Rhizosphere最新文献

{"title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis Drives rhizosphere-regulated drought tolerance in maize","authors":"Ghulam Murtaza ,&nbsp;Muhammad Usman ,&nbsp;Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd ,&nbsp;Rashid Iqbal","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought-induced stress is a significant constraint for crop yields in semi-arid and arid areas.</div><div>Yield assessments under water stress indicate that mycorrhizae can alleviate the detrimental impacts of drought, placing them as sustainable options for agricultural practices in affected areas. Thus, we executed a two-year study to examine the effects of root colonization by two AMF species (<em>Diversispora epigaea</em> and <em>Diversispora versiformis</em>) under different drought stress conditions, assessing maize morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics, nutrient absorption, yield components, oil percentage, and irrigation water efficiency. The research was conducted in a desolate region of Pakistan during the 2023 and 2024 growing seasons. Drought-induced stress was generated at two levels by irrigating after 80 % and 60 % water loss, categorized as severe and mild drought stress. Irrigation after a 40 % reduction in water was considered normal (without stress). The findings demonstrated that regardless of AMF species and level of drought stress, inoculated plants yielded heavier seeds, higher dry matter, chlorophyll (37 %) and carotenoids (41 %), phytohormone (27 %), enhanced oil yields (32 %) and seeds (24.2 %) compared to uninoculated plants. Notably, the maize seed yields of <em>Diversispora epigaea</em>-treated plants under every irrigation treatment surpassed those of <em>Diversispora versiformis</em> inoculated plants and uninoculated plants. Drought stress reduced nitrogen levels in seeds and leaves, whereas AMF enhanced nitrogen levels, particularly when crops were treated with <em>Diversispora epigaea</em>. Moreover, seed phosphorus percentages were not influenced by AMF in 2023. Conversely, the highest phosphorus percentages in seeds and leaves were recorded in crops inoculated with <em>Diversispora epigaea</em> in 2023. Our findings indicate that <em>Diversispora epigaea</em> exhibits greater efficiency under water stress and provides superior support to maize plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivar-dependent effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal inoculation on fruit quality and native AM fungal community in navel orange","authors":"Xin-Ping Tan ,&nbsp;Cheng-Zhuo Li ,&nbsp;Ying-Ning Zou ,&nbsp;An-Qi Lei ,&nbsp;Mashael Daghash Alqahtani ,&nbsp;Qiang-Sheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the importance of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in enhancing citrus resilience in low-fertility soils, understanding how AM fungal inoculation reshapes these symbiotic communities is critical for sustainable orchard management. This study investigated how targeted inoculation with <em>Diversispora spurca</em> and <em>D</em>. <em>versiformis</em> altered the native AM fungal populations in the roots and rhizospheres of ‘Lane Late’ and ‘Newhall’ navel orange trees, as well as the impact on fruit quality. Three years after inoculation, the effectiveness of the introduced AM fungi in boosting root AM colonization and improving fruit internal and external quality was cultivar-dependent, with <em>D</em>. <em>versiformis</em> favoring ‘Newhall’ and <em>D</em>. <em>spurca</em> excelling in ‘Lane Late’ through strain-specific modulation of sucrose metabolism pathways. Correlation study demonstrated that AM fungi enhanced fruit sugar metabolism and quality by up-regulating the expression of key sucrose-related genes, suggesting a link between the symbiotic colonization rate and improved fruit quality. A high-throughput sequencing investigation revealed that the ‘Newhall’ variety had more sequences and OTUs than the ‘Lane Late’ variety. Following AM fungal inoculation, the composition of the AM fungal community varied significantly between ‘Newhall’ and ‘Lane Late’, with cultivar-specific recruitment of dominant genera (<em>Paraglomus</em>, <em>Glomus</em>, and <em>Gigaspora</em> in ‘Newhall’ roots versus <em>Gigaspora</em> in ‘Lane Late’ soil) shaping distinct symbiotic profiles. AM fungal inoculation had contrasting effects on alpha diversity in roots and rhizosphere soil, with suppression in roots and enhancement in the soil, especially when <em>D</em>. <em>versiformis</em> was inoculated in ‘Newhall’. The AM fungal community composition was highly heterogenous. The differential associations of AM fungal genera with fruit quality—<em>Glomus</em> enhancing sugar levels while reducing acidity, versus <em>Paraglomus</em> and <em>Claroideoglomus</em> promoting acid retention—highlight host cultivar-specific trade-offs in fruit metabolism. These findings underscore the importance of AM fungal diversity as a driving factor in improving the quality of navel orange fruits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoupled adaptation of plant microbiomes under global change: Partitioned responses and functional plasticity to warming and herbivory","authors":"Wenjing Chen ,&nbsp;Kelu Chen ,&nbsp;Huakun Zhou ,&nbsp;Li Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Multiple global change drivers frequently co-occur and interact, complicating predictions of ecosystem responses. However, an integrated understanding of how plant-associated microbiomes—spanning distinct host compartments and ecological niches—adjust to simultaneous climatic and biotic pressures remains limited.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We conducted a randomized block split-plot field experiment in an alpine meadow, incorporating warming, simulated herbivory, and their combination, to examine bacterial and fungal communities associated with leaves and roots across both exogenous and endophytic fractions. High-throughput sequencing enabled a comprehensive evaluation of changes in community structure (diversity and composition), functional potential (predicted via PICRUSt2 and FUNGuild), and co-occurrence network characteristics. Three consistent patterns emerged: (i) marked spatially partitioned responses, wherein phyllosphere microbiomes—particularly exogenous assemblages—displayed high sensitivity to stressors (e.g., increased diversity, network simplification), whereas rhizosphere microbiomes exhibited greater resilience; (ii) community variation was driven predominantly by non-linear interactions between warming and herbivory rather than additive effects, with synergistic or antagonistic outcomes strongly dependent on the niche and ecological dimension; and (iii) a pervasive decoupling among community structure, functional potential, and network stability. For example, root endophytic networks were largely insensitive to combined stressors, yet predicted functional gene profiles changed markedly; conversely, leaf endophytic diversity remained stable even as functional potential was substantially reshaped.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings support an integrated “adaptive decoupling” framework, proposing that structural–functional decoupling serves as a central strategy enabling plant microbiomes to maintain resilience under multiple stressors. This mechanism allows communities to rapidly adjust functional capacities without altering overall structure, or to preserve core network stability during structural reorganization, thereby conferring substantial functional plasticity. The results challenge the conventional “structure determines function” paradigm and offer a more mechanistic basis for predicting ecosystem functional stability under accelerating global change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enrichment and nitrogen preference of heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria in the maize rhizosphere","authors":"Mengqiu He ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Dan ,&nbsp;Zichun Wang ,&nbsp;Zucong Cai ,&nbsp;Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Christoph Müller ,&nbsp;Yuanshuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Dejin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heterotrophic nitrification (<em>O</em>_{<em>Nrec</em>}) is a crucial pathway of nitrate (NO₃⁻) production in acidic soils. While plants are known to stimulate <em>O</em>_{<em>Nrec</em>}, the specific microbial agents and their physiological traits remain largely unidentified. Building on our previous ¹⁵N tracing study, which quantified the stimulation of <em>O</em>_{<em>Nrec</em>} by maize, this research further identified the microbial drivers underpinning this phenomenon. Using plant removal and dark incubation treatments, we linked photosynthetic carbon flow to microbial dynamics. Most probable number (MPN) enumeration revealed significant enrichment of heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere, strongly correlated with soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC). We isolated multiple bacterial genera, including <em>Burkholderia</em>, <em>Stenotrophomonas</em>, <em>Bacillus</em>, <em>Sinomonas</em>, <em>Micromonospora</em>, and <em>Terrabacter</em>. These isolates exhibited remarkable metabolic versatility, oxidizing both organic (maize straw) and inorganic ammonium (NH₄⁺) to NO₃⁻. The findings demonstrate that maize plants selectively enrich heterotrophic nitrifiers via root exudates, thereby stimulating O_{<em>Nrec</em>} to enhance nitrogen availability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aminochelates drive the reorganization of root-associated enzyme hotspots in the sunflower rhizosphere","authors":"Mina Alipourbabadi ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Norouzimasir ,&nbsp;Abdolamir Moezzi ,&nbsp;Afrasyab Rahnama ,&nbsp;Mehdi Taghavi ,&nbsp;Mehdi Rashtbari ,&nbsp;Bahar S. Razavi","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The mechanisms by which organic chelates influence rhizosphere enzyme dynamics and microbial function remain poorly understood, limiting our ability to predict their effects on nutrient cycling and root–microbe interactions. To address this gap, we evaluated the effects of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) aminochelates on the spatial distribution of β-glucosidase (βG) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) activities in the rhizosphere of sunflower (<em>Helianthus annuus</em> L.) using an integrated approach combining <em>in situ</em> zymography and biochemical assays.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Glycine- (Gly) and methionine-based (Met) Fe and Zn aminochelates were synthesized and applied in rhizobox experiments, with untreated soils serving as controls.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>[Fe (Gly)₂] and [Zn (Met)₂] significantly enhanced βG (7–21%) and LAP (72–120%) activities, while expanding enzymatic hotspot zones by 270–450% and 78–251%, respectively. Kinetic analyses showed that [Zn (Met)₂] achieved the highest catalytic efficiency (K_a) and maximum velocity (V_max, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), while also increasing basal respiration (+42.3%) and microbial biomass C (3-fold) relative to the control. Root length and surface area were strongly correlated with hotspot intensity (Pearson's <em>r</em> = 0.75–0.94), reflecting tight root–microbe feedbacks. Network analysis further revealed that [Fe (Met)₂] and [Zn (Met)₂] promoted the highest system-wide coordination, linking microbial enzyme activity with root architecture (Mantel's <em>r</em> = 0.56–0.68, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). By enhancing microbial activity, expanding biologically active zones, and improving root foraging traits, aminochelates appeared to influence both micronutrient availability and physiological responses in the rhizosphere, although direct measurements of metal speciation and plant uptake were not performed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results suggest that methionine-based aminochelates may influence soil fertility, nutrient cycling, and crop performance, although their efficacy relative to established approaches remains to be validated experimentally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic plasticity of field pea (Lathyrus oleraceus L.) nodule morphology and cell-wall lignin in response to water and photothermal regimes","authors":"Michel Analia ,&nbsp;Adur Javier ,&nbsp;Caviglia Octavio Pedro ,&nbsp;Sadras Victor Oscar ,&nbsp;Ré Delfina Adela","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Legume plants associate symbiotically with <em>Rhizobium</em> and <em>Bradyirhizobium</em> bacteria that fix atmospheric nitrogen. Despite the well-documented effects of water regime on nodule establishment and functionality, little is known about its influence on nodule morphology after establishment. We grew <em>Lathyrus oleraceus</em> L. plants in a factorial experiment combining two growing conditions (winter and spring) and three levels of plant available water (PAW) in soil: 60 %, 85 %, and 100 %. Plant growth traits were measured. Nodules were analyzed with optical and confocal microscopy, using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy for lignin autofluorescence analysis. High water availability increased shoot biomass, as well as number and size of nodules compared to low water availability, with stronger effects in spring than in winter. The typical indeterminate nodules of field pea exhibited phenotypic plasticity whereby plants in dry soil had smaller and rounder nodules compared to plants grown at 100 % PAW. Lignin content of nodule cortex cells also varied with water and growing condition, being higher for 100 % PAW in winter and 60 % PAW in spring. Lignin content and morphological plasticity of field pea nodules may have implications for adaptation to water and photothermal variations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative taxonomic and functional profiling of rhizosphere and root endophytic bacterial communities in the mangrove Rhizophora apiculata","authors":"K.A. Wafha ,&nbsp;K. Devika Raj ,&nbsp;Anas Abdulaziz ,&nbsp;Baby Divya","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diverse bacterial community present in various compartments of the mangrove, including, rhizosphere, rhizoplane, phyllosphere and endosphere, reflects a vital ecological function necessary for thriving in conditions characterised by high salinity, tidal fluctuations, and waterlogging. This study employed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (metabarcoding) using the Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology for the comprehensive analysis of bacterial diversity and its ecosystem functioning within the rhizosphere compartment (RC) and root endophytic compartment (EC) of the salt-tolerant mangrove species <em>Rhizophora apiculata</em>. This study revealed significantly higher bacterial diversity in the RC compared to that found in the EC, as assessed by both α-diversity and β-diversity metrices. The taxonomic analysis identified a total of 58 bacterial phyla, belonging to 163 classes, 419 orders, 672 families, 1187 genera and 2559 species in both the compartments. The five predominant bacterial phyla identified were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Patescibacteria and Desulfobacteriota. Among these phyla, Proteobacteria were the most abundant in both RC and EC, followed by Desulfobacteriota in the EC and Acidobacteriota in the RC. Furthermore, a core set of abundant bacterial genera was observed in both the endophytic and rhizospheric communities. These genera hitherto play essential roles in nutrient cycling, pollutant degradation and the maintenance of ecosystem stability. The dominant genera were <em>Sulfurifustis</em>, <em>Spirochaeta</em>, <em>Novosphingobium</em>, <em>Candidatus Moranbacteria</em>, <em>Lacunisphaera</em>, <em>Candidatus Kaiserbacteria</em>, <em>Ignavibacterium</em>, <em>Dongia</em> and <em>Candidatus</em> sp. Computational predictions indicated that the metabolic versatility associated with the functional genes included cellular processes, nutrient metabolism and genetic information processing. Endosphere associated bacteria are linked to s adaptive microbial strategies whereas rhizosphere communities drive organic matter turn over, redox regulation and environmental buffering. This study explores the complexassociation between <em>Rhizophora apiculata</em> and its associated bacteriome and offers valuable insights into this relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient allocation in mycorrhizal-plant-herbivore interactions","authors":"Ming Zeng ,&nbsp;Hualiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) engage in complex interactions with plants and both aboveground (AG) and belowground (BG) herbivores, collectively shaping plant fitness, defense strategies, and AM fungal community assembly. A central question within these interactions concerns the role of nutrients. Nutrient allocation within the AMF-plant-herbivore triad is a pivotal yet poorly understood driver of multitrophic interactions. This review synthesizes evidence on how carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus are partitioned between plant mutualistic and antagonistic partners, highlighting critical knowledge gaps regarding the distribution of AMF-mediated nutrients across ecological compartments under combined AG and BG herbivory. Further, this review states that nutrient-derived primary and secondary metabolites exert systemically asymmetric effects on AG and BG herbivores through the plant's metabolic network. These changes can trigger cascading responses in plants and herbivores, altering their performance in concert with abiotic and biotic factors such as plant and herbivore identity, feeding mode, arrival sequence, and damage intensity. Finally, we conclude that plant defense strategies (resistance vs. tolerance) and herbivore performance are shaped by context-dependent nutrient allocation, necessitating the integration of isotopic tracing, metabolic analysis, and mechanistic modeling to quantitatively analyze the underlying pathways and predict these dynamics under global change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic regulation of calcium hydroxide and ARC microbial inoculant on rhizosphere microbiota and soil chemical properties during peanut middle growth stages in acidic red soils","authors":"Gongming Wu ,&nbsp;Hong Yu ,&nbsp;Ningbo Zeng ,&nbsp;Zinan Luo ,&nbsp;Sheng Gao ,&nbsp;Qi Liang ,&nbsp;Lin Li ,&nbsp;Peiwu Li ,&nbsp;Zemao Yang ,&nbsp;Dengwang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2025.101238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the high acidity and low fertility of acidic red soils in southern China, this study evaluated the effects of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) and the <em>Aspergillus</em>-Rhizobia Coupling (ARC) microbial inoculant on rhizosphere microbiota, soil chemical properties, and peanut <em>(Arachis hypogaea</em> L.) yield during the middle growth stage of peanuts (i.e., flowering-pegging and pod-setting stages). Calcium hydroxide modulated the rhizosphere microenvironment by increasing soil pH and exchangeable calcium, thereby enhancing microbial α-diversity, stimulating the metabolic activity of both ARC inoculant strains and native microbiota, and enriching carbon and nitrogen (C-N) cycling-related taxa (e.g., <em>Sphingomonas</em>), thus elevating soil organic matter and hydrolyzable nitrogen, and ultimately increasing peanut total pod weight per plant. Meanwhile, the ARC inoculant reshaped the rhizosphere microbial community structure without altering α-diversity, specifically enriching phosphorus and potassium (P-K) activation-related taxa (e.g., <em>Paraglomus</em>), thereby increasing soil available phosphorus and available potassium, and ultimately enhancing peanut total pods per plant. The combined application of these amendments exhibited obvious synergistic effects in the above aspects, with the Ca₅₀A₄ treatment (750 kg/ha calcium hydroxide + 60 kg/ha ARC inoculant) achieving the greatest effects. Compared with the control (Ca₀A₀, CK), the total pods per plant and total pod weight per plant in the Ca₅₀A₄ treatment were significantly increased by 57.14 % and 45.18 %, respectively. Overall, calcium hydroxide improved the rhizosphere microhabitat primarily through chemical regulation, whereas the ARC inoculant acted via direct and community-mediated biological regulation. Their synergistic application provides an efficient and innovative strategy for improving soil quality and enhancing peanut productivity in acidic red soil regions of southern China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When roots talk, bacteria respond: Comparative transcriptomics of three plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria growing on root exudates reveals plant-specific responses","authors":"Eulalie Fourneau,&nbsp;Baptiste Barbault,&nbsp;Mélissa Pannier,&nbsp;Barbara Pawlak,&nbsp;Josselin Bodilis","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2026.101293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the rhizosphere, plant roots release rhizodeposits, including a complex mixture of molecules known as root exudates. These compounds mediate the recruitment of the rhizosphere microbiota, which plays a key role in plant growth and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Deciphering the molecular dialogue between roots and their microbiota could promote the establishment of bioinoculants, such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), in the rhizosphere. Here, we investigated the genetic responses of three PGPR strains (<em>Bacillus subtilis</em> ATCC 6633, <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em> ATCC 17400 and <em>Azospirillum brasilense</em> Sp245) to root exudates from rapeseed (<em>Brassica napus</em>), pea (<em>Pisum sativum</em>) and ryegrass (<em>Lolium perenne</em>). Transcriptomic analyses during PGPR growth on root exudates revealed that <em>B. subtilis</em> ATCC 6633 and <em>A. brasilense</em> Sp245 regulated the expression of hundreds of genes, while <em>P. fluorescens</em> ATCC 17400 appeared to already express most of the genes required for this response. Moreover, certain bacterial genes, mainly involved in metabolism, were regulated by all three exudates through a core transcriptome, while other genes were specifically modulated by each plant. Notably, rapeseed exudates stimulated amino acid metabolism, whereas pea exudates repressed motility and activated defense mechanisms. Finally, we deduced the amino acids and sugars present in root exudates and metabolized by PGPR. Together, our results highlight root exudate specificity in the recruitment of PGPR and could contribute to their establishment as bioinoculants for rhizosphere engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 101293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}