Biology-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Integrative Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies <i>TNF</i> and <i>IL1B</i> as Candidate Key Early-Response Genes in Macrophages Infected with Smooth <i>Brucella</i> Using a Comprehensive Bioinformatic Approach.","authors":"Xiaoyu Yang, Qiang Chen","doi":"10.3390/biology14050579","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Smooth <i>Brucella</i> are the main pathogenic bacteria that threaten human health and food safety. The early stage of smooth <i>Brucella</i> and macrophage interaction is an important phase, and smooth <i>Brucella</i> species elicit a dramatic transcriptional response in infected macrophages. However, the key transcriptional events are still obscure. This study aimed to identify key candidate response pathways and genes in macrophages infected with smooth <i>Brucella</i> at the early interaction stage. Three gene expression profiles including GSE21117, GSE5202, and GSE8385 were retrieved from the NCBI GEO database, and were integrated using comprehensive bioinformatics methods including gene set enrichment analysis, differentially expressed gene analysis, protein and protein interaction (PPI) network construction, and transcription factor prediction. The results showed that 16 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated pathways were identified, including six up-regulated immune-related pathways. A total of 41 up-regulated and four down-regulated genes were identified, and a PPI network including 31 nodes and 134 edges was constructed based on the interactive information of 45 dysregulated genes. A highly correlated module comprising 19 nodes and 103 edges was identified based on the topological features of the whole PPI network. Seven centrality analyses revealed that <i>Tnf</i> and <i>Il1b</i> were essential genes in the highly correlated module, and that the two essential genes were simultaneously enriched in eight significantly up-regulated pathways (including two immune-related pathways). <i>Bcl3</i> was predicted as a transcription factor in the highly correlated module, and may play regulatory roles in the transcription of <i>Tnf</i> and <i>Il1b</i> genes. The present study identified <i>Tnf</i> and <i>IL1b</i> as candidate key response genes in infected macrophages at the early stage of smooth <i>Brucella</i> and macrophage interaction, which contributes to a deeper understanding of the early key transcriptional events in macrophages infected with smooth <i>Brucella</i> species.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the Distribution Range of the Genus <i>Cardiocrinum</i> in China Under Climate Change and Human Activities.","authors":"Yuxin Zhang, Shujian Zhang, Haiyan Xiao, Heng Li, Da Liao, Yuxi Xue, Xinyi Huang, Qitao Su, Yian Xiao","doi":"10.3390/biology14050581","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cardiocrinum</i> are perennial herbaceous plants of the Liliaceae family with high ornamental, nutritional, and medicinal value. However, critical knowledge gaps remain regarding the following: (1) the fine-scale habitat preferences of <i>Cardiocrinum</i>; (2) the key ecological drivers influencing their growth and distribution. The MaxEnt software 3.4.1 was used to simulate the current and future suitable habitats of <i>Cardiocrinum</i>, evaluate the impacts of environmental changes on its distribution, and determine the distribution changes under climate change scenarios. The AUC value of the model used in the current study was >0.98, which indicates that the model had good accuracy. The results show that as a typical understory herb, precipitation in the warmest quarter (bio18) and temperature seasonality (bio04) are the main factors affecting the distribution of <i>Cardiocrinum</i>. In addition, <i>Cardiocrinum giganteum</i> and <i>Cardiocrinum giganteum</i> var. <i>yunnanense</i> are also affected by slope and human activity. Under the SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585 climate scenarios, the suitable habitat areas of <i>Cardiocrinum cathayanum</i> and <i>C. giganteum</i> showed an increasing trend. The suitable habitat area of <i>C. giganteum</i> var. <i>yunnanense</i> increased under the SSP126 climate scenario; however, it substantially declined in SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios. The distribution area of <i>Cardiocrinum</i> shifted to higher latitudes. The centroid of <i>C. cathayanum</i> shifted more than 5 degrees of latitude during SSP585 2081s, while the centroid of <i>C. giganteum</i> and <i>C. giganteum</i> var. <i>yunnanense</i> did not shift more than 2 degrees of latitude. In addition, the centroid longitudes of <i>C. giganteum</i> and <i>C. giganteum</i> var. <i>yunnanense</i> shifted westward under the three climate scenarios. There is ecological niche differentiation among <i>C. cathayanum</i> and others, whilst <i>C. giganteum</i> and <i>C. giganteum</i> var. <i>yunnanense</i> have overlapping ecological niches. In the future, we will strengthen the protection of wild <i>Cardiocrinum</i> resources in accordance with environmental factors and suitable habitats for <i>Cardiocrinum</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoplankton Structure and Ecological Niche Differentiation of Dominant Species in Tahe Bay, China.","authors":"Yanrong Zhang, Zengqiang Yin, Yinghai Du, Xiangxu Wei, Yikai Lan, Quan Yu, Yan Wang, Tao Tian, Lei Chen, Jun Yang","doi":"10.3390/biology14050578","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phytoplankton serve as crucial producers in marine ecosystems, and their community composition and populations' dispersion directly or indirectly influence the productivity of marine waters via the trophic cascade effect within the food chain. A survey was undertaken in September 2021 and March, April, and November 2022 to examine the phytoplankton structure and the environmental variables influencing ecological niche differentiation in the waters of Tahe Bay in Lushun, Dalian city, China. The findings indicated that there are 83 species representing forty-one genera and six phyla, with an annual mean abundance of 22.13 × 10⁴ ind·m^-3, predominantly represented by Bacillariophyta (65 species, constituting 78.31% of the total species). The phytoplankton richness indices varied from 0.83 to 4.99, diversity indices ranged from 2.03 to 2.80, and evenness indices spanned from 0.28 to 0.84. Pearson's correlation between phytoplankton abundance and community diversity with environmental parameters, including water temperature, salinity, pH, DO, NH₃-N, and NO₃-N, was substantial in Tahe Bay's waters. The dominant species, comprising 20 species across three phyla, primarily include broad-niche species, with <i>Paralia sulcata</i> being the most prevalent species, except during summer. The extent of ecological niche overlap among the dominant species varied by season, exhibiting 40.0% severe overlap in September 2021, 100.0% severe overlap in March 2022, 93.0% severe overlap in April 2022, and 58.0% severe overlap in November 2022. The findings of redundancy analysis (RDA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that COD, water temperature, NO₃-N, DIP, NO₂-N, and NH₃-N are the primary environmental variables influencing the ecological niche differentiation of dominant species of phytoplankton. The results of the study elucidate the alteration rules of dominant species and the stability of the community structure of the phytoplankton community in this sea area, thereby offering a theoretical foundation for the scientific assessment of the ecological health of the area and the sustainable utilization of marine biological resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-Wide-Association-Analysis-Based Identification of Genetic Loci and Candidate Genes Associated with Cold Germination in Sweet Corn.","authors":"Changjin Wang, Yulin Yu, Jie Liu, Ahmad Rizwan, Zain Abbas, Haibing Yu, Xinxin Cheng","doi":"10.3390/biology14050580","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sweet corn is highly susceptible to low temperatures, especially during seed germination, which severely affects plant growth and crop yield. This study used 100 sweet corn micro-core germplasms to evaluate two key germination traits under cold stress: seed storage material utilization efficiency (SRUE) and mobilization weight (WMSR). To investigate the genetic basis of cold germination in sweet corn, we selected the BLINK model for GWAS due to its ability to minimize false positives. A total of nine SNPs were found to be significantly associated with cold germination. These SNPs explained between 9.8% and 17.2% of the phenotypic variance (PVE). Within the confidence interval, 63 functionally annotated genes were identified. Fourteen candidate genes associated with cold germination were identified through GO functional analysis and the functional expression of homologous genes. A literature analysis indicated that these genes are primarily involved in seed germination, cold tolerance, and responses to other abiotic stresses. These findings enhance our understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying cold germination, establishing a theoretical foundation for breeding cold-tolerant sweet corn varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Humulus lupulus</i> Promoting Osteoblast Activity and Bone Integrity: Effects and Mechanisms.","authors":"Nahuel Ezequiel Wanionok, Germán Andrés Colareda, Juan Manuel Fernandez","doi":"10.3390/biology14050582","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoporosis is characterized by an imbalance between bone formation and resorption, leading to decreased bone mass and an increased fracture risk, mainly associated with aging. Current treatments include anti-resorptive and anabolic drugs. However, these often have side effects, leading many patients to seek natural biological alternatives. We have demonstrated previously that hops extract, rich in compounds with estrogenic activity classified as phytoestrogens, exerts osteogenic effects by promoting the osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) while inhibiting osteoclast activity <i>in vitro</i>. In our study, young male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into two groups: one received hops extract (LPL, 1% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i> in drinking water) for two months, and the other drank water alone (C). The rats were euthanized, and their femurs were dissected and processed for static histomorphometry and bone biomechanics. Additionally, BMSCs were isolated from the humeri to evaluate their osteogenic potential. Our result demonstrated that LPL treatment enhanced the osteogenic potential of humeral BMSCs in <i>ex vivo</i> assays, upregulating osteogenic genes and downregulating pro-resorptive markers. These findings correlated with improved femoral bone microarchitecture and biomechanical parameters. In conclusion, a two-month treatment with LPL enhanced the osteogenic capacity of BMSCs, improving bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties. These results suggest its potential as a natural alternative for promoting bone health.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated miRNA-mRNA Profiling of C2C12 Myoblasts Indicates Regulatory Interactions Involved in Proliferation and Differentiation.","authors":"Xiaolong Chang, Junwu Ma","doi":"10.3390/biology14050574","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myogenesis is a complex biological process regulated by multiple factors. This study systematically revealed the dynamic changes of gene expression and its regulatory network in C2C12 myoblasts during proliferation and differentiation stages by integrating transcriptome and miRNA-omics data. The analysis results showed that in the early stage of proliferation, gene expression showed significant fluctuations, and key cell cycle and DNA replication-related genes were closely associated with specific miRNAs (miR-486a-5p, miR-486b-5p, and miR-351-5p), suggesting that these miRNAs play an important role in regulating cell proliferation. In the differentiation stage, the activation of key myogenic transcription factors and signaling pathways, such as MAPK and PI3K-Akt, synergizes with miRNA regulation to promote the myogenic program. In addition, we found that genes such as <i>IGF1</i> and <i>Dio2</i> were continuously upregulated during differentiation, and IGF1 might be regulated by multiple miRNAs during this process. This study provides key molecular insights for a deeper understanding of muscle development and regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdermal Semaglutide Administration in Mice: Reduces Body Weight by Suppressing Appetite and Enhancing Metabolic Rate.","authors":"Wenjing Li, Ruilin Cai, Binxin Yin, Yingying Zhou, Xinyuan Dong, Wenting Li, Jing Wen","doi":"10.3390/biology14050575","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that shows significant efficacy in treating obesity. However, its associated side effects, including poor patient compliance and gastrointestinal inflammation, are concerning and may be largely attributed to its administration methods (e.g., injection vs. oral) and the pronounced fluctuations in systemic drug concentrations. To address these challenges, we investigated an innovative drug delivery system (Transdermal Drug Delivery System, TDDS) designed to maintain therapeutic efficacy while improving patient adherence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both transdermal and injection treatments of semaglutide decreased body weight, carcass weight, blood glucose, and triglyceride levels in male mice compared with the vehicle-treated control group. In addition, transdermal semaglutide in mice reduced the expression of feeding neuropeptides and the mass of the digestive tract, but increased brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass, metabolic rate, and physical activity, compared with the semaglutide injection group. Additionally, transdermal semaglutide had anxiolytic effects on behavior and did not alter tissue pathology in mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with the injection paradigm, transdermal semaglutide treatment achieved superior weight loss results in two possible ways: It may reduce energy intake by decreasing the expression of feeding neuropeptides and reducing the weight of the digestive tract. It may also facilitate energy expenditure by enhancing physical activity and increasing BAT mass to boost the metabolic rate. Transdermal semaglutide treatment also has an anxiolytic effect on behavior. Together, our data suggest that TDDS treatment of GLP-1RA may have superior clinical safety and sustainability, providing a novel, efficient, and low-risk obesity treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Population Density, Interspecific Territoriality, and Philopatry of Shrikes (Laniidae) and Bushshrikes (Malaconotidae) in a Mosaic of Natural and Human-Modified Acacia Savanna.","authors":"Grzegorz Kopij","doi":"10.3390/biology14050577","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In avian behavioural and spatial ecology, issues related to population density, territoriality, and philopatry are especially important. These are often interrelated. The aim of this study was to analyse these behaviours in shrikes inhabiting an acacia savanna in northern Namibia (400 ha). Population densities of one shrike and four bushshrike species were studied by means of the territory mapping method. About half of the study area had been modified by humans into cultivated fields, orchards, sport fields, and human settlements. This study was conducted in 2012/2013, 2017/2018, and 2019/2020. The most common species were the Black-backed Puffback (2.5 pairs/100 ha) and Crimson-breasted Shrike (1.9); the least common were the Southern White-crowned Shrike (0.8) and Brubru (1.0). Statistics for the Brown-crowned Tchagra indicated a density of 1.5 pairs/100 ha. While the density of the Brown-crowned Tchagra and Brubru remained stable over the years, the population densities of the Black-backed Shrike, Crimson-breasted Shrike, and Southern White-crowned Shrike showed a remarkable increase over the years 2012-2020. All bushshrike species showed a preference for patches of natural savanna vegetation. This was especially evident in the Crimson-breasted Shrike and the Brubru. However, the Southern White-crowned Shrike from the shrike family did not show this preference. The presented studies showed marked interspecific differences in territoriality and philopatry. Furthermore, even within the same species, marked temporal differences were shown in population density, probably also in philopatry. Within families, these behaviours may shape both resource competition and mate competition, while between families, these behaviours only shape resource competition.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Glioblastoma: A Risk Score Model for TMZ Resistance and Immune Checkpoint Inhibition.","authors":"Nazareno Gonzalez, Melanie Perez Küper, Matias Garcia Fallit, Alejandro J Nicola Candia, Jorge A Peña Agudelo, Maicol Suarez Velandia, Ana Clara Romero, Guillermo Agustin Videla-Richardson, Marianela Candolfi","doi":"10.3390/biology14050572","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioblastoma (GBM) presents significant therapeutic challenges due to its invasive nature and resistance to standard chemotherapy, i.e., temozolomide (TMZ). This study aimed to identify gene signatures that predict poor TMZ response and high PD-L1/PD-1 tumor expression, and explore potential sensitivity to alternative drugs. We analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) biopsy data to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) linked to these characteristics. Among 33 upregulated DEGs, 5 were significantly correlated with overall survival. A risk score model was built using these 5 DEGs, classifying patients into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups. We assessed immune cell infiltration, immunosuppressive mediators, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in each group using correlation analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and machine learning. The model demonstrated strong predictive power, with high-risk patients exhibiting poorer survival and increased immune infiltration. GSEA revealed upregulation of immune and EMT-related pathways in high-risk patients. Our analyses suggest that high-risk patients may exhibit limited response to PD-1 inhibitors, but could show sensitivity to etoposide and paclitaxel. This risk score model provides a valuable tool for guiding therapeutic decisions and identifying alternative chemotherapy options to enable the development of personalized and cost-effective treatments for GBM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LIFE STREAMS Project for the Recovery of the Native Mediterranean Trout in Six Italian Pilot Areas: Planning and Adoption of Conservation Actions.","authors":"Antonella Carosi, Lorenzo Talarico, Claudia Greco, Antonia Vecchiotti, Susanna D'Antoni, Alessandro Longobardi, Stefano Macchio, Marco Carafa, Paolo Casula, Antonio Perfetti, Paola Amprimo, Alessandro Rossetti, Federico Morandi, Davide Alberti, Pietro Serroni, Stefano Raimondi, Diego Mattioli, Nadia Mucci, Massimo Lorenzoni","doi":"10.3390/biology14050573","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Mediterranean trout (currently referred to as <i>Salmo ghigii</i> for Corsican and Italian-native populations) is listed as Endangered in the IUCN Red List, due to fragmented distribution and declining populations across its whole range, and is included in Annex II of the European Habitat Directive. The widespread genome introgression from the invasive Atlantic trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>), overexploitation, and habitat alterations represent major threats to the persistence of native populations. The LIFE18NAT/IT/000931 STREAMS project aims to enhance conservation status of Mediterranean trout in 6 Italian pilot areas (Maiella, Sibillini Mountains, Casentino Forests and Pollino National Parks, Montemarcello-Magra-Vara Regional Park, and Sardinia with five sites of the Natura 2000 Network), and in 19 transferability areas covering almost the whole Italian species range. To achieve this, the following conservation strategies were implemented: (i) the identification of residual native populations; (ii) eradication of entirely Atlantic-exotic populations and removal of hybrids in admixed populations; (iii) restocking/reintroduction of native populations; (iv) monitoring/improving the Mediterranean trout habitats quality; (v) production of the \"Guidelines for the conservation and management of native Mediterranean trout and its habitat\"; and (vi) the prevention of illegal stocking. Here, we present the project rationale, major outcomes on demographic and genetic characterization of wild populations, and summary results from conservation actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}