Biology-Basel最新文献_第7页

Dietary Glycine and Methyl Donors Remodel Gut Microbiota to Enhance Collagen Synthesis in Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). 饲粮甘氨酸和甲基供体重塑海参肠道菌群促进胶原合成

IF 3.5 3区生物学

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/biology14091246

Dongsheng Chen, Honglin Pei, Yuchen Chen, Anzheng Liu, Tengyu Xing, Hai Zhang, Luo Wang

{"title":"Dietary Glycine and Methyl Donors Remodel Gut Microbiota to Enhance Collagen Synthesis in Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus).","authors":"Dongsheng Chen, Honglin Pei, Yuchen Chen, Anzheng Liu, Tengyu Xing, Hai Zhang, Luo Wang","doi":"10.3390/biology14091246","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14091246","url":null,"abstract":"Collagen content is a primary indicator of quality traits in aquatic animals, with dietary supplementation currently being the main approach to enhance collagen levels. However, the pathways by which food-derived components mediate host collagen synthesis via the gut microbiota remain unclear. This study investigated the regulatory role of gut microbiota in collagen synthesis within the body wall of the sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) under dietary supplementation. The results showed that the groups supplemented with 0.60% choline (DJ), 0.50% betaine (TC), and 2.75% glycine (G) significantly increased the collagen content in the sea cucumber body wall by 8.82%, 21.28%, and 22.13%, respectively, compared to the control group (NC). The composition and metabolic function of the sea cucumber gut microbiota were altered by dietary supplementation. The dominant gut microbiota in the supplemented group were Achromobacter, Ferrimonas, Shewanella, and Haloferula, which possess capabilities in amino acid metabolism and the decomposition of organic carbon and nitrogen sources. In addition, metabolic pathways such as amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism were significantly enriched. Glycine and other key collagen precursors exhibited significantly elevated levels in the gut of supplemented sea cucumbers. Research indicates that dietary supplementation with choline, betaine, and glycine modulates the composition and function of the gut microbiota in sea cucumbers. This supplementation also promotes the accumulation of collagen precursors and influences collagen content in the body wall. The objective of this study is to provide a theoretical basis to enhance the quality and efficiency of the sea cucumber aquaculture industry.","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Study of Leech-Derived Tryptase Inhibitor Genes in Four Medicinal Leech Species. 四种药用水蛭源性胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因的比较研究。

IF 3.5 3区生物学

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/biology14091247

Mingkang Xiao, Fang Zhao, Tianyu Ye, Rui Ai, Lizhou Tang, Zichao Liu, Qingqian Zeng, Zuhao Huang, Gonghua Lin

{"title":"Comparative Study of Leech-Derived Tryptase Inhibitor Genes in Four Medicinal Leech Species.","authors":"Mingkang Xiao, Fang Zhao, Tianyu Ye, Rui Ai, Lizhou Tang, Zichao Liu, Qingqian Zeng, Zuhao Huang, Gonghua Lin","doi":"10.3390/biology14091247","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14091247","url":null,"abstract":"Leeches are aquatic annelids of significant medicinal value, known to produce a variety of antithrombotic proteins. However, the extent of interspecies variation in these bioactive components remains poorly understood. In this study, next-generation sequencing and the Pichia pastoris eukaryotic expression system were employed to systematically analyze the diversity of leech-derived tryptase inhibitor (LDTI) genes and their functional activities across four dominant medicinal leech species: Hirudinaria manillensis, Hirudo nipponia, Whitmania pigra, and Whitmania laevis. Our results revealed a slightly higher genetic variation in LDTI genes and their protein among non-hematophagous leeches (W. pigra and W. laevis) compared to hematophagous species (H. manillensis and H. nipponia). Selection analysis indicated purifying selection in H. manillensis (ω = 0.47), while the other species exhibited either neutral or weak positive selection (ω ≥ 1). LDTI expression levels were significantly higher in hematophagous leeches, with peak expression observed in H. manillensis (transcripts per million = 2942.07 ± 1593.12). In vitro chromogenic substrate-based anticoagulant assays of recombinant proteins confirmed anticoagulation activity across all species, with H. manillensis displaying the most potent inhibition. These findings demonstrate the antithrombotic potential of all four species, regardless of their feeding ecology. Moreover, H. manillensis emerges as the optimal candidate for therapeutic development, owing to its superior LDTI sequence conservation, expression levels, and specific anticoagulant activity per unit concentration.","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overexpression of LIM Homeodomain Gene Arrowhead Induces Pleiotropic Developmental Alterations in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori. LIM同源结构域基因箭头的过表达诱导家蚕多效性发育改变。

IF 3.5 3区生物学

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/biology14091248

Nur Fazleen Binti Idris, Chunping Hou, Zhongyi Liu, Lulu Liu, Chunyan Yang, Zongmeng Yang, Hai Hu, Fangyin Dai, Xiaoling Tong

{"title":"Overexpression of LIM Homeodomain Gene Arrowhead Induces Pleiotropic Developmental Alterations in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori.","authors":"Nur Fazleen Binti Idris, Chunping Hou, Zhongyi Liu, Lulu Liu, Chunyan Yang, Zongmeng Yang, Hai Hu, Fangyin Dai, Xiaoling Tong","doi":"10.3390/biology14091248","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14091248","url":null,"abstract":"LIM homeodomain (LIM-HD) is a versatile family of transcription factors that act as master regulators in various developmental processes of eukaryotes, and one of the LIM-HD encoded genes is the arrowhead (AWH). In silkworm Bombyx mori, the Arrowhead gene (BmAWH) functions as a key component activating all three fibroin genes in the silk glands of B. mori, but the potential pleiotropic effects of BmAWH on various tissues of the silkworm is yet to be discovered. The objective of this study is to investigate the functional role of a BmAWH gene in the B. mori (Dazao) developmental process, using the piggyBac-based transgene technique. The size of transgenic line silk glands have become smaller, resulting in the reduction in whole cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, and cocoon-shell ratio. Overexpression of BmAWH has induced significant changes in juvenile hormone levels in female larvae at the fifth instar larval stage. Female reproductive defects (reduction in fecundity rate, abnormal egg morphology) were observed. In addition, transgenic line larvae exhibit the complete disappearance of larval body patterns and color (melanin pigmentation). Since the LIM-HD protein functions to orchestrate complex developmental programs, this study may shed light on evolutionary adaptations and the divergence of insect gene functions.","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Droplet Digital PCR Assay for Detection and Quantification of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani' in Grapevine Samples. 葡萄样品中‘番茄候选植物原体’的液滴数字PCR检测与定量研究。

IF 3.5 3区生物学

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/biology14091251

Lucia Landi, Sergio Murolo, Gianfranco Romanazzi

{"title":"Droplet Digital PCR Assay for Detection and Quantification of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani' in Grapevine Samples.","authors":"Lucia Landi, Sergio Murolo, Gianfranco Romanazzi","doi":"10.3390/biology14091251","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14091251","url":null,"abstract":"'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani' is the causal agent of the Bois noir (BN), affecting grapevine worldwide. The complex epidemiology of BN, which involves multiple 'Ca. P. solani' host plants and insect vectors, as well as the occurrence of recovery (loss of symptoms on grapevine canopy), makes disease investigations and containment in vineyards difficult. To achieve early detection of 'Ca. P. solani', a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR)-based approach and quantitative (q)PCR assay were compared, testing specific primers based on the elongation factor Tu (tuf) gene using SYBR Green chemistry. The regression curve analysis of the ddPCR assay showed good linearity. Compared with the qPCR method, the sensitivity of ddPCR improved about 10-fold. The analysis of grapevine roots spiked with serial dilutions of 'Ca P. solani'. PCR tuf fragments showed that qPCR was inhibited, while ddPCR was not affected. Testing 66 grapevine samples from 50 grapevine plants, the ddPCR provided superior diagnostic performance compared to qPCR in roots of symptomatic plants (75% detected by ddPCR, 41.6% by qPCR), roots of recovered plants (58.8% detected by ddPCR, 25% by qPCR), and asymptomatic leaf tissues from recovered plants (75% detected by ddPCR, 25% by qPCR). The ddPCR analysis allowed us to detect 'Ca. P. solani' on 40% of leaf samples from recovered plants and 20% of roots from asymptomatic plants. No differences among ddPCR and qPCR were found in detecting phytoplasma on symptomatic leaf samples. The ddPCR assay allowed the absolute quantification of 'Ca. P. solani' in complex matrices, such as roots, and when low titer of phytoplasma is present.","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stock Status of Noncommercial Fish Species in Aras Dam Reservoir: Mismanagement Endangers Sustainable Fisheries. 阿拉斯坝水库非商业鱼类种群状况：管理不善危及可持续渔业。

IF 3.5 3区生物学

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/biology14091242

Ali Haghi Vayghan, Mehrnaz Ghanbarzadeh, Nan-Jay Su

{"title":"Stock Status of Noncommercial Fish Species in Aras Dam Reservoir: Mismanagement Endangers Sustainable Fisheries.","authors":"Ali Haghi Vayghan, Mehrnaz Ghanbarzadeh, Nan-Jay Su","doi":"10.3390/biology14091242","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14091242","url":null,"abstract":"Aras Dam reservoir, a key inland fishery in northwest Iran, faces increasing socioecological threats that jeopardize sustainable resource use. To provide updated information on stock conditions under limited data availability, this study applied the catch maximum sustainable yield (CMSY++) model using biometric measurements and catch records from 2013 to 2022. Four noncommercial species commonly harvested in the reservoir-silver bream (Blicca bjoerkna), common bream (Abramis brama), common roach (Rutilus rutilus), and freshwater bream (Carassius auratus)-were assessed. Stock status was evaluated through biomass relative to reference points (B/BMSY) and fishing mortality (F/FMSY). Results revealed unsustainable conditions for common bream, common roach, and freshwater bream, while silver bream remained in a healthy state. These findings suggest that maintaining current fishing levels may intensify pressure and risk stock depletion for several species. The CMSY++ model demonstrated efficiency in providing rapid assessments in data-limited situations, offering insights for inland fishery management. To ensure sustainable fisheries in the Aras Dam reservoir, managers should implement stricter measures to control illegal fishing, reduce excessive effort, and promote recovery of depleted stocks.","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biofilm Formation by Rice Rhizosphere Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms and Its Effect on Rice Growth Promotion. 水稻根际固氮微生物形成生物膜及其对水稻生长的促进作用

IF 3.5 3区生物学

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/biology14091249

Jae-Hyeon Oh, Eunhee Kim, Mihyun Cho

{"title":"Biofilm Formation by Rice Rhizosphere Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms and Its Effect on Rice Growth Promotion.","authors":"Jae-Hyeon Oh, Eunhee Kim, Mihyun Cho","doi":"10.3390/biology14091249","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14091249","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive nitrogen fertilizer use contributes to environmental pollution and undermines agricultural sustainability. Enhancing symbiotic interactions between rice and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms offers a promising strategy to potentially improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). This study investigates the role of rice root exudates in promoting biofilm formation by nitrogen-fixing microbes to enhance nitrogen fixation. Nine nitrogen-fixing microbial strains were evaluated for biofilm formation in response to flavone and apigenin treatments, with Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus KACC 12358 serving as the reference strain. The most responsive strain was selected, and a library of 1597 natural compounds was screened to identify those that promote biofilm formation in both the selected and reference strains. A. indigens KACC 11682 exhibited the highest biofilm-forming capacity, with apigenin treatment showing an OD595 value approximately 1.4 times higher than the DMSO control. Screening identified 68 compounds that enhanced biofilm formation by more than 500% compared to the control. Among them, eight compounds induced strong biofilm formation (O.D. > 2.0) in A. indigens. Cardamomin, a chalconoid flavonoid, emerged as one of the most effective compounds, showing a 245% increase in biofilm formation. Growth promotion assays showed that A. indigens increased rice fresh weight by approximately 128% compared to untreated controls. This study demonstrates the potential of rice root exudate-derived compounds to promote beneficial symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing microbes. These findings offer a novel approach that may contribute to enhancing rice NUE. Future research will focus on evaluating the long-term effects of these compounds and microorganisms, assessing their applicability in real agricultural settings, and conducting further validation across various rice cultivars.","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Study of Hirudins and Encoding Genes in Hirudo nipponia and Hirudo tianjinensis. 日本和天津水蛭水蛭素及其编码基因的比较研究。

IF 3.5 3区生物学

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/biology14091250

Jingjing Yin, Zichao Liu, Yunfei Yu, Anping Wang, Zuhao Huang, Lizhou Tang, Fang Zhao, Gonghua Lin

{"title":"Comparative Study of Hirudins and Encoding Genes in Hirudo nipponia and Hirudo tianjinensis.","authors":"Jingjing Yin, Zichao Liu, Yunfei Yu, Anping Wang, Zuhao Huang, Lizhou Tang, Fang Zhao, Gonghua Lin","doi":"10.3390/biology14091250","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14091250","url":null,"abstract":"This study systematically compared the genetic characteristics and functional activities of hirudins and their encoding genes between Hirudo nipponia (Hnip1-3) and Hirudo tianjinensis (Htia1-3) through bioinformatics analysis, recombinant protein eukaryotic expression, and activity assays. The results revealed 42 nucleotide variation sites and 27 amino acid variation sites across both species. All six genes were expressed and significant pairwise differences between genes were detected within each species. All hirudins were identified as secretory proteins, with Hnip2, Hnip3, and Htia1 showing higher docking scores with thrombin. Four recombinant proteins (Hnip1, Hnip2, Htia1, and Htia2) exhibited antithrombin activity, with Hnip1 displaying the strongest activity. No significant differences were observed in the sequence variation, gene expression, physicochemical properties, predicted three-dimensional structures, or antithrombin activity of hirudins between the two leech species. This may stem from substantial heterogeneity in the genetic makeup and functional characteristics of distinct hirudins within each species, ultimately reducing the statistical power of these interspecific comparisons. Integrating gene expression profiles with recombinant protein activity assessments revealed that H. nipponia hirudins exhibit superior antithrombotic potency compared to those of H. tianjinensis. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for medicinal leech resource development and provides critical data for innovative antithrombotic drug discovery.","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Focus on Cognitive Enhancement: A Narrative Overview of Nootropics and "Smart Drug" Use and Misuse. 专注于认知增强：益智药和“智能药物”使用和误用的叙述概述。

IF 3.5 3区生物学

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/biology14091244

Fabrizio Schifano, Stefania Bonaccorso, Davide Arillotta, John Martin Corkery, Giuseppe Floresta, Gabriele Duccio Papanti Pelletier, Amira Guirguis

{"title":"Focus on Cognitive Enhancement: A Narrative Overview of Nootropics and \"Smart Drug\" Use and Misuse.","authors":"Fabrizio Schifano, Stefania Bonaccorso, Davide Arillotta, John Martin Corkery, Giuseppe Floresta, Gabriele Duccio Papanti Pelletier, Amira Guirguis","doi":"10.3390/biology14091244","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14091244","url":null,"abstract":"Whilst \"nootropics\" are meant to treat a range of medical disorder-related cognitive impairments, the typically healthy \"smart drugs\" user ingests a range of drugs/molecules to achieve improved mental performance. Given the increasing levels of related concerns, this study aimed to provide an overview of the clinical pharmacological issues relating to both the most popular nootropics and the vast range of drugs that are being used as putative cognitive enhancers/smart drugs. In terms of the cognitive decline associated with neurological degenerative disorders, a significant variation in research methodology was observed. Therefore, the overall usefulness of these pharmaceuticals in various central nervous system disorders as supplements/adjuvant therapy needs to be better established before their widespread use can be recommended. The most popular smart drugs, self-administered to cope with high-perceived stress and academic/work-related pressure, were methylphenidate, modafinil, amphetamine-based compounds, and psychedelics. At present, however, there are relevant levels of uncertainty in terms of smart drugs' effectiveness in improving executive functions. Addressing the health harms associated with cognitive enhancers' intake remains challenging due to the lack of updated and contextualized epidemiological data. In particular, there appears to be a range of clinical concerns relating to the non-prescribed intake of stimulant smart drugs by otherwise healthy individuals. Enhanced training for prescribers, pharmacists, and healthcare professionals can strengthen monitoring and early intervention efforts.","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Thermal Adaptability of Sclerodermus guani Xiao et Wu (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), an Important Parasitoid of Long-Horned Beetles in China. 中国长角甲虫重要寄生蜂冠硬皮蝇（膜翅目：茧蜂科）的热适应性。

IF 3.5 3区生物学

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.3390/biology14091234

Lina Wang, Yuhua Situ, Jie Zhang, Kui Kang, Zhongjiu Xiao, Shaobo Wang, Ke Wei, Yanlong Tang

{"title":"The Thermal Adaptability of Sclerodermus guani Xiao et Wu (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), an Important Parasitoid of Long-Horned Beetles in China.","authors":"Lina Wang, Yuhua Situ, Jie Zhang, Kui Kang, Zhongjiu Xiao, Shaobo Wang, Ke Wei, Yanlong Tang","doi":"10.3390/biology14091234","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14091234","url":null,"abstract":"Sclerodermus guani is the most extensively studied and widely used parasitoid wasp for controlling forest trunk-boring pests in China, with temperature being a key environmental factor affecting its development and reproduction. Against the backdrop of global climate change, the frequency of heat stress on parasitoid wasps is increasing. Therefore, studying their adaptability to heat stress is of great significance for breeding heat-tolerant strains. The findings of such research may help improve efficiency in rearing this wasp and provide guidance for its use in pest control. This study investigated the thermal adaptability of the wasp at temperatures ranging from 21 to 33 °C. The results showed that temperature significantly affected its parasitism capacity and behavior. As temperature increased, female wasps searched for and stung hosts more actively, and their pre-oviposition period decreased, as well as their developmental duration. The reproductive fitness of the wasp also varied significantly with temperature, with the most favorable temperatures being 27 °C and 30 °C. Both low and high temperatures were detrimental to its reproduction, and the difference in the number of female offspring was significant. The experimental results indicate that S. guani has higher reproductive fitness at 27-30 °C. Therefore, it is recommended that this parasitoid wasp be reared indoors at 27-30 °C and released for pest control in forests when the temperature is above 24 °C.","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First Record of Clonostachys rosea as an Entomopathogenic Fungus of the Cephus fumipennis (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) in China. 标题中国头蜂属（膜翅目：头蜂科）昆虫病原真菌的首次记录。

IF 3.5 3区生物学

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.3390/biology14091240

Meiqi Li, Jingling Li, Zehao An, Shasha Wang, Youpeng Lai

{"title":"First Record of Clonostachys rosea as an Entomopathogenic Fungus of the Cephus fumipennis (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) in China.","authors":"Meiqi Li, Jingling Li, Zehao An, Shasha Wang, Youpeng Lai","doi":"10.3390/biology14091240","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14091240","url":null,"abstract":"Cephus fumipennis, a significant pest of highland spring wheat, damages crops through larval boring and feeding within wheat stalks. This activity disrupts nutrient and water transport, causing severe yield reductions. To find microbial biocontrol agents targeting this pest, primary entomopathogenic microorganisms were isolated and identified from naturally infected, deceased C. fumipennis larvae. Morphological examination and ITS-based phylogenetic analysis tentatively identified the isolate as the entomopathogenic fungus Clonostachys sp. (strain CF01). Third-instar larvae of C. fumipennis were inoculated with conidial suspensions of the CF01 strain at concentrations of 1 × 105, 1 × 106, 1 × 107, and 1 × 108 spores/mL. Spore suspensions of different concentrations demonstrated pathogenicity against third-instar larvae of C. fumipennis. The optimal growth conditions for strain CF01 were identified as follows: PPDA medium, 25 °C, fructose as the carbon source, and yeast extract as the nitrogen source. Photoperiod exhibited no significant effect on either mycelial growth or sporulation. These findings indicate that the CF01 strain possesses considerable potential for the biocontrol of C. fumipennis.","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0