{"title":"From efficiency to immersion: understanding generational differences in avatar interactions","authors":"Shashank Singh Pawar, Anubhav A. Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study uses socioemotional selectivity theory to examine how the core typology of avatar design, both in form and behavioral realism, impacts consumer interactions across generations. Understanding avatar design influence is essential as it increasingly shapes online consumer experiences. Although research exists, the combined effects of form and behavioral realism on consumer interaction responses remain underexplored. Through in-depth interviews with 45 participants across Generations X, Millennials (Y), and Z, this research identifies key design elements that enhance avatar design. Findings indicate that the spatial dimension of avatars, including variations in shape, significantly contributes to form realism. Additionally, behavioral elements such as communication modalities, competence, empathy, and dynamic interactions enhance behavioral realism. Also, we find significant differences in the cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses to avatar interaction across generations. These interactive responses are also influenced by contingency factors such as inter-avatar dynamics, media channel preferences (mobile versus fixed devices), and privacy risk. We propose a framework for aligning avatars’ design typology to enhance consumer interaction, offering valuable insights for marketers and designers aiming to optimize avatar-driven experiences across age groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48471,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Behavior","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108732"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuying Tan , Sara Pabian , Heidi Vandebosch , Karolien Poels
{"title":"Enhancing user satisfaction in the reporting of online sexual harassment on social media: The role of anthropomorphic design in mitigating negative emotions and building trust","authors":"Yuying Tan , Sara Pabian , Heidi Vandebosch , Karolien Poels","doi":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of reporting systems for sexual harassment and other transgressive behavior on social media often results in low user satisfaction due to delayed or absent responses and a lack of empathy for users' situations. This study examines whether and how anthropomorphic designs, or human-like design features, can reduce users' negative emotions, increase trust, and subsequently enhance user satisfaction with such reporting systems. In a between-subjects experiment with 286 participants, individuals were exposed to an online sexual harassment scenario as a victim-survivor and instructed to report the incident. They were assigned to one of three reporting conditions: a non-anthropomorphic design condition (a machine-like system with an interface which has no human-like attributes), a low anthropomorphic design condition (a basic chatbot system, with an interface which has a low level of human attributes), and a high anthropomorphic design condition (a chatbot system with a high level of human attributes). Results indicated that both high and low anthropomorphic designs increased perceived anthropomorphism which significantly improved user satisfaction compared to non-anthropomorphic designs by reducing negative emotions and increasing trust, and that high anthropomorphic designs led to the highest levels of overall user satisfaction. This study contributes to the literature by advancing the understanding of anthropomorphic design's impact on user interaction in the specific context of reporting systems for online sexual harassment. Additionally, it provides practical design recommendations for social media platforms to implement more empathetic and supportive reporting systems, ultimately enhancing user satisfaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48471,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Behavior","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108733"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guozhu Ding , Zuer Liu , Shan Li , Jie Cao , Zhuohai Ye
{"title":"Impact of mindset types and social community compositions on opinion dynamics: A large language model-based multi-agent simulation study","authors":"Guozhu Ding , Zuer Liu , Shan Li , Jie Cao , Zhuohai Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of individual mindsets and social community compositions (SCC) on opinion dynamics through a large language model-based multi-agent simulation. We categorized mindsets into five types: very negative, more negative, neutral, more positive, and very positive, and simulated four SCC: uniformly distributed, normally distributed, negatively power-law distributed, and positively power-law distributed. Our investigation focused on opinion shifts regarding increased AI use in classrooms. Findings reveal that, compared to individuals with neutral and positive mindsets, those with negative mindsets experienced a greater degree of perspective change when influenced by others. They also exhibited a stronger tendency toward conformity, whereas moderately negative and positive nodes showed more opinion stability. Moreover, positive viewpoints were more effective in causing this change than neutral ones. The dominant mindset type within a community significantly shapes the public opinion environment. Additionally, individuals’ emotional tendencies towards a topic showed a moderate positive correlation with the number of positive arguments and a moderate negative correlation with the number of negative arguments. The use of large language models for simulating complex opinion formation processes in social networks represents a novel contribution to the field. These insights have important implications for understanding and managing public opinion in digital spaces, providing a foundation for future studies on opinion evolution in online communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48471,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Behavior","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108730"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benny Markovitch , Jonas C.C. Kamps , Panos Markopoulos , Max V. Birk
{"title":"Do cognitive assessment games leave infrequent video game players behind? Evaluating frequent and infrequent players’ gaming experience and data quality","authors":"Benny Markovitch , Jonas C.C. Kamps , Panos Markopoulos , Max V. Birk","doi":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive assessment games are designed for the purpose of providing engaging and motivating cognitive assessment experiences in clinical and research settings. However, due to oversampling of frequent video game players, it is unclear how well cognitive assessment games serve individuals who rarely, if ever, play video games. This lack of understanding prevents researchers from identifying infrequent gamers’ needs and thus limits efforts to address those needs. To identify whether and how cognitive assessment games under-serve infrequent video game players, we compared the gaming experience and quality of cognitive data between frequent and infrequent video game players in a large-scale online study (<span><math><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>176</mn></mrow></math></span>) with the cognitive assessment game Tunnel Runner.</div><div>Using Bayesian inference, we found strong evidence that compared to frequent gamers, infrequent gamers provided equally precise data for behaviorally simple measures of baseline reaction time and interference control; yet provided less precise data for behaviorally complex measures of response inhibition and response-rule switching. Furthermore, our results indicated that infrequent gamers reported worse gaming experiences overall, including lower mastery, meaning, ease of control, clarity of goals and feedback, and usability, alongside higher frustration. Nevertheless, we found evidence that both groups felt equally focused on the game, and experienced similar levels of effort, reward, autonomy, curiosity, and aesthetic appeal. Our findings help identify the challenges that serious and cognitive assessment games may pose for infrequent video game players and highlight the need to include, understand, and address the needs of infrequent gamers during the research and development of cognitive games.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48471,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Behavior","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108720"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Who watches porn? Demographic insights from web tracking data","authors":"Alberto Martinez-Serra , Ana Sofia Cardenal","doi":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The penetration of high-speed internet and mobile technology in our daily life has transformed pornography consumption, making it one of the most viewed online contents. Traditional survey-based research measuring pornography consumption has been correlated in the past with self-report biases, mostly underreporting due to social stigma. To avoid this, the current study of pornography consumption has shifted towards the use of large-scale web tracking data to analyse the differences in consumption patterns.</div><div>Our research reveals that online pornography consumption is concentrated on a small number of dominant platforms, with most users displaying strong loyalty to specific websites rather than exploring unknown websites. Consumption peaks during morning and evening hours, with declines at late night and midday. Mobile devices have become the primary access point for pornography, with tablets being more used, and desktop and laptop less but still relevant.</div><div>We examined demographic factors such as gender, age, and ideology of pornography users. Findings reveal that men are the primary consumers, with female consumption becoming significant in some countries. Consumption is common across all ages, being the highest at the 30s and then decreasing with age. While ideological self-identification shows no strong association with pornography use, a significant difference emerges in partisan media exposure, with pornography users exhibiting slightly more centrist media diets than non-users.</div><div>Using empirical web tracking data and behavioural analysis, this study provides one of the largest scale assessments of online pornography consumption. Despite the limitations, the findings reported in this article provide valuable insights into behavioural science and contribute to broader social discussions around pornography consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48471,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Behavior","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108731"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phatthira Wissawaswaengsuk , Prashant Kumar , Björn Frank , Yuosre F. Badir
{"title":"The role of trust as the facilitator and contingency factor in the adoption of digital healthcare services: A telemedicine context","authors":"Phatthira Wissawaswaengsuk , Prashant Kumar , Björn Frank , Yuosre F. Badir","doi":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article revisits the role of trust in digital healthcare services, specifically telemedicine, as a context of heightened privacy risks. It posits that trust in a telemedicine service provider causes potential users of the telemedicine service to have confidence in the service provider, and empowers them to take responsibility for their own service adoption decision. Drawing on both the unified theory of acceptance and use of the technology and the contingency theory, this article conceptualizes trust as a contingency factor (i.e., moderator) that alters the influence of the determinants of adoption decisions that have not been examined previously in the extant literature. Based on survey data from 483 consumers, the results suggest that trust in the service provider has a positive effect on the user's intention to use a digital healthcare service (i.e., telemedicine). Moreover, it positively moderates (i.e., strengthens) the influence of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and online privacy concerns, but negatively moderates (i.e., weakens) the effect of the facilitating conditions on this intention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48471,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Behavior","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108722"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How do source evaluation criteria develop? A microgenetic study of growth of epistemic ideals","authors":"Sarit Barzilai , Clark A. Chinn","doi":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a modern world rife with misinformation, people encounter information from diverse sources and need to be able to evaluate their credibility. The aim of our study was to examine when and how students adopt novel source credibility evaluation criteria. Using the microgenetic method, we tracked the emergence of source credibility evaluation criteria among 20 ninth-grade students who engaged in collaborative inquiry tasks with multiple scientific documents over 13 weekly sessions. Students were individually interviewed six times to trace changes in their criteria. The findings revealed that all students adopted new criteria over time. Benevolence, integrity, and validation criteria emerged later than expertise, venue professionality, and recency criteria. Criteria use exhibited diverse patterns including steady use, step-like change, and wave-like change. Several conditions facilitated the emergence of novel criteria: encounters with diverse sources (especially low-quality ones), metacognitive elaboration of the meaning of criteria, and social interactions that encouraged attention to source quality. These findings show that learners can identify and adopt novel source evaluation criteria when these bear meaningfully on their goals. Our study also uncovers the conditions and trajectories of adoption of source evaluation criteria. These findings can inform the design of learning environments and instruction for supporting critical source evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48471,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Behavior","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108729"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicolae Nistor , Benedikt Artmann , Dilara Isik , Nora Neziri , Dorin Stanciu
{"title":"Knowledge types and cognitive processing modes associated with online news credibility assessment: An interview study","authors":"Nicolae Nistor , Benedikt Artmann , Dilara Isik , Nora Neziri , Dorin Stanciu","doi":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Misinformation is widely recognized as a societal challenge, but little is known about the interplay of prior knowledge, cognitive processing modes, and information credibility assessment. This research gap is addressed against the backdrop of epistemic cognition, analytic and intuitive thinking styles, and persuasion knowledge. Asking general research questions (i.e., how do participants react to online news? Which credibility criteria do they consider? How accurately do they assess the news credibility?), <em>N</em> = 51 adults were interviewed. The transcript analysis and a more detailed analysis of four cases reveal that, overall, the participants were self-confident when interacting with online news, but in many cases failed to recognize fake news. After a first emotional reaction probably due to cognitive dissonance, they activated knowledge described by the persuasion knowledge model that was, notably, fragmentary or missing in many cases. This led the participants to switch between cognitive processing styles during the process of information credibility assessment. In conclusion, we propose a modification of Pennycook's three-stage dual process model and discuss implications for further educational research and practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48471,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Behavior","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108721"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peiying Wu , Sheng Zou , Changfeng Chen , Yunya Song
{"title":"Hotbed of stigmatization or source of support: A multimodal analysis of mental health-related videos on Douyin","authors":"Peiying Wu , Sheng Zou , Changfeng Chen , Yunya Song","doi":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates how mental health stigma is constructed and contested through multimodal discourses on Douyin, one of China's most influential short-video platforms. Drawing on a stratified sample of 200 high-engagement videos posted between 2018 and 2023 across 20 widely viewed mental health–related hashtags, we extract and analyze 3416 image frames using a multimodal social semiotic framework. Integrating computer vision techniques, AI-assisted annotation, and moral foundations analysis, we examine how visual, textual, and auditory elements coalesce to encode stigma or promote anti-stigma narratives. Stigmatizing content frequently employs dark color schemes, high-angle shots, and emotionally charged audio to evoke fear and reinforce moral framings of degradation. In contrast, anti-stigma videos tend to feature warmer aesthetics and narratives grounded in appeals to care, fairness, and resilience. Discursive patterns also vary by diagnosis, reflecting distinct rhetorical and affective framings. Theoretically, this study reconceptualizes mental health stigma as a visually mediated and morally framed phenomenon shaped by the logics of algorithmic platforms. Douyin thus functions as both a vector of stigmatization and a potential site for empathetic, inclusive discourse, offering practical implications for digital mental health advocacy in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48471,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Behavior","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108716"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne Reinhardt , Jörg Matthes , Ljubisa Bojic , Helle T. Maindal , Corina Paraschiv , Knud Ryom
{"title":"Help me, Doctor AI? A cross-national experiment on the effects of disease threat and stigma on AI health information-seeking intentions","authors":"Anne Reinhardt , Jörg Matthes , Ljubisa Bojic , Helle T. Maindal , Corina Paraschiv , Knud Ryom","doi":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chb.2025.108718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Generative AI chatbots are emerging as novel sources for health information. Adopting a cross-national perspective, this study examines how disease-related factors—namely, disease threat and stigma—influence both individuals' intentions to seek health information via generative AI and their preferences for AI compared to traditional interpersonal sources like doctors and peers. In a preregistered 2x2 online experiment, participants from Austria, Denmark, France, and Serbia (<em>N</em><sub><em>total</em></sub> = 1951) encountered written scenarios about their health that manipulated disease threat (low vs. high) and stigma (low vs. high). The sample was stratified to ensure representativeness for age, gender, and educational level across the countries studied. Results showed no main effect of disease threat on AI information-seeking intentions, but stigma significantly influenced preferences, particularly in mild health conditions. Participants were more likely to consult AI over peers for stigmatized conditions, highlighting the role of AI's anonymous interface in reducing social judgment. Country differences further revealed that national contexts also shape AI adoption: while participants in Denmark and France showed a stronger preference for AI over peers, those in Serbia and Austria preferred peers over AI. Additionally, AI trust and literacy emerged as the strongest predictors of both AI usage intentions and preferences. These findings indicate that gen AI tools can play a complementary role in the health information ecosystem, particularly for stigmatized conditions and in contexts where traditional sources are perceived as less accessible or judgment-free.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48471,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Behavior","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108718"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}