BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of frailty in geriatric patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation after cardiac procedure: results of a prospective, cross-sectional study.","authors":"Carolin Steinmetz, Laura Krause, Samra Sulejmanovic, Sabrina Kaumkötter, Johanneke Hartog, Bart Scheenstra, Flohr Stefan, Thomas Mengden, Clemens Grefe, Ernst Knoglinger, Nils Reiss, Birna Bjarnason-Wehrens, Thomas Schmidt, Monika Sadlonova, Christine A F von Arnim, Stephanie Heinemann","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00937-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00937-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frailty is an indicator of a decline in quality of life and functional capacity in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients. Currently, there is no standardized assessment tool for frailty used in CR. The aim of this study was to determine if the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is feasible for assessing frailty in CR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective, cross-sectional study within the framework of the ongoing multicenter prehabilitation study \"PRECOVERY\". Patients ≥75 years undergoing CR after cardiac procedure (n=122) were recruited in four German inpatient CR facilities. Assessments included: CFS, Katz-Index, hand grip strength (HGS), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and six-minute-walk test (6MWT). Outcomes were frailty (CFS≥4) and the correlation of frailty with assessments of functional capacity, activities of daily living and clinical parameters. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and correlations, using the spearman correlation coefficient and chi-square test to test for significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 101 patients (79.9±4.0 years; 63% male) were analyzed. The mean CFS score was 3.2±1.4; 41.6% were defined as frail (CFS≥4). The mean time required to assess the CFS was 0.20 minutes. The findings show that CFS correlates significantly (p<0.001) with the following factors: Katz-Index, HGS, SPPB-Score and 6MWT (r≤-0.575). In addition, CFS correlated with small to moderate effects with co-morbidities (r=0.250), as-needed medications and need for nursing assistance (r≤0.248).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CFS assessment can be performed in under one minute and it correlates significantly with assessments of functional capacity, activities of daily living and clinical parameters in the CR setting.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS; http:// www. drks. de; DRKS00032256). Retrospectively registered on 13 July 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141493991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No beneficial effect of aerobic whole-body electromyostimulation on lower limbs strength and power - a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Anne Krause, Christoph Centner, Moritz Walther, Daniel Memmert, Nicolas Walser, Ramona Ritzmann","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00931-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00931-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Applying whole-body electromyostimulation (wbEMS) to voluntary activation of the muscle is known to impact motor unit recruitment. Thus, wbEMS as an additional training stimulus enhances force-related capacities. This study aimed to evaluate the mono- and multiarticular strength adaptations to a running intervention with wbEMS compared to running without wbEMS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), 59 healthy participants (32 female/ 27 male, 41 ± 7 years) with minor running experience conducted an eight-week running intervention (2x/ week à 20 min) with a wbEMS suit (EG) or without wbEMS (control group, CG). Maximal isokinetic knee extensor and flexor strength and jump height during countermovement jumps were recorded prior and after the intervention to assess maximal strength and power.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following eight weeks of running, maximal isokinetic knee extension torque decreased significantly over time for both interventions (EG <math><mi>Δ</mi></math> -4%, CG <math><mi>Δ</mi></math> -4%; F(1, 44.14) = 5.96, p = 0.02, <math><mi>η</mi></math> = 0.12). No changes were observed for flexion torque (F(1, 43.20) = 3.93, p = 0.05, <math><mi>η</mi></math> = 0.08) or jump height (F(1, 43.04) = 0.32, p = 0.57, <math><mi>η</mi></math>  = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The outcomes indicate that there is no additional effect over neuromuscular function adaptations with the inclusion of wbEMS during running training. Knee extensor strength is even slightly reduced which supports the principle of training specificity in regards to strength adaptation. We conclude that strength improvements cannot be achieved by running with wbEMS.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>German Clinical Trials Register, ID DRKS00026827, date 10/26/21.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141494015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D levels and bone mineral density of middle-aged premenopausal female football and volleyball players in Japan: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Kimiko Sakamoto, Takayuki Miyamori, Yuki Someya, Masashi Nagao, Yoshihiko Ishihara, Yohei Kobayashi, Yu Shimasaki, Junko Imai, Takeshi Ono, Hiroshi Ikeda, Kohzo Tashima, Masafumi Yoshimura","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00938-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00938-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The number of football teams in senior categories has increased. As outdoor sports entail players being exposed to sunlight, playing football may contribute to maintaining vitamin D stores and body mineral density while preventing osteoporosis. This study aimed to determine the bone mineral density and vitamin D levels in middle-aged premenopausal female football players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were premenopausal females in their 40s. We evaluated bone mineral density of the second to the fourth lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) levels, which is an indicator of vitamin D stores, and body composition. In addition, we administered a questionnaire survey on exercise habits and lifestyle. Ninety-two participants were categorised into three groups: the football group (n = 27), volleyball group (n = 40), and non-exercise group (n = 25).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bone mineral density was higher in the football and volleyball groups than in the non-exercise group (P < 0.01). The volleyball group had a significantly higher bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck than the non-exercise group (P < 0.01). The football group had a significantly higher bone mineral density of the femoral neck than the non-exercise group (P < 0.01). Although the football group had played fewer years than the volleyball group (P < 0.01), serum 25-OHD levels were the highest in the football group and were significantly higher than those in the volleyball and non-exercise groups (P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Middle-aged premenopausal football players had higher body vitamin D levels and bone mineral densities than non-active females. These results suggest that playing football may contribute to the prevention of osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000054235. 2024/04/23. Retrospectively registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141494017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of resistance training vs static stretching on flexibility and maximal strength in healthy physically active adults, a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Morten Rosenfeldt, Nicolay Stien, David G Behm, Atle Hole Saeterbakken, Vidar Andersen","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00934-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-024-00934-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of resistance training through full range of motion and static stretching (SS) of the hip and lower back extensors on flexibility and strength in healthy, physically active, adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen participants (age: 24.2 ± 3.0 years, body mass: 71.3 ± 8.9 kg, height: 172.8 ± 7.5 cm) were randomly assigned to either a Resistance Training (RT) (n = 6), SS (n = 6), or control (CON) group (n = 6). The sit & reach (S&R) flexibility test and maximum isometric straight legged deadlift (ISLDL) at 95% and 50% range of motion (ROM) were tested pre- and post-intervention with significance set at p < 0.05. Both groups conducted four to eight sets per session. Within each set, the RT group performed eight repetitions each lasting four seconds, while the SS group stretched continuously for 32 s. The rest periods between each set were 60-90 s. Consequently training volume and rest times were matched between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RT and SS groups achieved significant, large magnitude improvements in the S&R test compared to the CON group (p < 0.01 g = 2.53 and p = 0.01, g = 2.44), but no differences were observed between the RT and SS groups (p = 1.00). Furthermore, the RT group demonstrated a larger improvement in 50% and 95% ROM ISLDL compared to SS (p < 0.01, g = 2.69-3.36) and CON (p < 0.01, g = 2.44-2.57).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Resistance training through a full ROM was equally effective as SS for improving S&R flexibility, but improved hip- and lower back extensor strength more than SS and the CON. The authors recommend using large ROM resistance training to improve hip and lower back extensor flexibility and muscle strength.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ISRCTN88839251, registered 24. April 2024, Retrospectively registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effects of Pilates, corrective exercises, and Alexander's technique on upper cross syndrome among adolescent girls student (ages 13-16): a six-week study.","authors":"Nesa Shadi, Karim Khalaghi, Mohammad Seyedahmadi","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00933-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-024-00933-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Upper Cross Syndrome is a pattern of muscle imbalance and postural dysfunction that can cause discomfort and pain. This study's objective was to compare the effects of Pilates exercises, corrective exercises, and Alexander's technique on upper cross syndrome in adolescent girls aged 13-16 years: a six-week intervention study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was Quasi-experimental, and its statistical population consisted of 13 to 16-year-old female students. Forty-five students who were diagnosed with upper cross syndrome were purposefully selected as samples and randomly assigned to three groups: Pilates exercises (N = 15), corrective exercises (N = 15), and Alexander's technique (N = 15). The participants performed exercises for 60 min per session, three sessions per week, and six weeks. This study's objective was to compare the effects of Pilates exercises, corrective exercises, and Alexander's technique on upper cross syndrome in adolescent girls aged 13-16 years: a six-week intervention study. This study was retrospectively registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) on 2023-09-19 to comply with the journal's policies. The assigned trial registration number is IRCT20230810059106N1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the dependent t-test showed significant decreases in forward head angle (p = 0.0001), rounded shoulder (p = 0.001), and kyphosis (p = 0.0001) as a result of corrective exercises. There were also significant decreases in forward head angle (p = 0.0001), rounded shoulder (p = 0.002), and kyphosis (p = 0.001) after six weeks of practising Alexander's technique. However, in the case of Pilates exercises, a significant decrease in forward head angle (p = 0.110), rounded shoulder (p = 0.598), and kyphosis (p = 0.371) was not observed. The one-way analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in the forward head angle (p = 0.012), rounded shoulders (p = 0.013), and kyphosis (p = 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The effect of Alexander's technique and corrective exercises on forward head angle, rounded shoulder, and kyphosis abnormalities was almost similar and more effective than pilates exercises.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11214212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test-retest reliability and validity of vagally-mediated heart rate variability to monitor internal training load in older adults: a within-subjects (repeated-measures) randomized study.","authors":"Patrick Manser, Eling D de Bruin","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00929-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00929-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vm-HRV) shows promise as a biomarker of internal training load (ITL) during exergame-based training or motor-cognitive training in general. This study evaluated the test-retest reliability of vm-HRV during exergaming in healthy older adults (HOA) and its validity to monitor ITL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A within-subjects (repeated-measures) randomized study was conducted that included baseline assessments and 4 measurement sessions. Participants played 5 exergames at 3 standardized levels of external task demands (i.e., \"easy\", \"challenging\", and \"excessive\") in random order for 90 s. Test-retest reliability was assessed on the basis of repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVA), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC_3,1), standard errors of measurement (SEM), and smallest detectable differences (SDD). Validity was determined by examining the effect of game level on vm-HRV in the ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourty-three HOA (67.0 ± 7.0 years; 58.1% females (25 females, 18 males); body mass index = 23.7 ± 3.0 kg·m^-2) were included. Mean R-R time intervals (mRR) and parasympathetic nervous system tone index (PNS-Index) exhibited mostly good to excellent relative test-retest reliability with no systematic error. Mean SEM% and SDD% were 36.4% and 100.7% for mRR, and 44.6% and 123.7% for PNS-Index, respectively. Significant differences in mRR and PNS-Index were observed between standardized levels of external task demands, with mostly large effect sizes (mean r = 0.847). These results persisted irrespective of the type of neurocognitive domain trained and when only motoric and cognitive demands were manipulated while physical intensity was kept constant. The remaining vm-HRV parameters showed inconsistent or poor reliability and validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Only mRR and PNS-Index demonstrated reliable measurement and served as valid biomarkers for ITL during exergaming at a group level. Nonetheless, the presence of large SEMs hampers the detection of individual changes over time and suggests insufficient precision of these measurements at the individual level. Future research should further investigate the reliability and validity of vm-HRV with a specific focus on comparing different measurement methodologies and exercise conditions, particularly focusing on ultra-short-term HRV measurements, and investigate the potential implications (i.e., superiority to other markers of ITL or monitoring strategies?) of using vm-HRV as a biomarker of ITL.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11210148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic factors for recurrent instability in recreational athletes following arthroscopic Bankart repair: a retrospective study with an average 4.1-year follow-up.","authors":"Chunsen Zhang, Songyun Yang, Jiapeng Wang, Wenze Shao, Yizhou Huang, Xin Tang","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00925-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00925-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extensive research has been conducted to investigate the short-term and long-term outcomes of arthroscopic Bankart repair, yielding varying results across different populations. However, there remains a dearth of studies specifically focused on evaluating outcomes in recreational athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case series study was conducted on recreational athletes who underwent isolated arthroscopic Bankart repair between 2013 and 2021. The primary outcome assessed was recurrent instability, defined as dislocation or subluxation. Secondary outcomes included patient satisfaction, rates of returning to the same sports (RTS) and RTS at preinjury level, and patient-reported outcomes. Evaluation of the Rowe score, Constant score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, and VAS pain score were performed. Prognostic factors for recurrent instability, including demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of the labrum were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 191 patients met the selection criteria, with 150 (78.5%) available for the final follow-up. Recurrent instability occurred in 10.7% of patients, with a mean follow-up duration of 4.1 years. Younger age at surgery and more critical glenoid bone loss were significantly associated with recurrent instability (p = .038 and p = .011, respectively). The satisfaction rate regarding surgery was 90.0%. Rates of return to the same sports (RTS) and RTS at preinjury level were 82.0% and 49.3%, respectively. Clinical outcomes measured at the final follow-up were as follows: Rowe score - 92.8; Constant score - 98.0; ASES score - 98.3; VAS pain score - 0.2. Patients with recurrent instability had significantly inferior outcomes in terms of satisfaction rate, RTS at preinjury level rate, Rowe score, and Constant score (p = .000, p = .039, p = .000, and p = .015, respectively). A total of thirty-seven patients underwent MRI examination six months after surgery in our institution. The T2-weighted anterior labrum morphology was found to be poorer in patients with recurrent instability. No significant difference was observed between patients with or without recurrent instability in terms of anterior Slope, anterior labral glenoid height index (LGHI), inferior Slope, inferior LGHI, and T2-weighted inferior labrum morphology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Arthroscopic Bankart repair can yield satisfactory medium-term outcomes for recreational athletes. Younger age at surgery, more critical glenoid bone loss, and poorer T2-weighted anterior labrum morphology assessed six months postoperatively were significantly associated with recurrent instability.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11194893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High school rugby coaches' knowledge and opinions of concussion in Kwa-Zulu Natal province in South Africa: an ecological cross-sectional study.","authors":"Daniel Garnett, Saul Cobbing, Carel Viljoen, Jon Patricios","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00930-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00930-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Concussions in Rugby Union are common with an increased risk to adolescent players. Coaches are key to injury prevention and a greater understanding of their knowledge and sentiments may guide future initiatives. There is a lack of data on rugby coaches, especially in South Africa. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and opinions of high school rugby coaches regarding concussion management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study of 37 high school rugby coaches in South Africa, was conducted via a self-reported questionnaire. Concussion knowledge was scored for correct answers only with closed-question scaling methods to measure the importance of items of concussion management using a graphical rating scale. An attitude scale (Likert) was used to assess self-reported opinions and behaviours. Associations were calculated for participant characteristics and overall concussion injury knowledge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More participants showed good overall knowledge of ≥ 75% (n = 22, 59% vs. n = 15, 40%), especially those with greater coaching experience (p = 0.021). Player welfare was perceived more important than player performance (185 vs. 164), with concussion prevention most important (184 of 185). Appealing characteristics of an injury prevention programme were the improvement of player skill (173, SD ± 0.75, mean 4.68), being adaptable (171, ± 0.86, 4.62), and being completed in the warm-up (167, ± 0.93, 4.51). The biggest perceived barriers were duration (138, ± 1.59, mean 3.73), effort (130, ± 1.56, 3.51), compliance and lack of knowledge (both 127, ± 1.68, 3.43).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results support the implementation of ongoing concussion education for rugby coaches and identify areas for promoting awareness and knowledge of concussion injury prevention, identification, and specific management of younger athletes. Appealing characteristics and barriers are highlighted and may allow for improved implementation and adherence to concussion prevention programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11194973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of regular winter swimming on blood morphological, rheological, and biochemical indicators and activity of antioxidant enzymes in males.","authors":"Aneta Teległów, Kamil Konieczny, Ignacy Dobija, Justyna Kuśmierczyk, Łukasz Tota, Konrad Rembiasz, Marcin Maciejczyk","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00932-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00932-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exposure of the human body to cold water triggers numerous beneficial physiological changes. The study aimed to assess the impact of regular winter swimming on blood morphological, rheological, and biochemical indicators and activity of antioxidant enzymes in males.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 10 male winter swimmers (the same participants examined before the season and after the season) and 13 males (not winter swimming, leading a sedentary lifestyle) in the control group. Fasting blood was collected twice: in November and in March of the following year. Basic blood morphological indicators, red cell elongation index (EI) and aggregation index (AI), concentrations of testosterone, cortisol, urea, and creatinine, as well as plasma activity of antioxidant enzymes of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data were collected from the same winter swimmers at the beginning and end of the season. Winter swimming resulted in a significant increase of EI values at a shear stress of 0.30 (p = 0.40), 0.58 (p < 0.001), 4.24 (p = 0.021), 8.23 (p = 0.001), 15.59 (p = 0.001), 30.94 (p = 0.004), and 60.00 Pa (p = 0.043); haemoglobin was lower than before the season (p < 0.027). No significant changes were observed in AI, AMP, T1/2, the levels of urea, creatinine, eGFR, testosterone, cortisol, or the activity of CAT or SOD. There was a statistically significant increase in GPx activity (p = 0.014) and increase in testosterone concentration (p = 0.035) in the group of winter swimmers examined before the season as compared with the control group. No statistically significant differences were found for the mean values of blood morphological indicators and other parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Winter swimming can prove to be a health-promoting factor in males, as indicated by a rise in the deformability of red blood cells in the blood vessel system after a full season of winter swimming, leading to better body oxygenation, and improves the antioxidant defence and testosterone concentration (within standard limits) in the group of winter swimmers examined before the season as compared with the control group. Winter swimming helps maintain appropriate levels of blood rheological indicators, urea, creatinine, eGFR, cortisol, testosterone, and activity of antioxidant enzymes.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT06223087, 15.01.2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11191169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the hormonal and inflammatory profile of young sprint- and endurance-trained athletes following a sports camp: a nonrandomized pretest-posttest study.","authors":"Joanna Ostapiuk-Karolczuk, Anna Kasperska, Hanna Dziewiecka, Mirosława Cieślicka, Monika Zawadka-Kunikowska, Izabela Zaleska-Posmyk","doi":"10.1186/s13102-024-00924-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-024-00924-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study aimed to compare catecholamine, cortisol, and immune response in sprint- and endurance-trained athletes under the same training, aiming to observe if their sport specialization affects these markers during a 9-day training camp.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved twenty-four young male (age 15.7 ± 1.6 years) and female (age 15.1 ± 1,3 years) athletes specializing in sprint and endurance athletics discipline. Blood samples for all measured parameters were taken at rested baseline, on the 4th day, and on the 9th day of training.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both investigated groups a nonsignificant decrease in catecholamine levels was observed after 4 days of training, which remained stable throughout the camp. The cortisol level increased significantly in both athlete groups (sprint: T-0 vs. T-1 p = 0.0491; T-0 vs. T-3 p = 0.0001; endurance: T-0 vs. T-1 p = 0.0159; T-0 vs. T-3 p = 0.0005). The level of hs-CRP (sprint: T-0 vs. T-1 p = 0.0005; T-0 vs. T-3 p = 0.0001; endurance: T-0 vs. T-3 p = 0.0005), and myoglobin (sprint: T-0 vs. T-1 p = 0.0014; T-0 vs. T-3 p = 0.0001; endurance: T-0 vs. T-3 p = 0.0005) have increased and of hs-CRP and myoglobin level was significantly higher in sprint compared to endurance athletes (p < 0.05). The leukocyte level significantly decreased until the end of camp in both groups (sprint: T-0 vs. T-1 p = 0.0178; T-0 vs. T-3 p = 0.0175; endurance: T-0 vs. T-1 p = 0.0362; T-0 vs. T-3 p = 0.0362).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The applied training loads had a strong physiological impact leading to changes in stress hormones and immune responses depending on athletes` sport specialization. Training loads caused stronger responses in sprint athletes. However, both groups showed signs of severe fatigue development.</p><p><strong>Trial registry: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT06150105, retrospectively registered on 29.11.2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"16 1","pages":"136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11188159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}