BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa and association with mental health among Palestinian physical education students - cross sectional study.","authors":"Fatima Masoud Al-Amouri, Rania Abualhaija, Mahmoud Al Atrash, Reem Abu Alwafa, Mohammad AlTamimi, Manal Badrasawi","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01343-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-025-01343-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eating disorders such as orthorexia nervosa (OrNe) are expected to be prevalent among athletes due to the pressure of high physical performance. Consequently, this will have an impact on their mental health. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of OrNe among student athletes and its relationship with mental health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 272 physical education students was randomly selected to participate in the study. The Arabic Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) was used for OrNe assessment. Mental status was measured using the Arabic version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The responses of 272 individuals aged 20.93 ± 3.26 were included in the final analysis. Males represented 45.6%; most of the participants were healthy, non-smokers, not on a diet and having normal weight. Males' mean OrNe scores were higher and significantly different (p = .013) from females' at 9.34 ± 5.21 and 7.86 ± 5.96, respectively. The healthy orthorexia (HeOr) scores for all individuals in this study were 10.81 ± 5.45. While the mean GHQ-12 scores for all participants were 11.55 ± 5.96, with no significant differences between males and females. Moreover, sociodemographic factors have no significant association with OrNe except for sport type, number, and years of playing sports (p < .01). On the other hand, dietary behaviors and BMI scores were significantly associated with OrNe scores (p < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A relatively low prevalence of OrNe was found among the physical education students, with males representing a significantly higher prevalence of OrNe, while mental distress showed no significant link with OrNe. Also, BMI and dietary behaviors were significantly related to OrNe. The findings of this study are essential for informing prevention strategies and targeted interventions within universities and sports communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing position-specific preparation: Long-term pre-match warm-up external load analysis using micro-sensor integrated LPS in elite female volleyball players.","authors":"Emre Altundağ, Elif Cengizel, Cengiz Akarçeşme, Gioavanni Miale","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01365-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-025-01365-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although it is known that determining the external loads during matches and training is essential for coaches to understand game demands, optimize and specify players' performance, or avoid overtraining or overload scenarios, it has been observed that the pre-match warm-up external load is neglected. The aims of this study were (i) assess the pre-match warm-up external load for female volleyball players and (ii) compare this load by player position.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>External loads (total distance, jump count, acceleration (ACC), deceleration (DEC), ACC_max, DEC_max, ACC/min, speed_max, metabolic load) of fourteen elite female volleyball players during pre-match warm-up were monitored with Local Positioning System (LPS) for a season and separated according to player positions (libero (L), outside hitter (OH), opposite (OPP), middle blocker (MB), setter (S)).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elite female volleyball players performed 888.1-1078.5 m total distance, 15.9-85.3 jumps (excluding L: 7.6 jumps), 18.5-31.8 ACC and 10.4-28.2 DEC counts, 13.1-15.3 m.sec^- 1 speed_max and 214.2-406.0 m metabolic load during the pre-match warm-up. While S had significantly higher total distance, jump count, ACC and DEC count, ACC_max, ACC/min and speed_max (η²: large, p < .001), OH and OPP had the highest metabolic load (η²: large, p < .001). L had significantly higher ACC_max and DEC_max, speed_max data accompanied by significantly lower total distance, ACC count and metabolic load (η²: large, p < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>External load metrics during pre-match warm-up in female volleyball players showed clear positional differences. These findings highlight the need for coaches and strength and conditioning professionals to design role-specific warm-up strategies that reflect the physical demands of each position. By tailoring pre-match preparation in this way, practitioners may better optimize readiness, reduce the risk of fatigue or overload, and improve subsequent match performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing knowledge and attitudes towards sports-related concussion among university students in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sarah Bajuaifer, Bodor Bin Sheeha, Reem M Alwhaibi, Abdulaziz A Alkathiry, Abdulaziz Alomereni, Michael J Grey","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01353-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01353-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sports-related concussions (SRC) are a significant public health concern, especially among younger athletes. SRCs can lead to prolonged symptoms that interfere with academic performance and are frequently underreported, particularly in regions with limited awareness. This study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes towards concussions among university students in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 425 university students in Saudi Arabia. The Arabic version of the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey (RoCKAS-ST-A) was used to assess students' understanding of concussion symptoms and their attitudes towards concussion safety. Chi-square tests were used to analyse associations between sex, sports participation, and previous concussion education with the Concussion Knowledge Index (CKI) and Concussion Attitude Index (CAI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>38% of students demonstrated very high knowledge of concussion symptoms, while 48% showed moderate to high knowledge levels. 14% had limited awareness, with particular difficulty identifying symptoms such as sensitivity to light and \"feeling in a fog.\" Chi-square analyses revealed significant associations between CKI scores and sex (φ = 0.154, p = 0.018) and sports participation (φ = 0.180, p = 0.003). CAI scores were significantly associated with sports participation (φ = 0.163, p = 0.010). Most students expressed cautious attitudes about concussions, but over 60% indicated they would continue playing sport even if experiencing symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although university students in Saudi Arabia generally have good knowledge and attitudes towards concussion, there are notable gaps in symptom recognition and safe concussion behaviours. These findings highlight the need for targeted, region-specific concussion education programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12538858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservative treatment of patellofemoral pain: effectiveness of strength exercises compared to other treatments. a systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Mattia Morri, Angela Contri, Vincenzo Peccerillo, Enrico Venturini, Clizia Guerrini, Ilaria Berardo, Riccardo Ruisi","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01297-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01297-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of strengthening exercise compared to other conservative treatment methods to reduce pain and improve functional abilities for patellofemoral pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MEDLINE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Embase were the databases consulted from inception until June 2024. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included with patients diagnosed with patellofemoral pain, adolescents over 16 years of age and adults up to 44 years of age, athletes and non-athletes, regardless of gender, and in which pain recorded at 4-6 weeks or 8-12 weeks follow-up was the primary outcome. Functional evaluation scales of the knee as the Anterior Knee Pain Scale, with a follow-up of 8-12 weeks or 6 months were secondary outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Database search yielded a total of 1,654 papers and 12 papers were included. The meta-analysis on the change in pre- and post-treatment pain at 4-6 weeks and 8-12 weeks showed an average reduction of -1.44 (CI. -2.20; -0.67) for 601 patients included and  -0.8 (CI -1.23;  -0.37) in favour of the intervention group with exercises for 719 patients. In subgroup analysis performed for woman population, the mean difference in pain reduction was  -2.81 (CI -4.39; -1.23). At 8-12 weeks, standardized mean difference for functional outcomes, in pre-post treatment variation between the two groups was 0.08 (CI -0.07; 0.24) in favour of the intervention for 685 patients included. A very low and low level of certainty of the evidence was recorded based on Risk of Bias analysis and GRADE method.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A positive effect in the use of muscle strengthening strategies in the treatment of patellofemoral pain was highlighted, albeit with a low level of certainty of the results. Women benefit most from treatment with strengthening exercises.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-school resistance training improves physical fitness in pubertal girls: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Jiaqian Wan, Zhe Li, Ruiqing Sun, Jiamin Gu, Yuzhang Li, Qingwen Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01351-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01351-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical fitness is a powerful marker of current and future health in children and adolescents. However, global reports have long documented a persistent decline, with an even greater decline among girls. This study aimed to examine the impact of school-based resistance training (RT) on physical fitness and body composition in pubertal girls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial was conducted over eight weeks, with sessions held three times a week. RT program was conducted during physical education classes. A total of 79 girls from four schools were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control group (CON, n = 21), traditional strength training group (TST, n = 20), plyometric training group (PT, n = 19), and combined training group (CT, n = 19). Pre- and post-intervention assessments were performed by evaluating body composition, musculoskeletal fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness, speed and agility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements were observed in TST for push-ups, 1 min sit-ups, standing long jump (SLJ) and 50 m sprint (p < 0.05). PT and CT groups displayed valuable improvement in push-ups, SLJ, 50 m sprint and Illinois changes of direction test (p < 0.05). Notably, CT yielded a significant increase in the 20 m shuttle run test (p < 0.001). However, non-significant changes in body composition were observed across intervention groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RT program implemented during physical education classes was effective in improving physical fitness. Each RT modalities offering unique advantages.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>ChiCTR2500103789; Retrospectively registered on 5/6/2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From load monitoring to training decisions: a practical approach using drop jump metrics in semi-professional soccer.","authors":"A Sierra-Casas, J A Rodríguez-Marroyo, D Castillo, J Gutiérrez-Arroyo, A Rodríguez-Fernández","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01356-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01356-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Soccer performance involves frequent high-intensity efforts and often insufficient recovery, making neuromuscular fatigue a critical factor in player monitoring. The drop jump (DJ) test, particularly the reactive strength index (RSI), has gained attention as a practical tool for assessing neuromuscular readiness. This study examined the relationship between accumulated external training load and neuromuscular status, assessed via DJ-derived metrics, in semi-professional soccer players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen semi-professional outfield players (20.7 ± 1.4 years) were monitored over a 30-week competitive season, including 144 training sessions and 30 official matches. External load was tracked using 10 Hz Global Positioning System (GPS) devices. Neuromuscular performance was assessed weekly via the DJ test, measuring RSI, contact time (CT), and jump height (JH) with Optojump. Repeated-measures ANOVA evaluated longitudinal changes, and individual correlations were calculated across acute (7-day), chronic (28-day), and acute: chronic workload ratio periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>External load metrics varied significantly across microcycles, whereas DJ performance metrics remained stable at the group level. However, individual-level analyses revealed significant associations between external load and DJ-derived metrics (particularly between accelerations, decelerations, and high metabolic load distance with CT and JH) in both acute and chronic windows.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neuromuscular responses to external training load appear highly individual among semi-professional soccer players. RSI and its components (CT and JH) should be interpreted separately to enhance decision-making regarding training and recovery. A multi-metric, individualized monitoring approach is recommended to optimize performance and reduce injury risk.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of oxygen saturation and heart rate levels of female freestyle wrestlers according to the physiological load created by the competition.","authors":"Erhan Kara, Serkan Aydın, Esma Akkaya","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01373-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01373-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂) and heart rate (HR) levels of female freestyle wrestlers according to the physiological load created by the competition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 26 volunteer participants (mean age 11.54 ± 0.50 years, mean height 157.23 ± 8.91 cm, mean body weight 49.99 ± 12.51 kg, mean BMI 19.96 ± 3.22 kg/m²) were included. SpO₂ and HR were measured by digital pulse oximetry before and after the wrestling competition. The data were analysed via the IBM SPSS 21 package program. The normality of distributions and homogeneity of variances were determined via the Shapiro‒Wilks test. Descriptive statistics and dependent sample t tests were performed to compare the data of the participants. The significance level was determined as p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the statistical analyses, no significant difference was found between the pretest and posttest SpO₂ values (p > 0.05). However, a highly significant difference was observed between the pretest and posttest HR values (p < 0.01). The mean SpO₂ was 96.96 ± 3.60%, the mean HR was 120.58 ± 16.06 bpm, the mean SpO₂ was 99.50% ± 3.20%, and the mean HR was 150.46 ± 24.89 bpm. There was a significant increase in HR after the wrestling competition, but SpO₂ levels did not significantly change.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that wrestling competition significantly increased the HR but did not significantly affect the SpO₂ levels. The results emphasize the effects of intense sporting activities, such as wrestling, on HR, whereas no significant change in the SpO₂ level was detected.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction in reaction time and improved oculomotor function following football-specific vision training in young players.","authors":"Tommaso Piva, Valentina Zerbini, Anna Barducco, Silvia Mancioppi, Andrea Raisi, Matteo Vassali, Gianluca Bianchini, Matteo Laporta, Erica Menegatti, Giovanni Grazzi, Gianni Mazzoni, Simona Mandini","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01368-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01368-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Visuomotor skills play a critical role in football performance, supporting players' ability to perceive, decide, and act effectively in dynamic environments. Although Sport Vision Training (SVT) has shown potential to improve visual and perceptual-motor abilities, the evidence remains mixed and limited by methodological variability. Cost and accessibility also represent practical challenges. This study evaluates the impact of an 8-week field-based SVT protocol on visuomotor reaction time (VMRT) and oculomotor function in young recreational football players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 35 football players (Under-12 and Under-13) participated in this quasi-experimental study. Participants underwent baseline orthoptic evaluations to ensure normal visual function. VMRT was assessed using BlazePod^® devices, and oculomotor function was evaluated using the Northeastern State University College of Optometry (NSUCO) test. The SVT intervention was conducted twice weekly for8 weeks, integrated into football training. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) and cumulative link models (CLMMs) were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements were observed in VMRT for upper-limb tasks (p < 0.001), while lower-limb reaction times showed no significant change. Oculomotor performance improved, particularly in saccadic precision (p = 0.02) and reduction of body and head movement during saccadic tasks (p < 0.001). No significant improvements were found in pursuit movement accuracy (p = 0.37).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The field-based SVT protocol was associated with improvements in upper-limb VMRT and specific oculomotor functions in young footballers. While these findings suggest that sport-specific SVT may enhance key visual-motor skills relevant to football performance, the quasi-experimental design limits causal interpretations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of external and internal loads in preparation male volleyball and beach volleyball matches.","authors":"Bruno Figueira, Artūr Vincėlovič, Nuno Batalha, Rūtenis Paulauskas","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01302-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01302-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study analyzed external and internal load demands in preparation volleyball and beach volleyball matches.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twelve national-level male players (age = 21.9 ± 2.9 years, height = 188.7 ± 7.7 cm, body mass 83.7 ± 7.7 kg) participated in three beach volleyball and one indoor volleyball sessions. External loads-including total distance covered, movement speed zones, high-intensity accelerations and decelerations, and jump counts by height-were assessed using VXSport (Omni) inertial units.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>External loads showed no significant differences except for higher jump counts (< 20 cm) in beach volleyball. However, beach volleyball elicited greater physiological responses, including higher average and peak heart rates, increased time in the 90-100% heart rate maximum zone, and elevated energy consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings emphasize the impact of environmental constraints, such as sand surfaces, on amplifying internal workloads. The results highlight the need for tailored training programs addressing the specific demands of each volleyball format. Additionally, this research provides benchmarks for designing targeted exercises, improving real-time monitoring, and enhancing sport-specific conditioning strategies. By exploring biomechanical and physiological distinctions between volleyball and beach volleyball, the study contributes to optimizing athlete performance and guiding sports training methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12522762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145294113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise alone or combined with dietary restriction on leptin and adiponectin in overweight or obese individuals: a network meta-analysis.","authors":"Xianyang Xin, Yongqing Guo, Longyan Liu, Qinzheng Liu, Jun Xie","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01316-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01316-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects and ranking of different exercise modalities, with or without dietary restriction, on adipokine levels (leptin and adiponectin) in overweight and obese individuals. Additionally, the independent contribution of dietary restriction to adipokine level improvement was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 2000 and November 2024 was conducted in Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed to integrate the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 87 RCTs were included. The regulatory effects of different exercise modalities and their combinations with dietary restriction on adipokine levels varied. Nearly all interventions reduced leptin levels and increased adiponectin levels. Among them, dietary restriction combined with resistance training (D + RT) exhibited the most significant effect on reducing leptin levels. Regarding adiponectin, dietary restriction combined with combined exercise (D + COM) showed the greatest improvement. Notably, dietary restriction combined with exercise (D + Ex) was more effective in reducing leptin levels, whereas the mechanisms underlying adiponectin enhancement were more complex, suggesting that HIIT, RT, and COM alone may be preferable choices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exercise interventions, particularly when combined with dietary restriction, are more effective in reducing leptin levels, while HIIT, COM, and RT alone appear to be more effective in increasing adiponectin levels. These findings provide scientific evidence for personalized obesity management strategies and highlight the synergistic role of exercise and dietary restriction in adipokine regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12523059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145294149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}