Biology-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Glioblastoma: A Risk Score Model for TMZ Resistance and Immune Checkpoint Inhibition.","authors":"Nazareno Gonzalez, Melanie Perez Küper, Matias Garcia Fallit, Alejandro J Nicola Candia, Jorge A Peña Agudelo, Maicol Suarez Velandia, Ana Clara Romero, Guillermo Agustin Videla-Richardson, Marianela Candolfi","doi":"10.3390/biology14050572","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioblastoma (GBM) presents significant therapeutic challenges due to its invasive nature and resistance to standard chemotherapy, i.e., temozolomide (TMZ). This study aimed to identify gene signatures that predict poor TMZ response and high PD-L1/PD-1 tumor expression, and explore potential sensitivity to alternative drugs. We analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) biopsy data to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) linked to these characteristics. Among 33 upregulated DEGs, 5 were significantly correlated with overall survival. A risk score model was built using these 5 DEGs, classifying patients into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups. We assessed immune cell infiltration, immunosuppressive mediators, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in each group using correlation analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and machine learning. The model demonstrated strong predictive power, with high-risk patients exhibiting poorer survival and increased immune infiltration. GSEA revealed upregulation of immune and EMT-related pathways in high-risk patients. Our analyses suggest that high-risk patients may exhibit limited response to PD-1 inhibitors, but could show sensitivity to etoposide and paclitaxel. This risk score model provides a valuable tool for guiding therapeutic decisions and identifying alternative chemotherapy options to enable the development of personalized and cost-effective treatments for GBM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LIFE STREAMS Project for the Recovery of the Native Mediterranean Trout in Six Italian Pilot Areas: Planning and Adoption of Conservation Actions.","authors":"Antonella Carosi, Lorenzo Talarico, Claudia Greco, Antonia Vecchiotti, Susanna D'Antoni, Alessandro Longobardi, Stefano Macchio, Marco Carafa, Paolo Casula, Antonio Perfetti, Paola Amprimo, Alessandro Rossetti, Federico Morandi, Davide Alberti, Pietro Serroni, Stefano Raimondi, Diego Mattioli, Nadia Mucci, Massimo Lorenzoni","doi":"10.3390/biology14050573","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Mediterranean trout (currently referred to as <i>Salmo ghigii</i> for Corsican and Italian-native populations) is listed as Endangered in the IUCN Red List, due to fragmented distribution and declining populations across its whole range, and is included in Annex II of the European Habitat Directive. The widespread genome introgression from the invasive Atlantic trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>), overexploitation, and habitat alterations represent major threats to the persistence of native populations. The LIFE18NAT/IT/000931 STREAMS project aims to enhance conservation status of Mediterranean trout in 6 Italian pilot areas (Maiella, Sibillini Mountains, Casentino Forests and Pollino National Parks, Montemarcello-Magra-Vara Regional Park, and Sardinia with five sites of the Natura 2000 Network), and in 19 transferability areas covering almost the whole Italian species range. To achieve this, the following conservation strategies were implemented: (i) the identification of residual native populations; (ii) eradication of entirely Atlantic-exotic populations and removal of hybrids in admixed populations; (iii) restocking/reintroduction of native populations; (iv) monitoring/improving the Mediterranean trout habitats quality; (v) production of the \"Guidelines for the conservation and management of native Mediterranean trout and its habitat\"; and (vi) the prevention of illegal stocking. Here, we present the project rationale, major outcomes on demographic and genetic characterization of wild populations, and summary results from conservation actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Prophage Diversity and Host Interactions in Liberibacter: Genomic Insights for Phage Therapy Against Citrus Huanglongbing.","authors":"Hui Yin, Jiaxing Wan, Siyu Zhang, Zhuozhuo Wu, Wanshan Zhang, Yuxia Gao","doi":"10.3390/biology14050576","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HLB is a severe and devastating disease affecting citrus plants, for which no cure is currently available. The pathogen CLas is an unculturable, phloem-limited α-proteobacterium associated with HLB. Phages, known for their ability to directly lyse pathogenic bacteria, have been widely recognized as effective control agents in both medical and agricultural fields. In this study, we identified 191 prophages across 48 Liberibacter genomes using comparative genomics and phylogenetic methods. These prophages were classified into 17 distinct types, with 13 novel types, named NF1 to NF13. Diversity analysis revealed that the number of prophages per genome ranged from one to eight, with an average of four. Annotation showed that the genome sizes of NF1-NF13 ranged from 10,160 bp to 72,736 bp, with an average size of 27,616 bp, containing between 7 and 66 genes (average: 27 genes). Further functional enrichment of the sequences within 5 kb upstream and downstream of the integration site identified six main aspects, involving four core biological processes: genome structure modification, gene expression regulation, stress response activation, and metabolic pathway modulation. It is speculated that the insertion of the prophage significantly impacts the host. Six virulence factors, including <i>carB</i>, <i>clpC</i>, <i>flhA</i>, <i>algW</i>, <i>rffG</i>, and <i>IlpA</i>, were identified in the prophages. Interestingly, prophages containing <i>carB</i> or <i>clpC</i> are predominantly found in CLas, which may contribute to the global colonization of CLas. Notably, among the 35 identified Type 4 prophages, 19 were found to be active. Type 4 is the only active prophage type, making it a promising candidate for developing phage therapy against CLas. This study is significant for a deeper understanding of the diversity of Liberibacter and the interactions between prophages and their hosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light/Dark Cycle Lighting Influences Growth and Energy Use Efficiency of Hydroponic Lettuces in an LED Plant Factory.","authors":"Wen Li, Luming Zhong, Xiang Ji, Jun Wang, Dongxian He","doi":"10.3390/biology14050571","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The alterable light/dark cycle in a plant factory with artificial lighting eliminates the traditional concept of day and night in nature. Adjusting the light/dark cycle to closely align with the inherent circadian rhythm of plants can enhance biomass accumulation. In this study, we examined the effects of different light/dark cycles on the photosynthetic performance, growth, and energy use efficiency of two hydroponic lettuce cultivars (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L. cv. 'Frillice' and 'Crunchy'). The lettuces were subjected to four light/dark cycle treatments-16 h light/8 h dark (L₁₆D₈, as control), 12 h light/6 h dark (L₁₂D₆), 8 h light/4 h dark (L₈D₄), and 4 h light/2 h dark (L₄D₂), all under LED lamps with white combined red chips at the same light intensity of 250 μmol m^-2 s^-1. Photosynthetic performance and growth index were measured during the slow and rapid growth stages, corresponding to days 9 and 21 after transplanting, respectively. For Frillice, L₁₂D₆ achieved the highest shoot dry weight and light and electricity energy use efficiencies on days 9 and 21 after transplanting, primarily due to the largest leaf area, leaf number, and net photosynthetic rate. For Crunchy, L₁₂D₆ and L₈D₄ increased shoot fresh and dry weights due to larger leaf area and leaf number on day 9 after transplanting compared with L₁₆D₈. Subsequently, the lettuces in L₁₆D₈ exhibited a rapid increase in leaf area and leaf number, along with a high net photosynthetic rate during the rapid growth stage, resulting in fast shoot biomass accumulation. There were no significant differences in the shoot dry weight and energy use efficiency between L₁₆D₈ and L₁₂D₆ on day 21 after transplanting. Two lettuce cultivars in L₁₆D₈ both exhibited the highest water use efficiency on day 21 after transplanting. In conclusion, the light/dark cycle lighting can alter lettuce biomass accumulation by modifying plant morphology and leaf net photosynthetic rate. Additionally, the physiological response to the light/dark cycle was cultivar-dependent. Our findings provide valuable insights for optimizing hydroponic lettuce production to achieve high yield in LED plant factories.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Pressure Microfluidic Homogenization Improves the Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Coenzyme Q10 Nanoliposomes.","authors":"Xinyu Li, Xingyu Zhao, Jing Wang, Baoshun Xu, Jin Feng, Wuyang Huang","doi":"10.3390/biology14050568","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coenzyme Q10 is a natural antioxidant with anti-tumor and mitochondrial protective effects. However, its unstable physicochemical properties and large molecular weight result in low bioavailability. This study aimed to develop an effective technique for constructing nanoliposomes to improve the physicochemical properties of CoQ10 by using high-pressure microfluidic homogenization. Liposomes were prepared using the ethanol injection method and homogenized by high-pressure microfluidics to optimize their physicochemical properties. Liposome morphology and microstructure were observed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The particle size distribution, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency were assessed, while effects on cell viability and antioxidant properties were investigated in HepG2 cells. The results indicate that the prepared liposomes exhibit favorable characteristics, including high encapsulation efficiency (>96%) and low PDI (<0.3), indicating uniform particle size distribution and good stability. The storage stability of liposomes at room temperature was significantly enhanced compared to liposomes not subjected to high pressure homogenization. In vitro cell experiments confirmed the liposomes' non-cytotoxicity and substantial antioxidant activity, ensuring their safety for biomedical applications. This study introduced a liposome preparation method combining ethanol injection and high-pressure microfluidic homogenization, offering a novel approach for liposome modification with potential for development and application in innovative drug delivery systems and antioxidant therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Cellular Experimental Validation Identify Lipoprotein Lipase Gene as a Novel Biomarker for Tumorigenesis and Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Wanwan He, Meilian Wei, Yan Huang, Junsen Qin, Meng Liu, Na Liu, Yanli He, Chuanbing Chen, Yali Huang, Heng Yin, Ren Zhang","doi":"10.3390/biology14050566","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and thus, more biomarker and therapeutic targets need to be explored. Herein, we aimed to explore new biomarkers of LUAD by integrating bioinformatics analysis with cell experiments. We firstly identified 266 druggable genes that were significantly differentially expressed between LUAD tissues and adjacent normal lung tissues. Among these genes, SMR analysis with <i>p</i>-value correction suggested that declining lipoprotein lipase (LPL) levels may be causally associated with an elevated risk of LUAD, which was corroborated by co-localization analysis. Analyses of clinical data showed that LPL in lung cancer tissues has considerable diagnostic value for LUAD, and elevated LPL levels were positively associated with improved patient survival outcomes. Cell experiments with an LPL activator proved these findings; the activator inhibited the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells. Next, we found that LPL promoted the infiltration of immune cells such as DCs, IDCs, and macrophages in LUAD by mononuclear sequencing analysis and TIMER2.0. Meanwhile, patients with low levels of LPL expression demonstrated superior immunotherapeutic responses to anti-PD-1 therapy. We conclude that LPL acts as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for LUAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Omics Pan-Cancer Profiling of <i>HSD17B10</i> Unveils Its Prognostic Potential, Metabolic Regulation, and Immune Microenvironment Interactions.","authors":"Tao Qi, Xiao Chang, Yiming Wang","doi":"10.3390/biology14050567","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study systematically analyzed the expression and clinical significance of Hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase type 10 (<i>HSD17B10</i>) in 33 cancers by integrating TCGA, GTEx, and other multi-omics databases. <i>HSD17B10</i> was highly expressed in 14 cancers, like GBM and LGG, but low in 5, such as KIRC. Its expression correlated closely with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In GBM-LGG, LGG, and other cancers, high <i>HSD17B10</i> expression was linked to lower survival rates, indicating that it could be an independent prognostic marker. <i>HSD17B10</i> also had a two-way relationship with the tumor's immune microenvironment. In cancers such as GBM-LGG, high expression correlated positively with immune/stromal scores. However, in most cancers like LUAD, it was negatively associated with B- and T-cell infiltration. Epigenetic analysis showed that low methylation in the <i>HSD17B10</i> promoter region might drive its high expression in tumors such as SARC, and specific methylation sites (e.g., CG26323797) were significantly related to patient survival. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that <i>HSD17B10</i> participated in tumor progression by regulating oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial metabolism, and RNA methylation. Single-cell and spatial transcriptome data further demonstrated that <i>HSD17B10</i> had a cell-type-specific expression pattern in colorectal cancer. This study provides a theoretical basis for <i>HSD17B10</i> as a pan-cancer prognostic marker and therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological Correlates of Ecological Specialization of Avian Communities in University Campuses of China.","authors":"Ling-Ying Shuai, Di Meng, Wan-Lan Ma, Jing-Wen Bai, Yue Luo, Yu-Xin Luo, Zhu-Cheng Gao, Hao Zhu, Zhu-Qin Long","doi":"10.3390/biology14050570","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rapid process of urbanization at a global scale, university campuses have been viewed as important urban green spaces for biodiversity conservation. However, little is known about the role of university campuses in protecting ecological specialists, the species usually vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbance. We assessed the associations between several ecological variates and ecological specialization of bird communities across 198 Chinese university campuses. A total of 398 bird species were recorded, including 109 diet specialist species and 104 foraging stratum specialist species. We found that the elevation of campuses was positively related to diet specialist species richness, and the campus area was positively related to foraging stratum specialist species richness. NDVI was positively associated with the community-wide foraging stratum specialization index, but negatively associated with the community-wide diet specialization index. Our results suggest that campuses with larger areas or located at high elevations play an important role in maintaining ecological specialization of bird communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TWIK Complex Expression in Prostate Cancer: Insights into the Biological and Therapeutic Significances of Potassium Ion Channels in Clinical Cancer.","authors":"Abdulaziz Alfahed","doi":"10.3390/biology14050569","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ion channels play ubiquitous roles in the maintenance of tumour cell homeostasis and hence are attractive targets in the molecular pathogenesis and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). This study aimed to investigate the roles of the potassium ion channel complex TWIK, a member of the two-pore-domain potassium channel subfamily, in clinical PCa. The clinicopathological, gene expression, and copy number data of three clinical PCa cohorts from cancer genomics databases were analysed to determine the clinicopathological, biological, and therapeutic significances of the TWIK expression signature using statistical correlations and gene enrichment techniques. The results show that the PCa subset with high TWIK expression exhibited associations with worse pathological tumours, nodes, and overall tumour stages, as well as with high Gleason scores, high prognostic grade groups, and poorer responses to androgen deprivation therapy. Furthermore, a combination of gene set and gene ontology enrichment analyses showed that the PCa subset with high TWIK complex expression was differentially enriched for known oncogenic signalling pathways, aberrant ubiquitination and glucuronidation activities, and for gene sets of ion channel blockers and chemotherapeutic agents. The implications of these findings with respect to cancer progression, therapeutic response, and opportunities for therapeutic targeting of the TWIK complex are discussed, along with the potential of the TWIK complex as a predictive biomarker for integrated, multitargeted therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Characterization of MIP_07528 of <i>Mycobacterium indicus pranii</i> for Tyrosine Phosphatase Activity Displays Sensitivity to Oxidative Inactivation and Plays a Role in Immunomodulation.","authors":"Raunak Raunak, Roopshali Rakshit, Aayush Bahl, Soumya Sinha, Saurabh Pandey, Sashi Kant, Deeksha Tripathi","doi":"10.3390/biology14050565","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biology14050565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Mycobacterium indicus pranii</i> (MIP), an atypical mycobacterium originally developed as an anti-leprosy vaccine, has emerged as a potent immunomodulator with diverse therapeutic applications. Despite its clinical significance, molecular mechanisms underlying MIP's immunomodulatory properties remain largely unexplored. Bacterial phosphatases are recognized as crucial virulence factors that enable pathogens to evade host defenses by modulating host immune signaling pathways, including phosphoinositide metabolism. MIP_07528 was identified as a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase B (PtpB) ortholog through in silico analysis, with significant sequence conservation observed within catalytic domains of pathogenic mycobacterial PtpB proteins. Phosphatase activity was detected in both cell lysate and culture filtrate fractions, revealing differential expression patterns between MIP and <i>M. tuberculosis</i>. Upregulation of MIP_07528 was demonstrated under oxidative stress, suggesting involvement in stress adaptation. The recombinant protein exhibited distinctive kinetic properties, characterized by higher substrate affinity yet increased susceptibility to oxidative inactivation compared to its M. tuberculosis counterpart. In macrophages, MIP_07528 suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines while enhancing anti-inflammatory IL-10 production. These findings establish MIP_07528 as a functional phosphatase that may contribute to MIP's immunomodulatory properties. This work advances understanding of phosphatase function in non-pathogenic mycobacteria while providing insights into virulence factor evolution and establishing a foundation for novel antimicrobial strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48624,"journal":{"name":"Biology-Basel","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}