American Psychologist最新文献_第7页

White ≠ European (American): Commentary on the American Psychological Association's updated Inclusive Language Guide. 白人≠欧洲人（美国人）：对美国心理学协会更新的《包容性语言指南》的评论。

IF 16.4 1区心理学

American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001353

Ursula Moffitt,Linda P Juang

{"title":"White ≠ European (American): Commentary on the American Psychological Association's updated Inclusive Language Guide.","authors":"Ursula Moffitt,Linda P Juang","doi":"10.1037/amp0001353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001353","url":null,"abstract":"The American Psychological Association (APA) released the second edition of the Inclusive Language Guide in late 2023. One aspect of this guide that was not updated from the previous version was the recommendation for authors to use either \"White\" or \"European (nationality)\" when \"writing about people of European ancestry.\" In this commentary, we argue that \"white\" and \"European\" or \"European American,\" for instance, are not terms that can or should be used interchangeably. Although most individuals racialized as white have European ancestry, it is generally not their ethnic heritage that is most impactful for their opportunities and experiences, but their perceived and ascribed inclusion in whiteness. Regardless of the research topic, employing the term \"European (American)\" rather than \"white\" obscures whiteness and the concomitant role of systemic racism shaping the lives of all individuals, including those racialized as white. Moreover, using the terms \"white\" and \"European (American)\" interchangeably implies that only people racialized as white can be European, masking the history and current reality of millions of Europeans of color. Labels that limit being European to those racialized as white perpetuate othering and uphold a hierarchy where being white is the only acceptable embodiment of being European. With racism on the rise in Europe, it is important for researchers to recognize the power of the language we use. We suggest that APA and scholars following APA style consider the implications of these terms and not use them interchangeably, as doing so reinforces inequity across the globe. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":"10 1","pages":"973-975"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142436377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On editor bias and transparency: Reply to Cowan (2024), King (2024), and Thurston and Noor (2024). 关于编辑的偏见和透明度：答复 Cowan (2024)、King (2024) 以及 Thurston 和 Noor (2024)。

IF 12.3 1区心理学

American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001316

Donald Sharpe

引用次数: 0

Robert (Bob) Anthony Altemeyer (1940-2024). 罗伯特-安东尼-阿尔特迈耶（1940-2024）。

IF 12.3 1区心理学

American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001390

Gordon Hodson

{"title":"Robert (Bob) Anthony Altemeyer (1940-2024).","authors":"Gordon Hodson","doi":"10.1037/amp0001390","DOIUrl":"10.1037/amp0001390","url":null,"abstract":"Robert (Bob) Anthony Altemeyer (June 6, 1940-February 7, 2024) was an influential social psychologist who also shaped personality and political psychology. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Bob was educated at Yale (undergraduate) and Carnegie-Mellon (graduate). Following a 2-year stint at Doane College in Nebraska, he established his career at the University of Manitoba (Winnipeg, Canada) from 1968 to 2008. In 1986, Bob was awarded the prestigious American Association for the Advancement of Science Prize for Behavioral Science Research, largely for his development of the right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) construct. Whereas the authoritarian personality construct developed by Adorno and colleagues in the 1950s was rooted in psychodynamics, Bob drew on social learning principles and conceptualized authoritarianism as both an attitudinal orientation and trait. Not all of Bob's ideas held true, such as the social learning underpinnings that he proposed for RWA. But true to his inquisitive nature, he wrote that he would be excited to learn of RWA's strong heritable components if uncovered (as they later were). An anticonformist to the core, Bob published almost exclusively in books despite the field prioritizing journal articles, typically as sole author and working with few collaborators, and writing about complex ideas with rather informal and unconventional language. His legacy is proof that fighting the odds and remaining authentic, rather than chasing conventions and norms, can leave an indelible mark on science. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":" ","pages":"982"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jerry (Jerald) Rudmann (1944-2024). 杰瑞-鲁德曼（Jerry (Jerald) Rudmann，1944-2024 年）。

IF 12.3 1区心理学

American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001429

Diane F Halpern

引用次数: 0

An exploration of physics envy with implications for desiderata of psychology theories. 探索物理嫉妒对心理学理论理想的影响。

IF 16.4 1区心理学

American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001416

David Trafimow,Klaus Fiedler

{"title":"An exploration of physics envy with implications for desiderata of psychology theories.","authors":"David Trafimow,Klaus Fiedler","doi":"10.1037/amp0001416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001416","url":null,"abstract":"There is a trepidation, anxiety, or intuition, which has persisted for more than a century, that psychology theories are less anchored in fundamental laws than physics theories. Rather than attempt to refute the concern, the present work accepts it and tries out candidate explanations. These pertain to empirical laws, parsimony, scope, reductionism, falsifiability, mathematical operations (multiplication vs. addition), internal coherence, ceteris paribus stipulations, and purposeful omission of relevant factors (idealization). The conceptions underlying these explanations are not strictly independent, but they point to different distinctive features that might account for the unequal status of physics and psychological science and to different means of improving contemporary psychology. Although the available evidence for or against these candidate explanations is scarce and relies mainly on a few telling examples, we conclude that the last of our candidate explanations-reliance on idealized universes-works best and leads to the most insights about what psychology might learn from physics and what research strategies might foster the ideal of theory-driven psychological science in the future. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Michael A. (Mick) Smyer (1950-2024). 迈克尔-A-（米克）-斯迈尔（1950-2024）。

IF 12.3 1区心理学

American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001435

Margaret Gatz

引用次数: 0

Partnering up (and down): Examining when and why people prefer collaborating with higher paid peers (and lower paid subordinates). 向上（和向下）合作：研究人们何时以及为何更喜欢与薪酬较高的同行（以及薪酬较低的下属）合作。

IF 12.3 1区心理学

American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001397

Kevin M Kniffin, John Angus D Hildreth

{"title":"Partnering up (and down): Examining when and why people prefer collaborating with higher paid peers (and lower paid subordinates).","authors":"Kevin M Kniffin, John Angus D Hildreth","doi":"10.1037/amp0001397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001397","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging trends toward greater pay transparency and more freedom in teaming decisions intersect to highlight a potential conflict. Extant research suggests that visible pay disparities should adversely affect collaborations, particularly with higher paid partners, but we challenge this thesis and present three preregistered studies demonstrating that visible salary disparities can positively affect collaboration with higher paid peers in teaming decisions. In Studies 1 and 2, people chose to collaborate with higher rather than lower paid peers unless explicitly told that their potential collaborators' knowledge, skills, abilities, and experience were similar, suggesting that pay was viewed as a signal for competence. In Study 3, the preference for working with higher paid peers was replicated even when the decision-makers were familiar with their potential coworkers. In contrast to teaming decisions, in a fourth preregistered study (Study 4) focused on hiring decisions, people were less likely to hire a candidate with a higher (vs. lower) pay history for a subordinate position on their team. Taken together, the studies demonstrate that visible pay disparities affect collaboration and selection decisions but in different ways: People tend to show a bias in favor of higher paid peers as collaboration partners, while they show an aversion to hiring people with higher pay histories as subordinates. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to "I forgot that you existed: Role of memory accessibility in the gender citation gap" by Yan et al. (2024). 对 "我忘了你的存在：Yan 等人（2024 年）的 "我忘了你的存在：记忆的可及性在性别引用差距中的作用 "一文的更正。

IF 16.4 1区心理学

American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001417

{"title":"Correction to \"I forgot that you existed: Role of memory accessibility in the gender citation gap\" by Yan et al. (2024).","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/amp0001417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001417","url":null,"abstract":"Reports an error in \"I forgot that you existed: Role of memory accessibility in the gender citation gap\" by Veronica X. Yan, Amy N. Arndt, Katherine Muenks and Marlone D. Henderson (American Psychologist, Advanced Online Publication, Jan 25, 2024, np). In the article, Amy N. Arndt was incorrectly omitted from the author list. All versions of this article have been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2024-47750-001). Recent studies have found a citation gap in psychology favoring men. This citation gap is subsequently reflected in differences in h-index scores, a crude measure but important one for impact on career advancement. We examine a potential reason for the gap: that male researchers are more likely to come to mind than female researchers (i.e., a difference in memory accessibility). In a survey, faculty from psychology departments in R1 institutions in the United States listed up to five names they considered experts in their field and up to five names they considered rising stars (defined as pretenure) in their field. Results revealed that the proportion of female experts recalled by women generally matched the percentage of more senior female faculty at R1 institutions, whereas the proportion recalled by men was much lower as compared to this baseline. With rising stars, we observed both underrepresentation of women from male participants and, unexpectedly, overrepresentation of women from female participants, as compared to the percentage of more junior female faculty at R1 institutions. For both experts and rising stars, male names were also more likely to be generated earlier in lists by male respondents, but women did not vary in the order in which they listed women versus men. Despite the differences in recall observed in our data, there was no such gap in name recognition, suggesting that the gap is one of accessibility-who comes to mind. Implications and recommendations for psychology researchers are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Caveat emptor: Mental health specialty certifications and the public's preferences for clinical care. 警告:心理健康专业证书和公众对临床护理的偏好。

IF 12.3 1区心理学

American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001219

Rebecca E Lubin, Gerald M Rosen, E Marie Parsons, Dylan A Gould, Michael W Otto

{"title":"Caveat emptor: Mental health specialty certifications and the public's preferences for clinical care.","authors":"Rebecca E Lubin, Gerald M Rosen, E Marie Parsons, Dylan A Gould, Michael W Otto","doi":"10.1037/amp0001219","DOIUrl":"10.1037/amp0001219","url":null,"abstract":"Appropriate training and continuing education for mental health professionals are designed to ensure that clinicians provide effective and ethical care. Mental health consumers may depend upon these credentials to judge the level of a professional's competence, but whether these activities and credentials provide a valid indicator of knowledge and skills is subject to debate. The present study was designed to examine preferences for mental health clinicians among potential consumers and factors that may inform these preferences, specifically comparing preferences for doctoral-level mental health clinicians and masters-level clinicians with and without specialty certification for treating anxiety symptoms. Cross-sectional assessment with self-report surveys (clinician preferences, prior mental health diagnosis and treatment, demographic characteristics, generalized anxiety symptoms, mental health literacy, and mental health stigma) was administered in two samples: a college student sample (N = 224; 71.9% female; Mage = 19.1, SD = 1.5) and a sample of adults with chronic pain (N = 116; 74.1% female; Mage = 43.8, SD = 13.8). The present study found that across both samples, therapists with a specialty certification were preferred over those without such credentials within each profession, and that certification status trumped professional standing such that certified masters-level clinicians were rated more highly than noncertified PhD-level clinicians. These findings are indicative of a schism between how the field of clinical psychology conceptualizes itself and how it is seen by its consumers. Implications of our findings for mental health consumers, clinicians, and professional organizations are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48468,"journal":{"name":"American Psychologist","volume":" ","pages":"854-862"},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136399844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lee Gurel (1926-2023). 李-古雷尔（1926-2023）。

IF 12.3 1区心理学

American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001374

Nancy Budwig, Emily Leary Chesnes

引用次数: 0