Rhizosphere最新文献

{"title":"Differential recruitment of root bacterial community by inoculated inland spiny and spinless cactus in response to salinity stress","authors":"Ameni Ben Zineb ,&nbsp;Mariem Zakraoui ,&nbsp;Imane Bahlouli ,&nbsp;Fatma Karray ,&nbsp;Asma Ben Salem ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mliki ,&nbsp;Stephan Declerck ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Gargouri","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the field of innovative challenges, it is essential to incorporate microorganisms into agricultural practices that promote and improve plant growth and health, particularly under conditions of salinity stress. This work elucidated the response of two <em>Opuntia ficus-indica</em> cultivars (spiny, <em>Gialla</em> and spineless, <em>Rossa</em>) inoculated inland with a coastal cactus rhizospheric soil (<em>Opuntia littoralis</em>) under NaCl treatment. The two cultivars reacted differently to salinity stress. The cladodes and roots of the <em>Rossa</em> cultivar were sensitive to salinity and accumulated both Na⁺ and Cl⁻. In contrast, the <em>Gialla</em> cultivar showed Na ⁺ exclusion from the cladodes and root growth was unaffected by salinity. The diversity, richness, and correlation networks of root compartments bacterial communities were mainly determined while the cactus cultivar was subjected to salinity stress. Different subsets of key soil bacteria taxa were selected by the root systems of each cultivar after exposure to salinity. Our results highlight the importance of the rhizosphere of endemic coastal plants in improving plant resistance to salinity stress, particularly in the spiny cultivar compared to the spineless cultivar. The microbiome networks provide solid evidence that each cultivar adapts its bacterial community composition and interactions in response to salinity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100984"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management impacts rhizosphere composition and gene expression in vineyards","authors":"Maria Tartaglia,&nbsp;Monica Labella-Ortega,&nbsp;Maria Maisto,&nbsp;Antonello Prigioniero,&nbsp;Daniela Zuzolo,&nbsp;Carmine Guarino","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined rhizosphere soil samples from vineyards located in Sannio area, (Campania, Italy) with different management practices to assess the microbiota's functionality through a metatranscriptomic analysis. The analysis provided a comprehensive taxonomic characterization, gene expression insights, and predictive functional analyses. The experiment included 18 samples from three management-based groups (green manure, periodic hoeing, burying pruning) each with six biological replicates from two vineyards, yielding 316 Gb of data (17.5 Gb/sample). In the vineyards in which a green manure mix of Brassicaceae and Fabaceae was practised, the predominant bacterial phyla are Actinomycetota (with predominant families Conexibacteraceae and Nocardioidaceae), and Pseudomonadota (predominantly Nitrobacteraceae and Methylobacteriaceae). As regards the phylum Streptophyta, as expected, there is a greater abundance of transcripts from Vitaceae and Brassicaceae. About fungi, the most abundant phylum Ascomycota has predominantly Pyronemataceae and Pleosporaceae. Of particular interest related to this type of managment is the abundance of viral transcripts, with the most abundant phylum Pisuviricota and the families Secoviridae and Dicistroviridae. The most significantly up-regulated genes in these vineyards belonged to GO classes involved in viral infections and plant stress responses. In vineyards where regular tilling is carried out, a similar pattern but higher percentages of Actinobacteria and Lenarviricota were observed. In these samples, genes involved in phytohormone pathways (Jasmonic acid, Gibberellin, Salicylic acid) and root system development were up-expressed. Vineyards with a discordant taxonomic profile were those where pruning waste was routinely buried. This management practice was correlated with a marked increase in Nematoda transcripts. Gene expression and pathway enrichment analyses identified significant metabolic and signal transduction pathways associated with differentially expressed genes, highlighting how the rhizosphere is influenced by agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100981"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chrysin alleviates salt stress in tomato by physiological, biochemical, and genetic mechanisms","authors":"Melek Ekinci ,&nbsp;Metin Turan ,&nbsp;Murat Aydin ,&nbsp;Merve Yuce ,&nbsp;Güleray Agar ,&nbsp;Selda Ors ,&nbsp;Emre İlhan ,&nbsp;Abdulkadir Ciltas ,&nbsp;Sezai Ercisli ,&nbsp;Ertan Yildirim","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinity greatly reduces agricultural productivity, especially in dry and semi-arid regions, by interfering with physiological and biochemical processes. This research aimed to determine whether Chrysin (Chr) can mitigate the negative effects of salinity on growth parameters, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression in tomato (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L.) plants. Experiments were conducted in a semi-controlled greenhouse, with plants subjected to varying concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 100 mM) and Chr (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mM). Results revealed that salinity stress significantly reduced plant height, leaf area, and chlorophyll content while increasing hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline levels, indicating oxidative stress. Chr application alleviated these detrimental effects by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), thereby reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Additionally, Chr treatments improved plant water status and mineral content under salt stress. Gene expression analysis showed that Chr positively regulated the transcription of salt tolerance-related genes, including HKT1-1, HKT1-2, and PIP1-2, which are associated with sodium ion transport and water balance. These findings suggest that Chr can be an effective biostimulant for enhancing salt tolerance in tomato plants by modulating physiological, biochemical, and genetic mechanisms. This study provides insights into Chr's potential as a sustainable solution for improving crop resilience to salinity in agricultural practices. Further research is recommended to optimize Chr concentrations for maximum efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100979"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of endophytic fungi treatments on aluminum contents in Vernicia montana seedlings and soils under different concentrations of aluminum stress","authors":"Qiaoyun Wu ,&nbsp;Yaorui Zhang ,&nbsp;Han Lin ,&nbsp;Can Chen ,&nbsp;Anqiang Xie ,&nbsp;Hailan Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although leveraging the interaction with endophytic fungi is an efficient and environment-friendly strategy for plants to enhance growth and resistance, how different endophyte species influence host plants’ resilience in adverse conditions remain comparatively unclear. In order to explore the effect of endophytic fungi on the aluminum resistance of woody host plants, <em>Vernicia montana</em> seedlings were subjected to different aluminum concentrations (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4) in this study. The aluminum contents in roots, leaves and rhizospheric soil of <em>V. montana</em> seedlings were determined after applying endophyte suspensions of <em>Pestalotiopsis</em> (NP), <em>Alternaria</em> (LA), <em>Penicillium</em> (QP), <em>Coniothyrium</em> (DC) and <em>Thermophilic</em> (ST) spp. The results showed that aluminum stress treatment, endophytic fungi treatment and their interaction had significant effects on aluminum content in leaves, aluminum content in roots, aluminum content in rhizospheric soil, and the transport and retention rate of aluminum ions in soil-root-leaf. With the increase of aluminum concentrations, the aluminum content in leaves of <em>V. montana</em> increased in the endophyte treatments of LA and ST, decreased in CK, NP and DC, or had marginal variation in QP treatment. Compared with T0, four endophyte treatments of LA, QP, DC and ST significantly reduced root aluminum content under T4 concentration (P &lt; 0.05), contrary to the results of NP treatment. Endophyte treatments significantly increased root aluminum content of V. montana under T1 concentration (P &lt; 0.05). The foliar Al content in fungi-inoculated seedlings was significantly lower than that of the non-inoculated ones under T0 and T3 levels (P &lt; 0.05), the LRR is less than 1, while the opposite trend was observed under T2 and T4 treatments. The aluminum transport coefficient TFsoil-root and TFroot-leaf increased in different proportions under the same aluminum concentration. The findings indicate that the application of endophytic fungi change the aluminum contents and transport from rhizospheric soil, roots to leaves. The specific effects of endophytic fungi vary with the degree of aluminum stress and the fungi genus. The study proves that inoculation of endophytic fungi can improve the aluminum tolerance of host plants, and thereby play an important role in promoting the sustainable development of forestry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100982"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decline of beech trees in a Mediterranean forest is associated with high rhizosphere oomycete diversity","authors":"C. Martínez-Arias ,&nbsp;M. Pastor-García ,&nbsp;J. Piñeiro ,&nbsp;D. Macaya-Sanz ,&nbsp;B. Scanu ,&nbsp;A. Brandano ,&nbsp;A. Solla ,&nbsp;R. López ,&nbsp;J.A. Martín","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the last decades, tree decline in European beech forests has been related to extreme climatic events and with the activity of parasitic oomycetes such as <em>Phytophthora</em> species. In Spain, little is known about the association of beech decline and soil oomycete composition. We hypothesized that the weakening of beech trees is associated with the activity and proliferation of parasitic oomycetes. We studied the rhizosphere oomycete community of large beech trees located in one of the southernmost beech forests in Europe. From soil samples collected in the rhizosphere, we used a metabarcoding approach to explore the oomycete community associated to asymptomatic and declining trees. We also studied fine root parameters in both groups of trees. A total of 99 oomycete amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were detected. Higher diversity and richness of oomycetes were observed in declining than in asymptomatic trees. The oomycete composition also differed between the two groups of trees. Declining trees showed lower fine root biomass and root density than asymptomatic trees, and root density was negatively correlated with the abundance of <em>Pythium</em> ASV counts. The genus <em>Phytophthora</em>, associated with beech decline in central Europe, was underrepresented in the oomycete community. The results suggest that decline-associated processes in beech trees are related with fine root weakening and loss which probably facilitates the entrance and colonization of opportunistic oomycete microbes. Although members in the genus <em>Pythium</em> do not seem to be a primary factor on beech decline, they probably contribute to the chronic decline of <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> trees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100974"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical properties of acid sulphate soil profoundly influence the composition of rhizobacterial community of rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Edna Mary Varghese ,&nbsp;Binoy Ambika Manirajan ,&nbsp;K.N. Anith ,&nbsp;M.S. Jisha","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100971","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The soils of &lt;em&gt;kari&lt;/em&gt; lands of Kuttanad, the ‘Rice bowl’ of Kerala, India are characterized as acid sulphate as they comprise of pyrite deposits. Productivity in these soils is at stake due to several constraints like high acidity and salinity, metal toxicity, nutrient unavailability, redox fluctuations, besides seasonal flooding. Sustainable management of acid sulphate soil is a critical priority to improve the rice output from these areas. Such soils would harbor unique innate microbial communities with definite abilities which could be exploited further for their sustainable amelioration. Development of inoculant technology with soil and crop specific beneficial microbial agents is expected to boost the production potential of &lt;em&gt;kari&lt;/em&gt; soils. However, the soil parameters would impose a great influence on the rhizobacterial community development in these geologically distinct soils. We studied the rhizobacterial communities (at the family level), associated with rice grown in five acid sulphate (&lt;em&gt;Purakkad&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Vaikom&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Ambalappuzha&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Thakazhi&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Kallara&lt;/em&gt;) as well as one non-acid sulphate (&lt;em&gt;Muhamma&lt;/em&gt;) soil series of geographically unique Kuttanad region. We also examined the effects of soil physicochemical attributes on shaping the rhizosphere bacterial community assemblage. The soil physicochemical attributes were analyzed using standard procedures and correlations existing amongst them were also determined. A metagenomic approach was adopted to study the rhizobacterial communities (family level) and were correlated with soil parameters using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Compared to other acid sulphate regions, &lt;em&gt;Thakazhi&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Kallara&lt;/em&gt; soils indicated higher electrical conductivity, available nitrogen, potassium, organic carbon, aluminium as well as iron and lowest pH and available phosphorus. Intense significant relationships were exhibited amongst the acid sulphate properties and soil nutrient contents. The taxa summary after the Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed the abundant rhizobacterial families in the soil samples as Anaerolineaceae, Ktedonobacteriaceae, Acidothermaceae, Acidimicrobiaceae, Clostridiaceae, Nocardioidaceae, Xanthobacteraceae, Methanobacteriaceae, Sphingomonadaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae. Acidothermaceae (14%) and Acidimicrobiaceae (12%) were found abundant exclusively in highly acid sulphate soil samples. Moreover, only a few shared taxa were observed between the soil samples, which denoted the uniqueness of each sample in terms of rhizobacterial communities. The shared taxa between highly acidic sampling areas include members of Acidothermaceae, Ktedonobacteraceae, Acidimicrobiaceae, Micrococcaceae, Stellaceae and Anaerolineaceae. CCA showed that pH, EC and Al content were the soil properties governing the bacterial assembly in the rhizosphere of actively tillering rice grown in acid sulphate soil followed by P and K. The data ge","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100971"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Native entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) provide effective biocontrol against Oriental leafworm moth, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in cabbage","authors":"Aarthi Nekkanti ,&nbsp;Jagadeesh Patil ,&nbsp;Sonia Soni ,&nbsp;Gotyal B S ,&nbsp;Manjunatha T. Gowda ,&nbsp;Jayalaxmi Ganguli ,&nbsp;S.N. Sushil","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Oriental leafworm, <em>Spodoptera litura</em>, is a polyphagous pest that attacks several crops. In this study, we studied the susceptibility of the larval and pupal stages of <em>S. litura</em> to native entomopathogenic nematodes <em>Heterorhabditis indica</em> NBAIRH80, and <em>S. surkhetense</em> NBAIRS81. Bioassay results revealed that upon inoculating 400 infective juveniles (IJ) larva⁻¹ to fourth-instar <em>S. litura</em> larvae with <em>H. indica</em> and <em>S. surkhetense</em>, <em>H. indica</em> caused 100% mortality whereas <em>S. surkhetense</em> caused 54% mortality. When <em>S. litura</em> pupae were inoculated with 50 IJ of <em>H. indica</em>, the pupal mortality was only 10% when the IJ concentration was increased to 600 IJ pupa⁻¹, the pupal mortality also increased to 80%. The percentage mortality in larvae and pupae of <em>S. litura</em> increased significantly with increase in the exposure time. Both nematode species were able to penetrate into the <em>S. litura</em> larvae and also completed their life cycle by producing large numbers of IJ. Pot and field experiments showed that cabbage plants sprayed with <em>H. indica</em> and flubendiamide significantly reduced the number of larvae, leaf injury (<em>H. indica</em>: 0.7: 0–4 scale flubendiamide: 0.4: 0–4 scale), head injury (<em>H. indica</em>: 0.5: 0–4 scale flubendiamide: 0.6: 0–4 scale) and increasing yield (<em>H. indica</em>: 23.57 tonnes ha⁻¹ flubendiamide: 25.53 tonnes ha⁻¹). These results showed that, H. indica performed equally well that of flubendiamide. Overall results showed that <em>H. indica</em> NBAIRH80 can be incorporated in integrated pest management programme for <em>S. litura.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100978"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symbiotic N2 fixation in cowpea varieties is markedly enhanced by inoculation with elite Bradyrhizobium strains","authors":"Tewodros Ayalew ,&nbsp;Tarekegn Yoseph ,&nbsp;Georg Cadisch","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Because of its excellent ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, cowpea [<em>Vigna unguiculata</em> (L.) Walp] makes a significant contribution to soil sustainability and productivity in the resource limited tropical regions. However, due to in part to ineffectiveness and limited availability of bio-inoculant, its symbiotic N contribution and yield remained low in the field. Therefore, this study examined the effect of elite cowpea infecting <em>Bradyrhizobium</em> strains (CP-24 and CP-37) on shoot biomass and symbiotic nitrogen contributions of four cowpea varieties (Keti, TVU, Black eye bean, and White wonderer trailing). For this a two-year field experiment was carried out at three sites using a factorial randomized complete block design with four replications. The natural abundance of the ¹⁵N technique was used to compute the symbiotic N contribution. <em>Bradyrhizobium</em> inoculation led to significantly higher nodule formation, % Ndfa, amounts of N fixed, and shoot biomass, demonstrating the effectiveness and ability of the strains to enhance soil fertility. Inoculating cowpea with CP-24 strain increased shoot N content, % Ndfa and N fixed by 40%, 15%, and 41%, respectively, in comparison to the un-inoculated control. Furthermore, the inoculant by variety interaction had a significant effect on nodule number, nodule dry weight, and amount of N fixed, with TVU and White Wonderer trailing in combination with CP-24 exhibiting the most outstanding performance. There was also a strong positive correlation between biomass accumulation and N fixed, as well as N fixed and seed yield. Therefore, <em>Bradyrhizobium</em> inoculation on cowpea varieties TVU and White Wonderer trailing with CP-24 strain is recommended at all three tested sites and similar agro-ecologies for improved symbiotic N contribution and associated yield advantage of cowpea. This study highlights that, the use of elite and crop specific <em>Bradyrhizobium</em> strains can boost symbiotic nitrogen contribution, soil fertility, and the yield performance of legumes. Thus, it helps resource-poor farmers who are suffering from rising mineral fertilizer cost to achieve food security while reducing climate change risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100976"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional numerical modeling of soil-roots system based on X-ray computed tomography: Hydraulic effects study","authors":"Ji-Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Jun-Feng Sha ,&nbsp;Shangqi Ge ,&nbsp;Xu-Guang Gao ,&nbsp;Abdelali Dadda","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vegetation roots enhance soil stability by influencing saturation and pore structure, playing a pivotal role in stabilizing slopes, reducing erosion, and enhancing soil structure. However, current research on the hydraulic effects of roots on soil remains relatively limited. The micro-mechanisms of vegetation's impact on soil and the macro-level connections are not yet fully understood, which poses a challenge to the modeling of root-soil system. This study develops a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of root-soil composites based on root computed tomography (CT) images and experimental results. Four different groups are modeled, including the rootless group, and those with <em>Festuca arundinacea</em> (FA) roots at various growth stages. The simulation results show that the saturation in the shallow layers significantly decreases in root-soil composite groups, and the rhizosphere water content is lower than that away from the roots, resulting in a net water flux toward the roots. The influence range of roots on suction is gradually amplified with increasing root growth process and root water uptake time. Higher levels of root development result in a stronger overall water uptake effect, leading to a more pronounced decrease in saturation. Closer proximity to the surface roots results in a more rapid increase in soil suction. Compared with one-dimensional root water uptake models, this model considers the effects of spatial heterogeneity of root structures on soil, which provides a comprehensive modeling basis for studying the effect of root system on soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100975"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced soil stabilisation and growth of Lolium perenne through combined seeding with Cynodon dactylon","authors":"Hao Gu ,&nbsp;Yuan Wang ,&nbsp;Sheng Liu ,&nbsp;Haikuan Chen ,&nbsp;Lu Jia ,&nbsp;Zhongyuan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herbaceous plants play a crucial role in soil stabilisation, and combined seeding is often employed in ecosystem management to promote biodiversity. This study investigated the influence of combined seeding of Ryegrass (<em>Lolium perenne</em>) and Bermuda (<em>Cynodon dactylon</em>) on plant growth and soil stabilisation through in-situ sampling and indoor experimental measurements. Four experimental plots were established: a. bare soil, b. <em>L. perenne</em> single species, c. <em>C. dactylon</em> single species, d. combined <em>L. perenne</em> and <em>C. dactylon</em>. The results indicate that combined seeding inhibited the development of <em>L</em>. <em>perenne</em> and <em>C</em>. <em>dactylon</em> root depth by 14.50% and 29.20%, respectively. However, shoot height, total leaf area, total root length and total root surface area increased in <em>L</em>. <em>perenne</em> under combined seeding, while these parameters decreased for <em>C</em>. <em>dactylon</em>. Combined seeding significantly enhanced the resistance to breakage in tension and tensile strength of <em>L</em>. <em>perenne</em>, with no significant impact on <em>C</em>. <em>dactylon</em>. Plant roots notably increased soil cohesion, with a respective increase of 37.08%, 26.98%, and 50.81% in cohesion for <em>L. perenne</em> single species plot, <em>C. dactylon</em> single species plot, and combined <em>L. perenne</em> and <em>C. dactylon</em> plot compared to bare soil. The root content in combined seeding significantly increased, with an increase of 27.17% and 65.20% compared to single seeding of <em>L</em>. <em>perenne</em> and <em>C</em>. <em>dactylon</em>, respectively. Additionally, under the influence of roots, the soil moisture content in the combined seeding plot was lower than in the single species and bare soil plots. These findings highlight that combined seeding enhanced plant competition, improved soil shear strength, and provided significant ecological benefits, offering insights for vegetation-based slope design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100977"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}