Sustainable Production and Consumption最新文献

{"title":"Consumer behavior in circular business models: Unveiling conservation and rebound effects","authors":"Michał Bączyk,&nbsp;Vivian Tunn,&nbsp;Ernst Worrell,&nbsp;Blanca Corona","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Consumer engagement with circular business models can either foster sustainable consumption or drive circular economy rebound effects. Many studies assessing the environmental benefits of circular business models rely on assumptions about consumer behavior or do not explicitly address rebound effects. Consequently, the environmental benefits of circular business models might be overestimated. To consolidate current knowledge, we revisit 30 empirical case studies of business-to-consumer and consumer-to-consumer circular business models. To critically evaluate the overlap between circular and sustainable consumption, we assess consumer behavior from the perspective of conservation and rebound effects accounting for the contextual factors influencing consumer behavior, and we appraise the environmental impacts of circular consumption. We identify seven rebound mechanisms (consumption accumulation, income rebound, direct and indirect motivational rebound, respending, substitution rebound, and product care rebound) and four conservation mechanisms (consumption reduction, demand displacement, substitution, and product lifetime extension). The results of the environmental impact assessments are aligned with observations about consumer behavior, revealing cases in which circular consumption, compared to linear consumption, leads to both lower impacts despite rebound effects and higher impacts because of backfire effects. Rebound effects seem likely when the value proposition entails convenience or enables new forms of consumption, while conservation effects seem likely when business models promote sufficiency. Our findings emphasize that circular consumption is not inherently sustainable, highlighting the influence of the context of consumption and business model design on consumer behavior. We argue that the mitigation of consumer-level rebound effects should entail a user-centric business model design integrating sustainability principles, as well as consideration of potential rebound effects in a circular economy policy design. This study sheds light on the challenges and opportunities in achieving circular and sustainable consumption. We derive directions for future studies, calling for interdisciplinary approaches integrating psychological and sociological explanations of consumer behavior to identify and quantify rebound effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 283-298"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are air travelers willing to pay for mandatory carbon emission policies? Evidence from China","authors":"Bao-Jun Tang ,&nbsp;Rui Yan ,&nbsp;Jun-Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Chang-Jing Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aviation industry is one of the fastest-growing sectors in terms of CO₂ emissions and also one of the most challenging to decarbonize. China has become the world's second-largest aviation market. While a nationwide mandatory carbon reduction policy has yet to be introduced in China's aviation sector, it may be implemented in the coming years. The implementation of mandatory carbon reduction policies will inevitably raise questions about the distribution of additional costs. Therefore, air travelers' willingness to pay (WTP) and the factors influencing it are critical considerations for policymakers and airlines. However, there is a lack of research on the WTP of Chinese air travelers under mandatory carbon reduction policies. No studies have specifically focused on the regional differences in WTP among air travelers in China. Moreover, existing research on air travelers' WTP for carbon offsets rarely captures the impact of rational, emotional, and social interaction factors. Therefore, this study investigates the WTP of 3424 air travelers across 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China within the context of a carbon tax policy. Using the Heckman two-step model, the study analyzes the impact of rational, emotional, and social interactions on air travelers' WTP. The results indicate that, after removing biased samples, the average WTP among Chinese air travelers is 311.04 CNY ($44.14) per ton of CO₂. The highest WTP is observed in the East China region at 341.20 CNY ($48.42) per ton of CO₂, while the lowest is in the Northeast region at 263.19 CNY ($37.35) per ton of CO₂. Epistemic performance expectancy, social performance expectancy, function performance expectancy, and anticipated pride positively influence WTP. In contrast, effort expectancy negatively impacts WTP. Additionally, social interaction can moderate the effects of certain rational and emotional factors on WTP. It is noteworthy that although anticipated guilt does not directly influence WTP, its positive impact on WTP can be moderated through social interactions. The results of this study can assist governments in formulating effective carbon emission reduction policies for the aviation industry. Moreover, these findings can provide valuable insights for airlines to adjust pricing strategies under mandatory carbon reduction policies, thus holding practical significance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 111-123"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability assessment of products of the tropical tree moringa in Ghana with a focus on small-scale producers","authors":"Yoel Gebrai ,&nbsp;Gideon Danso-Abbeam ,&nbsp;Kebreab Ghebremichael ,&nbsp;James R. Mihelcic","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With their numerous products and uses, multifunctional crops offer an attractive means for improving smallholder farmer livelihoods. This study applies a Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) to <em>Moringa oleifera</em> (moringa), a multifunctional crop with diverse applications in nutrition, cosmetics, and water treatment. The LCSA includes an Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (ELCA), Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA), and Life Cycle Costing (LCC). Surveys were conducted with 58 smallholder farmers and five moringa processors in Ghana. The ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint method was used for the ELCA. The 10-year Net Present Value (NPV) and Payback Period (PBP) were calculated for farmers and processors in the LCC. The SLCA focused on the Worker stakeholder category, particularly smallholder farmer impacts, including indicators for Next Generation Farming, Inclusiveness, Access to Services, Food Security, and Livelihood. A composite sustainability score was calculated from the ELCA, SLCA, and LCC results using the Characteristic Objects Method (COMET), a multi-criteria decision analysis method resistant to rank-reversal. The study compared five supply chains: leaf-only, leaf-and-seed, leaf-and-seed with seedcake reuse, seed-only, and seed-only with seedcake reuse. Environmental hotspots were identified in leaf and seed collection. Economically, leaf-only cultivation provided the highest 10-year NPV for farmers, while seed-only with seedcake reuse yielded the highest NPV for processors. The leaf-only supply chain had the best PBP for both farmers and processors. Socially, leaf-only cultivators outperformed reference points across all indicators, making it the most socially sustainable supply chain. Our findings highlight that improving market access, organizing seed cultivators into farmer-based groups, and optimizing farm gate product collection can enhance the sustainability of moringa supply chains, offering a model for other multifunctional crops in rural development. This study is the first to integrate LCSA with COMET, a promising approach that could be adopted in other sustainability assessment case studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 253-267"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circularity assessment of product-service systems using system dynamics modeling","authors":"Max Werrel,&nbsp;Matthias Klar,&nbsp;Jan C. Aurich","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Product-Service Systems (PSS) show the potential to implement the principles of a circular economy based on their characteristics, such as the use of an extended value network or the access of the PSS provider after distribution. PSS research shows that PSS are not inherently circular but must be designed specifically towards circularity. This requires an assessment method that can quantify the dimensions of circularity.</div><div>In this paper, an assessment method based on system dynamics (SD) modeling is presented that allows the use of raw materials and the generation of waste to be evaluated in the context of PSS. The SD model is based on a conceptual integration of circular economy strategies into the lifecycle of PSS. The model formulation is described in detail and validated with several tests. The capabilities of the assessment approach are presented in an application scenario. The results show that SD modeling can be used for circularity assessment and can possibly serve as a starting point to enhance circularity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 124-135"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward a collaborative circular ecosystem within the built environment","authors":"Phuc Huynh Evertsen,&nbsp;Vegard Knotten","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The built environment has drastically transitioned toward the circular economy (CE) to reduce carbon footprint, waste emission, and resource consumption. The circular ecosystem with close collaboration between diverse actors is critical to the sector's CE transition success. However, a holistic perspective on the circular ecosystem of the built environment remains lacking. This paper provides new insights into the complex and intricate dynamics of actor collaborations in the circular building ecosystems on the niche and regime levels. Moreover, this study shows the orchestrating roles of the municipalities and developers as the ‘keystone’ actors in the circular ecosystem. It also stresses the increasingly significant roles of new actors as the driving forces for the socio-technical paradigm shift toward CE in construction. The actor collaboration in the circular building ecosystem has been shifted to more collaborative and multi-dimensional (i.e., top-down, bottom-up, and horizontal). We also map the actor networks using CE principles and explain the importance of addressing incentives for stronger actor collaborations. Finally, this paper provides policy and managerial implications to reinforce collaboration dynamics and CE practices in the built environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 95-110"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Company views of consumers regarding sustainable packaging","authors":"Carsten Herbes ,&nbsp;Ellen Mielinger ,&nbsp;Victoria Krauter ,&nbsp;Elena Arranz ,&nbsp;Rosa María Cámara Hurtado ,&nbsp;Begonya Marcos ,&nbsp;Fátima Poças ,&nbsp;Salvador Ruiz de Maya ,&nbsp;Ramona Weinrich","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the transition towards more sustainable food packaging, food companies play a key role: they decide what type of packaging to use in their production. Past research posits that corporate decision making on sustainable packaging is driven by perceived consumer demand, making it important to understand how companies see consumers, a topic largely neglected in the literature. Our study aims at uncovering how food packaging professionals see consumer demand for sustainable packaging. We performed qualitative interviews with packaging professionals from food companies in Germany, Austria, Spain, and Portugal; we then performed qualitative content analysis on the responses. The results show that half of our interviewees think that sustainability in packaging does not matter to consumers. Further, pertaining to the packaging life cycle, packaging professionals believe that consumers pay more attention to attributes related to raw materials, i.e. the beginning of the packaging life cycle, preferring paper and rejecting plastics. Interviewees demonstrate scant awareness of consumer research which shows that bio-based materials, biodegradability and recycled materials matter to consumers. Our interviewees frequently criticized consumers, presenting what we identify as <em>narratives of disempowerment</em> whereby responsibility for sustainable packaging is not theirs. First, they perceive consumers as an obstacle. Second, they describe their own position as not very powerful vis-à-vis packaging manufacturers and retailers. And third, they are often unsure about consumer attitudes, knowledge or behavior. This assignment of responsibility for packaging decisions to retailers and consumers emerges as a strong barrier to the expansion of sustainable packaging. Analyzing the perceptions that companies have of consumers may help in better aligning consumer attitudes and behaviors and company strategies for sustainable packaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 136-150"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating edible insect into circular agriculture for sustainable production","authors":"Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame ,&nbsp;Joel Cornelius Runyu ,&nbsp;Henri E.Z. Tonnang","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable agriculture faces the challenge of balancing environmental stewardship, food security, and the needs of a growing global population. This study examines how integrating edible insect farming into a circular agriculture can enhance traditional cropping and livestock practices, thus improving environmental sustainability, food security, and economic growth. Using system Causal Loop Diagram (CLD), the study constructed, with multi-stakeholder engagements support, a detailed system map of sustainable agriculture incorporating insect, crop, and livestock farming. The network analysis of the CLD used a directed adjacency matrix of 39 variables and 101 edges of the system to reveal key determinants that are central to the system's efficiency, robustness, and overall dynamics through various centrality measures. Through stocks and flows model simulations, four scenarios of the system, focusing on black soldier fly (BSF) and cricket farming with maize and poultry operations were evaluated. The BSF and crickets are evaluated for their dual role in waste reduction and nutrient cycling, which are pivotal in promoting agricultural sustainability and resilience. The system's feedback loops revealed intricate interactions between insect, crop, and livestock farming, with loops B1-B18 and R1-R17 showing sustainable cycles. Network analysis revealed rapid information spread with an average path length of 3.89, low edge density of 6.82 %, and highlighted insect rearing, employment, labour, and farmer population as pivotal determinants influencing the system's dynamics and efficiency. The stocks and flows model simulations showed significant synergies between insect farming and traditional agriculture. Key findings revealed that the integration of BSF and cricket farming into maize and poultry systems led to 30 % increase in maize production, 20 % increase in poultry weight with 6000 kg of dried BSF larvae and 4000 kg of crickets produced over 5 years. The annual profits increased to $1400 from BSF farming and over $1000 from cricket farming. The study highlights the critical role of systemic interactions and feedback loops in optimizing agricultural outputs and sustainability goals to significantly boost productivity and economic viability in sustainable agriculture. It catalyses a paradigm shift towards innovative, resilient, and circular agricultural practices globally. The study advocates for the adoption of edible insect farming as a cornerstone of sustainable agriculture within a circular agriculture, highlighting its potential to significantly improve food security, environmental sustainability, and economic viability. Recommendations include promoting insect farming, supporting smallholder farmers, investing in research and development, enhancing market access, and incorporating circular economy principles into agricultural policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 80-94"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with Finnish, German and UK consumers' intentions to test, buy and recommend reusable fast-moving consumer goods packaging","authors":"Angelos Balatsas-Lekkas,&nbsp;Harri Luomala,&nbsp;Kyösti Pennanen","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates factors connected with consumers' intentions to test, buy and recommend reusable packaging for Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCGs) by extending the Theory of Planned Behavior model with positive and negative emotions as facilitators of intentions and all behavioral determinants (i.e. attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control). In addition, the connection of five perceived value dimensions (functional, emotional, social, price, environmental sustainability) and attitudes is explored. A conceptual model and relevant hypotheses were tested with consumers from Finland, Germany, and the UK (total <em>N</em> = 2400) through Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Main results show that positive emotions have a key role in consumers' assessment of reusable FMCG packaging: They have a direct and strong influence on intentions and also influence perceived behavioral control and subjective norms. Additionally, none of the examined perceived values had a significant connection with consumers' attitudes. Consumers' adoption of reusable FMCG packaging solutions can be encouraged through positive emotional experiences related to packaging reuse. Behavioral change and marketing strategies can support consumers' experiences by considering affect (e.g., positive emotions), cognition (e.g., perceived behavioral control), and social expectations (e.g., subjective norms) as influential factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 210-227"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards digitalization of the circular economy in the furniture industry","authors":"Fabian Wulf ,&nbsp;Lisa Hagedorn ,&nbsp;Leo Munier ,&nbsp;Juliane Balder ,&nbsp;Caroline Mathi ,&nbsp;Rainer Stark ,&nbsp;Alexander Pfriem","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fashionable, cheap furniture of questionable quality is often used for short-term economic gain. If the furniture is not liked, it is quickly discarded. The need to reduce CO2 emissions, dwindling resources and social and political demands contradict this practice and require the implementation of closed-loops material cycles and the introduction of circular business models. A systematic literature review and a case study were conducted to provide a comprehensive overview of current circular economy strategies (e.g. reuse, refurbishment and recycling) implemented in the furniture industry in relation to various key activities of platform companies. As part of the case study, interviews were conducted with stakeholders and experts from the furniture and interior design industry. The European Circular Economy Stakeholder Platform was also consulted. The literature review and the case study show that the furniture industry is in a state of transition. By incorporating designs that allow for improved remanufacturing, refurbishment and reuse, companies in the industry are increasingly starting to consider circular economy patterns. Increasing digitization and servitization are driving new circular business models. Another key finding is that digital platforms are suitable for connecting stakeholders such as manufacturers, service providers and consumers, taking into account the relevant business models. The study also identified motivations, barriers and requirements for the implementation of circular and digital business models in the furniture and interior design industry. There is still a large gap between what can be achieved with a circular economy and its actual implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 45-62"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The carbon footprints of consumption of goods and services in Sweden at municipal and postcode level and policy interventions","authors":"Elena Dawkins ,&nbsp;Mahboubeh Rahmati-Abkenar ,&nbsp;Katarina Axelsson ,&nbsp;Rok Grah ,&nbsp;Derik Broekhoff","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon footprints show the greenhouse gas emissions associated with consumption of goods and services. Many countries now calculate carbon footprints at the national level, published as part of national environmental accounts. However, carbon footprint estimates at the local or regional levels are less common. Municipalities call for consistent and comparable carbon footprint data to support their low carbon transitions.</div><div>This study presents estimates of households' carbon footprints for all Swedish municipalities, down to the postcode level. It uses a downscaling approach to disaggregate the Swedish national carbon footprint from the national level to Swedish postcode level, using the best available local data on expenditure, greenhouse gas emissions or other data such as energy use, at the smallest geographical scale. The variation in carbon footprints at municipal and postcode levels is analysed and key contributing consumption categories identified. The study then discusses how these data can and have been used to support policymaking.</div><div>The results show considerable variations in average carbon footprints at the postcode level in Sweden, between about 3.7 and 17.8 t CO₂eq per capita. Footprints of items such as flights and personal vehicles have high variation, whereas the consumption categories of food, electricity, and clothing are more similar. A strong positive correlation exists between incomes and the total carbon footprint. Carbon footprints from personal vehicles have a negative correlation to population density, while the footprint of clothing, restaurants and flights have a positive correlation to population density.</div><div>In terms of policy, several municipalities in Sweden were found to have carbon footprint reduction goals and related policies. A number of municipalities also demonstrated the application of preliminary data from the study for raising public awareness, policymaking, and monitoring progress towards reduction targets. The recommendations for future development and use of these data for policy and decision-making include: (1) ensuring data access, learning and stakeholder engagement with the data; (2) using the data to develop policy visions and goals and associated reduction targets and; (3) designing policy interventions that will reduce carbon footprints, taking into account factors such as variation at the local scale and between consumption categories, geography, socio-economic circumstances, inequalities, and systemic change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"52 ","pages":"Pages 63-79"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}