Rhizosphere最新文献

{"title":"The role of rhizosphere microbiomes in enhancing terpene production in Ferula asafoetida: A comparative study across three different regions","authors":"Masoud Ghayoumi ,&nbsp;Abbasali Emamjomeh ,&nbsp;Seyed Javad Davarpanah","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the relationship between rhizosphere microbiomes and terpene production in <em>Ferula asafoetida</em> across three regions in South Khorasan, Iran: Aliabad, Anjiri, and Ghalie. Rhizosphere samples were collected from each region to analyze bacterial diversity using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additionally, essential oil from the plant was extracted and analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed significant differences in microbial diversity and terpenoid content among the regions. The highest concentrations of α-Terpineol and other valuable terpenes were found in Anjiri and Ghalie. In these regions, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, which are known for their roles in nutrient cycling and promoting plant growth, were dominant. This presence may enhance terpene biosynthesis. In contrast, Aliabad showed lower microbial diversity and terpene content, suggesting that rhizosphere microbiomes are key drivers of terpene production. This research highlights the importance of rhizosphere microorganisms in plant biochemistry and their potential applications in agriculture and the industrial production of bioactive compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetically distant but cohabiting: Fungal communities of fine roots in Diphasiastrum complanatum, Pinus sylvestris, and Vaccinium myrtillus in a Lithuanian pine forest","authors":"Kristina Kuprina ,&nbsp;Moana Wirth ,&nbsp;Maria Sanchez Luque ,&nbsp;Heike Heklau ,&nbsp;Radvilė Rimgailė-Voicik ,&nbsp;Manuela Bog ,&nbsp;Martin Schnittler","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Throughout evolution, distinct plant lineages independently established mutualistic relationships with various fungal taxa. However, the extent to which these relationships are conserved across different plant and fungal lineages remains unclear. In this study, we compared fungal communities associated with the fine roots of three phylogenetically distant yet cohabiting plant species: <em>Diphasiastrum complanatum</em>, a member of lycophytes, the most basal extant vascular plant lineages; <em>Pinus sylvestris,</em> a gymnosperm; and <em>Vaccinium myrtillus</em>, an angiosperm, an evolutionary relatively young lineage. To minimize environmental variability, fine roots of three species were collected from each of 19 five-square-meter plots within a Scots pine forest in Lithuania. Using metabarcoding and microscopic techniques, we observed significant differences in the fungal community composition and diversity among the three plant species. We detected no signs of arbuscular mycorrhiza in any species. Samples of <em>D. complanatum</em> showed significantly higher taxonomical diversity, while <em>P. sylvestris</em> showed lowest diversity, with ectomycorrhizal fungi being most abundant. Samples of <em>V. myrtillus</em> had a prevalence of putative ericoid mycorrhiza taxa, classes Sebacinales and Trechisporales, likely forming hyphal coils detected through microscopy. In contrast, no mycorrhiza was detected in <em>D. complanatum</em> sporophytes. This, along with the presence of well-developed root hairs and similarity to the fungal community inhabiting soil, suggest a low dependency of <em>D. complanatum</em> sporophytes on mycorrhizal associations and a more opportunistic fungi-plant relationship. This is the first study of fungi associated with the sporophytes of <em>D. complanatum</em>. Our findings provide valuable insights into the complex interactions between fungi and plants from diverse phylogenetic lineages in natural environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 101053"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antagonistic activity of autochthonous strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus velezensis against fungi and oomycetes associated to damping off","authors":"Ricardo Puche ,&nbsp;Vanesa Basso ,&nbsp;María Verónica Fumero ,&nbsp;Daniela Medeot ,&nbsp;Edgardo Jofré","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Damping-off disease, caused by a range of phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes, poses a significant concern to global crop production. The use of antagonistic <em>Bacillus</em> strains represents a promising biocontrol strategy to mitigate these pathogens. This study evaluated the antifungal and anti-oomycete activities of <em>B. velezensis</em> A6, <em>B. velezensis</em> MEP₂18, <em>B. amyloliquefaciens</em> ARP₂3, and <em>B.</em> sp. A7 against major phytopathogens associated to Damping-off. Furthermore, we demonstrated that cyclic lipopeptides produced by <em>Bacillus</em> strains are the compounds possessing the antagonistic activity. The HPLC profiles of the cyclic lipopeptides were different even among the same or related species. After purifying each family of cyclic lipopeptides, we determined whether iturins, fengycins, or surfactins were responsible for the antifungal or anti-oomycete activity. Among these compounds, iturin A showed the strongest antifungal/anti-oomycete effect, followed by fengycins. The effectivity in inhibiting the growth of the phytopathogens varied among the <em>Bacillus</em> strains being A6 the most effective one. Alteration in hyphae morphology were evidenced by light microscopy in <em>M. phaseolina</em> and <em>R. solani</em> exposed to cyclic lipopeptides from <em>B. velezensis</em> A6. Soybean seeds coated with the strain A6 or its cyclic lipopeptides and challenged to <em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em> or <em>Rhizotocnia solani</em> showed better germination energy than those treated with the synthetic fungicide, highlighting the potential of <em>B. velezensis</em> A6 as a biocontrol agent for seed protection in sustainable agriculture. These findings underscore the importance of cyclic lipopeptides in biological control and reinforce the efficacy of <em>Bacillus</em> strains as environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical fungicides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101052"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interaction between rhizosphere microbial community structure and metabolites significantly affects the growth and development of hydroponically cultivated chives","authors":"Xiaoqiang Wei ,&nbsp;Lihui Wang ,&nbsp;Haiwang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuemei Sun ,&nbsp;Shipeng Yang ,&nbsp;Jiang Li ,&nbsp;Long Tan ,&nbsp;Qiwen Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated hydroponic cultivation as a recent method for chive production to elucidate the mutual feedback mechanism between the rhizosphere microbial community and metabolites, as well as the quality formation of the aboveground parts. High-throughput microbial sequencing and LC-MS untargeted metabolomics were employed to determine the composition and diversity of the rhizosphere microbial community under both hydroponic and soil cultivation, using soil-cultivated chives as a control. The rhizosphere microecological succession mechanism of chives was explored in conjunction with metabolite change analysis. Additionally, the impact of the rhizosphere microecological environment on chive quality formation in hydroponically cultivated chives was preliminarily investigated by integrating aboveground quality indicators. The results indicated that hydroponic cultivation enhances the growth and yield of chives, with the plant height, stem thickness, and yield per unit area being nearly double those of soil cultivation. Moreover, the hydroponically cultivated chives had higher levels of water-soluble carbohydrates and ascorbic acid but lower levels of dry matter and cellulose. Microbial analysis revealed that hydroponic cultivation exhibited lower microbial diversity compared to soil cultivation. Specific bacterial markers in hydroponic cultivation included <em>Rhodanobacter</em>, <em>Chujaibacter</em>, and <em>Thermomonas</em>, which were involved in various substance transformations, including nitrification, denitrification, and detoxification of plant toxins in the nutrient solution. Metabolomic analysis showed that carbohydrates and amino acids were the main down-regulated metabolites in hydroponic cultivation, whereas phenols, ketones, and amines were up-regulated, indicating that hydroponic cultivation promotes nutrient absorption by chives and enhances their resistance. Correlation analysis revealed that microbial markers regulate carbohydrates and amino acids, enhancing chive's absorption of these substances, which in turn promotes chive growth, increases yield, and facilitates substance accumulation. Moreover, metabolic activities like nitrification and denitrification produce phenols, ketones, and amines, enhancing chive resistance and nitrogen storage. These findings elucidate the rhizosphere microecological activities of hydroponically cultivated chives and offer practical insights for enhancing the quality and production of high-quality chives in hydroponic cultivation in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101020"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial mechanisms underlying complementary soil nutrient utilization regulated by maize-peanut root exudate interactions","authors":"Dongying Zhou ,&nbsp;Shixian Li ,&nbsp;Penghao Yu ,&nbsp;NanXian Xiu ,&nbsp;Yubiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Qiqi Dong ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Liu ,&nbsp;He Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoguang Wang ,&nbsp;Haiqiu Yu ,&nbsp;Xinhua Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Root exudate-mediated interactions play a critical role in regulating below-ground ecological processes in maize-peanut intercropping systems. This study employed 16S ribosomal RNA and internal transcribed spacer sequencing to systematically investigate the effects of reciprocal root exudate irrigation on rhizosphere microbial communities, carbon-nitrogen metabolism, and plant growth. Compared to sterilized deionized water controls, peanut exudate-treated maize (PEM) showed a 35.64% reduction in rhizosphere total nitrogen (TN), with 25.71% and 25.01% increases in nitrate reductase (NR) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities, respectively. Maize exudate-treated peanut (MEP) exhibited significant enhancements in NR (22.79%), PPO (14.70%), soil organic carbon (SOC, 22.32%), plant biomass (22.52%), and root nitrogen accumulation (34.15%), alongside suppressed N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase and urease (URE) activities. Microbial analysis revealed significantly reduced α-diversity in PEM, accompanied by enrichment of <em>Sphingomonas</em> (0.43-fold) and <em>Penicillium</em> (3.65-fold). Random forest and variance partitioning analyses identified PEM-enriched <em>Gemmatimonadaceae</em> as the primary driver of NR activity variation. Notably, MEP exhibited substantial enrichment of <em>Comamonadaceae</em> and <em>Oxalobacteraceae</em>, which were respectively established as key regulators of URE and PPO activities. Phylum-level correlations demonstrated significant negative Proteobacteria-TN associations (r = −0.77) in PEM, and positive Acidobacteriota-SOC (r = 0.83), carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (r = 0.83), and PPO activity (r = 0.94) relationships in MEP. These findings suggest PEM accelerates nitrogen depletion by enhancing nitrogen mineralization and denitrification in the maize rhizosphere, while MEP improves soil fertility through carbon-nitrogen pathway inhibition, promoting SOC sequestration and nitrogen stabilization. This work provides theoretical insights into the ecological mechanisms underlying root exudate-driven complementary nutrient utilization in intercropping systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101051"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection status of sugar beet plants influence infection decisions of root-knot and root lesion nematodes","authors":"Busra Sadic-Ulu ,&nbsp;Tufan Can Ulu ,&nbsp;Lucas Ripa,&nbsp;Glen Stevens,&nbsp;Edwin Lewis","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant-parasitic nematodes inflict substantial economic losses on a global scale. While there is a substantial body of knowledge concerning plant-nematode interactions, there is a dearth of information regarding plant-pathogen-pathogen interactions when multiple plant-parasitic nematode (PPN) species exist in the vicinity of plants concurrently. In this study, sugar beet plants were employed as a model system to investigate the impact of PPN-exposed and non-exposed plant exudates and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on the orientation behaviors of two economically significant PPN species, root knot nematode (RKN) <em>Meloidogyne incognita</em> and root lesion nematode (RLN) <em>Pratylenchus neglectus</em>. Additionally, the degree to which the exometabolomes (metabolic footprints) of these PPNs influenced nematode behavior, both conspecifically and heterospecifically was measured. Two-choice Petri dish experiments were conducted using root exudates collected from infected and non-infected plants, and the responses of nematodes to these exudates were measured. Similar experiments were conducted using nematode exometabolomes. To test the impact of plant exudates and VOCs on nematode behavior, olfactometer experiments were conducted by placing plants unexposed to nematodes and nematode-exposed plants at the ends of olfactometer arms and nematode responses were assessed after 18-h for RKN and 48-h for RLN. No significant trend was observed in the choices of RLN in the root exudate experiments. In contrast, RKN responded more strongly to exudates from plants previously unexposed to nematodes compared with plants that were exposed to one day and two days post inoculation. No significant differences were found for either nematode species in the exometabolome experiments. In olfactometer trials, RKNs were attracted to uninfected plants over PPN-infected plants or no plant. In the case of RLN olfactometer trials, significant differences were detected, but no specific trend could be established. This study highlights the conspecific and heterospecific behavioral interactions between nematodes exposed to previously infected plant roots.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101022"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular dialogue in legume-rhizobium symbiosis: Signaling mechanisms and genetic insights","authors":"Xiaopeng Li ,&nbsp;Ruixue Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The symbiotic relationship between legumes and rhizobium has important potential for sustainable agricultural development, increasing crop yields and reducing nitrogen fertilizer dependence. Recent advancements in molecular biology have unraveled key signaling pathways and genetic elements that govern this symbiosis. Legume roots secrete flavonoids that trigger rhizobia to produce nodulation factors (NFs), initiating a complex signaling cascade leading to nodule formation. These nodules house bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, crucial for plant growth. Understanding and engineering these signaling pathways could enhance nitrogen fixation efficiency, reduce fertilizer dependence, and promote eco-friendly farming. This review synthesizes the past 25 years of research, highlighting breakthroughs in symbiotic signaling, transcriptional regulation, and plant immunity modulation during legume-rhizobium symbiosis. It also explores the potential for engineering nitrogen-fixing capabilities in both legume and non-legume plants, offering insights into future agricultural strategies that harness this symbiosis for enhanced sustainability and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101034"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A combination of Trichoderma harzianum HE23 and Spirulina maxima UTEX LB2342 effectively induces plant immune responses in wheat against yellow rust and promotes the host growth","authors":"Younes M. Rashad ,&nbsp;Hany H.A. El-Sharkawy ,&nbsp;Osama Abd El Badeea ,&nbsp;Safa A.M. Yousef ,&nbsp;Adel K. Madbouly","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wheat yellow (stripe) rust is a destructive disease caused by <em>Puccinia striiformis</em> f. sp. <em>tritici</em> that leads to great economic losses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocontrol of stripe rust of wheat and promote its growth through the application of <em>Trichoderma harzianum</em> HE23 and/or <em>Spirulina maxima</em> UTEX LB2342 (at 1 and 2 g L⁻¹). <em>In vitro</em> assay revealed the direct antifungal potential of <em>T. harzianum</em> HE23 filtrate and <em>S. maxima</em> aqueous extract (2 g L⁻¹) as they inhibited the <em>P. striiformis</em> f. sp. <em>tritici</em> uredospores germination by 99.16% and 100%, respectively. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of <em>T. harzianum</em> HE23 ethyl acetate extract revealed the existence of forty-six constituents with varying proportions, mainly palmitic acid (34%), stearic acid (22%), and tricosanenitrile (4%) of known antifungal potencies. In the greenhouse, combined spraying of wheat plants with <em>S. maxima</em> extract (2 g L⁻¹) and <em>T. harzianum</em> HE23 filtrate reduced the disease severity to 11.67%. Furthermore, spraying of this combined treatment overexpressed three resistance genes such as <em>JERF3</em>, <em>POD</em>, and <em>CHI II</em>, with varying levels. In addition, this dual treatment enhanced the POD (peroxidase), PPO (polyphenol oxidase), and CAT (catalase) antioxidant enzymes activity in the infected plants, recording 68.23, 17.00, 35.47 Unit min⁻¹g⁻¹ f. wt, respectively. A noticeable increment in phenol contents (86.5%) and a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (54.9%) were also observed in response to this dual treatment, compared to the unsprayed and infected plants. Moreover, application of this combined treatment promoted the treated wheat plants growth parameters and improved their photosynthetic pigments content, mainly chlorophyll (<em>a</em>, <em>b</em>) and carotenoids, compared to the non-sprayed and infected plants. To our knowledge and for the first time, this study reports the combined application of <em>T. harzianum</em> and <em>S. maxima</em> as ecofriendly bioagents and biostimulants in the greenhouse to manage yellow rust of wheat and promotes its growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101018"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coapplication of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer affects soybean yield by regulating the microbiome and metabolite profile of rhizosphere soil","authors":"Hui Liu ,&nbsp;Wanyu Dou ,&nbsp;Wenlong Zhang ,&nbsp;Guoxin Shi ,&nbsp;Yutao Li ,&nbsp;Lihong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biochar has been recognized as an effective soil amendment in recent years. Biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer has been proven to solve the problem of low nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency, thereby increasing crop yield. However, how biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer affects the growth of soybean is not clear. Therefore, in this study, high-throughput sequencing and nontargeted metabolomics techniques were used to investigate the changes in soil physicochemical properties, soybean yield and yield components under different ratios of combined biochar and nitrogen fertilizer. The results revealed that, at equal nitrogen levels, cation exchange, conductivity and microbial carbon content increased at the beginning of the increase in biochar dosage but began to decrease after a certain level was reached; biochar with nitrogen fertilizer altered the diversity and composition of microbial communities and affected bacteria to a greater extent than fungi did. Metabolomic analysis revealed that most of the metabolites upregulated after biochar and nitrogen fertilization were lipids, lipid-like molecules and organoheterocyclic compounds, and the differentially abundant metabolites were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism, ABC transporters and other metabolic pathways. Partial least squares pathway modeling analysis revealed that the application of biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer significantly promotes soil physicochemical properties and soybean yield. This study can bridge the gap in the current assessment of the effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilization on the soil microenvironment and crop yield and provides important scientific value and guidance for soybean cultivation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101019"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological assessment and biodegradation of imidacloprid by dominant strain LBb2 and their impact on soil microbial communities","authors":"Jiale Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Wanlei Yue ,&nbsp;Jia Bao ,&nbsp;Mengqin Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extended application of neonicotinoid insecticides for agricultural use has resulted in excessive levels of imidacloprid entering soil environments, surpassing the natural self-purification capacity of the soil and posing threats to human health and ecosystems. This study isolated an efficient imidacloprid-degrading strain, LBb2, through selective enrichment and domestication. The strain was taxonomically identified as <em>Bacillus proteolyticus</em>. Optimal degradation conditions for 100 mg/L of imidacloprid were determined using response surface methodology, with a pH of 6.4, a temperature of 31 °C, and an inoculation size of 7.5%, achieving a degradation rate of 53.20% after 7 days. Toxicological analysis of imidacloprid and its metabolites revealed that imidacloprid affects seed germination and development, inhibits <em>Escherichia coli</em> growth, and induces micronucleus formation in faba seeds. Metabolite analysis indicated that the main metabolic pathways of imidacloprid were hydroxylation to form IM-6 and nitro-reduction to form IM-1, both of which could be further degraded to 6-CNA. The relative abundances of some phyla and genera appeared to have risen in soils treated with imidacloprid and LBb2, for instance <em>Actinomyceta</em>, <em>Ascomycota</em>, <em>Sphingomonas</em>, <em>Microvirga</em>. In contrast, the relative abundances of some phyla and genera decreased, such as <em>Acidobacteria</em>, <em>Chloroflexi</em>, <em>Mortierella</em>, <em>Mycosphaerella</em>. This research presents a theoretical foundation to assess biological risk of imidacloprid and for further use of microbial contamination remediation of pesticide contamination, and offers significant guidance for sustainable agricultural development, soil pollution remediation, and the rational use of pesticides. The future research direction can explore the synergistic effect of LBb2 with other strains to improve the degradation effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}