Biology-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Complete Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Chlorogomphus papilio</i> (Odonata: Anisoptera: Chlorogomphidae) and Phylogenetic Analyses.","authors":"Xiaoxiao Jin, Xiaojia Lin, Simeng Wang, Jie Fang","doi":"10.3390/biology14050493","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to elucidate the mitochondrial genome organization of <i>Chlorogomphus papilio</i> and the phylogenetic relationships of Chlorogomphidae. We used the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform to sequence the mitochondrial genome of <i>C. papilio</i>, which was subsequently assembled, annotated, and analyzed. Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood, and maximum parsimony methods were employed to construct the mitochondrial phylogenetic tree of 25 species of Chlorogomphidae based on <i>16S rRNA</i> and <i>cox1</i> genes. We observed that the mitochondrial genome of <i>C. papilio</i> is 15,251 bp in length and includes 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a non-coding control region. All PCGs start with a typical ATN codon. While <i>cox1</i>, <i>cox2</i>, <i>cox3</i>, and <i>nad5</i> end with an incomplete termination codon (T), the remaining PCGs terminate with TAG. The secondary structure of the 22 tRNAs showed that only the <i>trnS1</i> gene lacked the dihydrouracil arm (DHU arm), whereas the rest formed a typical cloverleaf structure. Additionally, 32 G-U mismatches were observed in the secondary structure. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that <i>C. papilio</i> and <i>C. magnificus</i> are sister species. Divergence time analyses indicated that Chlorogomphidae originated around 111.04 Ma, with <i>C. papilio</i> diverging from the common ancestor shared with <i>C. magnificus</i> approximately 58.51 Ma. This divergence is likely linked to the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and the tectonic uplift of the Himalayas, which created warm, humid habitats and contributed to geographic isolation. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of <i>C. papilio</i>, providing valuable molecular markers for further genetic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Modification of Whey Protein by Interacting with Methyl Hesperidin: Impacts on Antioxidant Activity and Underlying Mechanism.","authors":"Songbo Ma, Shuang Yang, Suqi Yang, Lili Chen, Meilan Yuan, Yong Jiang, Li Zhao, Chunqing Bai","doi":"10.3390/biology14050492","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, the possibility of enhancing the antioxidant capacity of whey protein (WP) through non-covalent interaction with methyl hesperidin (MH, a hesperidin derivative) was assessed. The underlying mechanism was analyzed in terms of multi-spectroscopy methods, thermodynamic analysis, and molecular docking simulation. The data indicated that MH could spontaneously bind to WP and form a non-fluorescent complex when physically mixed together. The presence of MH statically quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of WP, changed the microenvironment of amino acid residue, and altered the secondary and tertiary structure of WP, which in turn enhanced the antioxidant capacity of WP. The underlying mechanism may be assigned to hydrophobic interactions, which promoted MH inserting itself into the hydrophobic cavity in WP. The methoxy group on the B ring of MH may form hydrogen bonds with amino acids, which enhances the freedom of the phenyl hydroxyl group, resulting in higher antioxidant capacity than other hesperidin structural analogs. This research would enrich the theoretical basis about the interaction between protein and hesperidin-based derivatives, and it may supply valuable information for its application in the food and medicine fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Visible and Near-Infrared Photobiomodulation Therapy on Astenospermic Human Sperm: Wavelength-Dependent Regulation of Nitric Oxide Levels and Mitochondrial Energetics.","authors":"Matilde Balbi, Rachele Lai, Sara Stigliani, Claudia Massarotti, Matteo Bozzo, Paola Scaruffi, Silvia Ravera, Andrea Amaroli","doi":"10.3390/biology14050491","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male infertility is a growing global concern, with asthenozoospermia being an important contributing factor. Mitochondrial dysfunction and changes in the metabolism of nitric oxide (NO) are key determinants of reduced sperm motility. This study investigates the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) with visible and near-infrared (NIR) laser light on sperm of asthenozoospermic patients, focusing on mitochondrial energetic status, oxidative stress, and NO dynamics. Semen samples were irradiated at 450 nm, 635 nm, 810 nm, 940 nm, and 1064 nm at different power levels (0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 2.00 W) for 60 s on a spot area of 1 cm². ATP and AMP levels, oxidative stress markers, and NO concentrations were assessed at 10 and 60 min after irradiation, with the ATP/AMP ratio calculated as an index of cellular energy balance. The results show that the PBM modulates the energetic status of spermatozoa in a way dependent on wavelength and dose. Irradiation at 810 nm produced the most marked improvement in energetic status, whereas 635 nm exposure led to a significant decrease in cellular energy levels. NO levels showed a biphasic response, correlated with the visible range and with energy metabolism at 810 nm. Irradiation with 635 nm induced higher NO production with respect to the other wavelengths. Our findings suggest that PBM mainly involves mitochondrial photoreceptors and potentially the heme and flavin groups of nitric oxide synthases, facilitating electron transitions, enhancing the effectiveness of oxidative phosphorylation, and optimizing enzymatic activity. At longer wavelengths (940 nm and 1064 nm), interactions with water and lipids may introduce additional variables that affect membrane fluidity and mitochondrial function differently from shorter wavelengths.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to Low Doses of Biocides Increases Resistance to Other Biocides and to Antibiotics in Strains of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>.","authors":"Cristina Rodríguez-Melcón, Rosa Capita, Carlos Alonso-Calleja","doi":"10.3390/biology14050495","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of sub-inhibitory doses of three disinfectants, sodium hypochlorite (SHY), peracetic acid (PAA), and benzalkonium chloride (BZK), on the resistance to biocides and antibiotics of five strains of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> was determined. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these chemicals ranged (ppm) between 3533.3 ± 28.9 and 3783.3 ± 28.9 for SHY, between 1000.0 ± 25.0 and 1050.0 ± 25.0 for PAA, and between 1.3 ± 0.6 and 4.3 ± 0.6 for BZK. The minimum bactericidal concentration (ppm) was between 3683.3 ± 57.7 and 3983.3 ± 28.9 for SHY, between 1050.0 ± 25.0 and 1250.0 ± 25.0 for PAA, and between 1.7 ± 1.2 and 4.7 ± 1.2 for BZK. Exposure of the strains to increasing sub-inhibitory concentrations of the biocides caused adaptation and cross-adaptation to these substances, markedly so in the case of BZK, relative to which some strains saw their MIC value increase up to 5.2 times after being exposed to low doses of this disinfectant. After exposure to biocides, changes in the resistance to antibiotics of the strains were also observed. In some cases, strains moved from a category of susceptible or of reduced susceptibility to resistant, especially when exposure was to SHY. These findings suggest a need to avoid the application of sublethal concentrations of disinfectants in both the food industry and the healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutagenesis Targeting the S¹⁵³ Residue Within the Transmembrane β-Hairpin of Mosquito-Larvicidal Mpp46Ab Affects Its Toxicity and the Synergistic Toxicity with Cry4Aa.","authors":"Tohru Hayakawa, Syun Yamaoka, Mami Asakura, Minako Hirano, Toru Ide","doi":"10.3390/biology14050489","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We constructed a library of Mpp46Ab mutants, in which S¹⁵³ within the transmembrane β-hairpin was randomly replaced by other amino acids. Mutagenesis and subsequent primary screening yielded 10 different Mpp46Ab mutants in addition to the wild type. Remarkably, S¹⁵³ was replaced with a more hydrophobic amino acid in most of the mutants, and the S153I mutant in particular exhibited significantly increased toxicity. Electrophysiologic analysis using artificial lipid bilayers revealed that the single-channel conductance and <i>P</i>_K/<i>P</i>_Cl permeability ratio were significantly increased for S153I pores. This suggests that the formation of highly ion-permeable and highly cation-selective toxin pores increases the influx of cations and water into cells, thereby facilitating osmotic shock. In addition, the S153F, S153L, and S153I mutants exhibited significantly reduced synergistic toxicity with Cry4Aa. Electrophysiologic analysis showed that the S153F, S153L, and S153I mutants form toxin pores with a significantly reduced <i>P</i>_K/<i>P</i>_Na permeability ratio and a significantly increased <i>P</i>_K/<i>P</i>_Ca permeability ratio compared to wild-type pores. Thus, our results suggest that pore formation is central to the insecticidal activity of Mpp46Ab and that the ion permeability of toxin pores is a potential indicator correlated with both toxicity and synergistic toxicity with other toxins.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Interaction on Growth, Nutrient Absorption, and Signal Regulation in Woody Plants.","authors":"Xiaan Tang, Yi Zhang, Panpan Meng, Yingke Yuan, Changhao Li, Xiaotan Zhi, Chunyan Wang","doi":"10.3390/biology14050490","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article methodically reveals how, in woody plants (poplar), the interaction between N and P coordinates root structure and nutrient absorption through a complex hormone signaling network. This study bridges a significant gap in our knowledge of nutrient interaction networks. The results demonstrate that NO₃^- significantly enhances the gene expression and enzymatic activity of organic acid synthases (MDH, PEPC) and APs. Furthermore, it synergizes with IAA/ABA signals to refine root structure, enhancing the surface area for P absorption. In low Pi availability environments, NO₃^- further promotes P recycling by simultaneously boosting the levels of Pi transport proteins (notably, the PHO family), facilitating myo-inositol phosphate metabolism (via IMP3/ITPK1-mediated PP-InsPs degradation), and augmenting IAA/SA signals. Pi induces the activity of N assimilation enzymes (GS/GOGAT/GDH), facilitating nitrogen metabolism. However, in the absence of N, it leads to a metabolic imbalance characterized by high enzymatic activity but low efficiency. Alternatively, adequate N availability allows Pi to improve root robustness and N assimilation efficiency, mediated by IAA/GA accumulation and ABA signaling (e.g., <i>SNRK2</i>/<i>ABF</i>). We propose the existence of an intricate network in poplar, orchestrated by transcriptional cascades, metabolic regulation, and hormonal synergism. Key modules such as <i>SPX</i>-<i>PHR</i>, <i>NLA</i>, <i>HHO2</i>, and <i>MYB59</i> are likely central to this network's function. These findings offer a foundational framework for the development of molecular breeding and precise fertilization strategies, enhancing the efficient use of N and P in forestry.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiepileptic Effects of <i>Acorus tatarinowii</i> Schott in a Rat Model of Epilepsy: Regulation of Metabolic Axes and Gut Microbiota.","authors":"Liang Chen, Jiaxin Li, Wenhui Zhang, Jiepeng Wang","doi":"10.3390/biology14050488","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a phytotherapeutic agent with historical applications in epilepsy management, <i>Acorus tatarinowii</i> Schott (ATS) remains pharmacologically enigmatic, particularly regarding its pathophysiological mechanisms. This knowledge gap significantly hinders the clinical application of ATS-based treatments. To explore the potential of ATS in combating epileptogenesis, we utilized a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced chronic epilepsy rat model. Brain metabolomic analysis was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS). Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed for screening differential metabolites. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and examined using Spearman correlation analysis. The results show that oral ATS (50 mg/kg) significantly improved the seizure latency and pathology of rats with epilepsy. Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and intestinal flora were crucial for ATS's ability to counteract epilepsy. The therapeutic effects of ATS against epilepsy were investigated with brain metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis, providing the basis for further comprehensive research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and Influence of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells on Early Embryo Development in Black Bone Sheep.","authors":"Daqing Wang, Yiyi Liu, Lu Li, Xin Li, Xin Cheng, Zhihui Guo, Guifang Cao, Yong Zhang","doi":"10.3390/biology14050484","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The piggyBac+TET-on transposon induction system has a high efficiency in integrating exogenous genes in multiple cell types, can precisely integrate to reduce genomic damage, has a flexible gene expression regulation, and a strong genetic stability. When used in conjunction with somatic cell nuclear transfer experiments, it can precisely and effectively reveal the intrinsic mechanisms of early biological development. This study successfully reprogrammed black-boned sheep fibroblasts (SFs) into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using the piggyBac+TET-on transposon system and investigated their impact on early embryonic development. Seven exogenous reprogramming factors (bovine OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, cMyc, porcine NANOG, Lin-28, and SV40 Large T) were delivered into SFs, successfully inducing iPSCs. A growth performance analysis revealed that iPSC clones exhibited a raised or flat morphology with clear edges, positive alkaline phosphatase staining, and normal karyotypes. The transcriptome analysis indicated a significant enrichment of iPSCs in oxidative phosphorylation and cell proliferation pathways, with an up-regulated expression of the ATP5B, SDHB, Bcl-2, CDK1, and Cyclin D1 genes and a down-regulated expression of BAX (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Somatic cell nuclear transfer experiments demonstrated that the cleavage rate (85% ± 2.12) and blastocyst rate (52% ± 2.11) of the iPSCs were significantly higher than those of the SFs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The detection of trilineage marker genes confirmed that the expression levels of endoderm (DCN, NANOS3, FOXA2, FOXD3, SOX17), mesoderm (KDR, CD34, NFH), and ectoderm (NEUROD) markers in iPSCs were significantly higher than in SFs (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The findings demonstrate that black-boned sheep iPSCs possess pluripotency and the potential to differentiate into all three germ layers, revealing the mechanisms by which reprogrammed iPSCs influence early embryonic development and providing a critical foundation for research on sheep pluripotent stem cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden Threats: The Unnoticed Epidemic System of Pine Wilt Disease Driven by Sexually Mature <i>Monochamus</i> Beetles and Asymptomatic Trees.","authors":"Kazuyoshi Futai, Hideaki Ishiguro","doi":"10.3390/biology14050485","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pine wilt disease, caused by the nematode <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i>, poses a significant threat to pine forests worldwide. Understanding the dynamics of its spread is crucial for effective disease management. In this study, we investigated the involvement of asymptomatic carrier trees in the expansion of pine wilt disease through a series of experiments. Cage-releasing experiments revealed that sexually immature Japanese pine sawyer beetles, <i>Monochamus alternatus</i>, feeding on healthy pine branches drops only a minimal number of nematodes (primary infection). However, sexually mature beetles, still harboring numerous nematodes, fly to weakened trees for breeding and extend their feeding activities to healthy pines around weakened trees, infecting them with nematodes and thus spreading the disease further. Inoculation experiments on field-planted black pine seedlings demonstrated that even a small number of nematodes can lead to a high occurrence of asymptomatic carrier trees. Our findings suggest that nematode infections transmitted by sexually mature <i>Monochamus</i> beetles significantly contribute to the expansion of pine wilt damage and play a crucial role in the persistence of asymptomatic carrier trees. This conclusion is based on cage-release experiments demonstrating nematode transmission by mature beetles and inoculation experiments highlighting the conditions leading to asymptomatic carrier trees.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Single-Cell and Bulk Transcriptome to Reveal an Endothelial Transition Signature Predicting Bladder Cancer Prognosis.","authors":"Jinyu Yang, Wangxi Wu, Xiaoli Tang","doi":"10.3390/biology14050486","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endothelial cells (ECs) are critical drivers of tumour progression, and their angiogenic process has been widely studied. However, the post-angiogenic transition of tip endothelial cells after sprouting remains insufficiently characterised. In this study, we utilised single-cell RNA sequencing analyses to identify a novel EC transition signature associated with endothelial permeability, migration, metabolism, and vascular maturation. Within the transition pathway, we discovered a critical EC subpopulation, termed tip-to-capillary ECs (TC-ECs), that was enriched in tumour tissues. Comparative analyses of TC-ECs with tip and capillary ECs revealed distinct differences in pathway activity, cellular communication, and transcription factor activity. The EC transition signature demonstrated substantial prognostic significance, validated across multiple cancer cohorts from TCGA data, particularly in bladder cancer. Subsequently, we constructed a robust prognostic model for bladder cancer by integrating the EC transition signature with multiple machine-learning techniques. Compared with 31 existing models across the TCGA-BLCA, GSE32894, GSE32548, and GSE70691 cohorts, our model exhibited superior predictive performance. Stratification analysis identified significant differences between different risk groups regarding pathway activity, cellular infiltration, and therapeutic sensitivity. In conclusion, our comprehensive investigation identified a novel EC transition signature and developed a prognostic model for patient stratification, offering new insights into endothelial heterogeneity, angiogenesis regulation, and precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}