BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Effects of isolated gastrocnemius tightness on foot posture, strength, function, and balance in children aged 7-16: a case-control study.","authors":"Fatma Eren-Zengin, Deniz Tuncer, Hakan Senaran, Gokcer Uzer","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01210-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-025-01210-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Isolated gastrocnemius tightness (IGT) has been linked to foot conditions, but its clinical relevance in children remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate foot posture, muscle strength, functional performance, and postural control in children with IGT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fourteen children diagnosed with IGT, defined as having passive ankle dorsiflexion < 10° with the knee extended and ≥ 10° with the knee flexed according to the Silfverskiold test, and 14 age-matched children without IGT were included in the study. Foot posture was assessed using the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6), while lower extremity muscle strength was measured with a MicroFET2 handheld dynamometer. Functional performance was evaluated through single-leg and double-leg horizontal jump tests, and postural control was analyzed using the Biodex Balance System (BBS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with IGT exhibited significantly poorer foot posture and ankle mobility compared to healthy controls, with very large effect sizes in foot posture index (FPI-6; d = 3.59 right, 3.31 left) and dorsiflexion range (e.g., active dorsiflexion in knee extension: 0.21° vs. 19.14°, d = 3.59). Muscle strength was also lower, particularly in the iliopsoas (right: 8.16 vs. 10.76 kgf, d = -1.24) and gluteus maximus (left: 8.71 vs. 11.42 kgf, d = -1.30). In functional assessments, the IGT group performed worse in horizontal jump tests, with reduced distances in both double-leg (126.10 vs. 142.75 cm, d = -0.50) and single-leg jumps (103.82 vs. 136.00 cm, d = -0.98). BBS data showed impaired postural stability (e.g., overall stability index: 0.76 vs. 0.43, d = 0.90) and lower limits of stability scores, especially in backward (37.79 vs. 66.00, d = -1.27) and diagonal directions (e.g., backward/left: 43.07 vs. 63.50, d = -1.08). Furthermore, sway scores were higher in the IGT group during the sensory organization test, particularly under eyes open/firm surface (0.89 vs. 0.52, d = 1.12) and foam conditions, indicating balance deficits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children with IGT exhibit notable impairments in foot posture, muscle strength, functional performance, and postural control compared to their healthy peers. These findings underscore the need for further research to confirm the observed associations in children with IGT and may help guide early identification efforts and the development of future intervention strategies aimed at improving functional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT06363136 Registration date: 04.09.2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new lens on football match intensity: from the most demanding passage to extremely demanding passage.","authors":"Zunqi Niu, Jingyun Yang, Jiewei Long, Xinyi Zhang, Zhaoyang Wang, Iyán Iván-Baragaño, Hongyou Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01354-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-025-01354-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines positional differences in physical and technical performance during the extremely demanding passage (EDP) in the Chinese Super League (CSL), using a 5-minute time window and a high-intensity running (HIR) threshold of ≥ 19.8 km/h. Data from 176 matches (n = 109 players, 438 observations) in the 2019 season were analysed using generalised mixed linear models. Results showed that: (1) The mean HIR distance during the EDP was 50%-60% higher than during the most demanding passage (MDP). (2) During the EDP, central defenders (CD) achieved the fewest total distance (695 ± 51 m) and HIR distance (251 ± 15 m) but excelled in ball control metrics, including the longest running with the ball average length (6.9 ± 8.7 m) and the highest forward passes (1.5 ± 1.2). (3) Central midfielders (CM) covered the most total distance (796 ± 46 m) and HIR distance (343 ± 27 m). These findings underscore the specific physical and technical demands of CDs and CMs compared to other positions during the EDP, necessitating role-specific strategies to optimise performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the experiences and rehabilitation needs of patients with coronary artery diseases: an effort to design a contextual home-based cardiac rehabilitation through a qualitative enquiry.","authors":"Adnan Yaqoob, Laila Ladak, Aamir Hameed Khan, Asif Hanif, Wajeeha Sahar, Furqan Yaqub Pannu, Rubina Barolia","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01288-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01288-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a major global public health concern, accounting for a considerable portion of the burden of morbidity and mortality. The CAD in Pakistan imposes a substantial economic and social burden on individuals, families, and the healthcare system. Despite advances in medical interventions and therapies, comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programs in Pakistan remain underdeveloped and inaccessible to many patients, particularly those residing in rural or underserved areas.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to explore the experiences and rehabilitation needs of Pakistani patients with heart disease in helping to design contextual home-based cardiac rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the data saturation, 20 individuals were interviewed using a qualitative descriptive exploratory approach. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews that lasted 40 to 50 min were used to gather the data. Thematic analysis was performed using an inductive coding approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five major themes with 24 subthemes emerged from the data: (1) Understanding of Heart Disease which revealed limited awareness and prevalent misconceptions; (2) Cardiac Anxiety which showed emotional distress, fear of recurrence, and financial concerns; (3) Challenges Faced by Patients which included difficulties with follow-up, family resistance to physical activity, dietary modifications, medication adherence, and gendered recovery experiences; (4) Difficulties for Behaviour Change which showed ongoing unhealthy habits and skepticism toward lifestyle modification; and (5) Patient Readiness for Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation which reflected openness to behavior change, preference for telephonic guidance, and the need for culturally tailored support and family involvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights significant gaps in awareness, emotional and behavioral challenges, and sociocultural barriers influencing recovery after myocardial infarction. Participants expressed readiness for a flexible, family-inclusive, and home-based cardiac rehabilitation model. These insights provide essential direction for developing a culturally sensitive and contextually appropriate cardiac rehabilitation program in Pakistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A nexus among sports education, psychological well-being, social development, strategic capacity, and environmental awareness in China.","authors":"Xinrui Yang, Jia Tian, Ghulam Rasool Madni","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01290-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01290-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sports education is an important factor of psychological well-being, cognitive focus and social development but this aspect is very little discussed in the literature, especially in case of China. This study aims to find the relationship among sports education, psychological well-being, social development, strategic capacity, and environmental awareness in China. Moreover, the mediating role of psychological well-being and strategic capacity is also explored. Data were collected from 869 Chinese individuals using a structured questionnaire based on previously validated Likert-scale instruments measuring six constructs: sports education, psychological well-being, social development, cognitive focus, strategic capacity, and environmental awareness. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied for empirical analysis. The results reveal that sports education has a significant positive effect on social development (β = 0.431, p < 0.01), psychological well-being (β = 0.401, p < 0.01), environmental awareness (β = 0.485, p < 0.01), cognitive focus (β = 0.452, p < 0.01), strategic capacity (β = 0.447, p < 0.01). Moreover, psychological well-being significantly mediates the relationship between sports education and cognitive focus (indirect effect β = 0.475, p < 0.01), suggesting that improved emotional stability and mental resilience foster enhanced cognitive functioning among individuals engaged in sports. Additionally, strategic capacity significantly mediates the relationship between sports education and social development (indirect effect β = 0.415, p < 0.01), indicating that individuals with higher strategic thinking skills derive greater social benefits from sports participation. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers and sports organizations seeking to maximize the benefits of sports education in promoting psychological well-being, social development, and strategic capacity in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic neuromuscular stabilization, balance, and conventional training for chronic ankle instability in amateur athletes: a randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Sevval Yesilkir, Gizem Ergezen Sahin","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01319-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01319-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the effects of three distinct rehabilitation approaches, namely Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) training, balance training and conventional physiotherapy, on neuromuscular control and functional performance in amateur athletes with chronic ankle instability (CAI).</p><p><strong>Trial design and framework: </strong>A single-blind, parallel-group randomized controlled trial with a superiority framework was conducted.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Amateur athletes with chronic ankle instability were recruited from sports clinics in Istanbul. A total of 40 participants (18 males, 22 females) from football, gymnastics, rowing, taekwondo, tennis, volleyball, and swimming were randomly assigned (1:1:1) using a computer-generated permuted block design to DNS training (DNSG) (n = 13), balance training (BTG) (n = 14), or conventional training (CTG) (n = 13). Interventions were delivered three times per week for six weeks. DNS involved breathing-centered stabilization exercises; balance training included structured proprioceptive and vestibular tasks; and conventional training used standard strength and posture control exercises. Outcome assessors were blinded, while participants and therapist were not.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of thirty-six participants completed the trial, with the following group distributions: DNSG (n = 12), BTG (n = 13), and CTG (n = 11). Both DNSG and BTG showed significantly greater improvements than the CTG across all outcome measures (p < 0.001), with large effect sizes (FAAM-ADL η²=0.97; YBT-A η²=0.92; SHT η²=0.95). DNS was significant in postural control (p = 0.01), while balance training showed greater improvements in reaction time (RT) (p = 0.02). No significant between-group differences were observed in CAIT scores, though DNSG and BTG demonstrated large within-group improvements. No serious harms or adverse events were reported in any of the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DNS and balance training are more effective than conventional physiotherapy in improving neuromuscular function, postural control, and performance in amateur athletes with CAI. These interventions offer complementary benefits and may be integrated into targeted rehabilitation protocols to optimize outcomes and support return-to-sport strategies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical trial approval was obtained at https://www.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov/ , and the registration status was made publicly available with the number of NCT06296537 on February 29, 2024. The registry record can be accessed at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06296537 . As of the time of writing, the results have not yet been published on the registry.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12486776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR) for predicting sports injury risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Wenlong Qin, Rong Li, Liang Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01332-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01332-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of single-arm acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR) in predicting sports injuries through an evidence-based approach and to provide references for injury prevention, physical training and training load management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cohort studies on ACWR were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, CNKI, and Wanfang, covering the period from the inception of the databases to February 15, 2025. The quality of the included literature was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and a meta-analysis was conducted using Stata (version18.0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 22 single-arm cohort studies reporting injury incidence by ACWR category were included. Methodological quality assessment identified 16 high-quality (≥ 7 points) and 6 moderate-quality (4-6 points) indicating an overall high quality of the included research. The results of the Meta subgroup analysis showed that the injury incidence in tissue structures was 79% (95% CI [0.67; 0.89]), the injury incidence in the legs was 73% (95% CI [0.57; 0.86]). Additionally, the injury incidence in soccer players was 75% (95% CI [0.61; 0.87]), the injury incidence due to external loading was 64% (95% CI [0.53; 0.74]), or the injury incidence involving both internal and external loads was 69% (95% CI [0.45; 0.89]), and the injury incidence for individuals over the age of 25 was 73% (95% CI [0.50; 0.91]), whereas the injury incidence was minimized when the interval was kept at 0.8-1.3, with an injury incidence of 56% (95% CI [0.14; 0.94]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although ACWR is associated with sports injury risk and may be useful in injury prevention strategies, it is necessary to use it with caution as a tool for measuring workload. Due to the heterogeneity between studies, potential publication bias, or differences in ACWR calculation methods, these factors may affect the research results. Therefore, future research should be clearer about its practical applicability.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42024615589.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12487117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strength asymmetries and their impact on landing dynamics during countermovement jump and drop jump tests in professional female basketball players.","authors":"Nasuh Evrim Acar, Gökhan Umutlu, Yıldırım Gökhan Gencer, Erkan Güven, Gizem A Taşman","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01352-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01352-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of altered intestinal microbiota on intestinal immune function after acute exhaustive exercise in mice.","authors":"Guang Yang, Lina Gao, Yuqian Liu, Xiaoyang Xu, Wenqian Yang","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01334-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01334-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Long-term training or intense exercise alters gut microbiota. This study aimed to determine the effects of microbiota on colonic permeability and immune function in mice subjected to acute exhaustive exercise.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the blank control (C), no exercise experience (NE), under a training protocol (E), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) transplantation (PT), and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) groups. The E group underwent 14 weeks of moderate intensity training. At the end of the 14th week, fecal suspensions were prepared from mice in Group E and transplanted into Group FMT via enema, while Group PT received PBS enemas twice daily for 7 days. Prior to transplantation, both Groups PT and FMT were gavaged with antibiotics for 7 days, followed by 3 days of polyethylene glycol bowel cleansing. The C group was euthanized after a rest period, and the other groups were euthanized after acute exhaustive exercise. Colonic zonulin, occludin, ZO-1, CD14, TLR-4, MD-2, and TNF-α protein levels were detected via western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect serum LPS, IL-6, and colonic sIgA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Colonic zonulin protein expression was significantly higher (P < 0.01) and occludin and ZO-1 expression levels were significantly lower in the NE, PT, and FMT groups compared with the C group (P < 0.01). ZO-1 was significantly higher in the FMT group compared with the PT group (P < 0.05). Colonic MD-2, TLR-4, and CD14 expression levels were significantly lower in the FMT group compared with the PT group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, and P < 0.05, respectively). Serum LPS and IL-6 expression levels were significantly lower in the FMT group compared with the PT group (P < 0.01). Colonic sIgA levels were significantly lower in the NE, E, PT, and FMT groups compared with the C group (P < 0.01), and levels in the FMT group were significantly higher than the levels in the PT group (P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fecal microbiota transplantation attenuated the increased intestinal permeability, enhanced intestinal immune function, and reduced systemic inflammation induced by acute exhaustive exercise in mice without prior exercise experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triple hop test distance, but not asymmetry, is associated with ankle sprains in elite adolescent volleyball players.","authors":"Shabnam Soltanirad, Abdolreza Kazemi, Hunter Bennett, Mahdi Hosseinzadeh","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01322-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01322-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to identify whether triple hop distance (THD) and asymmetry is associated with ankle injury in elite youth volleyballers.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A convenience sample of 100 elite youth male volleyball players (age 15.06 ± 0.87 years, height 178.74 ± 5.71 cm, and weight 68.38 ± 6.37 kg) were followed up in this prospective cohort study. Pre-season triple hop measures were obtained in 100 elite youth male volleyball players, and ankle injuries were tracked across the 6-month season. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between triple hop distance and asymmetry and injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen ankle injuries occurred during season. Greater hop distances on the dominant (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.13 to 0.61, p = 0.001; moderate effect) and non-dominant (OR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.56, p = 0.001; moderate effect) limbs were associated with a lower incidence of injury, as was greater height-normalized distances on the dominant (OR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.40, p = 0.001; large effect) and non-dominant (OR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.33, p = < 0.001; large effect) limbs. However, there was no significant association with triple hop test absolute or normalized asymmetry (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.06 to 24.90, p = 0.915; trivial effect) or limb symmetry index (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.87 to 1.01, p = 0.088; trivial effect) and injury risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower THD are associated with future ankle injuries in elite volleyballers. The THD potentially offers a simple, reliable, and effective screening tool that can be used in volleyball to identify players at a greater risk of injury before the season commences.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating athletic mental energy analysis: a novel approach using fuzzy-based Bayesian networks.","authors":"Yasin Yildiz, Doğukan Batur Alp Gülşen, Umut Sevilmiş, Orkun Burak Öztürk","doi":"10.1186/s13102-025-01328-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13102-025-01328-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This paper focuses on the impact of physical and psychological conditions on athletes' mental energy, which is a serious concern in terms of performance and overall health and seeks to evaluate this problem by identifying its causes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A Fuzzy Bayesian Network (FBN) model is therefore created to provide an approach for determining the factors and weights to be considered by coaches and sports scientists when assessing the causes of mental fatigue in athletes.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>As a result of the research process, a model for evaluating the factors affecting athletic mental energy was developed, and probabilistic relationships between physical and psychological causes were established. The analysis of the model indicates that physical fitness (10.9%), fatigue (10.4%), and nutrient intake (10.2%) are the three most significant root causes affecting athletic mental energy. In addition, the most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that the factors affecting athletic mental energy are closely related to both physical state and psychological state processes. Taken together, the results indicate that physical condition variables are too important to be overlooked in effectively enhancing athletes' mental energy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Consequently, In conclusion, the FBN model developed for this study is considered to provide a comprehensive probabilistic analysis of the interactions between physical and psychological factors, and to serve as an important guide in identifying new ways to enhance athletes' mental energy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48585,"journal":{"name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"17 1","pages":"283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}