Choline-Mediated Regulation of Follicular Growth: Interplay Between Steroid Synthesis, Epigenetics, and Oocyte Development.

IF 3.5 3区生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI:10.3390/biology14091220

Wenfeng Liu, Xucheng Zheng, Haiming Yang, Zhiyue Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This review article focuses on the role of choline in ovarian follicular development, regulated by nutrient-epigenetic interactions. Choline, a key feed additive, participates in DNA methylation and steroid hormone synthesis via its methyl donor function. However, its role in follicular hierarchy and maturation is unclear. Research lacks an understanding of species-specific choline metabolism, follicular fluid methylation dynamics, and toxicity thresholds. This study combines animal nutrition, epigenetics, and reproductive endocrinology. Using in vitro follicle culture models, metabolomics analysis, and cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19a1) methylation site screening, it reveals that choline regulates follicle hierarchy through the betaine-S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) pathway. Proper dietary choline reduces homocysteine (HCY) and boosts CYP19a1 demethylation, enhancing theca cell estradiol (E₂) production and accelerating follicle maturation. In contrast, inadequate or excessive choline causes mesoderm-specific transcript (MEST) gene methylation abnormalities or trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)-mediated β-oxidation inhibition, increasing follicle atresia. A phenomenon of steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) methylation has been observed in poultry, showing that choline affects offspring egg-laying persistence by altering the adrenal-ovarian axis DNA methylation imprint. Future research should establish a precise choline supply system based on the HCY/TMAO ratio in follicular fluid and the CYP19a1 methylation map to improve animal reproduction.

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胆碱介导的卵泡生长调节：类固醇合成、表观遗传学和卵母细胞发育之间的相互作用。

本文综述了胆碱在卵泡发育中的作用，该作用受营养-表观遗传相互作用的调节。胆碱是一种重要的饲料添加剂，通过其甲基供体功能参与DNA甲基化和类固醇激素的合成。然而，其在卵泡等级和成熟中的作用尚不清楚。研究缺乏对物种特异性胆碱代谢、卵泡液甲基化动力学和毒性阈值的理解。本研究结合了动物营养学、表观遗传学和生殖内分泌学。通过体外卵泡培养模型、代谢组学分析和细胞色素P450家族19亚家族A成员1 （CYP19a1）甲基化位点筛选，发现胆碱通过甜菜碱- s -腺苷蛋氨酸（SAM）途径调节卵泡等级。适当的饮食胆碱可降低同型半胱氨酸（HCY），促进CYP19a1去甲基化，增强卵泡细胞雌二醇（E2）的产生，加速卵泡成熟。相反，胆碱不足或过量导致中胚层特异性转录物（MEST）基因甲基化异常或三甲胺n -氧化物（TMAO）介导的β-氧化抑制，增加卵泡闭锁。在家禽中观察到类固醇生成因子1 （SF-1）甲基化现象，表明胆碱通过改变肾上腺-卵巢轴DNA甲基化印记来影响后代的产卵持久性。未来的研究应基于卵泡液HCY/TMAO比值和CYP19a1甲基化图谱建立精确的胆碱供应系统，以改善动物繁殖。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biology-Basel Biological Science-Biological Science

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

4.80%

发文量

1618

审稿时长

11 weeks

期刊介绍： Biology (ISSN 2079-7737) is an international, peer-reviewed, quick-refereeing open access journal of Biological Science published by MDPI online. It publishes reviews, research papers and communications in all areas of biology and at the interface of related disciplines. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files regarding the full details of the experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.