Structures最新文献_第7页

Exploring honeycomb structures: A review of their types, general applications, and role in vibration damping and structural stability 蜂窝结构的研究：综述了蜂窝结构的类型、一般应用及其在减振和结构稳定性方面的作用

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108837

Hasan M. Hameed, Hamad M. Hasan

{"title":"Exploring honeycomb structures: A review of their types, general applications, and role in vibration damping and structural stability","authors":"Hasan M. Hameed, Hamad M. Hasan","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Honeycomb structures are increasingly used in engineering constructions subjected to dynamic stresses, including earthquakes, explosions, and strong winds to lower vibrations. Their unique geometry and mechanical properties, stiffness and low weight help them to be good at enhancing structural stability. This paper addresses several techniques for vibration reduction, including honeycomb constructions, and investigates the developments that have resulted in their acceptance. Emphasizing their broad-ranging practical uses, several forms of honeycomb structures and their mechanical characteristics are presented. Unlike previous studies that usually only partially addressed these issues, the proposed study includes a detailed investigation of the impact of honeycomb structures on vibrations and structural stability under dynamic loads. The study also looks at modern honeycomb structure forms meant to increase their performance against dynamic loads, therefore filling in knowledge gaps in the current literature. Studies reveal that honeycomb structures improve stability under dynamic loads and aid in lowering vibrations. Furthermore, the honeycomb core's negative Poisson's ratio reduces nonlinear responses and increases load distribution, hence improving dynamic performance. Moreover, by offering fresh information and insights on their potential to accomplish structural safety and stability, this study confirms the role of honeycomb structures as a fundamental element in modern engineering solutions for vibration problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108837"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amplification mechanism of double rhombic struts in adaptive beam string structures 自适应梁串结构中双菱形支撑的放大机理

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108910

Jun Zou , Zhiyin Xu , Jinyu Lu , Haichen Zhang , Zhicheng Sha , Na Li

{"title":"Amplification mechanism of double rhombic struts in adaptive beam string structures","authors":"Jun Zou , Zhiyin Xu , Jinyu Lu , Haichen Zhang , Zhicheng Sha , Na Li","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inadequate control accuracy and sensitivity of active struts in adaptive beam string structures (ABSS) significantly limit their adaptability to various external loads. In response to this challenge, a novel adaptive beam string structure with double rhombic struts (DRABSS) was proposed. The upper and lower rhombic active struts were designed to improve control accuracy and sensitivity, respectively. A geometric displacement and force model of the double rhombic strut was established to analyze the influence of the initial angle on its control function. A design formula for the double rhombic strut was derived and verified for accuracy. Furthermore, considering the structural response as the optimization objective, research on a specific model of DRABSS under active control was conducted using genetic algorithms (GA). The results indicate that optimizing the structural displacement is more effective in achieving the desired control values than optimizing stress. When displacement is selected as the control objective, the control effectiveness of displacement under full-span load is optimal. When stress is considered the control objective, the control effectiveness of stress under symmetric loads is better than that under asymmetric loads. Multi-objective optimization control is an effective method for reducing the risk of optimization results falling into local optima compared to single-objective optimization control, and the higher control requirements for both displacement and stress can be achieved simultaneously.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108910"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fracture simulation and constitutive model of shear connections with bolt failure under low-cycle fatigue loading 低周疲劳载荷下螺栓破坏剪切连接断裂模拟及本构模型

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108937

Jingyi Xie , Wenyuan Zhang , Haifeng Yu

{"title":"Fracture simulation and constitutive model of shear connections with bolt failure under low-cycle fatigue loading","authors":"Jingyi Xie , Wenyuan Zhang , Haifeng Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bolted shear connections are widely used in steel braced frames. The plate or high–strength bolt in shear connection is prone to low-cycle fatigue fracture under seismic loading. While the plate failure has been well–studied, research on bolt failure remains limited. Therefore, the fracture simulation and constitutive model of shear connections with bolt failure under low-cycle fatigue loading are investigated. The solid model effectively captures the low-cycle fatigue fracture of bolt, while a simplified modeling method–using improved constitutive model–reduces computation time by about 83 %. Based on experimental validation, both models predict shear capacity, low–cycle fatigue life, energy dissipation, and initial stiffness within a 15 % error margin. Parameters of the combined hardening model suited for high–strength bolts of diverse strength grades are given. The ductile damage initiation and evolution curves used in the solid model can provide a valuable reference for fatigue fracture simulation of bolts. It is recommended that the ratio of bolt diameter to the equivalent mesh size should be above 5.5 to make accurate predictions for low–cycle fatigue life and stress. Adjustments of ± 30 % in two damage parameters showed no impact on fatigue life. Under cyclic loading, thread simplification using nominal diameter and 78 % material strength maintains modeling accuracy. The constitutive models for bolted connections in finite element analysis are established through multiple connectors. Furthermore, this study outlines the methodology for determining the constitutive model and the superposition principle of multiple connectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismic performance of column using extrusion sleeve connection and precast reinforcement cage with XPS permanent templates 使用挤压套筒连接和带 XPS 永久模板的预制钢筋笼的支柱抗震性能

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108899

Jiaheng Zhang , Xiaomeng Ding , Teng Tong , Zhongfan Chen , Shuai Zhao

{"title":"Seismic performance of column using extrusion sleeve connection and precast reinforcement cage with XPS permanent templates","authors":"Jiaheng Zhang , Xiaomeng Ding , Teng Tong , Zhongfan Chen , Shuai Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new construction method is proposed to address the challenges associated with the construction of column-column joints in precast reinforced concrete (RC) frames. This methodology incorporates the use of expanded polystyrene (XPS) permanent insulation templates for pre-assembled reinforcement cages, coupled with extrusion sleeve splicing techniques. Low-cyclic loading tests were conducted on three column specimens fabricated using this method and one cast-in-place RC column specimen. The test results indicated that bending failure was the prevalent failure mode across all specimens. The column using the new construction method showed comparable bearing capacity and stiffness to the cast-in-place column, with a minor enhancement in energy dissipation capacity. The extrusion sleeve splicing demonstrated effective stress transfer capabilities as a Grade I splice, while the splice area percentage of 100 % within the bottom section of the column had a limited impact on the seismic performance. Unlike columns utilizing grouting sleeve splicing, the existence of XPS permanent templates and extrusion sleeve splicing did not alter the position of the plastic hinge. In addition, the study performed model validation and parametric analysis of the finite element model. Both experimental and numerical results indicated that an increase in the axial compression ratio and longitudinal reinforcement ratio significantly enhances lateral bearing capacity, stiffness, and energy dissipation. In contrast, the effect of increasing the volume stirrup ratio on lateral bearing capacity was found to be less pronounced. Finally, the proposed calculation method, which references the mechanical model of common RC columns, was deemed suitable for accurately determining the flexural capacity of the novel column specimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108899"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Triangular Pyramid Scissor‐Jack‐Damper for Enhanced Stability and Efficiency 三角金字塔剪刀-千斤顶-阻尼器，提高稳定性和效率

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108920

Yi-Qiong Cui , Shi-Li Guo , Yang Xiang , Jinkoo Kim , Hua-Jian Jin , Guo-Qiang Li

{"title":"Triangular Pyramid Scissor‐Jack‐Damper for Enhanced Stability and Efficiency","authors":"Yi-Qiong Cui , Shi-Li Guo , Yang Xiang , Jinkoo Kim , Hua-Jian Jin , Guo-Qiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scissor-jack-damper (SJD), an advanced variant of the toggle-brace-damper, has encountered some small-to-medium applications in several practical projects. The application of large SJD is rather limited because it suffers out-of-plane instabilities, which is due to the SJD’s planar configuration tagged by a low out-of-plane stiffness. To fix up this problem and to further explore the advantage of the SJD mechanism, the authors of this paper utilize an asymmetric 3D arrangement of rods and dampers to generate a triangular pyramid “3 dampers - 6 rods” layout. The novel structuring scheme exhibits not only an enhanced robustness with better global stability but also an elevated efficiency. In this study, the displacement amplification factor, force amplification factor, and the equivalent damping coefficient of the proposed SJD are derived, wherein the force equilibrium (or energy conservation in a substitutive process) and the geometrical compatibility are accounted for. Taylor’s series expansion and a simplified truncation are adopted to process the nonlinearity of the spatial SJD. The accuracy of the theoretical expression is proved against numerical modelling. It is shown that the equivalent damping coefficient of the dampers integrated in the novel SJD can be amplified by more than 10 times via a reasonable design configuration. The included angle <em>θ</em> between the rods plays the most important role in adjusting the amplification factor <em>η</em> of the SJD, e.g, the value of <em>η</em> drops from 14.01 to 7.13 as <em>θ</em> increases from 15° to 25° in a typical design scheme. An illustrative applicational example of the proposed SJD is provided. Compared with the conventional damper installation configuration, the 4-story demonstrative frame equipped with the proposed SJD shows a 52 % and a 26 % reduction in the peak roof displacement and the peak base shear, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-output time history prediction for seismic responses of structures with uncertain parameters via deep learning 通过深度学习对参数不确定结构的地震反应进行多输出时间历程预测

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108905

Qiang-Ming Zhong , Shi-Zhi Chen , De-Cheng Feng

{"title":"Multi-output time history prediction for seismic responses of structures with uncertain parameters via deep learning","authors":"Qiang-Ming Zhong , Shi-Zhi Chen , De-Cheng Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventionally, the design and assessments of structures would involve a large number of structural analyses. This process is usually realized by refined finite element models, which is extremely time-consuming. Recent advancements in the data-driven deep learning (DL) models have opened a viable avenue for forecasting time history responses. Nevertheless, most existing DL surrogate models treat the load as the sole input parameter, neglecting the impact of structural properties. Due to this limitation, it becomes impossible to achieve uncertainty quantification of response that considers stochastic structural parameters. Under this circumstance, two methods are proposed to incorporate structural parameters and ground motions (GMs) into input sources for predicting seismic responses in the present study. In this way, uncertainties within both structural parameters and GMs could be considered during uncertainty quantification of seismic response. The proposed methods’ feasibility was verified through a numerical case study involving a typical reinforced concrete frame structure. Furthermore, two benchmark methods that exclude structural parameters as input sources were employed to compare. Additionally, the application of seismic reliability analysis on the basis of these methods is elucidated. The results show that the proposed methods not only enhance the prediction precision and robustness of surrogate models compared with two benchmark methods but also achieve uncertainty quantification of seismic response considering uncertainties in structural parameters and GMs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108905"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probabilistic prediction of post-earthquake rubble risk distribution range for bottom frame structures 底部框架结构震后瓦砾风险分布范围的概率预测

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108779

Yuhan He , Changhai Zhai , Weiping Wen

引用次数: 0

Structural damage identification using phase space matrix with convolutional neural networks 利用卷积神经网络相空间矩阵识别结构损伤

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108885

Yue Zhong , Jun Li , Hong Hao , Ling Li , Ruhua Wang

{"title":"Structural damage identification using phase space matrix with convolutional neural networks","authors":"Yue Zhong , Jun Li , Hong Hao , Ling Li , Ruhua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Structural health monitoring is an important field for ensuring the safety and reliability of structures. This paper proposes a structural damage identification approach using phase space matrix with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The proposed approach has two key advantages. First, it is highly sensitive to structural damage, while remaining robust to measurement noise and modelling uncertainties. This is achieved by transforming the raw sensor data into a multi-dimensional phase space matrix via delay-coordinate embedding, which captures the underlying dynamics of the structure. The developed CNN model, incorporating convolutional layers, batch normalization and the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) activation, is then trained to identify both the location and severity of structural damage. Second, the proposed approach only requires a few sensor measurements to identify structural damage, making it cost-effective and practical for real-world applications. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed approach are investigated through numerical simulations of an eight-story shear-type steel frame model and experimental verifications on a steel frame structure under hammer impact excitations. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves a high accuracy in detecting structural damage locations and quantifying damage severity, even in the presence of high levels of measurement noise and finite element modelling uncertainty. The proposed approach shows a great potential for enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of structural health monitoring and damage detection for structures with only limited sensor measurement data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108885"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical investigation of the seismic performance of steel-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete beams 钢配筋超高性能混凝土梁抗震性能试验与数值研究

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-04-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108883

Zhiyu Zhu , Liang Wei , Kun Wang , Huajie Shang , Ming Zhang , Dongdong Yang

{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation of the seismic performance of steel-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete beams","authors":"Zhiyu Zhu , Liang Wei , Kun Wang , Huajie Shang , Ming Zhang , Dongdong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the seismic performance of steel reinforced ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) beams, four steel-reinforced UHPC beams and one steel-reinforced normal concrete (NC) beam were designed and fabricated for comparison. Low-cycle reversed loading tests were conducted, and key parameters such as reinforcement ratio, steel ratio, stirrup ratio, and concrete type (UHPC and NC) were evaluated. Finite element models of the steel-reinforced UHPC and NC beams were developed using the OpenSees platform, and the results were validated against test data. A formula for calculating the flexural capacity of the UHPC beam cross-section was proposed. The results showed that the hysteretic curves of the steel-reinforced UHPC beams were full, and the skeleton curves declined slowly after peak load, indicating excellent ductility and energy dissipation capacity. Increasing the reinforcement ratio and steel ratio effectively enhanced the peak bearing capacity of the beams. When the stirrup ratio was increased from 0.67 % to 1.3 %, the peak load increased by only 3.8 %, but the energy dissipation capacity after the peak load significantly improved. Compared to the steel-reinforced NC beams, the peak bearing capacity of the steel-reinforced UHPC beams improved by 30.7 %. The proposed formula for calculating the flexural capacity of the steel-reinforced UHPC beams based on the neutral axis position showed good agreement with the test and numerical results. The findings of this study provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the application of steel-reinforced UHPC beams in seismic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108883"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance of concrete-filled outer stainless-inner mild steel tube columns under eccentric compression 偏心受压下外不锈钢-内钢管混凝土柱的性能研究

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

Structures Pub Date : 2025-04-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108879

Pengtuan Zhao, Huinan Wei, Buqiao Fan, Rongbin Hou

{"title":"Performance of concrete-filled outer stainless-inner mild steel tube columns under eccentric compression","authors":"Pengtuan Zhao, Huinan Wei, Buqiao Fan, Rongbin Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete-filled outer stainless- inner mild steel tube (CFSMST) columns, consisting of outer stainless steel tube, inner mild steel tube, and infilled concrete, exhibit significant potential for widespread application in high-rise buildings and coastal structures due to their remarkable load-bearing capacity and outstanding corrosion resistance. Nevertheless, the mechanical behavior under eccentric compression of CFSMST columns remains unclear, and there is also a pressing need for the formulation of practical design guidelines specific to this type construction. This study conducts an experimental analysis of the mechanical performance of CFSMST columns under eccentric compression. A total of nine columns, including two Concrete-filled outer stainless steel tube (CFSST) columns and seven CFSMST columns, are fabricated and subjected to eccentric loading. The failure modes, ductility, deformation, strain responses, and steel tube confinement effect of the specimens are analyzed. The influences of inner tube wall thickness, concrete strength, and eccentricity are investigated. Test results indicate that the presence of an inner mild steel tube greatly improves the strength and ductility of the CFSST specimens. Theoretical models for predicting the ultimate bearing strength of CFSMST specimens under eccentric loading are proposed. Numerical calculation for tracking the load-mid span lateral deflection curve during the loading process is established by fiber element method (FEM).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 108879"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0