Structures最新文献

{"title":"Deflection analysis of pre-stressed concrete beam with local corrosion","authors":"Huang Tang ,&nbsp;Jianxin Peng ,&nbsp;Hui Peng ,&nbsp;Yiming Yang ,&nbsp;Hai Li ,&nbsp;Yaping Ge ,&nbsp;Junyi Xiao ,&nbsp;Shuhao Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to investigate the influence of local corrosion on the deflection of pre-stress concrete beam, the advanced curvature integral method and the step stiffness method are introduced in this paper, the calculation results are compared with the tested results and the measuring results of practical bridge. At last, the influence of parameters such as the corrosion rate, length of corrosion area, corrosion location and reinforcement ratio on the deflection of local corroded PC beam are analyzed. The results show that the advanced curvature integral method can predict the deflection of corroded tested PC beams and the real main beam of bridge, and which is more accurately than step stiffness method, but the calculated time of step stiffness method is significantly reduced and meeting the needs of engineering inspection for calculating the deflection of real bridge. When the corrosion rate reaches 15 %, the corrosion rate is the main parameter affecting the flexural stiffness of PC beam. For the local corrosion length from 0.5 m to 2 m, the deflection of PC beam with different corrosion length is relatively close. For bridges where the corrosion length is less than 50 % of beam length, the calculation results will be too conservative if the effect of corrosion length is omitted. When the reinforcement rate exceeds 3.5 %, the reduction of deflection is decreased. The local corrosion has a more significant effect on PC beam with lower reinforcement rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 110457"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesoscale and macroscale modelling for nonlinear analysis of masonry wall structures under cyclic loading","authors":"Luca Bomben ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Macorini ,&nbsp;Corrado Chisari ,&nbsp;Bassam A. Izzuddin","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper investigates the nonlinear response of unreinforced masonry wall components under seismic loading. Finite element models formulated according to different scales of representation for masonry are compared, focusing on the hysteretic behaviour under in-plane cyclic loading up to collapse. To this aim, brick-masonry wall structures, including two panels with different aspect ratios and a large two-storey perforated wall, as well as block-masonry wall panels subjected to various vertical loads, all previously tested under horizontal cyclic loading, are analysed. The results of macro and mesoscale simulations are compared against the experimental findings to assess the ability to represent strength and stiffness degradation and the amount of dissipated energy. Emphasis is laid upon the objectivity of the definition and calibration of the model material parameters to assess how their selection affects the response predictions. The comparison highlights differences in predictive accuracy, numerical robustness, variability of results, and computational cost. The results show that the macroscale approach adopted herein, despite its computational robustness, yields widely variable results and may significantly deviate from experimental observations. In contrast, the mesoscale results appear less scattered and accurate, but the computational burden is far more significant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 110209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a novel strength predictive modeling for 3D printable geopolymer concrete: An interpretable data-driven approach","authors":"Md Nasir Uddin ,&nbsp;Md Ibrahim Mostazid ,&nbsp;Md Abdul Motaleb Faysal ,&nbsp;Xijun Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D printed geopolymer concrete (3DP-GPC) offers the potential for faster construction and intricate design implementation. However, optimizing the mix design remains a major challenge due to the complexity of geopolymer chemistry and the reliance on trial-and-error experimentation. Prior studies using machine learning (ML) have largely focused on fiber-reinforced GPC, leaving plain 3DP-GPC underexplored despite its fundamental importance for material optimization in 3D printing. This study addresses this gap by systematically applying and comparing four gradient-boosting ML models, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and NGBoost, to predict compressive strength (CS) and flexural strength (FS) of plain 3DP-GPC. A dataset of over 500 entries was compiled from literature, normalized in terms of oxide composition of activators and curing parameters to reduce heterogeneity. The dataset was divided into training (80 %) and testing (20 %) subsets, with hyperparameter tuning performed via 5-fold cross-validation using GridSearchCV from Scikit-learn to ensure robust and computationally efficient model training. The models achieved high accuracy in predicting the CS of 3D-GPC, with R² values ranging from 0.900 to 0.902 (training) and 0.899–0.900 (testing). FS prediction was also promising, with R² values of 0.864–0.877 (training) and 0.791–0.808 (testing). SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations) analysis identified curing period, water-to-binder ratio, and activator modulus as the most influential parameters for CS, while binder type and curing conditions dominate FS. Overall, this work provides systematic and interpretable ML framework for plain 3DP-GPC. The findings offer practical insights into key governing parameters and present a data-driven tool to streamline mix design, reducing experimental workload and accelerating the adoption of sustainable 3D printing in construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 110405"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoring force model for earthquake-damaged RC columns strengthened with textile reinforced concrete (TRC) jackets","authors":"Yao Li ,&nbsp;Chaojie Zhang ,&nbsp;Shiping Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The restoring force model of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is proficient in delineating instantaneous variation laws, such as the degradation of strength and stiffness, and the pinch effect. It forms the quintessential basis for the execution of structural elastoplastic analysis and stands as an integral component within the scholarly exploration of the seismic performance of structures. This paper concentrates on textile reinforced concrete (TRC) strengthened earthquake-damaged RC columns that are primarily subjected to bending failure. In order to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of TRC-strengthened damaged columns under cyclic loading and forecast their hysteretic performance, a restoring force model for earthquake-damaged RC columns strengthened with TRC has been developed. Firstly, based on the experimental results of TRC-strengthened RC columns, it has been ascertained that their backbone curve exhibited a tri-linear characteristic. And characteristic points of the backbone curve, i.e., yield point, peak point, and ultimate point were determined through section performance analysis calculations rooted in the material constitutive relationship. Furthermore, simplified hysteresis rules were proposed by modifying the Clough hysteresis rules, with explicit definitions of loading/unloading stiffness calculation methods for strengthened RC columns. Consequently, a bending restoring force model for damaged RC columns strengthened with TRC was proposed. The predicted results agree well with existing experimental results, verifying that the restoring force model proposed in this paper could effectively and relatively accurately descripted the hysteretic characteristic of damaged RC columns strengthened with TRC under low-cycle loading. The developed model would provide a theoretical basis and reference for seismic strengthening design and engineering applications of TRC technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 110456"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance of concrete-filled double skin steel tubular members using high-strength materials","authors":"Xin-Yi Li,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Long-Hai Lai,&nbsp;Hui-Wen Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study conducted both experimental and numerical studies on the seismic performance of CFDST members using high-strength concrete and high-strength steel. A total of eight specimens were tested under cyclic loading, including six specimens with circular cross-section and two with square cross-section. Seismic performance was evaluated in terms of failure modes, load-deformation relations, stiffness degradations and energy dissipation capacities. Test results show that high-strength CFDST members exhibited stable cyclic behaviour with outer tube, sandwiched concrete and inner tube working together well. A corresponding finite element (FE) model was developed and validated against experimental results, and parametric study was carried out on critical factors. Furthermore, the applicability of current CFDST design provisions was evaluated. It was found that current design method could provide a reasonable yet conservative predictions on the seismic performance for CFDST members using high-strength materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 110413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance and effectiveness of structural parameters in rapid seismic safety assessment of existing buildings","authors":"Hasan Hüseyin Aydoğdu ,&nbsp;Masaki Maeda ,&nbsp;Alper İlki̇","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaluating the seismic safety of existing buildings in seismically active regions is a challenging task. Especially in metropoles, the volume of building stock requires rapid and sufficiently accurate evaluation processes to be conducted instead of time-taking and costly code-based assessment procedures. To respond to this need, numerous rapid evaluation methods were developed in different countries. The varied structural characteristics of building stocks in different countries necessitate unique approaches, as certain assumptions must be made when considering building typologies. Additionally, the extent of knowledge about structural parameters to be collected from buildings on site should be limited to minimize the time and cost required. To clarify the effects of knowledge on basic structural parameters, a simulation study is conducted on 1113 buildings in Türkiye that have previously been evaluated using the PERA2019 methodology in Istanbul. During the simulation, for various structural parameters, the median or most commonly observed values are assigned to all buildings rather than their actual individual values measured on site, and the resulting errors stemming from these assumptions are calculated. Subsequently, the real values of these parameters measured/determined on site are introduced to the buildings one by one, and the simulations are repeated to identify the most significant and least effective structural parameters by monitoring changes in the total error. Also, the economic consequences of collecting structural parameters at different levels of detail are analyzed. Finally, a case study is conducted on buildings that were exposed to earthquakes. The outcomes showed that critical structural parameters vary remarkably for different construction years due to differences in design regulations and construction/inspection practices valid/common during the construction. The impact of several structural parameters on the accuracy of the results is limited, and spending time to collect these structural parameters isn't efficient. Spending an optimum amount of time to collect only the highly effective critical structural parameters before an earthquake can provide valuable and sufficient information on the seismic performance of the buildings. Based on the outputs, a realistic level of knowledge required for the structural data collection phase for seismic safety of existing buildings is proposed for buildings with different typologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 110428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavior of slender CFST columns reinforced with annular stiffeners subjected to axial loads","authors":"Ke-Rong Luo ,&nbsp;Gan-Ping Shu ,&nbsp;Bing-lin Lai ,&nbsp;Liang Yu ,&nbsp;Bu-Hui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A concrete-filled steel tubular(CFST) column reinforced with annular stiffeners is an innovative composite member developed to improve mechanical properties. This paper investigates the axial compressive behavior of slender CFST columns reinforced with annular stiffeners through both experimental tests and numerical analysis. Initially, five novel composite columns with different slenderness ratios were tested under axial compression. The failure modes, ultimate bearing capacities, load-displacement response, and strain distributions were systematically compared and analyzed. A validated numerical model for axially compressed slender columns was developed to further explore the axial compression mechanism and assess the influence of relevant design parameters on the axial bearing capacity. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was carried out to examine the applicability of various stability coefficient calculation formulas presented in different design methods for composite columns. Parametric regression analysis was employed to develop predictive formulas for calculating the stable bearing capacity of slender composite columns. The results demonstrate that the arrangement of the annular stiffeners causes a rapid increase in the contact stress between the curved steel plate and the concrete once the column reaches its yielding load, thereby promoting the composite action. The proposed calculation formula was proven to possess high accuracy in determining the axial bearing capacity of the slender composite columns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 110426"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-variables shear theory for bio-inspired helicoidal composite and carbon nanotube-reinforced composite beams resting on a general viscoelastic Winkler-Pasternak foundation","authors":"Ngoc-Duong Nguyen ,&nbsp;Van-Tai Bui ,&nbsp;Trung-Kien Nguyen ,&nbsp;Thuc P. Vo","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a Hermite polynomial-based two-variable shear theory and a Ritz method for analysing the buckling, bending, free vibration, and damped vibration of carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (CNTRC) and bio-inspired helicoidal composite (BIHC) beams. These beams rest on a general viscoelastic Winkler-Pasternak foundation characterised by four parameters, incorporating the stiffness and damping effects of both the Winkler and Pasternak layers. The foundation model can be simplified into traditional forms such as Winkler, Pasternak, or their viscoelastic variants. Numerical examples are provided to validate the proposed Ritz method and theory. Additionally, the influences of lamination stacking sequence, slenderness ratio, material anisotropy, boundary conditions, and the four foundation parameters on the structural behaviour of CNTRC and BIHC beams are examined in detail. The results demonstrate that foundation effects play a crucial role in the mechanical behaviour of BIHC and CNTRC beams, with the Pasternak foundation model exerting a more significant influence than the Winkler model. This study also presents the first-ever analysis of damped vibration behaviour for these structures, providing novel insights into how foundation properties and damping interact to affect structural vibration. These findings advance the understanding necessary for applying BIHC and CNTRC beams in engineering designs where vibration and damping effects are critical.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 110444"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design procedure and seismic risk assessment of a controlled rocking reinforced concrete frame with column-end hinge joint","authors":"Liang Lu ,&nbsp;Huayu Wang ,&nbsp;Wanqiu Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Controlled Rocking Reinforced Concrete Frame with Column-end hinge joint (CR-RCFC) is a newly developed rocking structural system, which has been proposed in the previous study. In this study, to promote its practical application, a two-stage design procedure for the CF-RCFC structure is proposed. The elastic design stage is the same as that of conventional structures, while the rocking design stage adopts a dual-performance design target based on the earthquake-reduction coefficient and inter-story drift ratio. Consequently, the seismic performance of the designed structure is studied by dynamic time-history analysis and the risk assessment is carried out by structural fragility assessment and site-based seismic hazard analysis. The dynamic time-history analysis results indicate that the acceleration response does not significantly increase as the floor rises, demonstrating that the column-end hinge effectively impedes the upward transmission of acceleration, thereby mitigating the acceleration response of the structural upper part. In the seismic risk assessment, the annual exceedance frequencies for Immediate Occupancy (IO), Life Safety (LS), and Collapse Prevention (CP) limit states are determined to be 1.88 × 10⁻³, 5.77 × 10⁻⁴, and 3.46 × 10⁻⁵, respectively. For the IO and LS limit states, the CR-RCFC structure exhibits higher annual exceedance frequencies than the conventional reinforced concrete frame (RCF) structure, whereas for the CP limit state, it shows lower annual exceedance frequencies. It indicates the CR-RCFC structure is particularly effective in reducing collapse risk during severe earthquakes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 110464"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic assessment of RC and steel structures under progressive collapse with consideration of strain rate","authors":"Yuxuan Tao ,&nbsp;Yuan Huang ,&nbsp;Xing-Huai Huang ,&nbsp;Baozheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenhao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strain rate effects play a vital role in evaluating the structural responses under dynamic loading. Accordingly, a nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom model incorporating strain rate effects is developed in this study to determine the dynamic progressive collapse responses of steel and reinforced concrete (RC) structures, utilizing the dynamic increase factor (DIF)-strain rate model while encompassing both the structural static and dynamic resistance. Previous experimental results are used to validate the proposed static and dynamic models. The study reveals the impacts of DIF-strain rate models and solution methods on the structural dynamic responses. Furthermore, incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and fragility analysis are utilized to evaluate dynamic responses of steel and RC structures. Findings demonstrate that the proposed model reasonably predicts the structural progressive collapse responses, with prediction accuracy improving by over 10 % when strain rate effects are considered. Structural sensitivity to strain rate is most pronounced in the small deformation stage, and in RC structures this effect is predominantly governed by the reinforcement. These findings underscore the necessity of incorporating steel strain rate effects in flexural and compressive arch actions for anti-progressive collapse design. IDA and fragility results indicate that RC structures exhibiting performance intermediate between steel structures with rigid and weak connections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 110438"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}