Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology最新文献

{"title":"Current Trends in the Application of Stem Cells and Their Derivatives in Animal Sperm Cryopreservation","authors":"M. A. Tambovsky,&nbsp;A. M. Aimaletdinov,&nbsp;E. Yu. Zakirova","doi":"10.1134/S1990747823050112","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990747823050112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sperm cryopreservation is an important part of preserving the germ cells of various organisms. However, when gametes are frozen, various damage often occur, which have a significant impact in artificial insemination. After thawing, spermatozoa usually have ultrastructural, biochemical, and functional changes such as damage of cell membrane and chromatin and oxidative stress. Since spermatozoa have a limited capacity for biosynthetic activity, they have a low capacity for regeneration. The current trend is to improve sperm cryopreservation using natural extracellular vesicles and stem cells. Extracellular vesicles and stem cells have potential regenerative effects because they contain various bioactive molecules to affect sperm repair. The present review focuses on current strategies to improve sperm health after cryopreservation. In particular, this review describes the results of studies on the use of extracellular vesicles and stem cells as cryoprotectants during sperm freezing and thawing.</p>","PeriodicalId":484,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology","volume":"17 4","pages":"243 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138569859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Toxic Effect of 2-(Chlorodinitromethyl)-4-Methoxy-6-(4-Methylpiperazine-1-yl)-1,3,5-Triazine by Respiratory Activity of Lymphocytes","authors":"P. V. Iliasov,&nbsp;L. V. Limareva,&nbsp;A. I. Sizova,&nbsp;V. A. Zalomlenkov,&nbsp;A. P. Kuricyna","doi":"10.1134/S1990747823050057","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990747823050057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A method for evaluation of metabolic characteristics of intact cells based on electrochemical registration of their respiratory activity was used to monitor a reaction of lymphocytes to a potential pharmacological agent, 2-(chlorodinitromethyl)-4-methoxy-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine. The method ensured an estimation of cytotoxicity of the test compound and made it possible to determine its minimum toxic concentrations for human lymphocytes. It was shown that the obtained results agree with the data of the reference method, MTT-based cell viability assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":484,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology","volume":"17 4","pages":"269 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138610211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Piezo1 Channels in Mechano-Anabolic Coupling in Rat Soleus Muscle","authors":"K. V. Sergeeva,&nbsp;S. A. Tyganov,&nbsp;V. E. Kalashnikov,&nbsp;B. S. Shenkman,&nbsp;T. M. Mirzoev","doi":"10.1134/S1990747823050082","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990747823050082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is known that activation of protein synthesis and hypertrophy of muscle fibers in response to mechanical stress is realized through an anabolic mTORC1-dependent signaling pathway. However, mechanosensors through which a mechanical signal can be perceived and further transmitted to the mTORC1-dependent signaling pathway (mechanotransduction) are poorly identified. Mechanically activated (MA) ion channels are candidates for the role of such sarcolemmal mechanosensors. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of MA channels (Piezo1) in the activation of the mTORC1-dependent pathway in the isolated rat soleus muscle in response to mechanical stress. Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: (1) “Control” (animal muscles were not exposed to MA channel inhibitor or Piezo1 channel activator); (2) “Gadolinium” (animal muscles were incubated with gadolinium chloride, MA channel inhibitor), and (3) “Yoda” (animal muscles were incubated with Yoda1, Piezo1 MA channel activator). In rats from each group, <i>m. soleus</i> was isolated from the left limb and incubated in the appropriate solution without mechanical stress in the form of a series of stretching (“Rest”); <i>m. soleus</i> from the right limb was subjected to a series of stretching (“Stretch”) and then incubated in the appropriate solution. Phosphorylation of mTORC1 targets (p70S6K, rpS6, and 4E-BP1) in rat <i>m. soleus</i> was determined by PAAG electrophoresis and immunoblotting. A series of passive stretches of isolated <i>m. soleus</i> led to an increase in the phosphorylation of p70S6K, its substrate rpS6, and 4E-BP1 by 38.5, 168 and 112%, respectively, compared to the muscle that was not subjected to mechanical stress. Incubation of the muscles with gadolinium completely prevented the activation of mTORC1 markers caused by a series of stretches. Incubation of <i>m. soleus</i> in a solution with Yoda1 resulted in a decrease in the mechano-dependent phosphorylation of p70S6K, rpS6 and 4E-BP1 compared to the muscle that was not exposed to Yoda1. Thus, the methodological approach used in this work did not reveal the participation of Piezo1 in mechano-anabolic coupling in rat <i>m. soleus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":484,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology","volume":"17 4","pages":"286 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138565808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action of Serotonin Precursor Synthesis 5-Oxytryptophan on EPSP Recorded in Premotor Interneurons of Snail after Formation of Conditioned Defensive Reflex","authors":"A. I. Arslanov,&nbsp;D. I. Silantyeva,&nbsp;V. V. Andrianov,&nbsp;I. B. Deryabina,&nbsp;Kh. L. Gainutdinov","doi":"10.1134/S1990747823050033","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990747823050033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A quantitative study of subthreshold excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP) recorded intracellularly in giant premotor interneurons of the terrestrial snail was carried out after the formation of a conditioned defensive reflex of food aversion in snails with increased level of serotonin. The results showed a significant increase in the number of low-amplitude EPSP with an amplitude from 0.3 to 0.5 mV in the giant premotor interneurons of defensive behavior after learning and increasing the level of serotonin. The observed increase in the number of EPSP may indicate either an increase in the number of action potentials in the corresponding presynaptic neurons or an increase in the amplitudes of the EPSP that were previously undetectable.</p>","PeriodicalId":484,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology","volume":"17 4","pages":"264 - 268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138566185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Membranes Electroporation Cannot Be Described by the Constant Line Tension Model of the Pore Edge","authors":"P. K. Gifer,&nbsp;O. V. Batishchev","doi":"10.1134/S1990747823040050","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990747823040050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We have studied the process of electroporation of bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) made of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC). We obtained experimental data on the average lifetime of the membrane as a function of applied transmembrane voltage in the range of 200–375 mV. The analysis of the obtained data showed that the dependence is nonmonotonic and cannot be described in terms of the classical theory of electroporation. These results are consistent with modern models of the process of formation of through conductive pores in a membrane. The above models imply a complex pore energy profile and its dependence on a membrane tension and an external electric field. Thus, we have shown that the classical theory of electroporation does not satisfy the experimentally observed dependencies of the average membrane lifetime on the applied potential difference and requires further refinement.</p>","PeriodicalId":484,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology","volume":"17 3","pages":"195 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4564651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunofluorescent Identification of GABAergic Structures in the Somatic Muscle of the Earthworm Lumbricus terrestris","authors":"L. F. Nurullin,&nbsp;N. D. Almazov,&nbsp;E. M. Volkov","doi":"10.1134/S1990747823040074","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990747823040074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><h3>\u0000 <b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Using the immunofluorescence confocal microscopy, we detected the following GABAergic structures in the somatic muscle of the body wall of the earthworm: neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA); the enzyme responsible for synthesis of GABA, glutamate decarboxylase; type 1, 2, and 3 membrane transporters of GABA providing its reuptake; pre- and postsynaptic type A (ionotropic) and type B (metabotropic) GABA receptors. These structures are localized in the areas of cholinergic neuromuscular synapses. We assume that GABA can participate in modulation of motor activity of the earthworm somatic muscles both at pre- and postsynaptic levels of cholinergic neuromuscular synapses.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":484,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology","volume":"17 3","pages":"208 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4561957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Force Characteristics of Yersinia pestis Lipopolysaccharide Interaction with TLR4 and CD14 Receptors on J774 Macrophages: Atomic Force Microscopy","authors":"V. S. Belozerov,&nbsp;B. A. Ananchenko,&nbsp;I. V. Konyshev,&nbsp;L. G. Dudina,&nbsp;S. A. Konnova,&nbsp;E. V. Rozhina,&nbsp;R. F. Fakhrullin,&nbsp;A. A. Byvalov","doi":"10.1134/S1990747823040037","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990747823040037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the main stages of the infectious process, which largely determines the course and outcome of the disease, is the primary contact of the pathogen with the host cells. A key role in this interaction of gram-negative bacteria with immunocompetent cells of the macroorganism is played by lipopolysaccharide of the outer membrane, which initiates the launch and development of immune reactions by interacting with a number of specific receptors, primarily CD14 and TLR4. The aim of this study was to quantify by atomic force microscopy the force characteristics of the interaction of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> lipopolysaccharide of the EV vaccine strain with CD14 and TLR4 receptors on the surface of murine J774 macrophages. The lipopolysaccharide was isolated from <i>Y. pestis</i> cells of the EV vaccine strain grown at 27°C. Fluorescence and confocal microscopy were used to evaluate the expression of receptors on the cell surface. Using monoclonal antibodies to CD14 and TLR4 receptors, the force characteristics of the interaction of lipopolysaccharide on the surface of the cantilever probe (tip) with J774 macrophages were evaluated by force spectroscopy. The conditions of immobilization of J774 macrophages on glass made it possible to scan their surface and assess the force of adhesion to the cells of target antigens by atomic force microscopy. Incubation of immobilized macrophages in solutions with monoclonal antibodies to CD14 and TLR4 receptors caused a decrease in the main force characteristics of interaction in the J774 macrophage–<i>Y. pestis</i> lipopolysaccharide system compared with intact, untreated cells. A similar effect was observed after pretreatment of cells with a solution of the same lipopolysaccharide without monoclonal antibodies. The results obtained indicate the ability of the lipopolysaccharide chemically bound to the probe to interact with CD14 and TLR4 receptors on the surface of macrophages.</p>","PeriodicalId":484,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology","volume":"17 3","pages":"200 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4564654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Membrane-Active Mitochondria-Targeted Antitumor Agents and Drug Delivery Systems","authors":"A. P. Sadikov,&nbsp;Z. G. Denieva,&nbsp;U. A. Budanova,&nbsp;Yu. L. Sebyakin","doi":"10.1134/S1990747823040062","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990747823040062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><h3>\u0000 <b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Mitochondria are the “power stations” of cells. Without them, the normal functioning of a living cell is impossible. This organelle is an attractive target for antitumor therapy because of the variety of processes in which mitochondria are involved and the differences between mitochondria in healthy and tumor cells. In this review, various approaches to the development of diagnostic and therapeutic agents selectively directed to the mitochondria of tumor cells are described. The main mitochondrial vector ligands are described, as well as their conjugation with known antitumor drugs and combination with common drug delivery systems.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":484,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology","volume":"17 3","pages":"183 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4563534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Auxin on Fatty Acid Composition and Activity of Acyl-Lipid Desaturases in Seedlings of Spring Wheat Triticum aestivum L.","authors":"N. P. Kovalevskaya","doi":"10.1134/S1990747822060083","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990747822060083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of exogenous auxin on changes in the fatty acid composition of the total lipids of leaves and roots of spring wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) seedlings was studied. It was found that the diversity of fatty acids in vegetative organs (leaf and root) depended not only on the concentration of auxin, but also on the donor of nitric oxide (N₂ and NO₃). With an increase in the concentration of exogenous auxin, there was an increase in microviscosity and a decrease in the permeability of membranes of vegetative organs of wheat, which was confirmed by a decrease in the double bond index (DBI). At the same time, there was an increase in the concentration of saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic), which were used as precursors for the formation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA). It was found that exogenous auxin led to an increase in the total content of VLCFA in leaves with a deficit (8.4%) and an excess of NO donors (12.3%). The introduction of exogenous auxin eliminated significant differences in desaturase activity in wheat roots at different levels of nitric oxide donors. It was suggested that the biosynthesis of docosadienoic acid (C_22:2) in leaves is one of the key stages in the formation of the adaptive response of cell membranes to the effects of abiotic stresses during plant ontogenesis. An increase in the NO level promoted the movement of auxin from the roots to the shoots, which can serve as a regulator of the activity of elongases and desaturases during the synthesis of VLCFA.</p>","PeriodicalId":484,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology","volume":"17 3","pages":"214 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4563651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzimidazole Derivative NS1619 Inhibits Functioning of Mitochondria Isolated from Mouse Skeletal Muscle","authors":"M. V. Dubinin,&nbsp;A. D. Igoshkina,&nbsp;A. A. Semenova,&nbsp;N. V. Mikina,&nbsp;E. I. Khoroshavina,&nbsp;K. N. Belosludtsev","doi":"10.1134/S1990747823030066","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990747823030066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The activator of the large-conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channel (BK_Ca) NS1619 is known to have a pleiotropic action and is able to affect the functioning of other transport systems of the cell and its organelles. In this work, we have studied the effect of this benzimidazole derivative on the functioning of isolated mouse skeletal muscle mitochondria. NS1619 has been shown to dose-dependently inhibit respiration and oxidative phosphorylation of mouse skeletal muscle mitochondria fuelled by glutamate/malate (complex I substrates) or succinate (complex II substrate). This action of NS1619 is based on the inhibition of the activity of complexes I, III, and IV of the respiratory chain of organelles, as well as ATP synthase and is accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease in the membrane potential of organelles fuelled by the above substrates or ATP. In addition, NS1619 significantly reduces the ability of mitochondria to uptake and retain calcium ions in the matrix. At the same time, we noted the antioxidant effect of NS1619 expressed in a decrease in the production of hydrogen peroxide by skeletal muscle mitochondria fuelled by glutamate and malate. The mechanisms of the possible toxic effects of NS1619 on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and its contribution to the side effects observed in the treatment of muscle pathologies in vivo are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":484,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology","volume":"17 2","pages":"127 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4725859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}