-fat diet (NFD/HFD). Human hepatic stellate cell line (LX-2) cells were transfected <em>in vitro</em> with a FOXO4 siRNA plasmid.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twelve weeks of HFD feeding downregulated FOXO4 expression and reduced its colocalization with hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α). HFD-fed mice exhibited increased liver-to-body weight ratios; marked lipid/glycogen accumulation; and elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and nonesterified fatty acid levels. These pathological manifestations were further exacerbated upon genetic ablation of FOXO4. Specifically, FOXO4 knockout aggravated HFD-induced upregulation of α-smooth muscle actin protein; increased the expression of profibrotic genes (including collagen type I alpha 1 chain, transforming growth factor-β1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1) and inflammatory mediators (such as interleukin-1β, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor-α); and increased hepatocyte apoptosis. Mechanistically, FOXO4 suppressed secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) expression in LX-2 cells via direct binding to the SPP1 promoter and transcriptional suppression of its activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>FOXO4 downregulation exacerbates HFD-induced NAFLD progression via SPP1-dependent steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, thereby suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"27 1","pages":"Pages 51-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of the best artificial intelligence techniques for analysis of gastrointestinal endoscopic images","authors":"Guoli You ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Yang Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.09.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aim</h3><div>Comprehensive identification and prioritization of artificial intelligence methods developed for the analysis of gastrointestinal endoscopic images can help in selecting the most appropriate techniques. This study aimed to introduce the best artificial intelligence techniques developed for analyzing gastrointestinal endoscopic images using fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS methods.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>To identify the artificial intelligence techniques developed, a systematic search was conducted across five reputable databases. Subsequently, the Delphi method was employed to establish appropriate criteria for selecting the best artificial intelligence techniques. To estimate the relative weights of these criteria, the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) was utilized. Finally, to prioritize the identified artificial intelligence techniques, the technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>70 artificial intelligence techniques were identified. Seven selection criteria were introduced: validity, accuracy, comprehensiveness, processing time, cost, simplicity, and executive capability. The top methods selected were the computer-aided detection (CAD) system (0.8203), the human color appearance model (CIECAM) (0.8122), the combined method (PD-CNN-PCC-EELM) (0.8109), the combined method (DNN-CAD) (0.7928), and the ResNet18 deep learning model (0.7921), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings represent a comprehensive approach to the developed techniques, which can be utilized to design methods with improved performance in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"27 1","pages":"Pages 22-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of periampullary duodenal diverticula on the occurrence and characteristics of pancreaticobiliary diseases: a comparative analysis","authors":"Zhenyun Gong ,&nbsp;Fei Liu ,&nbsp;Yiwen Xu ,&nbsp;Duanmin Hu ,&nbsp;Mingjie Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.09.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.09.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>Periampullary diverticula (PAD), often detected incidentally during imaging or endoscopy, has been linked to pancreaticobiliary diseases. Previous studies focusing on ERCP patients may overestimate PAD prevalence and its association with these diseases. This study aimed to explore the relationship between PAD characteristics, including size and type, and the occurrence of pancreaticobiliary diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Patients who underwent gastroscopy at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2018 to December 2022 and were found to have PAD (PAD group) were selected. A control group of patients without PAD was matched by gender and age in a 1:3 ratio. The characteristics of PAD and its correlation with pancreaticobiliary diseases were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The detection rate of PAD was 0.73 %. A total of 389 patients in the PAD group and 1,167 in the control group were included. The incidence of pancreaticobiliary diseases was significantly higher in the PAD group compared to the control group (51.2 % vs. 32.6 %, P &lt; 0.001). Elderly PAD patients (&gt;60 years) had larger diverticula and a higher incidence of pancreaticobiliary diseases than non-elderly PAD patients (≤60 years). Among different types of PAD, Type I PAD patients had the highest incidence of gallbladder stones and acute pancreatitis. No statistically significant correlation was found between PAD size and pancreaticobiliary diseases, and the incidence of bile duct stones was lower in the giant diverticulum group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The presence of PAD is significantly associated with pancreaticobiliary diseases, particularly in elderly PAD patients and those with Type I PAD, where there is a strong correlation with biliary diseases and acute pancreatitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"27 1","pages":"Pages 61-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term outcomes of children diagnosed with indeterminate colitis","authors":"Serenay Cetinoglu ,&nbsp;Betul Aksoy ,&nbsp;Ilksen Demir ,&nbsp;Sinem Kahveci ,&nbsp;Senay Onbası Karabag ,&nbsp;Selen Guler ,&nbsp;Yeliz Cagan Appak ,&nbsp;Masallah Baran","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>A third subtype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is indeterminate colitis (IC). The clinical course of IC has not been well defined in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of children with IC during the follow-up period.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>All data were retrospectively reviewed in children diagnosed with IC in our center between 2010 and 2022. Patients’ demographics, family history, laboratory findings at diagnosis, serologic immune markers, and clinical findings were noted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 185 children diagnosed with IBD between 2010 and 2022, 29 (15.7 %) were classified as having IC. Sixteen patients (55.1 %) were male. A concomitant autoimmune disease was present in seven patients (25 %). Five of the seven patients with additional autoimmune diseases were female. Among the patients with IC, 14 (48 %) had pancolonic involvement in colonoscopy at the time of diagnosis. During follow-up, extraintestinal features of IBD manifested in four (13.7 %) patients, three (10.3 %) patients with arthritis, and one patient (3.4 %) with arthritis and psoriasis. Six patients (20.6 %) harbored pathogenic variants in IBD-related genes, including NOD2 (n = 2), IL10RA (n = 1), and Mediterranean fever (MEFV) (n = 3). Two patients were reclassified as having ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) during follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The detection of significant genetic mutations in one-fifth of the patients highlights the need for genetic evaluation, particularly in those with additional autoimmune conditions. Close monitoring of patients in this regard is crucial to ensure the success of treatment and to address any potential complications arising from immune-related issues. More comprehensive studies are essential in this context to understand the course of the disease and improve patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"27 1","pages":"Pages 108-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146068016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on “Clinical features and temporal trends in H. pylori negative gastric maltoma”","authors":"Ali Beheshti Namdar,&nbsp;Masoud Keikha","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 4","pages":"Pages 320-321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of salivary calprotectin in monitoring Crohn’s disease: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Awni Abu Sneineh ,&nbsp;Sara Haj Ali ,&nbsp;Maryam Ali Alani ,&nbsp;Joud Al Karmi ,&nbsp;Feras Al Karmi ,&nbsp;Mina F. Al-Wandawi ,&nbsp;Suzan Al Bdour ,&nbsp;Lana Agraib ,&nbsp;Rasha Mohammed Ali ,&nbsp;Mamoun Ahram","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>Noninvasive biomarkers are needed to monitor disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease, as current methods—including blood tests, endoscopy, imaging, and fecal calprotectin—are invasive, costly, or burdensome. This study explored salivary calprotectin as a potential biomarker for Crohn’s disease activity.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional exploratory study. Unstimulated saliva was collected from patients with an established diagnosis of Crohn’s disease and matched healthy controls. Disease activity was determined via the Crohn’s disease Activity Index. Salivary calprotectin was measured in 20 μl saliva samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Samples were collected from 42 patients with Crohn’s disease (mean age 36.3 ± 14.2 years, 52.4 % male) and 41 age-matched healthy controls (mean age 38 ± 13.4 years, 58.5 % male). For patients with Crohn’s disease, the median salivary calprotectin level was 0.08 (IQR 0.05–0.14) ug/ml compared to 0.06 (IQR 0.03–0.13) ug/ml in healthy controls (<em>p</em> = 0.161). Among patients with Crohn’s disease, levels were similar in remission (0.10, IQR 0.05–0.15 μg/mL) and active disease (0.07, IQR 0.03–0.10 μg/mL; <em>p</em> = 0.091). No correlation was observed between salivary calprotectin and Crohn’s disease activity index scores (Spearman’s r = −0.136, <em>p</em> = 0.392).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Salivary calprotectin did not distinguish patients with Crohn’s disease from healthy controls or correlate with disease activity. While noninvasive, it does not appear to be a clinically useful biomarker for monitoring Crohn’s disease. Further research may clarify its role in inflammatory bowel disease or identify more promising biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 4","pages":"Pages 368-372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of oral-gastric treatment and family therapy on H. Pylori eradication and recurrence","authors":"Zhiqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Fang Yuan ,&nbsp;Chao Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>Helicobacter pylori (<em>H. pylori</em>) infections are notably difficult to eradicate due to high antibiotic resistance and frequent reinfection. This study evaluates the effectiveness of combining oral and gastric treatments with synchronized family therapy compared to standard therapy for <em>H. pylori</em> management.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Conducted at Cangshan Hospital of the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, the study included 180 patients divided into three groups: standard triple therapy (Group A), triple therapy plus oral treatment (Group B), and triple therapy with oral treatment and synchronized family therapy (Group C). Eradication and recurrence were measured at 3 and 6 months using stool antigen tests and 14C-urea breath tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Initial eradication rates were similar across the three groups. By 3 months, eradication rates reached 76.7 % in Group A, 86.7 % in Group B, and 93.3 % in Group C. At 6 months, these rates were 61.7 %, 66.7 %, and 90 %, respectively. Concurrently, recurrence rates at 6 months climbed to 33.9 % and 29.8 % in Groups A and B, respectively, but remained low at 5.3 % in Group C.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The addition of synchronized family therapy significantly enhances long-term eradication and reduces recurrence rates, suggesting its potential for incorporation into standard <em>H. pylori</em> treatment protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 4","pages":"Pages 347-351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}