Underground Space最新文献

{"title":"Physical and mechanical response of large-diameter shield tunnel lining structure under non-uniform fire: A full-scale fire test-based study","authors":"Da-Long Jin ,&nbsp;Hui Jin ,&nbsp;Da-Jun Yuan ,&nbsp;Pan-Pan Cheng ,&nbsp;Dong Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When a fire occurs in an underground shield tunnel, it can result in substantial property damage and cause permanent harm to the tunnel lining structure. This is especially true for large-diameter shield tunnels that have numerous segments and joints, and are exposed to specific fire conditions in certain areas. This paper constructs a full-scale shield tunnel fire test platform and conducts a non-uniform fire test using the lining system of a three-ring large-diameter shield tunnel with an inner diameter of 10.5 m. Based on the tests, the temperature field distribution, high-temperature bursting, cracking phenomena, and deformation under fire conditions are observed. Furthermore, the post-fire damage forms of tunnel lining structures are obtained through the post-fire ultimate loading test, and the corresponding mechanism is explained. The test results illustrate that the radial and circumferential distribution of internal temperature within the tunnel lining, as well as the radial temperature gradient distribution on the inner surface of the lining, have non-uniform distribution characteristics. As a result, the macroscopic phenomena of lining concrete bursting and crack development during the fire test mainly occur near the fire source, where the temperature rise gradient is the highest. In addition, the lining structure has a deformation characteristic of local outward expansion and cannot recover after the fire load is removed. The ultimate form of damage after the fire is dominated by crush damage from the inside out of the lining joints in the fire-exposed area. The above results serve as a foundation for future tunnel fire safety design and evaluation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48505,"journal":{"name":"Underground Space","volume":"20 ","pages":"Pages 1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2467967424000825/pdfft?md5=8e388e786b80d4a679e702694beefa95&pid=1-s2.0-S2467967424000825-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid deep learning approach for rock tunnel deformation prediction based on spatio-temporal patterns","authors":"Junfeng Sun ,&nbsp;Yong Fang ,&nbsp;Hu Luo ,&nbsp;Zhigang Yao ,&nbsp;Long Xiang ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Yubo Wang ,&nbsp;Yifan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ability to predict tunnel deformation holds great significance for ensuring the reliability, safety, and sustainability of tunnel structures. However, existing deformation prediction models often simplify or overlook the impact of spatial characteristics on deformation by treating it as a time series prediction issue. This study utilizes monitoring data from the Grand Canyon Tunnel and introduces an effective data-driven method for predicting tunnel deformation based on the spatio-temporal characteristics of the historical deformation of adjacent sections. The proposed model, a combination of graph attention network (GAT) and bidirectional long and short-term memory network (Bi-LSTM), is equipped with robust spatio-temporal predictive capabilities. Additionally, the study explores other possible spatial connections and the scalability of the model. The results indicate that the proposed model outperforms other deep learning models, achieving favorable root mean square error (<span><math><mrow><mi>RMSE</mi></mrow></math></span>), mean absolute error (<span><math><mrow><mi>MAE</mi></mrow></math></span>), and coefficient of determination (<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>) values of 0.34 mm, 0.23 mm, and 0.94, respectively. The graph structure based on intuitive spatial connections proves more suitable for meeting the challenges of predicting deformation. Integrating GAT-LSTM with transfer learning technology, remains stable performance when extended to other tunnels with limited data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48505,"journal":{"name":"Underground Space","volume":"20 ","pages":"Pages 100-118"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2467967424000813/pdfft?md5=553352262c269f7f53faaab720bd548a&pid=1-s2.0-S2467967424000813-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on instability mechanism and control of abandoned roadways in coal pillars recovery face: A case study","authors":"Dong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianbiao Bai ,&nbsp;Rui Wang ,&nbsp;Min Deng ,&nbsp;Shui Yan ,&nbsp;Qiancheng Zhu ,&nbsp;Hao Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The abandoned roadways (ARs) in front of the longwall face catastrophic instability will seriously hamper mining progress, which is a complicated process related to the stress environment, the roadway section, and the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock. The cusp catastrophe theory is employed to establish a state identification model for the irregular coal pillar-roof system (CPRS) formed by the ARs and re-mining entries. To begin, the state discrimination equation (<em>Δp</em>) for the gradual CPRS is derived, and the critical value at which the system transitions into an unstable state under quasi-static conditions is determined. The results indicated that when 16.49 m ≤ <em>L</em> ≤ 22.63 m (<em>L</em> denotes the equivalent span of the intersection roof) and 0 &lt; <em>R</em>_e ≤ 2.61 m (<em>R</em>_e denotes the width of the elastic zone within the triangular coal pillar), the triangular CPRS is inherently unstable. Similarly, for trapezoidal CPRS configurations where the length <em>L</em>_m (the span of the right-angled trapezoid roof in the propulsion direction) varies from 4.0 to 12.60 m, the system is unstable as well. Subsequently, the model was further enhanced by accounting for the impact of the <em>P</em>_c (advance stress increment load), where a critical criterion for the catastrophic instability of the CPRS was proposed, which represented the external energy required to transition the CPRS from an unstable state to catastrophic instability in different mining stages. After that, the stability degree of the irregular coal pillar was categorized, and a coupling zoning control technology was applied to CPR operations. Field monitoring results demonstrated the effectiveness of the zoning control technology, providing valuable guidance for similar mining practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48505,"journal":{"name":"Underground Space","volume":"20 ","pages":"Pages 119-139"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2467967424000801/pdfft?md5=da5b193741033ceb8356d3acd410aa05&pid=1-s2.0-S2467967424000801-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radial flow behaviors of a rough Beishan granite fracture under normal and thermal loadings","authors":"Xingguang Zhao ,&nbsp;Dongjue Fan ,&nbsp;Zhihong Zhao ,&nbsp;Liang Chen ,&nbsp;Ju Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the operation of a deep geological repository in crystalline rocks for disposal of high-level radioactive waste, understanding the seepage behaviors of fractured crystalline rocks under coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical conditions is essential for the performance assessment of deep geological repositories. In this study, radial flow tests on cylindrical Beishan granite specimens with a single artificial fracture were conducted using the MTS 815 rock mechanics testing system to investigate the influence of normal stress and temperature on radial flow behaviors of rough rock fractures. Steady state method was used to measure fracture permeability, and an axial extensometer was used to measure fracture deformation during compression. A three-dimensional blue light scanner was used to characterize fracture surface morphology. Experimental results indicate that fracture permeability decreases nonlinearly with the increase of normal stress or temperature, and normal stress has a more significant influence on fracture permeability than temperature. The evolution of three-dimensional non-uniform distribution of voids under compression was numerically obtained, and the variogram was employed to quantify the non-uniform distribution characteristics of mechanical apertures. In addition, a radial flow model considering non-uniform distribution of apertures is proposed to predict the normal stress- and temperature-dependent seepage behaviors of rock fractures, and the predictions were found to be in good agreement with experimental data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48505,"journal":{"name":"Underground Space","volume":"20 ","pages":"Pages 83-99"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2467967424000783/pdfft?md5=71e0e86eb2a98d0130ba426bca8443ad&pid=1-s2.0-S2467967424000783-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance study of immersed tunnel with longitudinal limit device of flexible joint","authors":"Yadong Li ,&nbsp;Junjie Lai ,&nbsp;Yong Yang ,&nbsp;Jinwen Zhou ,&nbsp;Yi Shan ,&nbsp;Jie Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flexible joints represent the most vulnerable aspect of the immersed tunnel, necessitating effective waterproofing and the transmission of forces between tunnel segments. However, the role of longitudinal limit devices in the seismic behavior of immersed tunnels is frequently overlooked in contemporary research on their seismic robustness. This study develops a longitudinal force model for flexible joints that incorporates the longitudinal limit device, building upon the beam-spring model of the immersed tunnel. Concurrently, a scaled partial experiment on the immersed tunnel’s flexible joint is undertaken, and validated and compared to the theoretical model. Subsequently, this model is utilized in the seismic assessment of the Ruyifang immersed tunnel. The computational findings revealed a considerable improvement in the seismic resilience of the immersed tunnel following the integration of longitudinal limit devices. With the incorporation of these devices, the opening of flexible joints diminished by 20% to 50% compared to scenarios lacking such devices. In addition, the peak acceleration of the tunnel segments’ mid-point structural response decreased by approximately 50%, accompanied by a significant reduction in the internal force response within the tunnel segments. As proposed in this research, the longitudinal force model for flexible joints under longitudinal limit devices represents the behavior of immersed tunnels under seismic stress more accurately. These numerical simulation outcomes also offer valuable insights for designing flexible joints in immersed tunnels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48505,"journal":{"name":"Underground Space","volume":"20 ","pages":"Pages 17-32"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2467967424000795/pdfft?md5=242d717c47bdf3fc56715b83905cadb4&pid=1-s2.0-S2467967424000795-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of fracture networks on the structural deformation of lined rock caverns under high internal gas pressure","authors":"Chenxi Zhao ,&nbsp;Qinghua Lei ,&nbsp;Zixin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we develop a two-dimensional (2D) numerical model based on the finite element method to analyse the impact of fracture networks on the behaviour of pressurised lined rock caverns (LRCs). We use the discrete fracture network approach to represent the fracture system in rock obeying a power law length distribution. The LRC consisting of an inner steel lining and an outer reinforced concrete is situated within the rock mass characterised by spatially distributed and intersected fractures. An elasto-brittle constitutive relationship is adopted to characterise the deformation/failure of intact rocks, while the classical Mazars damage model is used to simulate the cracking of concrete linings. For pre-existing fractures in rock, a non-linear stress-displacement formulation is implemented to capture their normal and shear deformations. The 2D model, representing the horizontal cross-section of an LRC with its surrounding rock mass, is subject to a prescribed in situ stress condition. We explore various fracture network scenarios associated with different values of power law length exponent and fracture intensity. We analyse the damage evolution in rock/concrete and tangential strain in the concrete/steel linings. It is found that the damage within the rock mass mainly evolves in the form of wing cracks that emanate from the tips of pre-existing fractures. For damage development in the concrete lining, it is primarily induced by tensile cracking under cavern pressurisation. The damage emerges in the lining sections where pre-existing fractures are located in the tensile region around the cavern and either intersect with the cavern wall or could reach the cavern wall by promoting wing crack propagation. The results and insights obtained from our study have significant implications for the design optimisation and performance assessment of LRCs for sustainable hydrogen storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48505,"journal":{"name":"Underground Space","volume":"21 ","pages":"Pages 252-269"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141845834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal intensity measure for seismic performance assessment of shield tunnels in liquefiable and non-liquefiable soils","authors":"Yiyao Shen ,&nbsp;M. Hesham El Naggar ,&nbsp;Dongmei Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhongkai Huang ,&nbsp;Xiuli Du","doi":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Relating the ground motion intensity measure (IM) and the structural engineering demand parameter is a crucial step in the performance-based earthquake engineering framework. This study investigates the selection of IM for development of probabilistic seismic demand model of urban shield tunnels subjected to earthquake ground motions in liquefiable and non-liquefiable soils. Nonlinear dynamic effective stress analyses are conducted to develop a database of the intensity measures and structural seismic responses exposed to ground shaking and soil liquefaction. Two advanced soil constitutive models (i.e., Pressure DependMultiYield03 and PressureIndependMultiYield for liquefiable and non-liquefiable soils, respectively) are employed to capture the nonlinear behavior. A suite of 23 ground motion intensity measures is selected and assessed based on the evaluation criteria of correlation, efficiency, practicality and proficiency. Eventually, the multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is employed to comprehensively consider the four evaluation criteria and establish the optimal ground motion IM suitable for probabilistic seismic demand analysis of shield tunnel structures. The obtained results show that the sustained maximum acceleration is the optimal IM for evaluating the structural seismic response, followed by the peak ground acceleration in both liquefiable and non-liquefiable soils. Peak pseudo velocity spectrum, displacement square integral and Housner spectral intensity are found to be not suitable for the probabilistic seismic demand analysis of shield tunnel structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48505,"journal":{"name":"Underground Space","volume":"21 ","pages":"Pages 149-163"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on shield tunnel seepage control via microbially induced calcite precipitation","authors":"Shuai Zhao ,&nbsp;Shi-Fan Wu ,&nbsp;Dong-Ming Zhang ,&nbsp;Hong-Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Jian Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the potential use of microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) to prevent seepage in shield tunnels with the aim of decarbonizing tunnel engineering. An apparatus was developed to conduct scale model tests to evaluate the effectiveness of using MICP for shield tunnel seepage control. To understand the MICP process and its induced change in seepage flow rate, a series of 1-<em>g</em> physical model tests were conducted using the designed apparatus to investigate the effect of injection methods, grouting pressure, and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) content produced as well as its distribution on the reduction of seepage flow rate for thephysical tunnel model with different backfills behind its linings. The variation law of the pore pressure near grouting hole of the tunnel segment was also revealed. Results indicated that when the amount of CaCO₃ precipitation in sand-grout mixtures was 10.53% and 10.12%, water seepage flow rate for thephysical tunnel modelwith Fujian- and coarse-sand-grout backfill respectively reduced by 94.3% and 73.8% of their respective initial values, and S-wave velocity increased by 89.6% and 84.9% for Fujian- and coarse-sand-grout mixture, respectively. The grouting pressure needed to be controlled within a certain range to prevent the unstable CaCO₃ precipitates from being washed away. The testing results also showed that the one-phase injection method was more effective in controlling seepage water into a shield tunnel. Based on the findings of the scale model tests, some vital considerations and suggestions were presented on the use of MICP approaches for shield tunnel seepage control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48505,"journal":{"name":"Underground Space","volume":"21 ","pages":"Pages 65-80"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141845501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated approach of predicting rock stability in high mountain valley underground caverns","authors":"Fuyuan Tan ,&nbsp;Haosen Guo ,&nbsp;Pengzhi Pan ,&nbsp;Zhaofeng Wang ,&nbsp;Xufeng Liu ,&nbsp;Yangyi Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High mountain valleys are characterized by the development of intricate ground stress fields due to geological processes such as tectonic stress, river erosion, and rock weathering. These processes introduce considerable stability concerns in the surrounding rock formations for underground engineering projects in these regions, highlighting the imperative need for rigorous stability assessments during the design phase to ensure construction safety. This paper introduces an innovative approach for the pre-evaluation of the stability of surrounding rocks in underground caverns situated within high mountain valleys. The methodology comprises several pivotal steps. Initially, we conduct inverse calculations of the ground stress field in complex geological terrains, combining field monitoring and numerical simulations. Subsequently, we ascertain stress-strength ratios of the surrounding rocks using various rock strength criteria. To assess the stability characteristics of the surrounding rocks in the 1^# spillway cave within our project area, we employ numerical simulations to compute stress-strength ratios based on different rock strength criteria. Furthermore, we undertake a comparative analysis, utilizing data from the 5^# Underground Laboratory (Lab 5) of Jinping II Hydropower Station, aligning the chosen rock strength criterion with the damage characteristics of Lab 5′s surrounding rocks. This analysis serves as the cornerstone for evaluating other mechanical responses of the surrounding rocks, thereby validating the pre-evaluation methodology. Our pre-evaluation method takes into account the intricate geological evolution processes specific to high mountain valleys. It also considers the influence of the initial geostress field within the geological range of underground caverns. This comprehensive approach provides a robust foundation for the analysis and assessment of the stability of surrounding rocks, especially in high mountain valley areas, during the design phase of underground engineering projects. The insights derived from this analysis hold substantial practical significance for the effective guidance of such projects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48505,"journal":{"name":"Underground Space","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 317-341"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2467967424000746/pdfft?md5=0f212efa334d36d48b5f77f1824979d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2467967424000746-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141838869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MatDEM-based study of disc cutter force model in open TBM tunnels: Incorporating installation radius and synergistic effects","authors":"Yadong Xue ,&nbsp;Lushan Shu ,&nbsp;Lan Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Luo ,&nbsp;Yongfa Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.undsp.2024.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prediction of rock cutting force is critical for tunnel boring machine performance and cutterhead design. This paper presents a novel model for rock cutting force prediction based on the Colorado School of Mines (CSM) model, which incorporates the installation position of disc cutters by introducing installation radius and synergistic effect factors. Linear cutting tests in the laboratory and large-scale rotary cutting simulations in MatDEM software were conducted to examine the impact of these factors. Results indicate that the normal and rolling forces increase and stabilize as the installation radius increases. The synergistic effect produces three force modes in a cutting circle, with mode α having the largest cutting force, mode β having a smaller force, and mode γ having the smallest force. The impact of installation radius and synergistic effect varies with rock-cutter parameters. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the introduced factors. The proposed model was validated with rock strength and operation data from the Irtysh River conveyance project. The results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the CSM model in predicting cutting force in field conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48505,"journal":{"name":"Underground Space","volume":"20 ","pages":"Pages 293-310"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}