BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Effects of slow dynamic, fast dynamic, and static stretching on recovery of performance, range of motion, balance, and joint position sense in healthy adults.","authors":"Abdolhamid Daneshjoo, Elham Hosseini, Safoura Heshmati, Mansour Sahebozamani, David George Behm","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00841-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00841-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Considering the effects of fatigue on athletic performance and the subsequent increase in the probability of injury, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of slow dynamic, fast dynamic, and static stretching on the recovery of performance, range of motion (ROM), balance, and joint position sense.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen collegiate healthy females were involved in four separate sessions of slow dynamic stretching (SDS), fast dynamic stretching (FDS), static stretching (SS), and control condition (CC; without stretching), in a random order with at least 48 h of rest between sessions. After warming up, the individuals performed ROM, balance, joint position sense (JPS) maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) force as well as countermovement (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) as pre-tests. After performing the knee fatigue protocol of 4 sets of knee extension and flexion at 60% of 1 repetition maximum (RM) to exhaustion (CC; without stretching) or stretching programs (SDS or FDS or SS), the subjects repeated all the tests at post-test 1 (after 5 min) and post-test 2 (after 60 min).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significantly lower JPS error was detected with SDS while JPS error increased in the SS and control conditions (p < 0.0001). MVIC force significantly increased with SDS and FDS but decreased in control and SS conditions (p < 0.0001). Moreover, a significant decrease in CMJ and SJ height in SS and control conditions was revealed (p < 0.0001). Also, a significant decrease in balance with the control condition was revealed. But only SDS minimized fatigue-induced balance decrements (p < 0.0001). Additionally, the control condition experienced a significant decrease in knee extensor ROM, which contrasted with the significant increase in the quadriceps flexibility with the stretching conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present results support the idea that SDS may increase quadriceps MVIC force, knee extensor ROM and knee JPS. So according to the present results, it is suggested that the SDS could be implemented and incorporated into a regular recovery program.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11312939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More substitutions changed team substitution strategy? An analysis of the FIFA World Cup 2002-2022.","authors":"Zheng Xiao, Hui Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00956-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00956-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increase in the number of substitutions allowed in football from three to five has profoundly influenced the game. The impact of the rule change on the FIFA World Cup needs further verification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2,151 team substitution opportunities and 2,410 substitutions in 384 matches from six FIFA World Cups (2002-2022) were analyzed to assess its impact. One-way ANOVA was used to assess differences in average substitution times among the six FIFA World Cups. Factors affecting the time of substitutions were explored using Generalized Linear Mixed Models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In each FIFA World Cup, over 92% of substitutions occurred during half-time and the second half, with a higher proportion in knockout stage matches than group stage matches. Group stage substitutions tended to happen earlier, particularly when teams were losing. As allowed substitutions increased, multiple substitutions in one opportunity rose from 4% to 38%. Of the 2,410 substitutions in the six FIFA World Cups, 21.45% were offensive, 63.65% were neutral and 14.90% were defensive. Winning teams made the highest percentage of defensive substitutions, while drawing or losing teams made the highest percentage of offensive substitutions. Match status significantly affected the time of the first three substitutions, and the presence of extra time significantly affected the time of the fourth substitution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Analysis of substitutions in FIFA World Cups (2002-2022) reveals: Most substitutions occur during halftime and the second half; Substitutions are earlier in group stages, especially for losing teams; Increased allowed substitutions lead to more multiple-player substitutions; Defensive substitutions are more common when winning, while offensive ones are frequent when drawing or losing; Match status, ranking gap, extra time, game round, and substitution rules significantly influence the time of team substitutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11308656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise intervention on balance function in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Junjian Xiao, Linghong Liu, Nan Tang, Chao Yi","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00922-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00922-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effectiveness of exercise intervention on postural balance, gait parameters, and muscle strength in children with cerebral palsy by quantifying the information from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematical search for RCTs from the databases, including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus using a between-group design involving children with cerebral palsy and assessing the effect of exercise intervention on postural balance, gait parameters, and muscle strength. The specified inclusion criteria were determined by the PICOS tool. The outcomes of included studies were evaluated by meta-analysis, and subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to analyze the observed heterogeneities using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata version 18.0. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) was used to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four studies were included in this meta-analysis, with 579 children with cerebral palsy. Exercise intervention showed a statistically significant favorable effect on gross motor function (SMD = 0.32; 95%CI [0.03 to 0.61]; I² = 16%), anteroposterior stability index (SMD = -0.93; 95%CI [-1.69 to -0.18]; I² = 80%), and mediolateral stability index (SMD = -0.60; 95%CI [-1.16 to -0.03]; I² = 73%) compared to control group among children with cerebral palsy. None of the above meta-analyses exhibited publication bias, as indicated by Egger's test with p-values greater than 0.05 for all.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exercise is effective in improving gross motor function and balance in children with cerebral palsy. Due to the lack of studies examining the efficacy of each exercise type, we are unable to provide definitive training recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11305018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of kneeling training in improving mobility and balance post-stroke.","authors":"Li Zhang, Jianguo Yang, Qiu Yang, Wenhan An, Daoqing Wang, Baojuan Cui","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00953-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00953-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fall prevention and balance control constitute critical components of rehabilitation for stroke survivors. Kneeling training, characterized by its low center of gravity focus, has been incorporated into rehabilitation regimens to enhance postural control across various pathological conditions. Despite its widespread use, empirical evidence substantiating the efficacy of kneeling training is limited, particularly in the context of mobility and balance improvement for patients who have had a stroke. This study aims to substantiate the safety and effectiveness of kneeling training in individuals recovering from stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial comparing kneeling training and conventional rehabilitation training was conducted, involving sixty-seven participants allocated to the Kneeling Training Group (KNT) and the Conventional Rehabilitation Group (CVR). The KNT group underwent 30-minute sessions of kneeling training, while the CVR group received conventional treadmill walking training, both administered six times per week over four weeks. Evaluation encompassed the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Lower Extremity (FMA-LE), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and gait analysis was conducted at baseline, as well as at the 2 and 4-week intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study established the safety of a 4-week kneeling training program. Notably, the KNT group exhibited more pronounced improvements in BBS scores at weeks 2 and 4 compared to the CVR group. However, no significant disparities emerged in FMA-LE and gait analysis between the two groups. Our findings suggest that kneeling training may serve as a viable option for enhancing lower limb balance in survivors who have had a stroke.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We conclude that kneeling training, characterized by its safety, simplicity, and no restrictions on location or equipment, represents a valuable therapeutic approach for enhancing walking balance in individuals recovering from stroke.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical trials ChiCTR1900028385, December 20, 2019.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11295609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141879649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of physical activity and soybean product consumption with psychological symptoms: a cross-sectional survey of Chinese university students.","authors":"Qin Qiu, Guangxin Chai, Mengjie Xu, Jingjing Xiao","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00952-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00952-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Declining physical activity among university students has become a concern, with increasingly poor dietary behaviors and other unfavorable factors having an impact on the occurrence of psychological symptoms. Previous studies have analyzed the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and psychological symptoms, but few studies have investigated the association between soy product consumption and these symptoms. In addition, the associations between physical activity and soy product consumption with psychological symptoms have not been investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 7267 university students from different regions of China were surveyed regarding physical activity, soy product consumption, and psychological symptoms. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the associations among MVPA, soy product consumption, and psychological symptoms. A generalized linear model (GLM) was applied to further analyze the associations of MVPA and soy product consumption with psychological symptoms in this population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The detection rate of psychological symptoms among Chinese university students was 17.9%, with the rate among female students (18.9%) higher than that among male students (16.6%). The proportion of university students with MVPA < 30 min/d, 30-60 min/d, and > 60 min/d was 76.1%, 19.3%, and 4.6%, respectively, and the proportion with soy product consumption ≤ 2 times/wk, 3-5 times/wk, and ≥ 5 times/wk was 25.8%, 42.4%, and 31.7%, respectively. The GLM showed that compared with university students who had MVPA < 30 min/d and soy product consumption ≤ 2 times/week, those with the lowest risk of developing psychological symptoms had MVPA > 60 min/d and soy product consumption ≥ 6 times/week (OR = 0.198, 95% CI: 0.100-0.393, P < 0.001). This group was followed by university students with MVPA > 60 min/d and soy product consumption 3-5 times/week (OR = 0.221, 95% CI: 0.102-0.479, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In terms of research, there is an association between physical activity and soy product consumption and psychological symptoms among university students. The results of our study suggest that integrated intervention for psychological symptoms among university students is needed from the perspectives of physical activity and dietary behavior to promote good mental health in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11282836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141767687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of an 8-week dynamic neuromuscular stabilization exercise on pain, functional disability, and quality of life in individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial with a two-month follow-up study.","authors":"Alireza Rabieezadeh, Reza Mahdavinejad, Morteza Sedehi, Meisam Adimi","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00948-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00948-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder and is considered one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, resulting in adverse health, social, and economic outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the effects and durability of 8-week Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) exercises on pain, functional disability, and quality of life in individuals aged 30 to 50 years with non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research employed a pre- and post-test design with a follow-up period, in which 29 participants (16 in the control group and 13 in the exercise group) remained until the end of the study. Pain intensity, functional disability, and quality of life were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index, and the SF-36 questionnaire, respectively, before intervention, immediately after, and two months post-intervention. The control group continued their routine daily activities, while the exercise group performed DNS exercises three times a week for 8 weeks. The data was analyzed using a mixed-design ANOVA (P ≤ 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed improvements in pain (F (2,24) = 5.31, P = 0.01, η² = 0.31), functional disability (F (2,24) = 4.17, P = 0.03, η² = 0.26), and quality of life (F (2,24) = 4.70, P = 0.02, η² = 0.28) in the exercise group at the Post-test compared to the Pre-test. However, the durability of the exercise effects at the follow-up assessment was not sustainable compared to the Post-test and Pre-test (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An 8-week period of DNS exercises can improve pain, functional disability, and quality of life in individuals with NSCLBP. However, a 2-month period of detraining can reduce the positive outcomes of these exercises.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The researchers retrospectively registered this trial on 21/04/2024, with the identifier IRCT20240107060646N1 in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) at the following address: https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir .</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11271024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the influence of leadership styles on psychological well-being and satisfaction of Pilates classes clients.","authors":"Youngmi Kim, Soowon Chae, Insuk Sim, Buom Kim","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00949-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00949-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The recent trend of increased indoor activities has significantly influenced daily life, enhancing the popularity of exercises like Pilates. This study explores how Pilates instructors' leadership styles affect class satisfaction and psychological well-being, addressing the research gap concerning the specific impact of leadership within the context of Pilates classes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study surveyed 388 participants from 39 Pilates studios across South Korea, utilizing a questionnaire to assess leadership styles (transformational, transactional, and servant leadership), class satisfaction, and psychological well-being. Using statistical analyses, leadership styles were assessed for their correlation with class satisfaction and psychological well-being.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed that transformational and transactional leadership styles were positively correlated with class satisfaction and psychological well-being. Specifically, transformational leadership significantly enhanced educational satisfaction and personal growth, while transactional leadership most strongly influenced social satisfaction and the sense of purpose in life. Servant leadership was notably effective in improving physical class satisfaction. The study also highlighted the critical role of class satisfaction in promoting psychological well-being among participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research underscores the importance of leadership styles in enhancing the Pilates class experience, suggesting that instructors' leadership approaches can significantly impact participants' satisfaction and psychological well-being. The study advocates developing training programs that equip Pilates instructors with the skills to adopt effective leadership styles, fostering a more positive and fulfilling class environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11265438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postural stability at activation and deactivation of the cochlear implant in adolescents with late lateral implantations: a quasi-experiment.","authors":"Anna Zwierzchowska, Eliza Gaweł, Agata Krużyńska, Kajetan J Słomka, Grzegorz Juras","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00950-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00950-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cochlear implantation (CI) surgery has become a prevalent method of hearing rehabilitation, since it has been acknowledged that it impacts effectively on the vestibular system. However, there is still no consensus among clinicians on the most appropriate age and area (lateral/bilateral) of CI surgery in terms of postural control. The present study aimed to assess the postural control in late lateral CI adolescents with different visual (eyes opened(EO)/eyes closed(EC)) and auditory (CI activated/deactivated) conditions and to build a theoretical model of postural control based on sensual compensatory mechanisms that are predominant in late CI individuals. It was hypothesized that kinesthetic sensation and exteroceptors of the superficial sensation are critical for neuromuscular control after late CI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental study protocol was used in this study to assess the postural stability performance in the studied adolescents with different visual and auditory perceptions. 27 adolescent students with hearing loss participated in the study. A force plate (Accu Gait AMTI) with computer software (NetForce) was used in the study to assess the postural stability with four different conditions(EO)/EC), CI activated/deactivated).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>vCOP was found to have a significant growing tendency within the conditions of CI activated/deactivated.No statistically significant relationships were noted between the range of the displacement of feet pressure (Area) and both the visual and auditory conditions. Hearing loss etiology was statistically significantly related to the values of vCOP, within the conditions of EO, CI activated/deactivated (p < 0.01), what did not occure with the condition of EC (p > 0.05). Neuromuscular control with the condition of EC x CI deactivated was found to be based on the kinesthetic-tactual compensatory model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Kinesthetic sensation and exteroceptors of the superficial sensation seem to be the predominant source of information to maintain postural control in late CI adolescents, regardless of the visual and auditory conditions. The etiology of hearing loss (congenital/acquired) can be a predictor of the values of the vCOP. In order to improve neuromuscular control in this population, it is recommended that the patients perform physical activity tasks, especially to develop core muscles, based on direct stimulation and rotational stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11265106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a 12-week intrinsic foot muscle strengthening training (STIFF) on gait in older adults: a parallel randomized controlled trial protocol.","authors":"Lydia Willemse, Eveline J M Wouters, Martijn F Pisters, Benedicte Vanwanseele","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00944-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00944-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Falling is highly prevalent among older adults and has serious impact. Age-induced mobility impairments, such as gait modifications, are strongly associated with increased fall risk. Among fall prevention interventions, those including exercises are most effective. However, there is an urgent need to further improve these kinds of interventions. Strengthening the plantar intrinsic foot muscles might benefit mobility in older adults, which may contribute to the reduction of fall risk. The aim of this paper is to provide a protocol to investigate the effect of a plantar intrinsic foot muscle strengthening training versus no training on gait and intrinsic foot muscle function in older adults who are involved in a functional exercise program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this assessor-blinded RCT, older adults (> 65 years) are recruited who are involved in a group-based functional exercise program. Eligibility criteria include: being able to ambulate 10 m barefoot without using a walking aid and reporting to have either fear of falling or experienced a fall in the previous 12 months or have difficulties with mobility, gait, or balance in daily life. Participants are randomly assigned to an intervention and a control group. The intervention group follows a 12-week plantar intrinsic foot muscle strengthening training. The training consists of isolated and functional foot exercises to be performed 5 times a week, each session lasting approximately 20 min. The training is supervised once a week and the intensity gradually increases based on the participant's progression. Both groups keep a diary to report physical activities, fall incidents and movement related discomfort. The control condition is limited to keeping this diary. Data are collected at baseline and post-intervention. The trial outcomes are the between group differences in the mean change from baseline in maximum gait speed (primary outcome measure), capacity and strength of the plantar intrinsic foot muscles, foot and ankle biomechanics during gait, and various other fall risk-related variables. ANCOVA's are used to analyze the trial outcomes.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results of this RCT will offer recommendations, related to plantar intrinsic foot muscle strengthening, to existing fall preventive exercise programs.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial is registered in the United States National Library of Medicine through ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05531136, 07/26/2022).</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the influence of hip isokinetic strength on lower extremity running kinematics in male national middle-distance runners: a correlational analysis.","authors":"Ozan Sever, Yunus Öztaşyonar, Halil İbrahim Ceylan, Bülent Okan Miçooğullari, Ryland Morgans, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00946-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00946-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between hip strength deficiency in various planes and musculoskeletal injuries within the movement system has been well-established in numerous studies. The present study sought to explore the relationships between hip strength and specific aspects of lower extremity running kinematics.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>To achieve this objective, the three-dimensional running kinematics of 21 male elite middle-distance runners (mean age: 19.7 ± 1.2 years; mean experience 6.5 ± 1.0 years) were assessed using nine high-speed cameras on a treadmill at a speed of 16 km·h⁻¹. Concurrently, isokinetic hip strength was measured at a speed of 60 deg·s⁻¹ in both the dominant and non-dominant legs. The Pearson correlation coefficient and Paired Samples t-test were utilized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While no significant differences were found in several isokinetic strength measurements, notable differences in running kinematics were observed. Specifically, pelvic drop at midstance (MS) was significantly lower in the DL (5.79 ± 3.00°) compared to the NDL (8.71 ± 1.39°) with a large effect size (t=-4.04, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.25). Additionally, knee adduction at maximum showed a moderate effect size difference, with the DL at 2.99 ± 1.13° and the NDL at 3.81 ± 1.76° (t=-2.74, p = 0.03, Cohen's d = 0.55). Results indicated a moderate to highly positive association between running knee adduction in the dominant leg and hip external rotation (r = 0.67, p < 0.05), concentric extension (r = 0.77, p < 0.05), and concentric abduction (r = 0.78, p < 0.05). Additionally, the running tibial external rotation angle in the dominant leg exhibited an inverse relationship with all strength measurements, with statistical significance observed only for concentric extension force (r=-0.68, p < 0.05). Furthermore, hip internal rotation force demonstrated a highly inverse correlation with foot pronation in the dominant leg (r=-0.70, p < 0.05) and anterior pelvic tilt in the non-dominant leg (r=-0.76, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the interrelation between hip strength and running kinematics, particularly on the dominant side. In light of these observations, it is imperative to consider hip strength exercises as integral components for correcting running kinematics. Coaches should also be mindful that kinematic deviations contributing to running injuries may manifest unilaterally or specifically in the dominant leg.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141727990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}