Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science最新文献

{"title":"Lifting surface optimization of wake-adapted propeller by surrogate model","authors":"Ying Xue,&nbsp;Chen-Jun Yang,&nbsp;Xiao-Qian Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A method is presented for optimizing the radial circulation distribution of the marine propeller operating in a radially non-uniform inflow. The optimum circulation distribution is obtained by searching a BPNN surrogate model with the PSO algorithm. The BPNN model establishes the nonlinear relationship between the radial circulation distribution and the thrust loading coefficient as well as the hydrodynamic efficiency. An in-house lifting-surface VLM code is employed to generate the performance data of sample propellers for the purpose of training, validating, and testing the surrogate model. The camber surface geometry and pitch distribution corresponding to the optimum circulation distribution are designed by the VLM-based method developed by the authors previously. Numerical examples are presented for a five-bladed propeller subject to a radially non-uniform inflow and a seven-bladed propeller in open water to assess the performance of the present design method, and the numerical validation results yielded from an in-house surface panel code indicate that the design requirements are fulfilled with reasonable accuracy. In addition, the effect of the hub on the optimum circulation distribution is investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 740-756"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and computational analysis of deflection angles in a lab-scale wind tower using gyroscope, wind sensor, and load sensor","authors":"Sieb Chanchamnan,&nbsp;Meenert Phornphanit,&nbsp;Sunwoo Kim,&nbsp;Lida Heng,&nbsp;Sang Don Mun","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing installation of wind turbines has emerged as a cornerstone in the global surge of zero-emission energy solutions by 2050. This study investigates the structural behavior of a lab-scale hollow wind tower subjected to both wind-only and wind-wave loading, evaluating its displacement and tilt angle using integrated experimental and numerical methods. A key innovation in this study is the development of a sensor-based monitoring system comprising a wind speed sensor (SEN0170), a gyroscope (WT901BLECL), and a load cell (Gravity HX711). This system plays a crucial role in generating real-time aerodynamic and structural data. The absolute velocity of 2.45 m/s generated an average applied force of 16.69 N and produced a maximum deflection angle of 0.077° for wind-only excitation. Finite element analysis using ANSYS Workbench validated these results, achieving 99 % correlation with the experimental displacement of top tower 1.4466 mm. Under wind-wave excitation, the structure was submerged in water; the measured applied force was 4 N, accompanied by a dynamic oscillatory response of approximately 0.02° in the opposite direction. The numerical analysis revealed a 1.54 % increase in maximum structural stress due to hydrostatic pressure, while displacement remained essentially unchanged. These findings highlight a strong correlation between wind speed, deflection angle, and displacement, demonstrating that the proposed sensor-integrated framework and the validated FEA approach can reliably predict real-world tower responses. This integrated methodology advances predictive maintenance and safety design for next-generation wind turbine structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 832-848"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148571394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards better fatigue predictions in large offshore wind turbines: A review of climate, aero-hydrodynamic, and computational approaches","authors":"Gabriele Mangia ,&nbsp;Michele Martini ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Giorgi ,&nbsp;Giovanni Bracco","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2026.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2026.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid increase of offshore wind turbines size has made fatigue calculation a critical design and assessment challenge. Increasing turbine dimensions, hub heights, and environmental exposure introduce significant uncertainty across all the steps of fatigue assessment, while detailed long-term simulations remain computationally demanding.</div><div>This review aims at providing a structured overview of the engineering-standard framework used for fatigue prediction in large offshore wind turbines, encompassing climatological characterization, load evaluation, and fatigue damage calculation. Across the entire estimation chain – from wind and wave data characterization and modeling, through aerodynamic and hydrodynamic load evaluation, to structural modeling and fatigue assessment – multiple commonly adopted approaches are systematically reviewed and compared.</div><div>In addition, the review explicitly discusses, for all the above-mentioned sections, the trade-offs between modeling fidelity and computational cost associated with different methodological choices, highlighting their impact on fatigue predictions.</div><div>By adopting this broad, system-level perspective aligned with engineering practice and design standards – rather than focusing exclusively on latest academic development – this work supports informed method selection for design optimization, iterative assessment procedures, and fatigue-oriented design of large offshore wind turbines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 1007-1023"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148274665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A nonlinear deformation field reconstruction approach for hull girder structures","authors":"Chuntong Li,&nbsp;Pengyu Wei,&nbsp;Ze Jiang,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Luo,&nbsp;Deyu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among essential methodologies for ensuring the safety and integrity management of ship structures, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) plays a fundamental role. The real-time reconstruction of structural deformation fields, derived from surface strain data collected by an array of on-board strain sensors, is generally known as Shape Sensing. Nevertheless, evaluating the nonlinear deformation fields and failure modes of complex ship structures under significant load remains a formidable challenge. This study proposes an innovative shape sensing methodology aimed at precisely and efficiently reconstructing the nonlinear deformation fields of thin-shell structures, employing limited discrete strain measurement data. First, based on First-order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT), NURBS basis functions are employed in place of traditional interpolation shape functions used in finite element analysis to derive the relationship between measured strains and theoretical strains. A four-node inverse shell element, consistent with Kirchhoff shell theory, is utilized to obtain measurement data of membrane strain and bending strain. Subsequently, the model is optimized through a combination of the weighted least squares variational principle and reduction basis matrices constructed based on nonlinear strain increments. During this process, the model undergoes geometric updates via predicted deformation increments, integrating deformation continuity conditions and boundary conditions, thereby establishing a method suitable for real-time reconstruction of nonlinear deformation fields in complex ship structures. Finally, the validity and accuracy of this approach are verified through a four-point bending experiment on a box beam. Experimental results demonstrate that this nonlinear deformation field reconstruction method effectively captures the large deformation fields and failure modes of structures under ultimate loads, providing a novel research pathway for the rapid assessment of local hull failures, adjustment of model test decisions, and evaluation of structural failure behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 784-803"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148571448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow and scouring around a pile with a punched-hole collar in steady flow","authors":"Mohammad Shahhosseini ,&nbsp;Minxi Zhang ,&nbsp;Shaopeng Yang ,&nbsp;Guoliang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Local scour poses a significant threat to bridge safety globally, leading to substantial economic losses. This study employs a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and sediment transport model in FLOW-3D to investigate collar functions in reducing scour around piles in uniform flows, combined with flume experiments. Collars exhibit dual hydrodynamic effects on scouring around piles: (1) they positively reduce scour by blocking downward flows, and (2) they create negative pressure zones at the collar's leeside, which can accelerate near-bottom flows and potentially increase local scour. A punched hole on the collar’s leeside mitigates negative pressure, enhancing scour reduction. Based on the findings of this study, an appropriately designed punched collar outperforms a traditional plain collar, achieving a 14% decrease in scour dimensions. The width of the scour pit in front of and at the side of the pile was reduced by 21% and 40%, respectively. Pressure distribution analysis confirms that the punched collar reduces the pressure gradient beneath the collar around the pile, thereby lowering the maximum pressure difference and reducing erosive forces on bed materials, which improves scour protection. The innovative design addresses both horseshoe and wake vortices, potentially enhancing the safety and longevity of hydraulic structures in river and marine environments. These findings contribute valuable knowledge for engineers designing pier foundations with improved scour protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 927-938"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148268501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal angle design and techno-economic evaluation methods of deep-sea pipelines within gas and oil transportation","authors":"Linhe Wang,&nbsp;Jiguang Wang,&nbsp;Jiazhu Bao,&nbsp;Lunxiang Zhang,&nbsp;Yongchen Song","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As global energy demand climbs, the scope and depth of exploitation of submarine oil and gas resources continue to expand. The conditions for constructing deep-sea oil and gas pipelines have become increasingly complex. During long-distance transportation, the undulating terrain of the seabed increases both the technical challenges of pipeline installation and the associated safety and economic concerns. This paper systematically analyzes the risk of pipeline transportation at various inclination angles while comparing energy loss and laying costs. The analysis results indicate that the pipeline has the highest risk of blockage, energy loss, and laying cost at 3°, the lowest risk of blockage and energy loss at 12°, and the lowest laying cost at 15° Compared to the 3° pipeline, the 12° pipeline reduces energy loss by 63.1 %, and the 15° pipeline reduces laying costs by 79.8 %. Based on experimental results, this study integrates hydrate blockage risk, energy loss, and cost estimation to propose a comprehensive analytical model for evaluating inclined laying schemes of subsea oil and gas transportation pipelines. The findings can guide offshore engineering teams in selecting pipeline inclinations that reduce operational risks and optimize costs under varying seabed conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 913-926"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148571397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust adaptive tracking control for dynamic positioning ships subject to dynamic safety constraints and actuator saturation","authors":"Ligang Tang,&nbsp;Weinan Lin,&nbsp;Yiting Wang,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Ye Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposed a novel robust adaptive trajectory tracking control scheme for dynamic positioning (DP) ships subjected to unknown time-varying disturbances, unknown model parameters, dynamic safety constraints, and actuator saturation. The dynamic safety constraints were guaranteed based on the tan-type barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) technique, which ensured the position and velocity of the DP vessel within the given constraints. Moreover, the radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) was adopted to approximate the unknown parameters of the dynamics model, and an adaptive neural disturbance observer (ANDO) was designed to compensate for lumped disturbances. An anti-windup system was developed to handle the actuator saturation effect. By combining the above techniques and back-stepping method, the final control law was presented, and the semi-global asymptotic convergence was achieved via rigorous theoretical analysis and Lyapunov proof. The results of simulations demonstrated the superiority and robustness of this approach in resolving the trajectory tracking challenges of DP ships. Moreover, the proposed control scheme is highly effective in optimizing the trajectory tracking of DP ships, as it takes into account the multiple constraints that may arise during the process, which is a valuable contribution to the field of DP ship trajectory tracking, providing a more comprehensive and effective solution to this complex problem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 697-710"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148543316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid AI-driven condition monitoring and RUL forecasting for multi-fault diagnosis in two-stroke marine diesel engines","authors":"Maina George Wayne Mwangi,&nbsp;Min-Ho Park,&nbsp;Kang Woo Chun,&nbsp;Jung-ho Noh,&nbsp;Chulhwan Kim,&nbsp;Won-Ju Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>This</strong> study proposes a unified, load-aware condition-based monitoring (CBM) framework for two-stroke marine diesel engines that integrates data-driven intelligence with physical interpretability. The methodology establishes a modular architecture comprising four interactive layers: ensemble-based anomaly detection, unsupervised fault clustering and fault labeling, context-aware supervised fault classification, and calibrated remaining useful life (RUL) prognostic predictions. Each pipeline is designed to maintain thermodynamic and mechanical consistency while adjusting to the nonlinear and load-dependent behavior of marine propulsion systems.</div><div>Anomaly detection combines density-, partition-, and subspace-based models through weighted consensus to ensure robust fault localization with minimal false alarms. The clustering module transforms anomaly patterns into physically meaningful fault signatures, providing training targets for the supervised classifier, which employs load segmentation and direction coupled with probabilistic calibration to achieve interpretable fault classes. The prognostic layer integrates per-cylinder contextual embeddings, SHAP-based feature attribution, and Monte Carlo dropout for uncertainty quantification, producing stable and physically consistent RUL trajectories across the varying load conditions. Validation on data collected from a low-speed two-stroke testbed confirmed the framework’s robustness and interpretability, with representative RUL predictions achieving a mean RMSE and R² of 0.215 and 0.413, respectively. The results demonstrate that the framework offers a reproducible pathway toward intelligent, load-aware CBM systems for maritime applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 877-912"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148571396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floating renewables for sustainable Malaysian Islands: A 3E assessment","authors":"Nisha Kaur,&nbsp;K Sudhakar,&nbsp;M.R. Mohamed,&nbsp;Erdem Cuce,&nbsp;Dan Barbulescu","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Island communities in Malaysia remain highly dependent on fossil fuel–based electricity, necessitating reliable and economically viable renewable energy alternatives. This study presents a 3E (energy, economic, and environmental) assessment of 1 MW offshore floating solar photovoltaic (OFPV), floating offshore wind (FOW), and wave energy converter (WEC) systems' feasibility at Tioman, Langkawi, and Pangkor Islands of Malaysia. Energy performance results show that OFPV systems generate 1455.3–1553.3 MWh/year, achieving capacity factors of 17–18% and high-performance ratios of 0.84–0.86, with Langkawi exhibiting the most stable and favourable solar conditions. Floating offshore wind produces the annual energy output of 114.2 -853.58 MWh/year with an average capacity factor of 5 %. Among sites, Pangkor Island demonstrates limited wind potential, with capacity factors below 2 %. Wave energy systems have outputs of approximately 461–684 MWh/year, with capacity factors ranging from 5 % to 8 %, reflecting the low-to-moderate wave climate of Malaysian coastal waters, though Langkawi performs best during monsoon months. Economic analysis indicates that floating solar is the most cost-effective technology, exhibiting the lowest levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and the shortest payback period under an avoided electricity cost of RM 0.20/kWh. Floating offshore wind shows a moderate LCOE and longer payback period due to higher capital and maintenance costs, while wave energy remains economically uncompetitive, with payback periods exceeding the project lifetime. Environmentally, all systems contribute to emissions reduction by displacing diesel-based generation. Overall, the results identify Tioman as the most suitable site for wind energy deployment, Langkawi as optimal for floating solar and wave energy, and floating solar as the most viable near-term solution for sustainable island electrification in Malaysia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 986-1006"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148571321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerodynamic loads simulation of a new concept 250 kW floating vertical-axis wind turbine: An experimental study in wind tunnel","authors":"Qun Cao,&nbsp;Xiaoming Cheng,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhang,&nbsp;Ying Chen,&nbsp;Shunzhe Zhao,&nbsp;Kai Zhang,&nbsp;Tingyu Jin,&nbsp;Zhengshun Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2026.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2026.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addressed the critical challenge of Reynolds number scale effects inherent in wind tunnel model test of a novel 250 kW floating vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT). Traditional geometric scaling reduces model Reynolds numbers by orders of magnitude, diminishing aerodynamic loads and power output compared to full-scale conditions. To resolve this discrepancy, a high Reynolds number extrapolation method integrating experimental and numerical approaches was proposed. A 1:20 scaled model, fabricated with carbon fiber and Q235 steel, underwent systematic model test in Northwestern Polytechnical University’s NF-3 low-speed wind tunnel. Aerodynamic loads were measured under operational conditions and extreme shutdown scenarios. By amplifying experimental wind speeds while maintaining TSR similarity, empirical correlations between thrust coefficients and Reynolds numbers were established, enabling extrapolation to full-scale Re (<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>). Experimental results revealed a linear relationship between thrust coefficients and log (Re), validating the extrapolation framework. Simultaneously, a vortex-based numerical model was validated against experimental data, identifying significant wind tunnel blockage effects at high rotor speeds (<span><math><mi>&gt;</mi></math></span>500 rpm) that reduce thrust by 30%. During shutdown, maximum thrust occurred at 80 deg azimuth angle due to minimal tower shadowing, while 0 deg and 60 deg azimuth angles minimized loads. This methodology provides critical datasets for full-scale VAWT performance assessment and floating foundation design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 960-971"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148571398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}