RhizospherePub Date : 2025-03-26DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101062
Negar Ghaderi , Zeeshan Ibrahim , Andrey Guber , Sajedeh Khosrozadeh , Vusal Guliyev , Mika Tarkka , Evgenia Blagodatskaya
{"title":"High-resolution sampling for enhanced spatial analysis of microbial growth and enzyme activity in the rhizosphere","authors":"Negar Ghaderi , Zeeshan Ibrahim , Andrey Guber , Sajedeh Khosrozadeh , Vusal Guliyev , Mika Tarkka , Evgenia Blagodatskaya","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rhizosphere is a hotspot of microbial activity and enzymatic processes driven by concentration gradients of root exudates. Traditional methods based on destructive sampling often lack the sensitivity required to accurately reflect the spatial gradients of microbial activities within the rhizosphere. This is often identified by the discrepancies between microplate assays and zymography. We addressed this methodological gap through a comparative study of the spatial dynamics of enzymatic processes in the maize rhizosphere. Two genotypes of <em>Zea mays</em> L.: wild type and root hair defective <em>rth3</em> mutant were used to test the discrepancies between microplate assay and zymography. First, enzyme activity was mapped using zymography, followed by destructive sampling (<1 mm, 1–2 mm, and >2 mm) for microplate assay. In addition, we tested the microbial growth kinetics across spatial gradients (<2 mm, >2 mm, and non-rhizosphere soil). The 1 mm sampling revealed significant rhizosphere gradients in microplate assay, particularly for β-glucosidase, with a gradual decrease in V<sub>max</sub> at 1–2 mm (up to 1.7 times) and >2 mm (up to 4.5 times) compared to <1 mm. The observed enzyme activity gradients correlated positively with active microbial biomass and CO<sub>2</sub> emission rates. Active biomass was up to 29 times greater at <2 mm compared to >2 mm. The lag-time before growth was 0.5 h shorter at <2 mm than at >2 mm. This study highlights the need for short-distance sampling techniques to accurately capture the spatial distribution of microbial growth and enzyme activity in the rhizosphere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101062"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergistic effects of silicate and Streptomyces chartreusis on water deficit resistance in soybean (Glycine max L.)","authors":"Jalaladdin Khallizadeh , Reza Ghorbani Nasrabadi , Hassan Etesami","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought, a major abiotic stress, adversely affects the growth, development, and nutrient absorption of legume plants, leading to yield reduction. This study investigated the combined effects of silicon (Si) and the actinobacterial strain <em>Streptomyces chartreusis</em> on water-stress resistance in soybean (<em>Glycine</em> L.). Our experiments, conducted under simulated water deficit conditions, revealed that the combined application of Si and <em>S. chartreusis</em> boosted the morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits of the soybean plants. Si treatment led to higher levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and silicon while reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations (25 %), an indicator of oxidative stress. The use of silicate and <em>S. chartreusis</em> boosted the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (35 %), catalase (61 %), and peroxidase (58 %), reducing oxidative damage and improving water relations, as shown by the increased relative water content (33 %) and membrane stability index (35 %). The plants treated with both silicate and <em>S. chartreusis</em> exhibited the highest levels of chlorophyll <em>a and b</em>, suggesting improved photosynthetic efficiency. These results highlight the potential of combining Si with beneficial microbial inoculants in sustainable agriculture to enhance soybean resilience to water stress. However, field studies are required to confirm the efficacy of these treatments in agricultural environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101064"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IF 3.4 3区 生物学
RhizospherePub Date : 2025-03-26DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101060
Muhammad Garda Pancasona, Shintia Effendi, Ni Made Savita Rasjman, Filzah Shalihah
RhizospherePub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101063
Brena Coutinho Muniz , Carlos André Ribeiro Costa , João Gabriel Lira de Carvalho , Eduarda Lins Falcão , Jefferlone Lopes da Silva Filho , Caio Bezerra Barreto , Rita de Cássia Ribeiro da Luz , Fábio Sérgio Barbosa da Silva
{"title":"Beyond the rhizosphere: Why are arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi not used in passion fruit cultivation destined for anxiolytic herbal medicines?","authors":"Brena Coutinho Muniz , Carlos André Ribeiro Costa , João Gabriel Lira de Carvalho , Eduarda Lins Falcão , Jefferlone Lopes da Silva Filho , Caio Bezerra Barreto , Rita de Cássia Ribeiro da Luz , Fábio Sérgio Barbosa da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of mycorrhizal biostimulants in passion fruit cultivation enhances flavonoid production. Regardless of such potential, this biotechnology has not been incorporated into the production process of herbal medicines due to the gaps that need to be met such as the validation of the improved anxiolytic effect of extracts from mycorrhizal plants and, their safety and standardization of protocols to produce mycorrhizal inoculants. Therefore, investments are needed to promote research that can contribute to the establishment of mycorrhizal fungi in industrial processes. Thus, farmers can cultivate <em>Passiflora</em> L. and destine a phytomass with high bioactive metabolite content to produce phytoformulations widely used in mild anxiety cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101063"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RhizospherePub Date : 2025-03-22DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101061
Xiaokang Dai , Yuqing Dong , Zebang Chen , Shuying Li , Josep Penuelas , Tianhui Zhu
{"title":"Seasonal dynamics of rhizosphere soil microbiome composition and diversity in Chinese Cunninghamia lanceolata in response to soilborne pathogen infection","authors":"Xiaokang Dai , Yuqing Dong , Zebang Chen , Shuying Li , Josep Penuelas , Tianhui Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The damage caused by soil-borne diseases in <em>Cunninghamia lanceolata</em> (<em>Lamb</em>.) <em>Hook</em> (Cupressaceae), commonly called the Chinese fir, has become increasingly severe in China in recent years. Due to the strong seasonal dependence of the occurrence and severity of these diseases, the ecological processes influencing changes in the composition and function of the plant microbiome during different seasons of pathogen infection have been rarely studied. This study compared the seasonal variations in soil physicochemical properties between the rhizosphere soils of healthy and diseased <em>C. lanceolata</em> in major production areas in China. It further explored the effects of root rot on the composition, structure, and ecological functions of rhizosphere microorganisms. The results demonstrated that seasonal variations significantly influenced the physicochemical properties and microbial composition of the rhizosphere soil in <em>C. lanceolata</em> affected by root rot. Microbiome analysis further confirmed that, within the same season, healthy <em>C. lanceolata</em> contained a greater abundance of ecologically beneficial microbial taxa in the rhizosphere soil compared to diseased trees. These microorganisms may function as bioprotectants. This study enhances our understanding of the structural and functional changes in the rhizosphere soil microbiome associated with soil-borne diseases and provides potential ecological management strategies to improve plant resistance to root rot.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RhizospherePub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101056
Irina P. Pinchuk , Azida K. Tkhakakhova , Natalia S. Tomashevich , Elena Y. Gyrnets , Nikita M. Sidorov , Natalia A. Ksenofontova , Alexey O. Zverev , Dmitry A. Nikitin , Alexander A. Stakheev , Xuewen Gao , Mikhail M. Astakhov , Angela М. Asaturova , Mikhail V. Semenov
{"title":"Efficacy of biofungicides based on Bacillus against apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) and their influence on rhizosphere fungal communities","authors":"Irina P. Pinchuk , Azida K. Tkhakakhova , Natalia S. Tomashevich , Elena Y. Gyrnets , Nikita M. Sidorov , Natalia A. Ksenofontova , Alexey O. Zverev , Dmitry A. Nikitin , Alexander A. Stakheev , Xuewen Gao , Mikhail M. Astakhov , Angela М. Asaturova , Mikhail V. Semenov","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungal phytopathogens cause crop diseases that pose a serious threat to food security worldwide. The most common and effective method to control crop diseases is the use of chemical fungicides. However, chemical fungicides can negatively impact the environment, human health, and the abundance and diversity of beneficial soil microorganisms. Environmentally friendly methods based on biological control agents (BCAs) have been proven to be selective and effective against phytopathogens, making them a viable ecological alternative to chemical fungicides. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of BCAs based on <em>Bacillus</em> spp. against apple scab (<em>Venturia inaequalis</em>) and to assess their effect on fungal communities in the rhizosphere of apple trees compared to chemical fungicides. We evaluated <em>Bacillus velezensis</em> BZR 336g (3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 l ha<sup>−1</sup>) and Fitosporin-M, L, based on the <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> strain 26D (2.0 l ha<sup>−1</sup>), as biofungicides, and chemical treatments using Zato, WDG (trifloxystrobin 500 g l<sup>−1</sup>) and Score, EC (difenoconazole 250 g l<sup>−1</sup>). We assessed disease incidence on apple leaves and fruits, fruit yield, as well as the abundance and diversity of rhizosphere fungal communities using plating, RT-PCR, and DNA metabarcoding. Biofungicides applied to leaves and fruits demonstrated up to 80 % efficacy against <em>V. inaequalis</em>. Treatment with trifloxystrobin and difenoconazole resulted in a sharp decrease in fungal diversity in the rhizosphere, along with an increase in the absolute and relative abundances of fungal phytopathogens, primarily <em>Fusarium</em>, <em>Rhizoctonia</em>, and <em>Verticillium</em>. Since the total number of rhizosphere fungi remained stable, we can conclude that the development of phytopathogens in the rhizosphere of apple trees under chemical fungicides was due to the depletion of ecological niches previously occupied by saprotrophic and plant symbiotic fungi. Therefore, the long-term use of chemical fungicides may eventually lead to incidences of root rot and other plant diseases caused by soil-borne phytopathogens developed in the rhizosphere. The application of BCAs decreases the incidence of diseases in plants without affecting the diversity of rhizosphere soil fungi and can be used to reduce reliance on chemical fungicides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101056"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RhizospherePub Date : 2025-03-15DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101059
Fatemeh Raeisi-Vanani , Leila Shabani , Mohammad R. Sabzalian , Majid Sharifi-Tehrani
{"title":"Epichloë endophyte-infected Lolium perenne experienced less oxidative damage when exposed to drought stress","authors":"Fatemeh Raeisi-Vanani , Leila Shabani , Mohammad R. Sabzalian , Majid Sharifi-Tehrani","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aimed to assess the impacts of varying drought stress periods of one week (time 1), two weeks (time 2), and at the end of the stress period (time 3) on growth, oxidative stress indicators (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, MDA), and antioxidant enzyme responses (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase) among six endophyte-infected (E+) and four endophyte-free (E-) genotypes of the plant species <em>Lolium perenne</em>. The experiment was designed in a completely randomized design with three replications. In the pot culture, a one-month drought stress was induced by limiting irrigation to 20 % of the field capacity for both E+ and E- <em>L. perenne</em> genotypes. The results demonstrated that endophyte infection could provide substantial physiological benefits to the host plant under drought stress conditions. Infected genotypes exhibited higher dry weight of aerial and root biomass, tiller numbers, and chlorophyll <em>a</em> content compared to control plants. At time 1, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentrations were significantly higher in E- genotypes. The highest MDA levels were observed in E- genotypes at time 3. The activity of antioxidant enzymes involved in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> degradation (CAT, APX, GOP) and the enzyme responsible for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production (SOD) was most pronounced in time 2 for E+ genotypes. Furthermore, drought stress induced the activity of GR and GST enzymes in the leaves of both E+ and E- <em>Lolium</em> genotypes, with the highest induction of these enzymes occurring two weeks after stress in E+ genotypes. These findings suggest that the antioxidant strategies of E+ <em>Lolium</em> genotypes are significantly altered when exposed to drought stress for two weeks. Although both E+ and E- genotypes demonstrated effective antioxidant responses, the E+ genotypes experienced less oxidative damage, highlighting the enhanced morphophysiological performance due to endophyte infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101059"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RhizospherePub Date : 2025-03-13DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101036
Hong Chen , Wanlu Zhao , Lingxin Xu , Tingting Zhang , Xiangwei Chen , Enheng Wang , Junxin Yan
{"title":"Four herbaceous plants with different characteristics significantly reduced the soil separation rate under different planting densities","authors":"Hong Chen , Wanlu Zhao , Lingxin Xu , Tingting Zhang , Xiangwei Chen , Enheng Wang , Junxin Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil erosion can be effectively mitigated through the planting of herbaceous plants. However, the understanding of the influence of different species and planting density on soil separation rates remains inadequate. This study aims to investigate the effects of various herb roots on soil separation rates under different planting densities. Four kinds of herbs, <em>Bromus inermis</em>, <em>Hordeum vulgare</em>, <em>Trifolium repens</em> and <em>Fagopyrum esculentum</em>, were planted at two different planting densities. The root characteristics and physicochemical properties of the soil in the 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers were analyzed. The soil separation rate was assessed using a simulated indoor erosion test. The results indicated that the roots of all four herbaceous plants significantly reduced the soil separation rate. Notably, the soil separation rate for plants cultivated at high density (D2) was lower than that for those at low density (D1). Among the tested species, <em>Fagopyrum esculentum</em> exhibited the lowest soil separation rate after planting. According to nonlinear fitting analyses, it was observed that the soil separation rate decreased exponentially with an increase in root surface area density, root length density, mean mass diameter, geometric mean diameter, and organic matter content of the soil. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) concluded that soil water-stable aggregates were the main factor affecting soil separation rate, and root characteristics could also significantly affect the change of water-stable aggregates. It was also found that differences in soil separation rates between species were more significant than differences in planting density.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101036"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of rhizosphere microbiomes in enhancing terpene production in Ferula asafoetida: A comparative study across three different regions","authors":"Masoud Ghayoumi , Abbasali Emamjomeh , Seyed Javad Davarpanah","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the relationship between rhizosphere microbiomes and terpene production in <em>Ferula asafoetida</em> across three regions in South Khorasan, Iran: Aliabad, Anjiri, and Ghalie. Rhizosphere samples were collected from each region to analyze bacterial diversity using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additionally, essential oil from the plant was extracted and analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed significant differences in microbial diversity and terpenoid content among the regions. The highest concentrations of α-Terpineol and other valuable terpenes were found in Anjiri and Ghalie. In these regions, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, which are known for their roles in nutrient cycling and promoting plant growth, were dominant. This presence may enhance terpene biosynthesis. In contrast, Aliabad showed lower microbial diversity and terpene content, suggesting that rhizosphere microbiomes are key drivers of terpene production. This research highlights the importance of rhizosphere microorganisms in plant biochemistry and their potential applications in agriculture and the industrial production of bioactive compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RhizospherePub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101055
Alberto Andrino , Leopold Sauheitl , Georg Guggenberger , Jens Boy , Aline Fernandes Figueiredo , Francisco Arenas , Alfonso Navarro-Ródenas , José Eduardo Marqués-Gálvez , Asunción Morte
{"title":"Determining the nutritional importance of common mycelial networks in a desert truffle mycorrhizal symbiosis for soil nitrogen redistribution","authors":"Alberto Andrino , Leopold Sauheitl , Georg Guggenberger , Jens Boy , Aline Fernandes Figueiredo , Francisco Arenas , Alfonso Navarro-Ródenas , José Eduardo Marqués-Gálvez , Asunción Morte","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In semi-arid soils, limited water and nitrogen (N) restrict biological activity and plant growth. As aridity increases, understanding mycorrhizae's role in supporting plant communities and mitigating desertification is critical, especially that of common mycelial networks (CMN) linking an individual fungus with roots of multiple plants of the same or different species, impacting establishment, succession, and resilience. Although CMN research has been extensive in temperate forests and grasslands, its importance in semi-arid environments is still uncertain. This study aimed to determine whether CMN shared by semi-arid-adapted plants can assist in redistributing N from nutrient-rich sites to poor ones. We hypothesize CMN are an essential mechanism responding to spatial soil nutrient heterogeneity in semi-arid areas, aiding plant establishment and survival.</div><div>Complementary controlled experiments were conducted using compartmentalized mesocosms where only mycelia could mobilize nutrients, examining CMN <sup>15</sup>N redistribution and whether plant age/size affects directionality. We used <em>Helianthemum almeriense</em> as the host plant forming an ectendomycorrhiza with the mycorrhizal fungus <em>Terfezia claveryi</em>. Experiments revealed <sup>15</sup>N translocation to sink compartments at varying levels, with higher translocation where plants were present. Moreover, <sup>15</sup>N contribution to plant N pools was significantly higher in 1-month-old seedlings <em>versus</em> adult plants. Under controlled conditions, hyphae appear as an effective conduit for N redistribution. The results provide initial evidence that CMN may help to redistribute N between rich and poor sites in semi-arid regions. Furthermore, the CMN may contribute to the survival of new mycorrhizal seedlings developing in desert truffle plantations or wild areas. This, in turn, advances knowledge on maintaining these ecosystems over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101055"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}