American Psychologist最新文献

{"title":"Natural disaster, social cohesion, and prosociality: A natural experiment.","authors":"Anthony D Mancini, Rachael Roizer, Giovanni Fardella, Asha Kadir, Zachary Model","doi":"10.1037/amp0001732","DOIUrl":"10.1037/amp0001732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although natural disaster often stimulates prosocial behavior, it is unclear whether more severe forms of disaster enhance or detract from these effects. We investigated the impact of flooding on prosociality, its moderation by social cohesion, and stress appraisal as a key mediator. Participants were drawn from a natural experiment of Hurricane Sandy (<i>n</i> = 1,182 flooded participants; <i>n</i> = 3,162 nonflooded controls). Flooded participants reported greater volunteering time and more varied volunteering tasks (<i>p</i>s < .0001), but not a greater likelihood of any volunteering, relative to controls. An instrumental variable analysis supported a causal effect of flood on greater volunteering time and more varied volunteering. Flooding also interacted with social cohesion so that greater volunteering time occurred only among individuals who reported moderate to high levels of cohesion. In addition, prior experience with rescue and recovery after the 9/11 terror attacks robustly predicted prosocial outcomes. Finally, stressful hurricane appraisals fully mediated the effect of flooding on greater volunteering time and more varied helping behavior, suggesting a key positive role for stress appraisals. Plausible confounds, such as residing in the inundation zone, evacuating, and demographic factors, did not account for the flood-prosocial behavior link. Findings indicate that severe disasters can promote more sustained and varied volunteering behavior, that a moderate degree of social cohesion may be necessary for sustained prosociality, and that stress appraisals are potential mechanisms of persistent prosocial responses to severe disaster. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148254007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Competences for Undergraduate Psychology (ICUP): A constructive shift for psychology?","authors":"Susan A Nolan, Jacquelyn Cranney, Susanne Narciss, Sonja Goedeke, Michael A Machin, Luciana Karine de Souza, Judith Gullifer, Remo Job, Julie A Hulme, Fanli Jia, Verónica Boeta Madera, Lori Foster, Dragos Iliescu, Xing-Da Ju, Haruyuki Kojima, Aneesh Kumar, Marc Eric S Reyes, Therese M S Tchombe, Waikaremoana Waitoki","doi":"10.1037/amp0001687","DOIUrl":"10.1037/amp0001687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International Collaboration on Undergraduate Psychology Outcomes project developed the <i>International Competences for Undergraduate Psychology</i> model to offer a globally relevant framework to provide a reference point for reflection on and development of foundational undergraduate psychology programs across diverse international settings. The project, guided by the International Collaboration on Undergraduate Psychology Outcomes Committee and advisory group members (120 across 47 nations), was inspired by the concepts of psychological literacy and global citizenship and informed by reviews of both overarching and specific competence frameworks. The model emerged through systematic, inclusive processes of scholarship, collaboration, consultation, analysis, and synthesis. It comprises 24 foundational competences across two core categories, psychological knowledge and psychological research methodologies and methods, and five psychology-relevant categories: values and ethics, cultural responsiveness and diversity, critical thinking and problem solving, communication and interpersonal skills, and personal and professional development. The <i>International Competences for Undergraduate Psychology</i> model, the first of its kind, addresses the need of stakeholders to understand how graduates of foundational psychology programs can contribute meaningfully to personal, work, and community contexts. It responds to epistemic imbalances, geographic biases, and the urgent need for culturally inclusive and contextually relevant educational frameworks at a critical time for psychology. Moreover, the model provides a foundation for a shift in the discipline of psychology toward more globally inclusive and impactful processes and outcomes. Rather than prescribing uniform standards, the <i>International Competences for Undergraduate Psychology</i> model offers an adaptable framework that can complement existing national or regional competence models. This approach ensures foundational psychology education aligns with current and future societal needs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Material for Natural Disaster, Social Cohesion, and Prosociality: A Natural Experiment","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/amp0001732.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001732.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148285767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two dimensions of access: Availability and affordability of mental health care across the United States.","authors":"Junsang Park, Hye Rin Kim, Ryan D Duffy, David Vogel, Brian TaeHyuk Keum, Sungjae Lee, Natalia L Tomé","doi":"10.1037/amp0001735","DOIUrl":"10.1037/amp0001735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Access is the first gateway to mental health care utilization, shaping who ultimately receives support and who does not. However, access is multidimensional, influenced concurrently by structural, financial, and social conditions. Among these, availability and affordability remain especially consequential. Prior research has indicated shortages of provider counts but has rarely considered affordability in conjunction with availability. This study addresses these gaps by analyzing over 460,000 psychotherapists listed in the <i>Psychology Today</i> directory, which provides consumer-facing data on fees and service location. We constructed county-level indices of availability (providers per 100,000 residents) and affordability (10-session cost relative to disposable income) across 2,565 U.S. counties. Results reveal a stratified mental health care landscape characterized by persistent rural-urban disparities and affordability burdens. At the same time, financial burdens were greater outside large urban areas, especially in the South. Although availability and affordability frequently overlap, important divergences emerge, including counties with providers present but financially inaccessible and vice versa. Regression analyses reveal that income is the strongest predictor across both indices, with income inequality, political partisanship, and racial/ethnic composition also shaping access. By integrating supply and cost, this study empirically reframes accessibility as multidimensional and identifies regions most affected by dual burdens. Findings highlight affordability as a distinct axis of accessibility and underscore the need for policy approaches that move beyond workforce expansion alone to address the structural, financial, and institutional conditions that constrain access to care. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"John P. Campbell (1937-2025).","authors":"Frederick L Oswald, Nathan R Kuncel, Deniz S Ones, Paul R Sackett","doi":"10.1037/amp0001727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>John P. Campbell (1937-2025) was a pioneering scholar in industrial and organizational psychology whose work reshaped the study of job performance. At the University of Minnesota, he built a world-class graduate program and mentored generations of students. His multidimensional model of performance and emphasis on behavior clarified a central problem in the field, while his leadership of Project A influenced modern personnel selection practices. Renowned for both scientific rigor and generous mentorship, Campbell's legacy endures through his scholarship, students, and honors established in his name. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value generalization, not normalization, drives learning in structure-based grouped contexts.","authors":"Bingsong Zhao, Jing Gan, Shengyuan Wang, Run Feng, Xiaowei Ding, Dingguo Gao","doi":"10.1037/amp0001713","DOIUrl":"10.1037/amp0001713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Value learning is often studied at the individual object level, yet in natural environments, values are learned within structured contexts. A dominant account-value normalization-proposes that item values are encoded relative to their local context, producing contrastive biases that suppress below-average values and amplify above-average ones. However, empirical support for value normalization has been limited to proximity-based grouping (i.e., grouping by spatial or temporal co-occurrence), leaving open how value learning operates in more structured environments. Here, we focus on structure-based grouping, in which items are related by conceptual or relational structure and test value generalization as a competing account of context-dependent value learning. Across five experiments using modified multiarmed bandit tasks, participants learned item values through trial and error, while group structure had to be inferred from experience. Contrary to the predictions of value normalization, participants systematically overestimated the value of below-average items in high-mean groups and preferred them over objectively superior items from lower mean groups. This assimilative bias was robust across groupings defined by visual features, task-defined categories, and abstract cognitive map structure and persisted even when explicit monetary reward framing was removed. Computational modeling showed that behavior was best captured by value generalization mechanisms, implemented either as feedback-driven value propagation within groups or as Bayesian integration of group-level and item-level information at decision time. Across experiments, these models consistently outperformed normalization and standard item-level learning models. Together, these findings challenge the dominance of value normalization and identify value generalization as a cognitively efficient-though imperfect-strategy for value learning in structured environments. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collective emotion regulation.","authors":"Amit Goldenberg, Yajun Cao","doi":"10.1037/amp0001729","DOIUrl":"10.1037/amp0001729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collective emotional responses represent responses of multiple people to an emotional situation. Such responses are ubiquitous in many contexts, such as conflicts, crises, and celebrations. However, a closer look at processes of collective emotions leads to an observation: Collective emotions often co-occurs with attempts to influence the emotions of the group. We refer to these attempts as collective emotion regulation, where members of groups aim to change collective emotions. In this article, we first define collective emotion and propose a model of collective emotion generation. We then define collective emotion regulation and distinguish it from related concepts such as interpersonal emotion regulation. We propose a process model to describe the unfolding of collective emotion regulation that helps organize a variety of behaviors previously discussed in other literatures. We further show how the concept can help explain collective behavior and design interventions aimed at regulating collective emotions. Finally, we discuss open empirical questions and future directions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting secondary antisemitism: Antisemitism as a cause, not a consequence, of ingroup-serving Holocaust distortions.","authors":"Maria Babińska, Jonas Rees, Michał Bilewicz","doi":"10.1037/amp0001616","DOIUrl":"10.1037/amp0001616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Holocaust distortions are central to contemporary antisemitic rhetoric, appearing across political ideologies and geographic contexts. Such distortions, often closely linked to collective memory processes, raise critical questions about the causal relationship between antisemitism and Holocaust narratives. Theoretical and conceptual work on secondary antisemitism suggests that modern antisemitism stems from ingroup-serving Holocaust distortions, motivated by collective guilt. However, social psychological research suggests that contemporary attitudes may shape historical representations, indicating that antisemitism could be a cause, rather than a consequence, of these distortions. In a longitudinal analysis of a quota-representative sample of the German and Polish populations, two countries with distinct Holocaust histories, we examined the bidirectional relationship between antisemitic prejudice and ingroup-serving Holocaust distortion. Using structural equation modeling, we assessed the reciprocal influence of antisemitism and Holocaust reinterpretation, with both national models showing good fit (comparative fit index > .98, root-mean-square error of approximation < .065, standardized root-mean-square residual < .04). By assessing participants' perceptions of their ingroup's emotions and behaviors during the Holocaust alongside contemporary antisemitic attitudes, our findings show that antisemitism actively influences biased Holocaust representations. These results challenge the premise of secondary antisemitism, highlighting that historical distortions often reflect current prejudices rather than driving them. Our findings underscore how collective memory can be adapted to justify present-day biases, emphasizing the dynamic interplay between historical narratives and contemporary intergroup attitudes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":"81 4","pages":"544-557"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antisemitism, conspiracy beliefs, and anti-Israel attitudes.","authors":"Kent D Harber, Dominika Bulska, Thomas E Malloy, Valeria M Vila","doi":"10.1037/amp0001635","DOIUrl":"10.1037/amp0001635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antisemitism and hostility toward Israel reliably co-occur, causing some to regard opposition to Israel as the \"new antisemitism,\" a socially acceptable way to express an ancient prejudice. Others dismiss new antisemitism as a specious rhetorical tactic used to shame and silence earnest critics of Israel. Three preregistered studies addressed this issue. Study 1 (N = 373) found that Time 1 antisemitism predicted Time 2 anti-Israel attitudes via conspiracy beliefs about Israel and Zionists. We named this pattern the \"Conspiracies Mediated Model of New Antisemitism.\" Study 2 (N = 243) cross-sectionally assessed the distinct mediational roles of anti-Israel conspiracies (Israel conspiring for itself), Zionist conspiracies (Jews conspiring for Israel), and Jewish-related conspiracies (Jews conspiring in ways unrelated to Israel). Conspiracies implicating Israel and Zionists again mediated the association between antisemitism and anti-Israel attitudes, but those related to Jews qua Jews did not. Study 3 (N = 493), using a three-time-point longitudinal design, showed that conspiracies related to Israel and Zionists, but not to Jews qua Jews, positively mediate the predictive relationship between antisemitism and anti-Israel beliefs. Across studies, the Conspiracies Mediated Model of New Antisemitism accounted for over 55% of the variance in anti-Israel attitudes-a substantial effect. Results were not due to a general conspiratorial mindset. Democrats, compared to Republicans, expressed less antisemitism but stronger anti-Israel attitudes and greater endorsement of anti-Israel and anti-Zionist conspiracies. These studies confirm that the relationship between antisemitism and anti-Israel hostility is reliable, predictive, and substantial, and that it is mediated by anti-Israel and anti-Zionist conspiracy beliefs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":"81 4","pages":"463-477"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holocaust inversion and justification of anti-Jewish aggression: Evidence from two national surveys in Norway.","authors":"Johannes Due Enstad","doi":"10.1037/amp0001704","DOIUrl":"10.1037/amp0001704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While perpetrators of anti-Jewish harassment and violence are a small minority in democratic societies, they rely on a larger number of people who justify such aggression or silently condone it. Using data from nationally representative surveys of the Norwegian population, I report two studies investigating whether endorsement of Holocaust inversion-the belief that Israel treats Palestinians as badly as Jews were treated during World War II-is associated with (a) justification of harassment and violence against Jews and (b) refusal to take a stance against such aggression. Study 1 (N = 1,575) found support for both hypotheses. In a preregistered replication, Study 2 (N = 1,653) confirmed these results. Follow-up analyses found that endorsement of Holocaust inversion was also associated with refusal to answer questions measuring blatant antisemitic prejudice. The findings support theorizing that sees Holocaust inversion as a socially more acceptable vehicle for expressing and legitimizing antisemitic hostility. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":"81 4","pages":"478-489"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}