Personality and Individual Differences最新文献_第3页

Thoughts between dark personality and aggression: The mediating role of violent ideation

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113176

Pilar Rico-Bordera , David Pineda , José A. Piqueras , Manuel Galán

{"title":"Thoughts between dark personality and aggression: The mediating role of violent ideation","authors":"Pilar Rico-Bordera , David Pineda , José A. Piqueras , Manuel Galán","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Theory of Planned Behavior posits that intentionality is the primary antecedent of behavior. While the effects of Dark Tetrad traits on aggressive behavior are well-documented, and violent ideation has also been identified as a significant predictor of aggression, research exploring the interrelationships between these factors remains limited. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between Dark Tetrad and reactive and proactive aggression, as well as to examine whether this relationship could be mediated by violent ideation. A sample of 824 Spaniards completed measures of Dark Tetrad, violent ideation, and aggression. Results showed that psychopathy and sadism had the strongest direct effects on both types of aggression, while Machiavellianism and narcissism presented weaker associations. Violent ideation partially mediated these relationships, though the indirect effects were small, indicating that other mechanisms contribute to aggression. In the combined model, which controlled for shared variance among traits, Machiavellianism retained a direct effect only on reactive aggression, while sadism remained a predictor of proactive aggression. In contrast, narcissism lost all predictive power. Proactive and reactive aggression shows distinct underlying motivations. These findings underscore the importance of comprehensively understanding the intrapersonal variables that impact aggression, which facilitates a more accurate approach to identifying risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 113176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the domain of suggestion: A meta-analysis of suggestibility across different contexts

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113181

Madeline V. Stein , Afik Faerman , Trevor Thompson , Irving Kirsch , Steven J. Lynn , Devin B. Terhune

{"title":"Revisiting the domain of suggestion: A meta-analysis of suggestibility across different contexts","authors":"Madeline V. Stein , Afik Faerman , Trevor Thompson , Irving Kirsch , Steven J. Lynn , Devin B. Terhune","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trait responsiveness to verbal suggestions (suggestibility) is relevant to a diverse array of clinical and experimental psychological phenomena. An unresolved question is whether different forms of suggestibility, such as direct verbal suggestibility and indirect (interrogative and sensory) suggestibility, comprise a uniform, superordinate trait or distinct abilities with overlapping characteristics. We conducted a pre-registered meta-analysis in accordance with MOOSE and PRISMA guidelines to quantify associations between diverse measures of suggestibility. Fifty-five eligible suggestibility scale correlation pairs from 18 studies were subjected to random effects meta-analyses and meta-regression analyses. The analyses revealed a scale congruency effect such that direct-direct (<em>k</em> <em>=</em> 37) and indirect-indirect (<em>k</em> <em>=</em> 5) suggestibility scale pairs were characterized by strong correlations, whereas incongruent scale pairs (direct-indirect; <em>k</em> = 13) exhibited near-zero correlations. These results corroborate proposals that direct and interrogative suggestibility scales measure discrete suggestion effects, and trait responsiveness to suggestion does not comprise a uniform set of abilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 113181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urgent tasks are concrete, important tasks are abstract: A construal level theory perspective

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113191

Yue Yuan, Xiaomin Sun

{"title":"Urgent tasks are concrete, important tasks are abstract: A construal level theory perspective","authors":"Yue Yuan, Xiaomin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In daily life, individuals often face the challenge of allocating time between urgent and important tasks. Despite longstanding recommendations from time management researchers to prioritize important tasks, individuals frequently gravitate toward addressing urgent matters. To examine the trade-offs between urgency and importance, the present research applies construal level theory to investigate the differing construal levels associated with urgency and importance. Across four studies, we demonstrate that urgency is subordinate to importance (Study 1, <em>N</em> = 140) and that important tasks are construed more abstractly than urgent tasks (Study 2, <em>N</em> = 135). Furthermore, Study 3 (<em>N</em> = 255) and Study 4 (<em>N</em> = 140) revealed that individuals with higher construal levels allocate more time to important tasks and preferentially prioritize important but non-urgent tasks over urgent but less important ones. These findings underscore the higher construal associated with task importance compared to urgency, providing valuable insights into enhancing time management through interventions targeting individuals' construal levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 113191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The lonely facade of narcissistic CEOs: Surface acting among narcissistic CEOs in response to feelings of loneliness

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113186

P.D. Harms , Alaric Bourgoin , Anthony Silard , Sarah Wright

引用次数: 0

A scoping review of naturalistic assessments of self-control

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113185

Shannon W. Schrader , R. Ross MacLean , Fernanda C. Andrade , Melissa C. Funaro , Dan V. Blalock , Rick H. Hoyle

{"title":"A scoping review of naturalistic assessments of self-control","authors":"Shannon W. Schrader , R. Ross MacLean , Fernanda C. Andrade , Melissa C. Funaro , Dan V. Blalock , Rick H. Hoyle","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-control has received considerable attention across fields. A substantially smaller portion of the literature has focused on the availability of self-control in the moment. Our interest is a small body of research in which self-control capacity is assessed repeatedly in everyday life. This preregistered review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institution methodology for scoping reviews and guided by the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews: Checklist and Explanation. Sources were eligible if they examined repeated naturalistic observations of self-control and measured state self-control at least twice per day. The search identified 8116 articles. Of these, 23 were included in this review. At a broad descriptive level, state self-control fluctuated over time. High state self-control was associated with positive outcomes while state self-control deficits were associated with negative outcomes. Despite variability in measurement, there was overarching consistency across measures in studies, primarily reflecting perceived control/willpower or capacity to resist temptations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 113185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of expertise, impulsivity, and preference for intuition on decision quality

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113174

Robin Schrödter , Katrin Heyers , Jan Birkemeyer , Stefanie Klatt

{"title":"The role of expertise, impulsivity, and preference for intuition on decision quality","authors":"Robin Schrödter , Katrin Heyers , Jan Birkemeyer , Stefanie Klatt","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decision-making researchers often face a trade-off when conducting controlled laboratory experiments, as these can limit the ability to identify stable relationships between decision-making quality and individual differences, such as expertise or personality traits. This study introduces an innovative paradigm that leverages the objective assessment capabilities of artificial intelligence in a naturalistic online chess setting. Ninety-four participants evaluated tactical chess positions and identified optimal moves under various time control conditions, followed by personality assessments. Expertise, measured by online Elo rating, emerged as a key predictor, accounting for 55 % of the variance in decision quality and 61 % in evaluation accuracy, underscoring the precision of the chosen approach. The study also highlights the significant impact of time control on decision-making. Additionally, the paradigm shows promise in examining the interplay between personality factors and decision-making processes, with a notable correlation between higher impulsivity scores and faster response times. However, high impulsivity was not associated with reduced decision quality, raising questions about the validity of this measurement. Overall, the results suggest that the chess paradigm, accessible to a broad sample due to the widespread appeal of online chess, provides a powerful tool that combines laboratory precision with real-world relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 113174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When and how do antagonistic Machiavellians achieve greater promotability

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113180

Riguang Gao , Bo Liu , Mengguo Zhao , Yanfang Zhao

{"title":"When and how do antagonistic Machiavellians achieve greater promotability","authors":"Riguang Gao , Bo Liu , Mengguo Zhao , Yanfang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selfish, cunning, unscrupulous, and disregarding ethics—antagonistic Machiavellians who adhere to the principle of “the end justifies the means” are often avoided and disrespected by most people. Yet, they frequently achieve successful promotions in the workplace. However, the academic community still does not fully understand when and how individuals' antagonistic Machiavellianism can enhance their promotability. This research, based on trait activation theory, explores the mechanisms of Machiavellians' promotability. A multi-wave and multi-source survey was carried out, yielding 202 valid dyadic questionnaires to test the hypotheses. The findings indicate that when antagonistic Machiavellians perceive strong organizational politics, their innate drive for power and personal gain will be awakened. This compels them to quickly adapt, sharpening and strategically deploying their political skill to navigate the environment, ultimately enhancing their promotability. This study helps organizational managers understand and address this phenomenon correctly and provide concrete management recommendations for management practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 113180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Latent profiles of perfectionism, unconditional self-acceptance, strengths use, and deficit correction: Associations with well-being in South Korean undergraduates 完美主义、无条件自我接纳、优势利用和缺陷矫正的潜在特征：韩国大学生的完美主义与幸福感的关系

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113154

Hyoyeon In

{"title":"Latent profiles of perfectionism, unconditional self-acceptance, strengths use, and deficit correction: Associations with well-being in South Korean undergraduates","authors":"Hyoyeon In","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a multidimensional trait, perfectionism has been classified by its two core dimensions. However, less is known about how other meaningful perceptions and behaviors manifest in perfectionist profiles. This study aimed to identify subgroups based on perfectionism dimensions (standards, discrepancy), unconditional self-acceptance (USA), strengths use, and deficit correction and to examine their associations with well-being in a sample of 399 undergraduates in South Korea. Latent profile analysis identified three subgroups: self-accepted perfectionists (39.3 %), non-perfectionists (32.4 %), and deficit-focused perfectionists (28.3 %). These profiles largely align with the 3-class model of perfectionism and reveal additional patterns of USA, strengths use, and deficit correction. The self-accepted perfectionists, characterized by high standards and low discrepancy, along with high USA and active engagement with strengths use and deficit correction, demonstrated the most adaptive outcomes in terms of flourishing and positive/negative affect. The deficit-focused perfectionists reported higher flourishing than the non-perfectionists and exhibited the highest negative affect. Findings suggest that self-acceptance and such proactive behaviors as strengths use and deficit correction help to understand unique characteristics and outcomes of perfectionist subgroups and warrant further research in diverse contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 113154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Not beautiful enough to be myself: The impact of exposure to ideal appearance photos on women's state authenticity

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113178

Dominik Borawski, Sandra Klimczak, Katarzyna Lipska

{"title":"Not beautiful enough to be myself: The impact of exposure to ideal appearance photos on women's state authenticity","authors":"Dominik Borawski, Sandra Klimczak, Katarzyna Lipska","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of exposure to ideal appearance photos on women's sense of authenticity, testing the discrepancy between current and ideal body image as a potential mediator of this effect. The sample included 276 women aged 18 to 45 years (<em>M</em> = 26.05, <em>SD</em> = 7.00). They were randomly assigned to view either idealized or realistic appearance photos and then rated body image discrepancy and state authenticity. The results indicated that exposure to ideal appearance photos increased current-ideal body image discrepancy and decreased state authenticity. Mediation analysis revealed that the discrepancy between current and ideal body image partially mediated the relationship between photo exposure and authenticity. These findings suggest that even brief exposure to idealized beauty standards can threaten women's sense of being their true selves. The results align with the State Authenticity as Fit to Environment (SAFE) model, highlighting the importance of environmental fit for experiencing authenticity. The study underscores the significant role of physical attractiveness in women's self-concept and suggests that idealized beauty standards may undermine women's authenticity by increasing cognitive discrepancies between their actual and ideal self-images.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 113178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of attachment on the trajectory of celebrity worship: The mediating role of self-concept clarity

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113169

Xiaohan Gong , Sicong Lin , Fangyuan Ding , Wenwen Zhao , Xi Hu , Depeng Wang , Gang Cheng

{"title":"The effect of attachment on the trajectory of celebrity worship: The mediating role of self-concept clarity","authors":"Xiaohan Gong , Sicong Lin , Fangyuan Ding , Wenwen Zhao , Xi Hu , Depeng Wang , Gang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Giving rise to problems such as online violence, celebrity worship has become an important social issue in the Internet era, which urgently needs to be explored. This study aimed to explore the trajectory of celebrity worship and its mechanism. A sample of 662 Chinese college freshmen (535 female, <em>M</em><sub><em>age</em></sub> = 18.56 ± 1.75) was recruited to complete the questionnaire with a short-term longitudinal research design across four waves at intervals of one month. The results indicated that celebrity worship declined with a linear trajectory. Additionally, a mediation model was constructed to examine the effect of attachment styles on celebrity worship, as well as the mediating role of self-concept clarity. Insecure attachment styles increase the initial level of celebrity worship and accelerate the decline rate of celebrity worship by decreasing self-concept clarity. However, anxious attachment can also directly mitigate the decline rate of celebrity worship. This finding indicated that anxious attachment had a suppression effect on the decline rate of celebrity worship. This study confirmed the decline in the level of celebrity worship during the transitional period of college enrollment, as well as the complex roles played by attachment styles and self-concept clarity in this decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 113169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0