Agricultural & Environmental Letters最新文献

{"title":"Incentive programs promote cover crop adoption in the northeastern United States","authors":"Barbara Chami,&nbsp;Meredith T. Niles,&nbsp;Stephen Parry,&nbsp;Steven B. Mirsky,&nbsp;Victoria J. Ackroyd,&nbsp;Matthew R. Ryan","doi":"10.1002/ael2.20114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ael2.20114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Farmers are increasingly planting cover crops to improve soil health and provide other ecosystem services. Cover crop incentive programs in Maryland, Pennsylvania, New York, and Vermont were compared and farmers using cover crops were surveyed (<i>n</i> = 328) to characterize program participants and assess the effects of programs on cover crop adoption. Farmers who participated in incentive programs differed from nonparticipants in their perspectives about incentive programs, challenges they faced using cover crops, and reasons for cover crop use. When averaged across farmers, results show that incentive programs doubled average farmer cropland with cover crops from 50.7 ha prior to participation to 101.0 ha during participation. Among participants who no longer were enrolled in a program, cover crop use remained on average 37.2% greater than before enrollment. Results highlight the role of incentive programs in facilitating adoption and provide insights for expanding participation to different farmers and increasing program impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.20114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50128629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can limits of plant available water be inferred from soil moisture distributions?","authors":"Meetpal S. Kukal,&nbsp;Suat Irmak","doi":"10.1002/ael2.20113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ael2.20113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Robust assessment of crop water availability requires effective integration of soil moisture data within the range of field capacity (<i>θ</i>_FC) to permanent wilting point (<i>θ</i>_PWP). Emerging needs for spatiotemporally dynamic <i>θ</i>_FC and <i>θ</i>_PWP are difficult to achieve with lab determinations. Therefore, we used long-term data from 182 sites across the United States to evaluate whether soil moisture extremes defined by 95th and 5th percentiles represent <i>θ</i>_FC and <i>θ</i>_PWP, respectively. Soil moisture extremes and lab-measured <i>θ</i>_FC and <i>θ</i>_PWP were well correlated (<i>R</i>² = 0.71−0.92), however, both 95th and 5th percentiles overestimated <i>θ</i>_FC and <i>θ</i>_PWP at most depths (RMSE = 6%–16% vwc). Percentiles of soil moisture distribution that corresponded to lab-determined <i>θ</i>_FC and <i>θ</i>_PWP varied widely and were a function of precipitation received at the site and site- and soil-depth specific clay content. These findings imply that while <i>θ</i>_FC and <i>θ</i>_PWP may not be broadly represented by soil moisture extremes (95th and 5th percentiles), there may be potential to statistically infer the positioning of <i>θ</i>_FC and <i>θ</i>_PWP within long-term soil moisture distributions using biophysical determinants such as aridity and soil characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.20113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50136880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon dioxide emissions in relation to water table in a restored fen","authors":"E. Anu Wille,&nbsp;Christian F. Lenhart,&nbsp;Randall K. Kolka","doi":"10.1002/ael2.20112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ael2.20112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many peatlands have been drained for anthropogenic purposes, and there is high interest in restoring them for their carbon storage ability and critical habitat. Peatlands hold a disproportionate amount of global soil carbon, making peatland restoration a promising approach for mitigating carbon emissions. In this study, site factors were investigated that affect peat carbon dioxide flux at Cold Spring fen in Minnesota, which is undergoing restoration. Peat carbon dioxide flux and water table depth were monitored throughout the growing season at two locations previously disturbed to different degrees by row-crop agriculture. Flux ranged from 0.55 to 12.71 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹ and was highest during peak growing season. Lower flux corresponded to elevated water table conditions. The more disturbed location often had lower flux, indicating success in hydrological restoration. The water table is an important factor in peatland restoration, and water table management should be considered to maximize carbon sequestration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.20112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50131631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC) assay assumptions: POXC is lignin sensitive","authors":"Finnleigh S. Woodings,&nbsp;Andrew J. Margenot","doi":"10.1002/ael2.20108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.20108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC) is a popular soil health test developed to measure “labile” C via the reduction of permanganate, dependent on several stoichiometric reduction oxidation assumptions. As a proof-of-concept experiment to evaluate the interpretation of POXC as “labile” C, we tested 17 compounds ranging in biological lability under standard POXC assay conditions at a fixed C mass (25 mg) in a quartz (2–0.053 mm diameter) matrix. POXC was high for lignin, whereas carbohydrates did not differ from the quartz control. Functional group-based reactivity partly explained permanganate reduction. These findings indicate that (i) POXC is not a labile C fraction and (ii) corroborate previous concerns that the stoichiometric oxidation–reduction assumptions in the calculation of C oxidation from permanganate reduced are not sound. POXC interpretation should regard POXC as a chemically defined fraction, report in units of moles permanganate reduced per kg soil, and avoid terms such as “labile” and “active.”</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.20108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47873164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in soil hydraulic conductivity in sweet potato field with living mulch","authors":"Junko Nishiwaki,&nbsp;Takuya Koseki,&nbsp;Naomi Asagi,&nbsp;Hirotaka Saito,&nbsp;Roy C. Sidle","doi":"10.1002/ael2.20106","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.20106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Living mulch (LM) is used in agricultural fields to suppress weeds, control diseases, and mitigate erosion. It also enhances soil nutrient supply at the root death and decay stage during the growing season. However, benefits of LM to soil hydraulic properties related to soil pore structure have not been elaborated here. We focus on temporal changes in soil hydraulic conductivity (<i>K</i>) in a field where sweet potato was grown with and without LM (barley, <i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L.). <i>K</i> was measured in the field using a mini-disk infiltrometer at three different pressure heads. In the plots with LM, <i>K</i> decreased significantly in August and then increased in October compared to plots without LM (at –0.5 cm pressure head). Changes in soil pore structure due to root growth or death and decay may alter soil hydraulic conductivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.20106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49452703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thanks to our 2022 reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ael2.20107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ael2.20107","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Maintaining the editorial standards of a scientific journal is the primary task of the journal editors. Their task is made much easier with the help of colleagues who are invited to review manuscripts. Through their critical comments and helpful suggestions, these volunteer reviewers have done much to maintain and further the quality of research reported in <i>Agricultural Letters &amp; Environmental Letters</i>. The members of the <i>Agricultural Letters &amp; Environmental Letters</i> Editorial Board express their appreciation to the following individuals who reviewed manuscripts in 2022. Many of the reviewers listed below reviewed more than one manuscript. We extend our apologies and thanks to those reviewers whose names have been inadvertently omitted from this list.</p><p>Acosta-Martinez, Veronica, USDA-ARS</p><p>Archer, David, USDA-ARS-NGPRL</p><p>Bardhan, Sougata, Lincoln University of Missouri</p><p>Basche, Andrea, University of Nebraska-Lincoln</p><p>Belasco, Eric</p><p>Brorsen, Wade, Oklahoma State University</p><p>Bryant, Ray, USDA-ARS-Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit</p><p>Buda, Anthony, USDA-ARS</p><p>Castellano, Michael, Iowa State University</p><p>Cates, Anna, University of Minnesota Twin Cities</p><p>Chakraborty, Debolina, University of Florida</p><p>Cheng, Weiguo, Yamagata University</p><p>Cheong, Kit-Leong</p><p>Clemensen, Andrea</p><p>Collick, Amy, Morehead State University</p><p>Culman, Steven, Washington State University</p><p>Daigh, Aaron, University of Nebraska-Lincoln</p><p>De Guzman, Christian, University of Arkansas System</p><p>Dell, Curtis, USDA-ARS Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit</p><p>DeSutter, Thomas, North Dakota State University</p><p>Devkota, Pratap, University of Florida</p><p>Dungan, Robert, USDA-ARS</p><p>Elnaker, Nancy, Khalifa University</p><p>Essington, Michael, University of Tennessee</p><p>Ewing, Patrick, USDA-ARS North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory</p><p>Farmaha, Bhupinder, Clemson University</p><p>Faulkner, Joshua, University of Vermont</p><p>Francisco, Eros</p><p>Franzen, David, North Dakota State University</p><p>Franzluebbers, Alan, USDA</p><p>Gailans, Stefan, Practical Farmers of Iowa</p><p>Gatiboni, Luke, North Carolina State University at Raleigh</p><p>Ghanem, Michel Edmond, ITK</p><p>Ghimire, Rajan, New Mexico State University</p><p>Ginakes, Peyton, University of Maine System</p><p>Good, Laura, University of Wisconsin-Madison</p><p>Graham, Jennifer, US Geological Survey Northeast Region</p><p>Guo, Mingxin, Delaware State University</p><p>Haden, Ryan, The Ohio State University</p><p>Hatfield, Jerry, USDA-ARS</p><p>Hawkesford, Malcolm J., Rothamsted Res</p><p>He, Zhongqi, USDA-ARS</p><p>Heilman, Philip, USDA-ARS</p><p>Joshi, Deepak, South Dakota State University</p><p>Kharel, Tulsi, USDA-ARS</p><p>Knappenberger, Thorsten, Auburn University</p><p>Kral-O'Brien, Katherine, North Dakota University System</p><p>Kukal, Meetpal, Pennsylvania State","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.20107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50122061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recipients of A&EL Editor's Citation for Excellence named","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ael2.20104","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.20104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The <i>Agricultural &amp; Environmental Letters</i> (A&amp;EL) editorial board has selected two individuals for recognition for excellence in performing their work as associate editors. The recognition is based on their efforts in establishing a quality review process—for timely and professional manuscript editing, for fair and rigorous integration of reviewer comments, and for overall excellence in managing a professional review process. The editorial board has also awarded three individuals the Editor's Citation for Excellence in Review. Members of the A&amp;EL editorial board express their deepest appreciation for these associate editors and volunteer reviewers, who have benefited our journal, our community, and our sciences through their outstanding work.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.20104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43957034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil health tradeoffs may be minimal in phosphorus-enriched Coastal Plain soils","authors":"Lauren R. Mosesso,&nbsp;Amy L. Shober","doi":"10.1002/ael2.20101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.20101","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil health practices can improve soil conditions and provide ecosystem services, but increased risk of phosphorus (P) loss can be an unintended consequence. We investigated conservation tillage and cover crops effects on soil P stratification, P accumulation at depth, and soil aggregation for sandy Coastal Plain soils from the Mid-Atlantic United States soil cores from 10 agricultural fields with 0–15 years of conservation tillage or cover cropping were analyzed for Mehlich-3 P and dry aggregate stability. We found no evidence that conservation tillage or cover cropping caused P stratification or accumulation in study fields that were already enriched with P prior to soil health implementation. Annual particulate, dissolved runoff, and leachate P loads decreased when estimated using the North Carolina Phosphorus Loss Assessment Tool assuming no-till and cover crops (soil health) compared to conventional till and winter fallow (conventional). We suggest that soil health practices are unlikely to exacerbate P losses from high P Coastal Plain soils beyond their initial risk profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.20101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43579049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating tradeoffs in nitrogen loss pathways using an environmental damage cost framework","authors":"Giovani Preza-Fontes,&nbsp;Laura E. Christianson,&nbsp;Cameron M. Pittelkow","doi":"10.1002/ael2.20103","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.20103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Few studies have addressed whether in-field practices to reduce nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃-N) leaching might increase nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, which could undermine attempts to mitigate agricultural N pollution. Over a 3-year period, we assessed the impacts of N application timing and cereal rye (<i>Secale cereale</i> L.) cover crop on subsurface drainage NO₃-N leaching and N₂O emissions to quantify changes in total N loss and corresponding social and environmental damage costs under continuous corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.). While NO₃-N losses were reduced by 37% with the combination of in-season split N application and cereal rye cover crop relative to pre-season N application, soil N₂O emissions increased by 26%, highlighting a tradeoff between N loss pathways. As a result, total N losses and social and environmental damage costs from each system were not different. These results demonstrate the importance of addressing agricultural N pollution using a holistic framework accounting for the environmental and social risks of both NO₃-N losses and N₂O emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.20103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45899046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raman spectroscopic assessment of fibers and seeds of six cotton genotypes","authors":"Zhongqi He,&nbsp;Sunghyun Nam,&nbsp;David Fang","doi":"10.1002/ael2.20102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ael2.20102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a vibrational spectroscopy. This work reported the RS spectral characteristics of fiber and seed of six cotton (<i>Gossypium</i> sp.) genotypes differing in fiber length. While the RS spectra of fiber samples were dominated by the cellulose-related peaks, the spectra of cottonseed samples were featured by the bands related to oil, protein, carbohydrate, and lignin components. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first two principal components (PCs) accounted for &gt;87% of the total variation of the two types of samples. The PC1 versus PC2 plot classified the six fiber samples into three groups, but their cottonseeds into four groups. This experimental evidence implied the possibility of RS combined with PCA for rapid fiber phenotyping of cotton as well as for evaluating cottonseed nutrient information.</p>","PeriodicalId":48502,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ael2.20102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43446967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}