Rhizosphere最新文献

{"title":"Impact of integrated nutrient management on soil microbiome diversity and health in rice based cropping system: Insights from long-term agricultural practices","authors":"Subhojit Datta ,&nbsp;Sonali Paul Mazumdar ,&nbsp;Bijan Majumdar ,&nbsp;N.M. Alam ,&nbsp;Lipi Chattopadhyay ,&nbsp;Sourav Ghosh ,&nbsp;Dipnarayan Saha ,&nbsp;Amit Ranjan Saha ,&nbsp;Gouranga Kar","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rhizosphere soil microbiomes, which are essential for plant development, stress adaptability, and general soil health, are greatly impacted by agricultural management practices, particularly those involving nutrient applications. This study evaluated the long-term effects of nutrient management practices on soil physicochemical properties, microbial communities, enzyme activities, and biological soil health in a rice-lentil-jute cropping system. The treatments included a control, inorganic fertilizers (recommended dose of fertilizers), and Soil Test Crop Response based integrated nutrient management (combination of inorganic fertilizer based on soil test-based fertilizer prescription equations, farmyard manure (FYM), and bioinoculants). When compared to both control and inorganic treatments, integrated nutrient management (INM) enhanced soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Microbial populations, comprising of bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, <em>Azotobacter</em>, and phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms, along with soil enzymatic activities, showed marked increases under INM. Metagenomic analysis of the hypervariable V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA indicated that the bacterial community in the rice-lentil-jute cropping sequence was dominated by <em>Proteobacteria</em>, with 58 phyla having over 1% abundance. The INM treatment increased the Shannon diversity index by 12.6% compared to the control, reflecting improved microbial diversity, richness, and resilience, which are critical for enhancing crop productivity and stress tolerance. The Biological Soil Health Index (BSHI) was highest in the INM treatment, with average contributions from <em>Azotobacter</em> (22.7%), <em>Bacteroidota</em> (12.1%), <em>Actinobacteriota</em> (21.9%)<em>,</em> very labile organic carbon (23.1%)<em>,</em> and labile organic carbon (20.2%) to BSHI. In summary, ten years of INM enhanced soil health and bacterial community structure and composition, leading to sustainable crop yields in rice-based cropping system. These findings highlight the necessity of integrating balanced nutrient management in long-term agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101048"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the scale of spatial aggregation in minirhizotron studies of crop root system distribution","authors":"Simon Riley,&nbsp;Edzard van Santen","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research into root system distribution often employs analyses in which depth is treated as a categorical variable. It is not presently known to what extent the choice of strata size affects type I and type II error rates in such analyses, or how to maximize statistical power while controlling for false positives. This research addresses those questions using a simulation study: mixed models were fit to each of one thousand simulated data sets, for 400 treatment combinations associated with differing levels of spatial and temporal autocorrelation, different effect sizes, and different degrees of spatial aggregation. The results show that statistical power declined with increasing degrees of aggregation, especially for small effect sizes and in the presence of spatial autocorrelation. Specifically, in the absence of spatial autocorrelation and with a true effect size of 6, aggregating 80 data points into 4, 20 cm depth class reduced statistical power from a very high initial rate of 0.946 (95% Confidence Interval: 0.935–0.955) to the still acceptable rate of 0.855 (0.839–0.870), but for an effect size of just one, initial power was already lower, at 0.656 (0.635–0.677) when no aggregation was performed and fell to just 0.373 (0.352–0.395) upon aggregating to 20 cm depth classes. This pattern is even more pronounced in the presence of spatial autocorrelation. Overall, the study recommends that researchers choosing to employ such an analysis for their minirhizotron data use the smallest computationally feasible depth classes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen deficiency drives fungal compositional shifts without functional changes in wheat rhizosphere","authors":"Lok Hang Chan ,&nbsp;Shu Kee Lam ,&nbsp;Deli Chen ,&nbsp;Caixian Tang ,&nbsp;Qinglin Chen ,&nbsp;Ute Roessner ,&nbsp;Hang-Wei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen (N) deficiency reduces crop yield, but this effect may be mitigated by symbiotic interactions between crops and fungi. However, the response of wheat-fungal interactions to N deficiency remains unclear. We hypothesised that wheat cultivars with a higher reported nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), would induce shifts in the fungal community composition and functional profiles within the wheat rhizosphere to tolerate N deficiency. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to examine the effects of N deficiency on the rhizosphere fungal communities of wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) cultivars Gladius (low N-use efficiency) and Mace (high N-use efficiency). Plants were grown until the mid-anthesis stage in a Dermosol soil treated with either 0 (Low-N) or 90 kg N ha⁻¹ (High-N). The rhizosphere fungal communities were characterised using quantitative PCR, ITS rRNA metabarcoding, and metagenomics. The abundance and diversity of the rhizosphere fungal community were not significantly influenced by N deficiency in either Mace or Gladius cultivars (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). However, the fungal community composition showed significant variation across N treatments in Mace (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), whereas no such effect was observed in Gladius (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Differential abundance analysis and fungal trait predictions indicated a reduction in fungal symbionts in both cultivars under N deficiency (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that fungal functional profiles remained unaffected by N deficiency (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) but significantly differed between Mace and Gladius (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). This study reveals intraspecific variation in rhizosphere fungal responses to N deficiency between Mace and Gladius. The metabarcoding and metagenomic data suggest functional redundancy within the fungal community, which may enhance wheat resilience under N-deficient conditions. These findings highlight the potential of using fungal community stability in developing biofertiliser products for sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101030"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disruption of the endogenous indole glucosinolate pathway impacts the Arabidopsis thaliana root exudation profile and rhizobacterial community","authors":"Daniel Acuña ,&nbsp;Molly C. Bletz ,&nbsp;Joelle Sasse ,&nbsp;Shirley A. Micallef ,&nbsp;Suzanne Kosina ,&nbsp;Benjamin P. Bowen ,&nbsp;Trent R. Northen ,&nbsp;Adán Colón-Carmona","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Root exudates are composed of primary and secondary metabolites known to modulate the rhizosphere microbiota. Glucosinolates are defense compounds present in the Brassicaceae family capable of deterring pathogens, herbivores and biotic stressors in the phyllosphere. In addition, traces of glucosinolates and their hydrolyzed byproducts have been found in the soil, suggesting that these secondary metabolites could play a role in the modulation and establishment of the rhizosphere microbial community associated with this family. We used <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> mutant lines, including the <em>cyp79B2cyp79B3</em> double mutant line with a disruption in the indole glucosinolate pathway and <em>atr1D</em>, which overexpresses ATR1 and increases glucosinolate production. These lines were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to evaluate how genetic modifications to the indole glucosinolate pathway affects the root exudate profile of <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>, and, in turn, impacts the rhizosphere microbial community. Metabolic analysis of root exudates from the wild-type Columbia (Col-0), along with the mutant lines, confirmed that alterations to the indole glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway result in shifts in the root exudate profile of the plant. We observed changes in the relative abundance of exuded metabolites. Moreover, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing results provided evidence that the rhizobacterial communities associated with the plant lines used were directly impacted in diversity and community composition. This work provides further information on the involvement of secondary metabolites and their role in modulating the rhizobacterial community. Root metabolites dictate the presence of different bacterial species, including plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Our results suggest that genetic alterations in the indole glucosinolate pathway cause disruptions beyond the endogenous levels of the plant, significantly changing the abundance and presence of different metabolites in the root exudates of the plants as well as the microbial rhizosphere community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101046"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manipulation of root-associated bacterial endophytes for sustainable crop production system: A review","authors":"Maqsood Ahmed Khaskheli ,&nbsp;Mir Muhammad Nizamani ,&nbsp;Entaj Tarafder ,&nbsp;Diptosh Das ,&nbsp;Ghulam Muhae-Ud-Din ,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed Khaskheli ,&nbsp;Yong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manipulating endophytic communities offers a promising strategy for enhancing plant growth, stress tolerance, and disease resistance, significantly contributing to sustainable agriculture. Endophytes improve nutrient acquisition, produce growth-promoting hormones, and enhance plant defenses against various stresses and pathogens. Techniques such as specific endophyte inoculation, bio stimulant application, and genetic engineering with CRISPR/Cas9 can optimize these benefits. However, challenges exist, including maintaining specific endophytic communities, understanding their long-term impacts, and ensuring regulatory and safety compliance. High-throughput technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, are crucial for advancing our understanding of endophyte-plant interactions. Integrated approaches that combine these advanced technologies with sustainable agricultural practices, like crop rotation and intercropping, can optimize the benefits of endophytes while mitigating potential risks. Long-term studies and robust regulatory frameworks are necessary to ensure environmental and consumer safety. By addressing these challenges and leveraging advanced scientific tools, the full potential of endophytes in creating resilient and productive agricultural systems can be realized, fostering a more sustainable and efficient approach to farming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101044"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing the role of rhizo-bacteria to mitigate salinity stress in rice (Orzya sativa); focus on antioxidant defense system, photosynthesis response, and rhizosphere microbial diversity","authors":"Zejian Chen ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Li ,&nbsp;Shuxin Li ,&nbsp;Hua Zhang ,&nbsp;Fasih Ullah Haider ,&nbsp;Xiangnan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt stress threatens global food security, and although plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can boost plant resistance and productivity, their field effects are poorly understood. Therefore, this experimental trial explored the mechanisms of PGPR-induced salt stress resistance on ion homeostasis, the photosynthetic system, enzymatic activities, and rhizosphere diversity in rice. The study was conducted in the first week of May 2022, using rice (Tongxi 945) seeds, which were pelleted at the seedling nursery and cultivated in the field under salinity conditions (0.5 and 2.35 g kg⁻¹) with (+) or without (−) PGPR treatment. Na⁺/K⁺ concentrations, photosynthetic, leaf water potential, enzymatic activities, and changes in rhizosphere microorganisms were measured at the heading stage of rice. The findings of this study revealed that salinity stress significantly increased Na⁺ concentrations in leaves (257.70%), the leaf Na⁺/K⁺ ratio (567.96%), and leaf water potential (63.47%) while markedly reducing the net photosynthetic rate (71.72%), stomatal conductance (81.36%), thousand-grain weight (2.22%), and yield (114.15%). However, the application of PGPR mitigated the adverse effects of salinity stress by reducing Na⁺ concentrations in roots (45.22%) and leaves (26.20%), the root Na⁺/K⁺ ratio (64.68%), and leaf water potential (31.39%). PGPR also significantly improved the net photosynthetic rate (29.75%), stomatal conductance (46.89%), transpiration rate (25.56%), and chlorophyll content (11.95%). Applying PGPR significantly enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity, regulated carbon metabolism, increased microbial diversity in rhizosphere soil, and boosted the abundance of dominant fungal genera, alleviating salt stress damage to rice. Overall, PGPR improves microbial diversity, photosynthesis, and enzyme activities, mitigating salt stress effects. Further research is necessary to implement these findings in agriculture and evaluate their long-term impacts on crop productivity and soil health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101043"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential rhizosphere soil nutrient use strategy of invasive and native shrub species in oak, pine, and oak-pine mixed forest ecosystems of the Himalaya","authors":"Priya Hansda,&nbsp;Shailendra Kumar,&nbsp;Satish Chandra Garkoti","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vegetation types contribute differently to the soil nutrient status; however, this study aims to investigate the rhizosphere soil nutrient use strategy of invasive (<em>Ageratina adenophora</em>) and native (<em>Berberis asiatica</em> and <em>Rubus ellipticus</em>) shrub species under varied soil nutrient regimes. The rhizosphere soil samples of <em>A. adenophora</em>, <em>B. asiatica</em>, and <em>R. ellipticus</em> were collected from the upper (0–10 cm) and lower (10–20 cm) soil depths in oak, pine, and oak-pine mixed forest stands. Bulk soil was collected as control in the selected forest stands. Linear Mixed Model (LMM) and analysis of variance demonstrated that most soil properties were significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) higher in the rhizosphere soil of <em>A. adenophora</em> than in that of <em>B. asiatica</em> and <em>R. ellipticus</em>. Specifically, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), and dehydrogenase enzyme activity (DHA) were higher in the rhizosphere of invasive <em>A. adenophora</em> than in that of native <em>B. asiatica</em> and <em>R. ellipticus</em> in oak forest. In contrast, the rhizosphere soil of native shrubs retained higher TN, Available phosphorus, and DHA than the invasive <em>A. adenophora</em> in the pine forest stand. Redundancy analysis (RDA) demonstrated that the shrub species and forest stands accounted for 22.6% and 10% variance in the rhizosphere soil properties, respectively. Among the forest stands, the rhizosphere soil traits of <em>A. adenophora</em> were higher than the rhizosphere of native species in oak forests suggesting that nutrient-rich soil ecosystems and favourable microclimatic conditions are suited for the growth and survival of invasive species. Conversely, pine forests, which are adapted to resource co-limitation and higher temperatures may suppress the proliferation of <em>A. adenophora,</em> obligating <em>A. adenophora</em> to alter its nutrient use strategies from nutrient acquisition in oak to nutrient conservation in pine forests. Thus, our findings suggest that mixed forests (oak and pine) should be conserved to enhance the species richness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101021"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus-derived cyclic lipopeptides modulate microbiome structure and enzymatic activity of soil and increase productivity of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)","authors":"Alexey S. Vasilchenko ,&nbsp;Diana S. Dilbaryan ,&nbsp;Darya V. Poshvina ,&nbsp;Eugene O. Burlakov ,&nbsp;Olga V. Domanskaya ,&nbsp;Aleksandr V. Iashnikov ,&nbsp;Irina V. Palamarchuk ,&nbsp;Anastasia V. Teslya","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) are well-known secondary metabolites produced by <em>Bacillus</em> bacteria. Current research into the role of lipopeptides in soil microbial ecology suggests that their importance goes beyond the suppression of phytopathogens. Here we studied CLPs (bacillomycins and fengycins) as potential modulators of the structural (taxonomic) and functional (enzymatic activity) properties of the microbiome in agroecosystems with the aim of improving soil health and, consequently, plant productivity. The metabolic activity of the soil microbial communities has been found to be stimulated by the application of CLPs to soil. Microbial enzymes involved in the cycling of carbon (3 enzymes), nitrogen (2 enzymes) and phosphorus (1 enzyme) were activated in an experimental condition. Exposure to CLPs did not alter the alpha diversity of bacteria, but increased the alpha diversity of fungi. Amplicon sequencing showed that the action of CLPs alters the taxonomicstructure of bacterial and fungal communities. The constructed network of relationships between enzyme activity and changes in the microbial community allows us to identify potential taxa of bacteria and fungi that determine the activity of specific enzymes. The proposed mechanism behind changes in soil functional activity involves a change in the abundance of specific groups of bacteria and fungi, which gaine a competitive advantage after the introduction of CLPs into the soil. Finally, we tested the CLPs-based preparation on potato tubers and found that it improved the physiological parameters of the plants. Thus, the use of purified <em>Bacillus-</em>derived CLPs allowed better characterization of the biological effects exerted by soil bacilli on the soil microbiome. <em>Bacillus</em> CLPs are found to be non-toxic and to stimulate soil microbiota.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101033"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient and stoichiometric characteristics of various organs in three typical desert plants from extreme desert ecosystems","authors":"Yi Du ,&nbsp;Yulin Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhihao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanju Gao ,&nbsp;Zhaobin Mu ,&nbsp;Waqar Islam ,&nbsp;Fanjiang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predicting how fragile and sensitive desert ecosystems will react to environmental changes depends on understanding how soil factors influence plant nutrient concentration and stoichiometry. We studied nutrients and stoichiometric characteristics of various organs of three desert plants (<em>Alhagi sparsifolia</em>, <em>Tamarix ramosissima</em>, and <em>Calligonum caput-medusae</em>) in Turpan (TLF), Tarim (CL), and Dzungaria (MSW) basins of Xinjiang, China. The results showed that in three regions (CL, MSW, and TLF), the nutrient levels of total nitrogen (TN) and total potassium (TK) in the leaves, roots, and branches of <em>A. sparsifolia</em> were significantly higher than those of <em>C. caput-medusae</em>. The total phosphorus (TP) contents in the leaves, roots, and branches of <em>A. sparsifolia</em> were significantly higher than those of <em>T. ramosissima</em> and <em>C. caput-medusae</em>. However, the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio in the leaf of <em>C. caput-medusae</em> was significantly lower compared with <em>A. sparsifolia</em> and <em>T. ramosissima</em>. <em>A. sparsifolia</em> had higher root organic carbon content compared with its branches and leaves, while its leaves had higher nutrient levels of TN and TK compared with its roots and branches. The leaf organic carbon contents of <em>T. ramosissima</em> and <em>C. caput-medusae</em> were lower compared with roots and branches, but higher leaf nutrients (TN, TP, and TK contents) than in roots and branches. The soil nutrients of three desert plants experienced significant nitrogen and phosphorus element limitations. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) was identified as a common environmental factor influencing the nutrient changes in the leaves, branches, and roots of desert plants. The structural equation model that soil pH was positively correlated with branch and root stoichiometry, however, soil EC was negatively correlated with root stoichiometry. This research offers a scientific foundation and essential information for the conservation and rehabilitation of desert ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101025"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of rhizosphere soil microenvironment interaction on ginsenoside content in Panax ginseng: A case study of three-year-old agricultural ginseng","authors":"Zhefeng Xu ,&nbsp;Yuqiu Chen ,&nbsp;Rui Liu ,&nbsp;Yibing Wang ,&nbsp;Chunshuo Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Fang ,&nbsp;Qinghe Zhang ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang ,&nbsp;Changbao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Planting ginseng (<em>Panax ginseng</em> C. A. Meyer) in farmland is the main method of ginseng cultivation, but the interaction between the rhizosphere soil microenvironment and the mechanism of ginsenoside accumulation in ginseng roots are still unclear. Therefore, the content of ginsenoside and rhizosphere soil microenvironment of 3-year-old agricultural ginseng at two growth periods (May and October) were studied. The results showed that the content of bulk density, pH, alkaline nitrogen and organic matter in rhizosphere soil microenvironment significantly decreased. There were significant changes in the activities of carbon cycle related enzymes (amylase, invertase, cellulase etc.), nitrogen cycle related enzymes (urease, uricase, nitrate reductase, etc.), phosphorus cycle related enzymes (acid phosphatase, phytase), and sulfur cycle related enzymes (arylsulfatase) in rhizosphere. The decrease in keystone microbial diversity in a co-occurrence network was a manifestation of soil degradation at the biological level. Ginsenosides showed significant accumulation, with a 42.4% increase in the total content of ginsenosides. Environmental factors (pH, cellulase, and cation exchange capacity) significantly affected the accumulation of ginsenosides. The results of the co-occurrence network indicated that fungal communities were more susceptible to environmental factors than bacterial communities. Meanwhile, the structure and diversity of the fungal communities had a more significant impact on the accumulation of ginsenosides compared to the bacterial community. Comprehensive analysis showed that the interaction between environmental factors (pH, cellulase, cation exchange capacity) and soil microbiome (<em>Coprinellus</em>, <em>Agaricales_unclassified</em>, <em>Mortierella</em>) may be the key factor affecting ginsenoside accumulation in 3-year-old agricultural ginseng. The research results provide reference for soil environment improvement and the development of appropriate management measures based on the fertilizer requirements of ginseng, which can help achieve sustainable production of agricultural ginseng.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}