Personality and Individual Differences最新文献_第4页

Does stress exacerbate impairments in attentional control in trait impulsive individuals? 压力是否会加剧特质冲动个体的注意力控制障碍？

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113662

Chris R.H. Brown

{"title":"Does stress exacerbate impairments in attentional control in trait impulsive individuals?","authors":"Chris R.H. Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence suggests that impulsivity is characterised by impairments in attentional control, which is required to regulate stress levels. Given that elevated stress levels can impair attentional control as well, it was predicted that trait impulsivity and stress would interact. Whereby high stress levels would amplify the impairments to attentional control in high impulsive individuals, who are less able to regulate this stress. To test this, the levels of attentional capture and unintentional mind-wandering were assessed at different levels of stress and impulsivity. Unexpectedly, however, across 3 Studies (<em>N</em> = 108; 290; 157) there was no evidence supporting this amplification hypothesis. The findings instead revealed that stress and impulsivity were related to attenuated processing of target-matching external distractors, consistent with inattention (Study 1 & 3); and though they did significantly interact in Study 1, this was more reflective of the trait-impulsivity obscuring the additional influence of high stress on attention. Further, stress and impulsivity also independently predicted elevated unintentional mind-wandering without interacting, both when self-reported (Study 2) and when assessed during the attentional capture task (Study 3). The unexpected lack of interaction across multiple measures is discussed, and implications of the independent effects for existing models considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 113662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personality's dual lens: Dark–light traits bound and channel the manipulation–moral emotions link under acute physical exhaustion 人格的双重透镜：暗-光特质束缚和引导了急性身体衰竭下的操纵-道德情感联系

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113653

Shuai Zhang

{"title":"Personality's dual lens: Dark–light traits bound and channel the manipulation–moral emotions link under acute physical exhaustion","authors":"Shuai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manipulative decisions and their moral consequences are jointly shaped by dispositional traits and situational load. We advance a temporal model of state-triggered trait activation and a cognitive cascade to test how dark and light traits shape the pathway from manipulation to moral emotions under physical exhaustion. In a six-week longitudinal mixed design (N = 120), participants completed baseline assessments of dark and light traits, were randomized to exhaustion or rest, and were assessed at six time points on manipulation intention and choice, moral rationalization, moral consistency, guilt, and shame. Linear mixed and fixed-effects models with windowed mediation showed that exhaustion immediately increased manipulation, an effect amplified by dark traits and attenuated by light traits; differences persisted during follow-up but moderation weakened. Manipulation predicted later emotions primarily through a stable negative pathway via moral consistency, whereas moral rationalization exerted only transient effects on guilt. A serial path from manipulation through rationalization to consistency was pronounced early and diminished over time. Overall, exhaustion lowered the activation threshold for manipulation, magnified trait influences, and left long-term emotional trajectories contingent on consistency-based reconstruction, with guilt and shame diverging over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 113653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From future vision to current action: The relationship between future self-identification and goal achievement 从未来愿景到当前行动：未来自我认同与目标实现的关系

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113645

Tiffany Tettero , Esther C.A. Mertens , Aniek M. Siezenga , Jean-Louis van Gelder

{"title":"From future vision to current action: The relationship between future self-identification and goal achievement","authors":"Tiffany Tettero , Esther C.A. Mertens , Aniek M. Siezenga , Jean-Louis van Gelder","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An increasing body of research suggests that people's sense of identification with their future self is beneficial for goal achievement. However, the direction of this relation has not been explored, and it is unclear to what extent each of the three future self-identification components—vividness, connectedness, or valence—drives goal achievement. The present study investigated the relationship of each component with goal achievement longitudinally and experimentally by testing whether an intervention (<em>FutureU</em>) designed to enhance future self-identification affected these relationships. A randomized controlled trial (<span><span>Clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>: NCT05578755) was conducted among first-year university students (89.4% female, <em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 19.59 years, <em>SD</em> = 2.25), who were assigned to a goal-setting control condition, the FutureU smartphone application condition, or the FutureU virtual reality condition. Results indicated that vividness of the future self, and to a lesser extent connectedness to the future self, positively predicted goal achievement, whereas valence toward the future self showed no effect. Initial goal achievement also positively predicted both vividness and connectedness, with weaker effects. Associations were similar across all three conditions, indicating that these associations were not affected by the FutureU intervention. <em>These results suggest that vividly imagining one's future self, in particular, contributes to achieving self-selected goals.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 113645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do relationship changes cause changes in emotional well-being? A longitudinal investigation 关系的改变会导致情绪健康的改变吗？纵向调查

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113670

Menelaos Apostolou , Elyakim Kislev

{"title":"Do relationship changes cause changes in emotional well-being? A longitudinal investigation","authors":"Menelaos Apostolou , Elyakim Kislev","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study tests the hypothesis, derived from evolutionary theory, that relationship status constitutes a significant predictor of emotional well-being. We analyzed data from thirteen waves of the Pairfam study, a longitudinal project with a representative sample of 12,000 German participants, using mixed-model analysis. Our results indicate that participants' emotional well-being was significantly higher during waves in which they were in an intimate relationship compared to waves in which they were single. We also found that singlehood was associated with more negative emotions for men than for women, though the observed difference was small. Furthermore, participants experienced higher emotional well-being when in a good-quality intimate relationship than when they were single or in a poor- or moderate-quality relationship. Participants' emotional well-being was also higher when they were single than when they were in a poor- or moderate-quality intimate relationship. These differences were generally small, although the effect on loneliness was considerable. Our findings make a strong case that changes in relationship status, including changes in relationship quality, lead to changes in emotional well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 113670"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validation of the Coping Circumplex Model as a framework for organizing coping and emotion regulation categories 应对回旋模型作为组织应对和情绪调节类别的框架的验证

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113651

Krzysztof Stanisławski , Kinga Tuszyńska , Gisele Magarotto Machado , Magdalena Żemojtel-Piotrowska

{"title":"Validation of the Coping Circumplex Model as a framework for organizing coping and emotion regulation categories","authors":"Krzysztof Stanisławski , Kinga Tuszyńska , Gisele Magarotto Machado , Magdalena Żemojtel-Piotrowska","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite extensive research on coping and emotion regulation, their conceptual integration remains hindered by the sheer number and diversity of constructs. This study advances the Coping Circumplex Model (CCM) by (a) validating its circumplex structure using a newly developed operationalization—the Brief Coping Circumplex Inventory (B-CCI)—and (b) systematically mapping coping and emotion regulation constructs from multiple major models onto its framework. Two large Polish samples (<em>N</em> = 649 and <em>N</em> = 505) provided strong empirical support for the CCM's circumplex structure. All eight coping styles of the model proved necessary for a comprehensive description of coping and emotion regulation, while its two orthogonal dimensions—Problem Solving vs. Problem Avoidance and Positive Emotional Coping vs. Negative Emotional Coping—were particularly effective for organizing external constructs. By positioning strategies within a circumplex, the CCM moves beyond static classifications to a process-oriented perspective, enabling the mapping of coping trajectories within stressful episodes and the reconceptualization of psychological flexibility. Even the minority of constructs showing weaker associations with the model were positioned in theoretically meaningful ways, underscoring the CCM's utility as a unifying framework for future structural and process-oriented research on coping and emotion regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 113651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Refining the construct of direct verbal suggestibility: Evidence for a hybrid dimensional–typological latent structure 精炼直接言语暗示的结构：维度-类型混合潜在结构的证据

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113661

Jérémy Brunel , Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse , Julie Delage , Karim Jerbi , Pierre Rainville , David Ogez , Mathieu Landry

{"title":"Refining the construct of direct verbal suggestibility: Evidence for a hybrid dimensional–typological latent structure","authors":"Jérémy Brunel , Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse , Julie Delage , Karim Jerbi , Pierre Rainville , David Ogez , Mathieu Landry","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct verbal suggestibility (DVS) is the strongest predictor of cognitive and perceptual modulations induced by verbal suggestions. However, the nature of this trait remains debated—particularly whether DVS reflects a dimensional continuum or a set of distinct subtypes. This study aimed to refine the conceptualization of DVS by testing the hypothesis that it integrates both dimensional and typological components. Using a cross-validation design, we analysed two independent datasets (<em>N</em> = 680; <em>N</em> = 591) in which participants completed the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility: Form A. We estimated multidimensional latent class IRT models, which allowed disentangling dimensional and discrete components within a unified framework. Our results showed that DVS was best captured by a hybrid bi-factor model, consisting of a general (G)-factor divided into three classes, and a second factor, divided into two classes. The G-factor distinguished individuals by their overall responsiveness to suggestions, while the second factor revealed qualitative differences in their responsiveness to challenge suggestions. These findings indicate that DVS, as measured by the HGSHS:A, reflects a hybrid structure from which distinct profiles emerge, offering a more nuanced understanding of the construct and informing future research on the cognitive and experiential mechanisms underlying verbally induced changes in consciousness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 113661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical attractiveness and the general factor of personality: Replication and extension 身体吸引力与人格的一般因素：复制和延伸

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113648

Curtis S. Dunkel , Dimitri van der Linden , Satoshi Kanazawa

引用次数: 0

The Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire-Short Form (PAQ-S): Psychometric properties in a clinical sample 珀斯述情障碍简短问卷（PAQ-S）：临床样本的心理测量特性

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113654

Johannes B. Heekerens , David A. Preece , James J. Gross

{"title":"The Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire-Short Form (PAQ-S): Psychometric properties in a clinical sample","authors":"Johannes B. Heekerens , David A. Preece , James J. Gross","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alexithymia is a trait that involves deficits in emotion processing and has important implications for mental health. The assessment of alexithymia is therefore clinically consequential, but until recently, alexithymia questionnaires were all quite lengthy, limiting their utility in time-pressured research and clinical settings. Recently, the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire-Short Form (PAQ-S) was introduced to address this gap, providing a brief 6-item self-report measure of alexithymia. In this study, we evaluate the psychometric performance of the PAQ-S in a clinical sample. Five hundred thirty-one individuals with various mental health diagnoses completed the PAQ-S and other psychometric measures of clinically-relevant constructs. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the PAQ-S had a theoretically congruent factor structure, with items loading significantly on a general alexithymia factor. The PAQ-S displayed high internal consistency, and an expected pattern of associations with other constructs (i.e., psychopathology symptoms, somatic symptoms, personality dysfunction, attention difficulties, memory complaints, emotion regulation, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and social desirability). Overall, our data suggest the scores on the PAQ-S exhibit strong validity and reliability in clinical populations. Its brevity makes the PAQ-S a practical tool for alexithymia assessments in time-limited settings, enabling new opportunities to explore the clinical relevance of alexithymia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 113654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personality predictors of longitudinal adaptation following the COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19大流行后纵向适应的人格预测因素

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113636

Logan C. Gibson, William J. Chopik

{"title":"Personality predictors of longitudinal adaptation following the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Logan C. Gibson, William J. Chopik","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although COVID-19 mitigation efforts were transformative for American's social, educational, work, and emotional lives, it is unclear how people adapted in the years after the worst of the pandemic subsided. Given the lack of longitudinal information on how people adapted, we took an exploratory approach to examine how self-reported social, professional (i.e., education/work) preference-related, and well-being outcomes of 248 American college students from a Michigan-based university changed across two waves, in 2020/2021 (while in college) and 2025 (after graduation). In-person contact increased, online learning was remembered more positively, and well-being improved over time. Personality traits matched preferences for educational, professional development, and occupational opportunities and well-being (e.g., extraversion was linked to preferring in-person jobs and lower loneliness). Nevertheless, personality was a modest contributor to adaptation—consistent with theories of contextual modulation of individual tendencies. These findings shed light on the normative—and individual differences in—adaptation following the pandemic, providing a framework for implementing tailored interventions for social, educational, professional, and emotional outcomes across different contexts and cultural settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 113636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ADHD symptom magnitude predicts creative problem-solving performance and insight versus analysis solving modes ADHD症状大小预测创造性解决问题的表现和洞察力与分析解决模式

IF 2.6 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113660

Hannah Maisano , Christine Chesebrough , Fengqing Zhang , Brian Daly , Mark Beeman , John Kounios

{"title":"ADHD symptom magnitude predicts creative problem-solving performance and insight versus analysis solving modes","authors":"Hannah Maisano , Christine Chesebrough , Fengqing Zhang , Brian Daly , Mark Beeman , John Kounios","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2026.113660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Executive-function deficits associated with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms have been hypothesized to benefit creativity via enhanced access to remote, non-obvious associations. This suggests that ADHD may facilitate the unconscious, automatic (Type-1) processing mode responsible for creative <em>insight</em> (i.e., the “Aha” phenomenon) while diminishing conscious, deliberate (Type-2) <em>analytic</em> processing. We tested this hypothesis in an online study in which 299 participants completed the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale to assess ADHD symptom severity and attempted to solve a series of Compound Remote Associates problems to assess insight- versus analytic-based problem-solving. Individuals with the highest ADHD symptom severity relied more on insight than analysis compared to those with the lowest symptoms. Both the extreme high- and low-ADHD symptom groups outperformed those in the middle of the distribution to yield a U-shaped curve, suggesting that strong and weak executive function facilitate different pathways to solution while moderate executive function is less effective. Regression analyses suggest that stronger ADHD symptoms diminish analytic solving while enhancing insight solving, explaining the U-shaped curve. These findings support previous research which suggests two routes—and profiles—for creative problem solving: deliberate analysis versus spontaneous insight, the latter associated with stronger ADHD symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 113660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0