BMC Nursing最新文献

{"title":"From manual to digital: prospective ICU evaluation of the FIZE kUO^® for continuous urine output measurement.","authors":"Olivier Zerbib, Tawfik Mahamid, Noa Ben-Noon, Shaul Lev","doi":"10.1186/s12912-026-05421-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12912-026-05421-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>ICU nurses manage complex, time-sensitive care while also performing frequent manual tasks. Manual urine output (UO) measurement is one such task that remains labor-intensive, interruptive to workflow, and prone to delays - despite the need for timely and accurate recording. Automation may reduce this burden and improve consistency of monitoring. The FIZE kUO^® is an electronic urinometer designed to provide continuous, real-time UO data without requiring manual handling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective, single-center pilot study to evaluate the usability, workflow impact, and safety of the FIZE kUO^® device in 10 critically ill patients. Nurses completed staged questionnaires before, during, and after use to assess perceptions of manual monitoring versus automated monitoring. Device performance and adverse events were documented throughout monitoring.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nursing staff reported positive perceptions regarding ease of setup (84-87%), time saving (74%), and improved recognition of changes in UO (87%). At treatment completion, 88.9% of nurses indicated the system prevented missing data, and 78% reported it facilitated earlier identification of situations requiring intervention. The device provided continuous monitoring for a total of 1,263 patient-hours, with no device-related adverse events or serious adverse events observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Automating urine output monitoring was perceived by nurses as beneficial for workflow efficiency, data reliability, and clinical awareness. Nurses perceived the FIZE kUO^® to reduce repetitive manual tasks and support timely decision-making. These findings support the potential of automated UO monitoring to alleviate components of ICU nursing workload.</p>","PeriodicalId":48580,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nursing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149137836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying stress-relevant events in everyday nursing practice using psychophysiological outcomes - an observational multimethod study.","authors":"Elizabeth A M Michels, Christian Rominger, Andreas R Schwerdtfeger, Georg F Kurze, Justus Klein, Jonas L Steinhäuser-Meerz, Hannah Tolle, Magdalena K Wekenborg","doi":"10.1186/s12912-026-05434-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12912-026-05434-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stressful working conditions contribute substantially to nurses' sickness absence and workforce shortages. However, prior research has largely focused on general job demands and resources, providing limited insight into which everyday work events are associated with acute stress responses. This study examined event-related observer-rated and physiological stress indicators during nurses' work using ecological momentary assessment combined with ambulatory heart rate variability (HRV) monitoring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A non-interventional, multimethod field study was conducted with nurses from a German university hospital. During an 8-hour shift, trained observers continuously recorded work events and rated momentary stress, while HRV (root mean square of successive differences; lnRMSSD) was assessed via wearable electrocardiography. Events were categorized into clinical care burden, organizational burden, and positive events. Associations between event categories and observer-rated stress and lnRMSSD, controlling for physical activity, were examined using multilevel models. Additional analyses examined individual characteristics (age, sex, chronic stress) and patient call system events, including call reasons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from up to 85 nurses and 1,617 event-level observations were analyzed. Clinical care burden was consistently associated with higher observer-rated stress compared to other event categories, while positive events were associated with the lowest observer-rated stress. For HRV, clinical care burden was associated with lower lnRMSSD than organizational burden, whereas no significant differences were observed between positive events and other categories. An exploratory association between sex and lnRMSSD was observed, with male nurses showing higher values. Chronic stress was associated with higher observer-rated stress. Patient call system events did not differ significantly from non-call work events in observer-rated stress or HRV. However, call reason was associated with observer-rated stress, with calls related to comfort and service issues rated as less stressful than acute medical needs and care and mobilization support calls. No significant HRV associations were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Psychophysiological indicators in nursing vary across everyday work events, with clinical care burden emerging as the most consistently stress-associated event category. The combination of event-based assessment and ambulatory physiological monitoring is feasible in routine clinical practice and enables identification of stress-relevant situations with high ecological validity. These findings may inform targeted interventions to improve nurses' working conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48580,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nursing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149082509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing critical thinking skills and self-directed learning among critical care nursing students: a quasi-experimental study on the impact of the modified KWHLAQ strategy.","authors":"Yasmeen Mohamed Mohamed Shehata, Nourhan Essam Hendawi, Mohamed H R Atta, Mohamed Ahmed Aly, Amany Saeed Abdelaziz Nagy, Ahmed Abdelhafeez Abdelmonseif Younis","doi":"10.1186/s12912-026-05254-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12912-026-05254-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of the modified Know-Want-Learn-How-Apply-Questions (KWHLAQ) strategy on critical thinking and self-directed learning among third-semester undergraduate nursing students enrolled in a critical care nursing course.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was employed. One hundred undergraduate nursing students (n = 50 per group) enrolled in the Critical and Emergency Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, participated during the 2025 academic session. The study group received a 12-week structured intervention based on the KWHLAQ framework; the control group received standard lecture-based instruction. Both groups completed the Critical Thinking Questionnaire (CThQ; α = 0.80) and the Self-Directed Learning Instrument (SDLI; α = 0.80) before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After covariate adjustment, the study group demonstrated significantly higher post-intervention critical thinking scores than the control group (p < 0.05; Cohen's d = 0.67, moderate-to-large effect). The study group improved significantly in overall critical thinking (mean difference = 5.66; p < 0.01) and in the evaluating subscale (mean difference = 4.50; p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 2.10, whereas the control group's scores declined. Self-directed learning improved substantially in the study group (mean difference = 23.06; p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 2.45), with significant gains across all four SDLI subscales.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integration of this structured, low-cost, and replicable pedagogical framework into nursing curricula may promote active learning, reflective reasoning, and clinical decision-making competencies essential for high-acuity practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48580,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nursing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13621624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators of clinical competency acquisition and maintenance among nurses in Ghana: a mixed methods systematic review.","authors":"Donald Babamomba Amenah, Ernest Wannah Vog-Enga, Agani Afaya, Yunting Fu, Richard Adongo Afaya, Silas Selorm Daniels-Donkor, Ellen Suglow, Bridget Lebene Akwetea, Lucy Kunaba","doi":"10.1186/s12912-026-05320-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-026-05320-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical competency is essential for safe, high-quality nursing care, yet its acquisition and sustained maintenance remain challenging in Ghana due to fragmented Continuing Professional Development systems, theory-practice gaps, and resource constraints. Evidence on how nurses in Ghana develop and maintain competence has been scattered and insufficiently synthesized. Therefore, this study synthesized evidence on the barriers and facilitators to clinical competency acquisition and maintenance among nurses in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a convergent integrated mixed-methods systematic review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA guidelines. Searches were conducted across MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Embase, covering publications from 2000 to 2026. Twelve eligible empirical studies involving nurses, midwives, and nurse educators in Ghana were included. Data were synthesized narratively, guided by Benner's Novice-to-Expert Model and Situated Learning Theory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 379 articles retrieved, 12 studies comprising 2,662 participants were included in this review. The most frequently reported barriers included inadequate structured clinical training, workforce shortages, resource constraints, limited managerial support, and inconsistent competency assessment. Key facilitators included structured mentorship and preceptorship programs, continuous professional development, supportive leadership, competency-based curricula, and positive workplace learning environments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nurses in Ghana face multilevel, system-driven challenges in acquiring and sustaining clinical competence. The Nursing and Midwifery Council of Ghana should strengthen competency-based regulation by institutionalizing structured mentorship and preceptorship programs, competency validation, and nationally coordinated continuing professional development. Implementing these reforms is essential to developing a competent, resilient, and practice-ready nursing workforce in Ghana and other resource-constrained settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48580,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nursing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dual-module person-centered nursing self-care bundle for hypertension management: development and expert validation.","authors":"Ni Putu Ayu Ratna Dewi, Nursalam Nursalam, Sriyono Sriyono, Israfil Israfil, Komang Ardidhana Nugraha Putra","doi":"10.1186/s12912-026-05377-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12912-026-05377-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sustained hypertension self-care is central to long-term blood pressure control, but it often remains suboptimal in primary care because patients may experience difficulties with daily monitoring, lifestyle modification, medication adherence, family support, and routine follow-up. Existing self-management materials commonly provide education or monitoring support, but fewer are designed to connect patients' daily home-based self-care records with structured nurse-led review during routine primary care visits. This study aimed to develop and validate a dual-module person-centered nursing-based self-care bundle for hypertension management in primary care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a sequential intervention-development and expert-validation study with qualitative and quantitative components. Phase I examined the contextual relevance of four predefined self-care domains, conducted focus group discussions with patients, family caregivers, and healthcare providers, and integrated stakeholder and preliminary expert input into patient and nurse modules. Phase II involved seven experts who assessed content, presentation, language, graphic design, and suitability as health-promotion media. For content, I-CVI and S-CVI/Ave were interpreted as content-validity indices; the same proportional calculations summarized domain-specific expert agreement for the four non-content domains. Qualitative comments guided module refinement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient module was structured as a self-care guide, daily record, checklist, and communication tool; the nurse module included guidance for education, record review, monitoring, individualized feedback, documentation, and follow-up. Content-domain S-CVI/Ave values were 0.89 for the patient module and 0.91 for the nurse module. Domain-average agreement for presentation, language, graphic design, and media suitability ranged from 0.93 to 1.00, while overall multidomain agreement was 0.94 and 0.95, respectively. Three items below the prespecified 0.86 threshold were revised. Experts confirmed that the requested changes had been addressed; no repeat ratings or post-revision CVI estimates were obtained.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Expert validation indicated acceptable content validity and high expert agreement across the four non-content domains for the assessed module versions; these non-content ratings reflect expert judgment rather than target-user usability. Further studies should examine feasibility, implementation fidelity, patient usability, nurse adherence, and preliminary effects on self-care behavior and blood pressure control.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":48580,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nursing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of parental satisfaction in nurse-parent communication during pediatric hospitalization: a systematic review.","authors":"Noemí Mayoral-Gonzalo, Leticia Leon, Celia Ibáñez Del Prado, David Pérez-Manchón, Cayetana Ruiz-Zaldibar, Raquel Moreno Sánchez, Marina Gómez de Quero Córdoba","doi":"10.1186/s12912-026-05417-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-026-05417-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with complex medical conditions require frequent interactions with the healthcare services and multidisciplinary teams. During pediatric hospitalization, effective nurse-parent communication is essential to family experience and satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To provide a synthesis of the available evidence on parental satisfaction with nurse-family communication during pediatric hospitalization, and to identify reported barriers, measurement approaches and strategies aimed at improving communication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL, including articles between 2014 and 2024. The PRISMA2020 guidelines were followed, and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024518043). Methodological quality was appraised using CASPe, with additional sensitivity assessment using MMAT for selected study designs. Owing to heterogeneity in designs, interventions, and outcome measures, findings were synthesized narratively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine records were included, comprising heterogeneous study desings and hospital contexts. Overall, findings suggested interventions such as beside communication tools, structured communication strategies and interactive eHealth tools resources were generally associated with higher parental satisfaction and improved perceived understanding. Frequently reported barriers included lack of staff identification, use of technical language, and environmental noise. However, interpretation is limited by heterogeneity and predominance of non-randomized studies with moderate/high risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evidence suggest that parents of hospitalized children generally report positive experiences withnurse-parent communication, although relevantareas for improvement remain. Strategies such as structured bedside communication, visual aids and digital tools appear promising, However, the predominance of non-randomized and heterogeneous studies limits causal inference and generalizability, and stronger empirical evidence is needed before their effectiveness across settings can be established.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":48580,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nursing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Leading evidence-based practice: nurse managers' strategies for knowledge utilisation in acute care settings.","authors":"Jude Ominyi, Aaron Nwedu, David Agom, Ukpai Eze","doi":"10.1186/s12912-026-05399-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12912-026-05399-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48580,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nursing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13602740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the persian version of the EHFScBS-C: a confirmatory factor analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Ali Yadegary, Ali Aghajanloo, Mahdi Shaabani, Fatemeh Masaebi, Mir Amirhossein Seyednazari","doi":"10.1186/s12912-026-05404-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-026-05404-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-care, defined as the naturalistic decision-making process of maintaining physiological stability and responding to symptoms, is essential for effective heart failure (HF) management, and informal caregivers play a crucial role in supporting patients in these activities. While the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behaviour Scale for Caregivers (EHFScBS-C) is a standard measure for this contribution, a validated Persian version is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the EHFScBS-C among Iranian caregivers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional methodological study was conducted with 260 informal caregivers of HF patients, recruited via convenience sampling from Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital in Zanjan, Iran, between October 2023 and February 2024. Following forward and backward translation and cultural adaptation, face and content validity were assessed. Construct validity was evaluated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to test the original two-factor structure. Convergent and discriminant validities were also examined. Reliability was assessed through internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega) and test-retest stability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC) over a two-week interval.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The translated scale demonstrated excellent content validity (Scale-level Content Validity Index average = 0.95). The CFA strongly supported the original two-factor structure (Medical Self-Care and Lifestyle Self-Care) with excellent model fit indices (χ²/df = 1.64, RMSEA = 0.049, CFI = 0.984, TLI = 0.978). All nine items exhibited statistically significant factor loadings ranging from 0.407 to 0.912. The scale established acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. Internal consistency was strong for the overall scale (Cronbach's α = 0.834, McDonald's ω = 0.894) and its subscales, and test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.89).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 9-item Persian version of the EHFScBS-C is a robust, valid, and reliable instrument for assessing informal caregivers' contributions to HF self-care. The structural stability of the original two-factor model was successfully confirmed in the Iranian context without requiring item deletion, providing a valuable tool to foster family-centred heart failure management in clinical practice and research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48580,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nursing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13632263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of community-based tabletop simulation on disaster nursing competency, preparedness, transfer motivation, and self-efficacy: a quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Myongsun Cho, Miyoung Kwon, Hyosung Cha","doi":"10.1186/s12912-026-05386-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-026-05386-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nurses play a critical role in community-based disaster response; however, gaps remain in disaster preparedness and in translating disaster-related competencies into clinical practice. Despite the widespread use of simulation-based education, evidence regarding the effectiveness of low-cost, scalable approaches, such as tabletop simulation, in undergraduate nursing education remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based tabletop simulation program on disaster nursing competency, preparedness, transfer motivation, and learning self-efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group design was conducted among 93 undergraduate nursing students (experimental group, n = 43; control group, n = 50). The experimental group participated in a structured community-based tabletop simulation program in addition to standard instruction, whereas the control group received standard instruction only. The program focused on the 3T disaster response process-triage, treatment, and transport with emphasis on patient transport decision-making based on hospital capacity and available resources. The outcome variables were assessed at three time points (baseline, immediately post-intervention, and follow-up). Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to examine the group-by-time interaction effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant group-by-time interaction effects were observed for all outcome variables. The experimental group demonstrated greater improvements than the control group in disaster nursing competency (F = 23.13, p < .001), disaster preparedness (F = 24.53, p < .001), transfer motivation (F = 4.83, p = .011), and learning self-efficacy (F = 5.14, p = .009). The improvements in the experimental group were sustained across the three measurement points, whereas changes in the control group were modest. These findings indicated that the tabletop simulation program contributed to enhanced disaster-related competencies and psychological readiness for practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Community-based tabletop simulation appears to be an effective and scalable educational strategy for strengthening disaster nursing competency, preparedness, and transfer motivation among undergraduate nursing students. Integrating structured tabletop exercises into nursing curricula may support workforce readiness in disaster-prone settings. Further multicenter studies with long-term follow-up are warranted to confirm these findings.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":48580,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nursing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13634211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional identity development among male psychiatric nurses in China: a qualitative study.","authors":"Danni Chi, Lijun Zhao, Aiqiang Chi, Nan Chen, Yingjing Bao, Wenbo Chen, Jianing Dai, Baoqin Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12912-026-05364-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12912-026-05364-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Men remain underrepresented in nursing and often face gender stereotypes, occupational stigma, and challenges related to professional identity. These issues may be particularly pronounced in psychiatric nursing, where care involves therapeutic relationships, emotional labor, long-term patient contact, and exposure to aggression. This study explored how professional identity developed over the careers of male psychiatric nurses in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative study was conducted with 16 male psychiatric nurses from a specialist psychiatric hospital in China. Data were collected between October and December 2025 through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three themes were developed. Stumbling into commitment described how participants entered psychiatric nursing through pragmatic or deliberate routes, encountered early shock and a double stigma relating both to men in nursing and to psychiatric work, and gradually settled into the work. Growing through relationships showed how professional growth developed through patients, colleagues, and teams, as participants moved from task completion toward relational and preventive judgment. Strength in caring captured how physical strength, often expected of male nurses, could be useful in acute risk situations when integrated with restraint, protection, clinical judgment, and relational care. Participants described strong commitment and pragmatic stability, alongside a contrasting account of occupational fatigue.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Male psychiatric nurses' professional identity developed gradually and unevenly through career experiences involving pragmatic entry, early shock and strain, relational learning, and strength in caring. Nursing managers should support early adaptation, occupational safety, mentorship, relational competence, and long-term career sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":48580,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nursing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}