Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Weight Gain in Obese Children After Intracapsular Tonsillectomy","authors":"Stephen R. Chorney,&nbsp;Rishi Suresh,&nbsp;Neila Kline,&nbsp;Romaine F. Johnson,&nbsp;Ron B. Mitchell","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To analyze short-term weight gain among obese children after intracapsular tonsillectomy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cohort included all children with a body mass index (BMI) &gt; 95th percentile obtaining intracapsular tonsillectomy between 2021 and 2023 at a tertiary children's hospital. Measurements at least 30 days and at least 90 days postoperatively were recorded. BMI was expressed as a percentage of the 95th percentile (%BMIp95) and grouped by initial %BMIp95 ≤ 120 (class I obesity) or %BMIp95 &gt; 120 (class II and III obesity).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 68 children that underwent intracapsular tonsillectomy at a mean age of 7.2 years (SD: 3.8) with obstructive breathing indications for 91% (<i>N</i> = 62). Mean %BMIp95 at surgery was 121 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 117–125). Class I obesity was noted for <i>N</i> = 39 (57%) and class II/III obesity was noted for <i>N</i> = 29 children (43%). At a mean of 6.9 months (SD: 5.3), the change in %BMIp95 was 1.77 (95% CI: −1.03 to 4.57) for class I and 3.27 (95% CI: 0.55 to 6.00) for class II/III obese children (<i>p</i> = 0.45). Measurements at least 90 days after surgery (mean: 12.8 months (SD: 5.2) showed no differences in %BMIp95 change between children with class I (1.17; 95% CI: −3.63 to 5.96) and class II/III obesity (3.00; 95% CI: −2.25 to 8.25) (<i>p</i> = 0.60).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weight gain after intracapsular tonsillectomy was similar between children with low and high obesity class. Consistent growth trajectories continued beyond 3 months, suggesting intracapsular tonsillectomy may be an appropriate technique to address obstructive breathing in obese children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>III.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Treatment of Dysphonia in Parkinson's Disease: A Cross-Sectional National Database Study","authors":"Vicki Liu,&nbsp;Dori Smith,&nbsp;Helena Yip","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70149","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Around 89% of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) present with speech and voice disorders, but only 3%–4% receive speech treatment. Using the NIH All of Us Research Program, this study aims to report the prevalence of dysphonia, the incidence of speech evaluations and treatments, and potential disparities in PD patients on a national scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes were used to identify individuals with PD and dysphonia in the All of Us database. Diagnostic voice care was determined using CPT codes for flexible laryngoscopy and speech evaluation, while treatment was based on CPT codes for vocal fold augmentation and speech therapy. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between voice care access and demographic and socioeconomic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 1968 PD patients, 257 (13.1%) had a concomitant diagnosis of dysphonia. 1683 patients (85.5%) received no voice care. Among those with voice care, 264 (13.4%) underwent a diagnostic evaluation and 124 (6.3%) received treatment. Based on adjusted logistic regression models, factors associated with decreased odds of voice care were female sex (aOR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.45–0.85, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and Hispanic ethnicity (aOR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.22–0.90, <i>p</i> = 0.02).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PD commonly presents with voice disorders. Using a national database, only 13.1% of PD patients had a formal dysphonia diagnosis, and only 6.3% received speech treatment. Female sex and Hispanic ethnicity correlated with decreased voice care. This study suggests the underdiagnosis and undertreatment of dysphonia in PD.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level of Evidence: 3.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sinonasal Sarcoidosis: A Scoping Review of Demographics, Clinical Presentation, and Outcomes","authors":"Ariana L. Shaari,&nbsp;Janvi J. Shukla,&nbsp;Aman M. Patel,&nbsp;Hannaan S. Choudhry,&nbsp;Sean Haimowitz,&nbsp;Jean Anderson Eloy","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcoidosis can involve the head and neck and, in particular, the sinonasal tract. We aim to review the presentation, treatment, and outcomes of sinonasal sarcoidosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A PRISMA-ScR-guided scoping review was performed utilizing PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and SCOPUS to identify case reports describing sarcoidosis in the sinonasal tract. Two reviewers reviewed each article and extracted data. Exclusion criteria consisted of reviews, book chapters, non-English studies, basic science studies, and animal studies. The following data were extracted: patient demographics, symptoms and duration, biopsy status, angiotensinogen converting enzyme level, imaging, treatment, and outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 54 articles (1959–2023) met inclusion criteria, for a total of 103 cases. Median age at diagnosis was 40 years old (18–80 years old). 64% (<i>N</i> = 67) of patients were female. Most patients were Black (<i>N</i> = 31, 30%). The most common presenting symptom was nasal obstruction (<i>N</i> = 54, 50%). 73% (<i>N</i> = 75) of patients received steroid treatment. 38% (<i>N</i> = 39) received surgery, the most common procedure being endoscopic sinus surgery (32%, <i>N</i> = 33). Following treatment, 56% (<i>N</i> = 58) of patients had symptomatic improvement, and 16% (<i>N</i> = 17) had no change in symptoms or disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sinonasal sarcoidosis predominantly affects female patients with or without a history of systemic sarcoidosis who present with prolonged nasal obstruction. Most patients have symptomatic improvement with conservative management; however, a select subset of patients may respond well to surgical management. Further investigation into the workup, indications for surgical intervention, and treatment algorithm is warranted to reduce disease morbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Sinonasal Symptoms and Disease With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy","authors":"Jaynelle Gao,&nbsp;Ryan S. Chung,&nbsp;Jason Chwa,&nbsp;Kevin Hur","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used for cancer therapy and are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in various organ systems. However, data on sinonasal irAEs remain limited. This study investigates the association between ICI therapy and sinonasal conditions, including chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and nasal polyps, using a national health database.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study utilized the TriNetX US Network to analyze adults diagnosed with malignant neoplasms for which ICIs are an accepted treatment option. Patients treated with FDA-approved ICIs (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, cemiplimab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, avelumab, or ipilimumab) were compared to those not receiving ICIs. Exclusion criteria included sinonasal neoplasms and prior sinus surgery. Propensity score matching on age, race, sex, and asthma diagnosis was performed. Outcomes included first-time diagnoses of CRS, nasal polyps, and cardinal symptoms of CRS. Subgroup analyses by ICI mechanism of action and a post hoc analysis of all-cause mortality were conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ICI therapy was associated with a decreased likelihood of CRS diagnosis (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85–0.96), nasal polyp diagnosis (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.51–0.83), and facial pain (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56–0.99). Conversely, patients receiving ICIs had an increased likelihood of anosmia/parosmia or parageusia (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.68–2.07), and rhinorrhea (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.10–1.22). Subgroup analyses supported these findings across different ICI categories. Risk of mortality was higher among ICI-treated patients (HR 4.09, 95% CI 4.02–4.16).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the first propensity-matched study to evaluate the relationship between ICI therapy and sinonasal conditions, revealing a decreased risk of CRS and nasal polyps in patients undergoing ICI therapy. Future studies are needed to explore the clinical significance and mechanism of ICI-related sinonasal symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>3.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Obstructive Sleep Apnea Physical Exam: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Nihal Punjabi,&nbsp;Roy W. Qu,&nbsp;Alexandra Vacaru,&nbsp;Brianna Pandey,&nbsp;Shanalee Tamares,&nbsp;Jared C. Inman","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70154","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review aimed to determine the clinical utility of various physical exam findings in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review of English articles identified from PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases. Search terms included “sleep apnea,” “physical exam,” “polysomnography,” and all relevant synonyms. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts, reviewed full texts, and extracted data from all studies that presented associations between physical characteristics and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 35 studies representing 13,854 patients were included in this review. The mean difference between high AHI and low AHI groups was 4.09 kg/m² (95% CI: 2.78–5.39) for BMI, 7.93 cm (3.59–12.28) for waist circumference, and 3.67 cm (2.64–4.71) for neck circumference. The odds ratios for having a high AHI were 2.44 (1.07–5.55) for macroglossia, 2.23 (1.68–2.96) for Mallampati &gt; 2, 1.88 (1.67–2.11) for tonsil grade &gt; 2, 3.99 (1.94–8.21) for pharyngeal grade &gt; 2, and 1.57 (1.48–1.67) for enlarged uvula. Thyromental distance, retrognathia, Friedman grade, septal deviation, and enlarged turbinates were also assessed and were not found to be statistically significant between AHI groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several physical exams have strong evidence in the literature supporting their strength at differentiating patients with and without OSA. These should be used routinely among providers who treat OSA, regardless of specialty, to help guide decisions about recommending a sleep study and selecting appropriate treatment. Other physical characteristics may be better assessed through advanced exam techniques or require more research and standardization in the way they are assessed by practitioners.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy With Positive Airway Pressure and Therapeutic Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea","authors":"Elliott M. Sina,&nbsp;Nicole Molin,&nbsp;Praneet C. Kaki,&nbsp;Henry Ideker,&nbsp;Stephen White,&nbsp;Maurits Boon,&nbsp;Colin Huntley","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70155","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is a sedated upper airway exam to assess collapse patterns contributing to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). DISE is often performed for patients intolerant to CPAP who are exploring surgical alternatives such as hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS), an implantable device that stimulates the hypoglossal nerve to maintain airway patency during sleep [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Recent advancements in therapeutic nasal positive airway pressure (PAP) during DISE (DISE-PAP) suggest that lower palatal opening pressures correspond to HGNS response [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. DISE-PAP has offered improvements in patient selection for surgery and in troubleshooting residual AHI following CPAP therapy [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;]. However, DISE-PAP remains underutilized due to its novelty and limited availability. Considering that patients undergo a trial of CPAP prior to surgery, therapeutic pressures during CPAP may serve as a readily available surrogate for DISE-PAP pharyngeal opening pressure (PhOP). This study investigates the correlation between CPAP therapeutic pressures from home AutoPAP data and PhOP during DISE-PAP.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A retrospective review of patients with OSA at a single institution who underwent DISE-PAP and had CPAP device data available between June 2023 and May 2024 was performed. DISE-PAP PhOP was defined as the CPAP pressure at which the airway was visually open at all levels. Home CPAP therapeutic pressures (95th percentile) were obtained via ResMed data download reports. Patients with residual AHI &gt; 10 events/hour were excluded. A subanalysis was conducted by CPAP mask type (full face mask, nasal mask, and nasal pillow). Paired &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;-tests and Spearman correlation were performed using R Studio. Institutional review board approval and informed consent were secured per institutional guidelines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thirty-three patients (mean age 57 years, 73% male, 69% Caucasian, mean BMI 30.7 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) were included (Table 1). The mean baseline AHI was 30.2 (SD = 16.8) events/hour. The average PhOP was 8.4 cmH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;0 (SD = 4.0) compared to the average CPAP therapeutic pressure of 10.5 cmH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (SD = 3.0). PhOP was within 3.5 cmH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O of CPAP therapeutic pressure in 20 patients (61%) and within 2 cmH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O in 14 patients (42%). However, PhOP was not significantly correlated to CPAP therapeutic pressure (rho = −0.033, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.86), even after adjusting for AHI, BMI, and CPAP mask type.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This lack of correlation between DISE-PAP PhOP and CPAP therapeutic pressures may be due to factors beyond sample size, such as fundamental differences between the two measurements. PhOP represents a one-time measurement under sedation, whereas CPAP pressures are adjusted over time to maintain airway patency during varying sleep stages. Institutional differences in DISE-PAP protocols, such as automatic vs. manual up-titration, may also affect PhOP measurements. Moreover, Mask type also impacts PAP outcomes, as","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Observational Study of Political Contributions by Self-Described Otolaryngologists in the United States","authors":"Matthew Mitchell,&nbsp;Ayo Isola,&nbsp;Kendal Updike,&nbsp;Tariq Syed,&nbsp;Nadia Mohyuddin","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As healthcare becomes an increasingly heated topic in American politics, the importance of political funding similarly grows. Political contributions by otolaryngologists within the United States were analyzed to better understand how otolaryngologists exert their free speech and how these funds may be focused to further the interests of otolaryngology in politics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Federal Election Committee's website was queried for contributions to Political Action Committees (PAC) from 2003 to 2021 by self-described otolaryngologists. Data was classified by political party, then characterized temporally, geographically, the donor's employment type, and by recipient.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Otolaryngologists contributed $568,731.37 from 2003 to 2021, with an average of $352.16 per contribution. An average of 27.9 otolaryngologists contributed annually, with a minimum contribution of $1.00 and a maximum of $33,400.00. Contributions to Republican campaigns totaled $267,144.90, while $249,051.03 were donated to Democratic campaigns. The states garnering the largest spending by otolaryngologists were North Carolina ($120,912.00), Texas ($36,019.92), and Minnesota ($28,306.84). Donations to the otolaryngology-specific PAC, named ENT PAC, totaled 4.9% of all otolaryngologist dollars.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Larger numbers of otolaryngologists engaged with political spending over time. The years of largest total contributions were 2012, 2015 (both to Democratic campaigns), and 2020 (to Republican campaigns). Otolaryngologists of private entities favored Republican campaigns, while public entity otolaryngologists favored Democratic campaigns. Otolaryngologists did not contribute to ENT PAC to the degree that other specialties contributed to their respective PACs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Level VI—Single observational study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease With Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Among Older Adults","authors":"Eun Seok Kang,&nbsp;Seohui Jang,&nbsp;Hye Jun Kim,&nbsp;Kyuwoong Kim,&nbsp;Meng Sha,&nbsp;Yun Hwan Oh,&nbsp;Michelle J. Suh,&nbsp;Seogsong Jeong","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined the association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and the risk of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in elderly individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A population-based cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Senior cohort included 189,623 individuals aged 65 and older, categorized as non-SLD or MASLD. Cox proportional hazards regression and Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models were used to evaluate the risk of SSNHL and Ménière's disease, considering all-cause mortality as a competing event.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline characteristics showed that MASLD participants had higher metabolic dysfunction markers, including elevated body mass index, waist circumference, and blood pressure, compared to the non-SLD group. During 9 years of follow-up, 3803 SSNHL events occurred in the MASLD group, with an incidence rate of 2.44 per 1000 person-years. After inverse probability of treatment weighting, MASLD was associated with a significantly increased risk of SSNHL (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00–1.10; <i>p</i> = 0.039; subdistribution hazard ratio: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.11; <i>p</i> = 0.016).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MASLD is associated with an increased risk of SSNHL. This study provides evidence supporting a metabolic influence on auditory health, warranting further investigation into the liver-ear axis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Step 3 (Level 3*)—Cohort study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysphagia After Pediatric Laryngotracheal Reconstruction—A Scoping Review","authors":"Noor Singh,&nbsp;Stephen R. Chorney,&nbsp;Romaine F. Johnson,&nbsp;Taylor B. Teplitzky","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70157","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To review swallowing outcomes after pediatric laryngotracheal reconstruction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A scoping review was conducted through PubMed and Google Scholar databases for dysphagia outcomes after common pediatric airway surgery. Original full-text articles written in English between 1987 and 2024 were included. Articles were excluded if data was unavailable to review or were not in English. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines were followed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 31 articles included, which assessed swallowing after laryngotracheal reconstruction. Laryngotracheal reconstruction can result in transient post-operative dysphagia, with the degree of severity related to preoperative swallowing status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most airway reconstructive surgery in children can be associated with postoperative dysphagia. However, the swallow dysfunction is typically transient and can be predicted by comorbidities or preoperative swallow function. Timely assessments and appropriate multidisciplinary interventions are essential to improve swallowing outcomes after pediatric laryngotracheal reconstruction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Size Matters: Endotracheal Tube Sizes and Glottic Stenosis Familiarity Among Intubating Physicians","authors":"Jason S. Chwa,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Shuman,&nbsp;Karla O'Dell","doi":"10.1002/lio2.70140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Given the prevalence of post-intubation acute laryngeal injury (ALgI) and its association with glottic stenosis, greater attention has been placed on the mitigation of modifiable risk factors in patients requiring intubation, notably endotracheal tube (ETT) size. No widely accepted guidelines for adult ETT sizing exist. To better understand how factors driving ETT sizing may differ across specialties, we conducted a survey of faculty Anesthesiologists, Intensivists, and Emergency Medicine (EM) physicians.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An anonymous 14-question Qualtrics survey was distributed to relevant faculty employed at a single tertiary care institution. Participants completed questions pertaining to their training, ETT sizing preferences, factors considered in decision-making, and perceived knowledge regarding risk factors of glottic stenosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 103 complete responses were included, with a response rate of 55.1%. Standard ETT size was reported by 94 (91.3%) respondents to be 7.5 mm or larger in adult males and by 92 (89.3%) respondents to be 7.0 mm or larger in adult females. All respondents preferred a significantly larger ETT size for males compared to females (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). “Need for bronchoscopy” was the most cited factor precluding both males and females from being intubated with a smaller ETT across all specialties. When queried on posterior glottic stenosis, 64 (62.1%) respondents erroneously identified cuff pressure as a risk factor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding ETT sizing among intubating physicians is critical to reducing intubation-related ALgI. Future laryngologist-led interventions may be directed toward the adoption of a predominately height-based model for ETT sizing and education on glottic stenosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>5.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48529,"journal":{"name":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/lio2.70140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}