ICT Express最新文献

{"title":"Monitoring performance metrics in low-power wireless systems","authors":"Fabian Graf ,&nbsp;Thomas Watteyne ,&nbsp;Michael Villnow","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Application Performance Monitoring (APM) is key for ensuring computer systems perform well. While most APM tools target servers and networking infrastructure, here we focus on APM for devices with strict resource constraints: extremely limited in terms of power, memory and bandwidth. We tailor this article to be both a survey and a tutorial. In the survey part, we investigate APM approaches for low-power wireless networks, with a particular focus on Time Synchronized Channel Hopping solutions, as they are well-suited for critical industrial applications. We survey performance metrics characterizing the network health condition and show how, to capture the health of a network universally, it is important to constantly monitor hardware-related, network-related and network-wide metrics. We present a collection of metrics that serves as a checklist for the design of an APM system, describe related work on APM concepts suitable for low-power wireless system, and provide core concepts for collecting, exporting and processing performance metrics. The tutorial part consists of a hands-on example of running commercial APM and networking solutions. We use the active APM framework from <em>Memfault</em>, which periodically creates heartbeats including the performance metrics. We run this framework on top of the SmartMesh IP protocol stack, a commercial product by Analog Devices that offers wired-like high reliability and a decade of battery lifetime, and integrate it with the <em>Zephyr</em> operating systems. This tutorial allows the readership to experiment with a complete ready-to-deploy mote-to-cloud APM chain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48526,"journal":{"name":"ICT Express","volume":"10 5","pages":"Pages 989-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Product manifold optimization-based joint beamforming for RIS-aided MIMO systems: A fairness based approach","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.04.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reconfigurable intelligent Surface (RIS) can effectively improve the communication quality and extend the signal coverage range by reconfiguring the wireless communication transmission environment, which is very suitable for millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. In this paper, a product manifold optimization-based beamforming design (PMO-BD) algorithm for a RIS-assisted multi-user MIMO system is proposed to enhance fairness among users. We establish a lower bound for the minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) among users as the optimization objective, which is subjected to multiple constraints. By maximizing the lower bound to ensure the quality of service (QoS) for each user, fairness among users get improved. The PMO-BD algorithm exploits the internal structure of the product manifold to deal with the high dimension and nonlinear characteristics of the problem effectively, thereby reducing algorithm complexity and enhancing convergence rates. Simulation results verify the advantages of the proposed PMO-BD algorithm in comparison to other algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48526,"journal":{"name":"ICT Express","volume":"10 5","pages":"Pages 1110-1116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141052738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient training and data transmission for cooperative MIMO communications: Space–time coding approach","authors":"Seung-Chan Lim ,&nbsp;Girim Kwon ,&nbsp;Jingon Joung","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The communication performance can be restricted by inevitable training overhead for acquiring channel state information (CSI). A space–time code (STC)-based cooperative communication scheme is proposed to reduce the training overhead by employing a two-antenna relay node (RN) that broadcasts merely two orthogonal pilot sequences from the two antennas to a source node (SN) and a destination node (DN). The received signal-to-noise ratio, the achievable rate, and the bit error rate are mathematically analyzed, and numerical results confirm that the proposed STC-based relay system increases the achievable rate irrespective of the number of antennas at SN and DN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48526,"journal":{"name":"ICT Express","volume":"10 5","pages":"Pages 1043-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep reinforcement learning-based sum rate maximization for RIS-assisted ISAC-UAV network","authors":"Sangmi Moon ,&nbsp;Chang-Gun Lee ,&nbsp;Huaping Liu ,&nbsp;Intae Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in communications technologies have paved the way for integrating communication and sensing functionalities into unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks by using reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS). In this paper, we propose a novel approach to maximize the sum rate of RIS-assisted UAV networks by using an integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) network in conjunction with deep reinforcement learning (DRL). The integration of UAVs with ISAC networks results in dynamic and unpredictable channel conditions, which reduces the effectiveness of traditional optimization techniques. To address this challenge, we develop a DRL-based sum-rate maximization algorithm that adaptively configures the beamforming matrix and RIS phase shifts to optimize the communication performance while achieving the signal-to-noise ratio required for sensing. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms the existing methods in terms of sum rate while accommodating the dynamic nature of the ISAC-UAV network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48526,"journal":{"name":"ICT Express","volume":"10 5","pages":"Pages 1174-1178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Truth discovery for mobile workers in edge-assisted mobile crowdsensing","authors":"Syed Amir Ali Shah ,&nbsp;Ata Ullah ,&nbsp;Fazli Subhan ,&nbsp;NZ Jhanjhi ,&nbsp;Mehedi Masud ,&nbsp;Abdulmajeed Alqhatani","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proliferation of mobile phones has led to the rise of mobile crowdsensing systems. However, many of these systems rely on the deep cloud, which can be complex and challenging to scale. To improve the performance of crowdsensing at the edge cloud, truth-discovery methods are commonly employed. These methods typically involve updating either the truth or the weight associated with a user’s task. While some edge cloud-based crowdsensing systems exist, they do not provide incentives to users based on their experience. In this report, we present a new approach to truth discovery and incentive-giving that considers both the user’s experience and the accuracy of their submitted data. Our modified truth-discovery algorithm updates both the weight and truth concurrently, with greater incentives offered to users who have completed more tasks and whose submitted data is close to the estimated truth. We have run simulations to show how well our suggested strategy works to enhance the incentive system for experienced users.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48526,"journal":{"name":"ICT Express","volume":"10 5","pages":"Pages 1087-1093"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141690732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and analysis of SRR based metamaterial loaded circular patch multiband antenna for satellite applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Satellite communication has reached a turning point in transmitting data quickly and receiving signals clearly in faraway places. This paper presents a metamaterial-based antenna for distant and military applications that overcomes restrictions and performs unmatched. This project explores metamaterials to create a unique antenna. Expect to be astounded by its power to bend electromagnetic waves, miniaturize, and change our relationship with the universe. The feeding mechanism of this antenna is a modified co-planar waveguide. At 5.6 GHz, the proposed antenna unit cell measures 0.076<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>\u0000<span><math><mrow><mo>×</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, making it small thanks to its MTM characteristic. CP radiation is made when two orthogonally polarized modes are stimulated at the same time and two composite right- and left-handed transmission line unit cells are placed orthogonally. Reduced size, increased bandwidth, and improved Learn how this discovery opens new doors for high-resolution photography, broadband internet, and space exploration. One nanostructure that makes up a metamaterial is the Split Ring Resonator (SRR). SRR dimensions must be smaller than the resonance wavelength, making them crucial for near-infrared and optical responses. This effort examined nanoscale SRR characteristics in the infrared and visible ranges. SRRs composed of aluminum (Al) and gold (Au) were produced on silicon and silica substrates using electron beam lithography (EBL). The proposed structure consists of a microstrip-line-supplied SRR, a parasitic patch that is perpendicular to the ground plane, and two via holes connected by two split rings that feed the patch indirectly. Choosing the right material parameter for all such antennas depends on the planned structure. Fabrication and testing of the antenna matched simulations. Dimensions: 23.7 mm × 16.2 mm × 1.6 mm; substrate dielectric constant: 4.4. Experimental data are detailed and compared to analytical calculations. Simulation results show that metamaterials have negative permittivity and permeability in a certain frequency range, which can be predicted by an analytical method. Simulations indicated eight BRS, WiMAX, radar, and mobile phone resonance frequencies. Radiation is dipole-like in the omnidirectional in the H-plane and E-plane. 10 dB return loss and 3 dB axial ratio bandwidths are 38.6.7% and 8.1%, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48526,"journal":{"name":"ICT Express","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 836-844"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405959524000523/pdfft?md5=3c80fb3b7df0cb136e7114b59546a59f&pid=1-s2.0-S2405959524000523-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141047087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age of information for remote sensing with uncoordinated finite-horizon access","authors":"Pooja Hegde ,&nbsp;Leonardo Badia ,&nbsp;Andrea Munari","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We analyze a remote sensing system in the Internet of things, where uncoordinated nodes send status updates to a common receiver to achieve information freshness, quantified through age of information. We consider a finite horizon scheduling over a random multiple access channel, where colliding messages are lost. We show that nodes must adopt a further randomization to deviate from identical schedules and escape collision deadlocks. Moreover, we discuss the impact of feedback availability if, due to, e.g., energy expenditure, it decreases the number of transmission opportunities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48526,"journal":{"name":"ICT Express","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 786-791"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405959524000250/pdfft?md5=33d3b28c6a0ca48efab965584013cdce&pid=1-s2.0-S2405959524000250-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Channel estimation and pilot reduction for mmWave massive MIMO systems using deep neural networks","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we propose deep learning-based channel estimation and pilot reduction for mmWave point-to-point multi-input multi-output systems. The proposed scheme consists of a two-step approach where the first step is applying a denoising autoencoder for channel estimation. With the denoising characteristic of autoencoder, sparse channel estimation can be conducted although the orthogonality of pilot sequences is not guaranteed due to shorter pilots. The second step is exploiting the temporal correlation of the channel, using the previous estimate to extract information for the current estimate. Through simulation, the proposed scheme shows superior performance with reduced pilots.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48526,"journal":{"name":"ICT Express","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 798-803"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405959524000080/pdfft?md5=d34f7490f19879faa98f37aaf418e029&pid=1-s2.0-S2405959524000080-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139883443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent data-aided semantic sensing with variational deep embedding","authors":"Muhammad Awais ,&nbsp;Jinho Choi ,&nbsp;Jihong Park ,&nbsp;Yun Hee Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper proposes an intelligent sensing framework for Internet-of-Things platforms, where sensor measurements stem from multiple causes. Sensors are selectively chosen for data collection to identify the cause with partial measurements. We employ variational deep embedding, a generative model capable of clustering and generation, to identify causes, cluster measurements accordingly, and determine causes for estimating complete measurements from partial data. These estimates aid in efficient sensor selection for data collection. Results demonstrate early and reliable cause sensing and complete measurement estimation using the proposed framework.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48526,"journal":{"name":"ICT Express","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 824-830"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405959524000638/pdfft?md5=aa894f4a797887d18d9153b1e1689bd5&pid=1-s2.0-S2405959524000638-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISAC-enable mobility-aware multi-UAV placement for ultra-dense networks","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icte.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper proposes a method for characterizing user mobility levels in multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)-assisted networks. In a dynamic environment with varying degrees of mobile ground users, optimizing the placement of UAVs is important in improving network throughput. Moreover, for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) enabled UAVs, the resource allocation for sensing and communication relies on the dynamic nature of the network environment. To keep track of the changes in the environment UAVs are required to continuously update their trajectory, hence, characterizing the users’ mobility level is an important tool to improve the UAV trajectory optimization. In this paper, a mobility-aware resource allocation for joint sensing and communication is proposed. Our results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can improve the resource allocation between sensing and communication in an ISAC-enabled UAV-assisted network.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48526,"journal":{"name":"ICT Express","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 831-835"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405959524000328/pdfft?md5=ddc7e3f07da3132d34878a68b272c230&pid=1-s2.0-S2405959524000328-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140789737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}