Biology-Basel最新文献

{"title":"The Response Mechanism of the cbbM Carbon Sequestration Microbial Community in the Alpine Wetlands of Qinghai Lake to Changes in Precipitation.","authors":"Lin Li, Xia Wang, Yanli Yang, Siyu Wang, Kelong Chen, Ni Zhang","doi":"10.3390/biology13121090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dramatic changes in precipitation patterns on the Tibetan Plateau affected the carbon-sequestering microbial communities within wetland ecosystems, which were closely related to the responses and adaptation mechanisms of alpine wetland ecosystems to climate change. This study focused on wetland soils subjected to different precipitation gradient treatments and employed high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the soil cbbM carbon-sequestering microbial communities. The results indicated that Proteobacteria were the dominant microbial community responsible for carbon sequestration in the Wayan Mountain wetland. A 50% increase in precipitation significantly raised the soil moisture content, while a 50% reduction and a 25% increase in precipitation notably enhanced the total soil carbon content. The 25% reduction in precipitation increased the differences in microbial community composition, whereas both the 50% increase and the 50% reduction in precipitation decreased these differences. The soil pH and temperature had the most significant impact on the carbon-sequestering microbial communities. In conclusion, changes in precipitation affect the cbbM carbon sequestration characteristics of soil microbial communities, and a moderate reduction in water input benefited carbon sequestration in wetlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OSI-027 as a Potential Drug Candidate Targeting Upregulated Hub Protein TAF1 in Potential Mechanism of Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Proteomics and Molecular Docking.","authors":"Watcharapong Panthong, Chamsai Pientong, Thawaree Nukpook, Chukkris Heawchaiyaphum, Sirinart Aromseree, Tipaya Ekalaksananan","doi":"10.3390/biology13121089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) is a rare tumor with high mortality and recurrence rates. However, SNSCC carcinogenesis mechanisms and potential therapeutic drugs have not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the key molecular mechanisms and hub proteins involved in SNSCC carcinogenesis using proteomics and bioinformatic analysis. Dysregulated proteins were validated by RT-qPCR in SNSCC and nasal polyp (NP) tissues. Proteomic analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins were clustered using MCODE scores ≥ 4 into three modules. The specific hub proteins in each module were analyzed in carcinogenesis pathways using STRING, highlighting potential mechanisms of histone modification and spliceosome dysregulation. Spliceosome components SNRNP200 and SF3A3 were significantly downregulated in SNSCC by RT-qPCR. Web-based applications L1000CDS² and iLINCS were applied to identify 10 potential repurposable drugs that could reverse the gene expression pattern associated with SNSCC. Docking studies of TAF1, a protein in histone modification, with these 10 small molecule inhibitors indicated OSI-027 to be the most promising due to its strong binding interactions with key residues. These findings suggest that hub proteins involved in the underlying mechanism of SNSCC carcinogenesis may serve as valuable targets for drug development, with OSI-027 emerging as a novel candidate against TAF1 in SNSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Plasticity and Evolutionary Constraints in <i>Bacillus</i>: Implications for Climate Change Adaptation.","authors":"Enrique Hurtado-Bautista, Africa Islas-Robles, Gabriel Moreno-Hagelsieb, Gabriela Olmedo-Alvarez","doi":"10.3390/biology13121088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ongoing rise in global temperatures poses significant challenges to ecosystems, particularly impacting bacterial communities that are central to biogeochemical cycles. The resilience of wild mesophilic bacteria to temperature increases of 2-4 °C remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted experimental evolution on six wild <i>Bacillus</i> strains from two lineages (<i>Bacillus cereus</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>) to examine their thermal adaptation strategies. We exposed the bacteria to gradually increasing temperatures to assess their thermal plasticity, focusing on the genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation. While <i>B. subtilis</i> lineages improved growth at highly critical temperatures, only one increased its thermal niche to 4 °C above their natural range. This finding is concerning given climate change projections. <i>B. cereus</i> strains exhibited higher mutation rates but were not able to grow at increasing temperatures, while <i>B. subtilis</i> required fewer genetic changes to increase heat tolerance, indicating distinct adaptive strategies. We observed convergent evolution in five evolved lines, with mutations in genes involved in c-di-AMP synthesis, which is crucial for potassium transport, implicating this chemical messenger for the first time in heat tolerance. These insights highlight the vulnerability of bacteria to climate change and underscore the importance of genetic background in shaping thermal adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of Prenatal Muscle Satellite Cells (MuSCs) and Their Epigenetic Modifications During Skeletal Muscle Development in Yak Fetus.","authors":"Guoxiong Nan, Wei Peng, Shangrong Xu, Guowen Wang, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.3390/biology13121091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate prenatal muscle satellite cell (MuSC) development and the associated epigenetic modifications in yak. Here, we conducted morphological and protein co-localization analyses of fetal longissimus dorsi muscle at various developmental stages using histology and immunofluorescence staining methods. Our study observed that primary muscle fibers began forming at 40 days of gestation, fully developed by 11 weeks, and secondary muscle fibers were predominantly formed by around 105 days. Throughout development, MuSCs were mainly located between the muscle fiber membrane and the basement membrane, acting as a reserve for the stem cell pool. MuSCs appeared within myotubes only during critical phases of primary and secondary muscle fiber formation. The proliferation of MuSCs gradually decreases until birth. MuSCs with 5mC modification show a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. MuSCs with 5hmC modification also present a dynamic change trend. The 41st day and 11th week are the critical periods for the changes of both. From the 11th week to around the 110th day of gestation, the modification effect of histone H3K4me3 is crucial for MuSCs during the development of the fetal longissimus dorsi muscle. Combined, our data identify key time points for yak fetal skeletal muscle growth and development and demonstrate that DNA methylation and histone modifications in MuSCs are closely related to this process, offering a valuable basis for future research into the molecular mechanisms underlying yak muscle development.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Corrosion of Copper Under Conditions Simulating Deep Radioactive Waste Disposal.","authors":"Elena Abramova, Natalia Shapagina, Grigoriy Artemiev, Alexey Safonov","doi":"10.3390/biology13121086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents the results of microbial corrosion tests on M0-grade copper under conditions simulating a geological repository for radioactive waste at the Yeniseisky site (Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia). The work used a microbial community sampled from a depth of 450 m and stimulated with glucose, hydrogen and sulfate under anaerobic conditions. It was shown that the maximum corrosion rate, reaching 9.8 µm/y, was achieved with the addition of sulfate (1 g/L) with the participation of microorganisms from the families <i>Desulfomicrobiaceae</i>, <i>Desulfovibrionaceae</i> and <i>Desulfuromonadaceae</i>. It was noted that the most important factor leading to copper corrosion was the accumulation of hydrogen sulfide during the activation of sulfate-reducing microorganisms of the genera <i>Desulfomicrobium</i>, <i>Desulfovibrio</i> and <i>Desulfuromonas.</i> During the development of the microbial community under these conditions, the content of copper can have a significant toxic effect at a concentration of more than 250 mg/L.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Genetic Make Up of Italian Lipizzan Horse Through Uniparental Markers to Preserve Historical Pedigrees.","authors":"Alessandra Crisà, Irene Cardinali, Andrea Giontella, Maurizio Silvestrelli, Hovirag Lancioni, Luca Buttazzoni","doi":"10.3390/biology13121087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipizzan is a famous horse breed dating back to 1580 when the original stud of Lipica was established by the Hasburg Archduke Charles II. Currently, the Italian State Stud of Lipizzan Horses (ASCAL) is a conservation nucleus managed through strict mating rules where mitochondrial DNA sequences are used to verify the correct assignment of mares to a historical pedigree maternal lineage. Here, we analyzed the D-loop sequences of Lipizzan horses from the ASCAL in Monterotondo (Rome, Italy) in order to confirm their pedigree assignment to known female founder families. The concurrent investigation of the paternal counterpart based on variation in the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY) showed a prevalence of HT02 (80%), typical of the Neapolitan/Oriental wave. The mtDNA polymorphisms identified shaped nine haplotypes that were unequivocally assigned to each of nine classical mare families of the stud (Africa, Almerina, Argentina, Deflorata, Djebrin, Fistula, Ivanka, Sardinia, Spadiglia), while the Europa and Theodorosta families shared a tenth haplotype. New polymorphisms were identified in a not previously studied region (np 16100-16350). The mtDNA phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Lipizzans of the Monterotondo stud belong to six haplogroups (B, C, G, L, M, Q), out of the 18 recorded for the equine species. This work enabled us to identify and preserve ten haplotypes from the historical maternal lines in a small stud kept in genetic segregation for over 100 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Niche Evolution and Conservation of a Chinese Endemic Genus <i>Sinojackia</i> (Styracaceae).","authors":"Miao Feng, Jisi Zhang","doi":"10.3390/biology13121085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change and human activities are expected to have a profound impact on the distribution of species, especially for narrowly distributed species. <i>Sinojackia</i> is endemically distributed in China, and all species are listed under Chinese protected wild species. Here, we reconstructed the phylogeny and estimated the divergence time of <i>Sinojackia</i> based on whole plastomes, conducted the niche evolution, and predicted the potential habitat area of <i>Sinojackia</i> from the LGM to the future. Our results strongly supported the monophyly of <i>Sinojackia</i> based on whole plastomes. This genus originated in the middle Miocene and diversified since the late Miocene. The aridity index was the highest significant factor for its niche evolution, and the niche evolution rate increased slowly since its divergence. The precipitation of the warmest quarter was a main environmental variable affecting the distribution of <i>Sinojackia</i> in the LGM, while the human footprint is the main variable in the near-current era and 2081-2100. Compared to the current distribution of <i>Sinojackia</i>, the highly suitable distribution area contracted in the LGM, but expanded during 2081-2100. This study provides potential areas for the in situ conservation of <i>Sinojackia</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaccessibility of Flavones, Flavanones, and Flavonols from Vegetable Foods and Beverages.","authors":"Alice Cattivelli, Melissa Zannini, Maddalena De Angeli, Domenico D'Arca, Vincenzo Minischetti, Angela Conte, Davide Tagliazucchi","doi":"10.3390/biology13121081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The bioaccessibility of flavonoids is of paramount importance in determining their bioavailability and biological effects. Bioaccessibility is influenced by several aspects, comprising the food matrix and the structure of flavonoids. In the present study, the bioaccessibility of different classes of flavonoids (flavanones, flavones, and flavonols) was investigated after in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion of beverages and vegetables. O-glycosylated flavanones were stable during in vitro digestion and easily released from the food matrix. Otherwise, C-glycosylated flavanones displayed a lower bioaccessibility index. Similarly, flavones exhibited a high bioaccessibility index in beverages and vegetables, with the O-glycosylated forms being more stable than the C-glycosylated. Flavonols displayed different stability under gastro-intestinal conditions depending on their structure. The presence of a catechol moiety in the B-ring, as observed in 3-O-glycosylated quercetins, negatively impacted flavonol stability in comparison with kaempferol derivatives that lack the catechol moiety. Indeed, the presence of more than one sugar or the glycosylation of the OH group in the B-ring improved the digestive stability of quercetin derivatives. For flavonols, a clear food matrix effect was observed by comparing the bioaccessibility in beverages and vegetable foods. These findings may aid in improving the comprehension of the biological effects of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Aldosterone on Hypertension-Associated Kidney Injury in a Tg-hAS Mouse Model.","authors":"Huiying Gu, Zhe Chen, Nicole Du, Sisi Yang, Yongqi Yu, Yansheng Du","doi":"10.3390/biology13121084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension remains a global health challenge due to its high prevalence and association with premature morbidity and mortality. Aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid hormone, and its receptor, the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), are highly implicated in hypertension pathogenesis. Aldosterone synthase is the sole enzyme responsible for producing aldosterone in humans. We established transgenic mice carrying the human aldosterone synthase gene (cyp11B2) and showed dramatically increased levels of aldosterone in female hemizygotes. High-salt diets persistently increased blood pressure in these mice, and salt-induced hypertension was significantly ameliorated by reducing aldosterone levels via an aldosterone synthase inhibitor or blocking MR via an MR inhibitor. Since both hypertension and hyperaldosteronism specifically induce chronic kidney disease, in this model, we demonstrated that chronic high-salt diets induced hypertension in this mouse line and resulted in kidney inflammation and injury. Both the aldosterone synthase inhibitor and the MR antagonist markedly blocked high-salt-diet-mediated kidney injury. Thus, this transgenic mouse line can be used to study the pathogenic mechanisms underlying aldosterone and its receptor and to screen therapeutic compounds for aldosterone-mediated hypertension and related complications, such as kidney disease, in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoimmune Diseases and Molecular Mimicry in Tuberculosis.","authors":"Leonid P Churilov, Muslimbek G Normatov, Hong Ling, Min Zhuang, Dmitry Kudlay, Anna Starshinova","doi":"10.3390/biology13121083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comorbidities in tuberculosis patients are increasing annually. Autoimmune pathology may influence the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB). However, the molecular mimicry between <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (Mtb) and human autoantigens is an important provocative factor in the development of autoimmunity on one hand. Mtb has already been widely discussed as a provocateur of autoimmunity in humans. The aim of this study was to determine whether molecular mimicry exists between Mtb antigens and human autoantigens previously demonstrated as targets of autoimmunity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We analyzed the level of antibodies in 19 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. In all cases ELISA assays was used. Also, in parallel, we identified 29 similar pentapeptides between key Mtb antigens and human autoantigens. Bioinformatic methods were used in this study. All amino acid sequences of MT antigens and human autoantigens were obtained from the UniProt database, and similar epitopes between Mtb antigens and human autoantigens were identified using the original \"Alignmentaj\" program. The immunoreactivity of the shared pentapeptides in Mtb antigens was evaluated with use of the IEDB database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The high level of antibodies to modified citrulinated vimentin (anti-MCV) was most frequently detected (57%) in comparison with other antibodies. Elevated levels of antibodies to C3 complement fragments (47%) and rheumatoid factors (21%) in the absence of any rheumatic or autoimmune diseases are noteworthy. Several of the shared pentapeptides belong to the immunoreactive epitopes of Mtb antigens. The bioinformatic data correlated with our earlier studies of the levels of corresponding autoantibodies in the sera of TB patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings on cross-reactivity and sequence similarity between the Mtb proteins and human autoantigens provide support for the role of antigen mimicry in TB-related autoimmunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}