Personality and Individual Differences最新文献_第2页

Ambition as a doubled-edged sword: Career success and unethical behavior 野心是把双刃剑：事业成功与不道德行为

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112942

Charles A. O'Reilly, Jeffrey Pfeffer

{"title":"Ambition as a doubled-edged sword: Career success and unethical behavior","authors":"Charles A. O'Reilly, Jeffrey Pfeffer","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ambition, an individual trait that we show to be empirically distinct from the Big Five dimensions of personality, has been under theorized and researched as an important determinant of both career success <em>and</em> unethical behavior. We argue that the specific goals or focus of ambition, as well as the level of general ambition, are important. Study 1 used a large sample of working adults and found that general ambition and extrinsically-focused ambition were associated with a willingness to engage in political behavior and career success. Study 2 surveyed a second sample of working adults and found that extrinsic ambition was associated with an increased tendency to misrepresent qualifications when applying for a job. In Study 3, using four distinct scenarios, we found that extrinsic ambition was associated with people's willingness to engage in unethical behavior. The data make the case that ambition is an important trait useful for understanding people's careers and that there are at least two forms of ambition. Moreover, like some other personal traits such as narcissism, ambition can be a double-edged sword, associated both with career achievement and being willing to take ethical shortcuts to achieve success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112942"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Different shades of narcissism at work: The relationships of narcissism dimensions with work-related outcomes 工作中不同程度的自恋：自恋维度与工作相关结果的关系

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112943

Elżbieta Biolik

{"title":"Different shades of narcissism at work: The relationships of narcissism dimensions with work-related outcomes","authors":"Elżbieta Biolik","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although narcissism is regarded as a multidimensional construct, there is little organizational research considering its heterogeneity. The present study (<em>N</em> = 500; age: <em>M</em> = 41.78, <em>SD</em> = 11.29; 42.5 % female) examined whether different aspects of narcissism (narcissistic admiration, narcissistic rivalry, collective narcissism, and vulnerable narcissism) were related to a broad spectrum of organizational outcomes, reflecting the individual's heavy work investments. Narcissistic admiration constituted the strongest positive predictor of global and personal meaning of work, harmonious passion at work, and work engagement. Narcissistic rivalry emerged as the strongest positive predictor of work addiction, work-family, and family-work conflicts, and the only negative predictor of personal meaning of work and harmonious passion. Communal narcissism positively predicted personal and global meaning of work, work addiction, and work-family and family-work conflicts. Vulnerable narcissism displayed negative relationships with job engagement and positive ones – with harmonious and obsessive passions, job addiction, and work-family conflict. The findings demonstrated divergent relationship patterns of each narcissistic variant with organizational variables, which vary in potential adaptability. The results suggested that narcissistic admiration and communal narcissism might bring both maladaptive and some potentially adaptive organizational outcomes. Narcissistic rivalry and vulnerable narcissism seem to manifest themselves only unfavorably in the workplace.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relation between adverse experiences and proactive aggression: The moderating role of emotional sensitivity 不良经历与主动攻击之间的关系：情绪敏感性的调节作用

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112944

Xue Tian , Qingxin Fan , Yanming Zhao , WenFeng Zhu

{"title":"The relation between adverse experiences and proactive aggression: The moderating role of emotional sensitivity","authors":"Xue Tian , Qingxin Fan , Yanming Zhao , WenFeng Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although adverse experiences might influence human aggressive behavior, not all individuals who experience adverse experiences will behave aggressively. Therefore, it is necessary to study the moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship. Based on the diathesis-stress model, we explored the moderating role of emotional sensitivity in the association between adverse experiences and proactive aggressive behavior. Specifically, 940 individuals completed the measures of adverse experiences (family neglect and community violence exposure), proactive aggression and emotional sensitivity. The results found that adverse experiences were significantly and positively associated with one's aggressive behaviors. Furthermore, the strength of these relationships was moderated by emotional sensitivity. Individuals with low emotional sensitivity showed weaker associations compared to those with high emotional sensitivity, suggesting the lower emotional sensitivity served as a buffer against the negative effects of adverse experiences on proactive aggressive behavior. These findings supported the diathesis-stress model and deepen our understanding of the link between adverse experiences and proactive aggression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112944"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Religious perfectionism, spiritual struggles, and sense of community: Associations with depression among ultra-Orthodox Jews 宗教完美主义、精神挣扎和群体意识：极端东正教犹太人抑郁的相关性

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112936

Eliane Sommerfeld

{"title":"Religious perfectionism, spiritual struggles, and sense of community: Associations with depression among ultra-Orthodox Jews","authors":"Eliane Sommerfeld","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relatively new concept of religious perfectionism is important for understanding individual differences in psychological well-being among religious people. However, it has not been examined within the ultra-Orthodox Jewish population. This cross-sectional study investigates the effects of the two facets of religious perfectionism—zealous religious dedication and religious self-criticism—along with religious and spiritual struggles and sense of community on depression, assessing the unique contribution of each factor among ultra-Orthodox Jews. Participants were 201 ultra-Orthodox Jews living in Israel, and the variables were assessed through self-report measures. The findings revealed that depression was negatively associated with zealous religious dedication and sense of community, while positively associated with religious self-criticism and religious and spiritual struggles. Additionally, religious self-criticism was linked to religious and spiritual struggles. In a multiple regression analysis, religious and spiritual struggles emerged as a strong predictor of depression, potentially overshadowing the contributions of other personal and social factors in understanding the mental well-being of ultra-Orthodox individuals. Further research is needed to explore how psycho-social-cultural factors interact to influence the mental well-being of this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112936"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Depressive symptoms and violence perpetration: Examining the moderating influence of reward sensitivity and emotional reactivity in community adults at elevated risk for violent behavior 抑郁症状与暴力行为：在暴力行为风险较高的社区成年人中研究奖赏敏感性和情绪反应性的调节作用

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112933

Wendy Huerta, Naomi Sadeh

{"title":"Depressive symptoms and violence perpetration: Examining the moderating influence of reward sensitivity and emotional reactivity in community adults at elevated risk for violent behavior","authors":"Wendy Huerta, Naomi Sadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is growing interest in understanding whether, and under what circumstances, depression confers risk for violence perpetration. To address these questions, we examined whether major depressive disorder (MDD) symptoms correlated with violence perpetration beyond co-occurring externalizing psychopathology, and whether individual differences in reward and emotional reactivity modified depression-violence associations. In a sample of 480 community adults (<em>M/SD</em><sub>age</sub> = 32.2/10.5, 53.5 % female), lifetime MDD symptoms correlated positively with lifetime violence perpetration (e.g., assault, physical fighting) above and beyond basic demographic variables. However, this relationship became non-significant after accounting for co-occurring alcohol and substance use disorders symptoms. The link between depression and violence was also modulated by individual differences in reward sensitivity, but not emotional reactivity. Follow-up analyses indicated that MDD symptoms correlated positively with violence perpetration among individuals with blunted trait reward sensitivity, particularly those low on consummatory reward, but not individuals high on reward sensitivity. Together, these findings demonstrate the importance of considering depression symptoms and trait reward sensitivity in models of violence risk, novel insights that can inform prevention and intervention efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No time to slow down: Time poverty predicts fast life history strategy via dissatisfaction of basic psychological needs 没有时间慢下来时间贫乏通过满足基本心理需求预测快速生活史策略

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112939

Keye Zhang , Shanshan Ma , Ziyan Yang , Shuhua Zhu , Ying Yang

{"title":"No time to slow down: Time poverty predicts fast life history strategy via dissatisfaction of basic psychological needs","authors":"Keye Zhang , Shanshan Ma , Ziyan Yang , Shuhua Zhu , Ying Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resource scarcity was found to affect individuals' life history strategy development, but mainly from the perspective of tangible material resources. Using a three-wave longitudinal design, we investigated the link between intangible time resource scarcity (i.e., time poverty) and life history strategy, and whether basic psychological need satisfaction was the key mediator of the relationship between them. A total of 687 Chinese college students were surveyed three times during one semester with six-week intervals. Results of cross-lagged panel models suggested that high levels of perceived time poverty would lead to frustration in satisfying individuals' basic psychological needs, especially in fulfilling their competence need (rather than autonomy or relatedness), thus accelerate individuals' (fast) life history strategies. This study disentangled the differential mediating roles of different psychological needs satisfaction (i.e., autonomy, competence, relatedness) in these longitudinal associations, highlighting how intangible resource-scarce environment is linked with life history strategy. The current findings provide valuable information to inform interventions aiming to buffer the potentially detrimental effects of time poverty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112939"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linking personality to gratitude in the Chinese context: The mediating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy 在中国环境中将人格与感恩联系起来：调节情绪自我效能感的中介作用

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112941

Liang Chen , Fang Liu

{"title":"Linking personality to gratitude in the Chinese context: The mediating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy","authors":"Liang Chen , Fang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies have demonstrated that the relationship between personality traits and emotional experience. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The present study examined the mediating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy on the relationship between personality traits and gratitude. Using a cross-sectional examination, a sample of 407 adults completed measures of personality traits, regulatory emotional self-efficacy, and gratitude. Results showed that extraversion was positively related to gratitude and regulatory emotional self-efficacy, and neuroticism was negatively related to gratitude and regulatory emotional self-efficacy. Results also indicated that regulatory emotional self-efficacy mediated the association between the two personality traits (extraversion and neuroticism) and gratitude. In addition, results revealed a reciprocal relationship between regulatory emotional self-efficacy and gratitude. The present findings highlight the importance of beliefs in guiding individuals' behavior and emotional experience. Longitudinal studies and positive emotions interventions aimed at improving well-being could be implemented in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112941"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of transgressing disgust-related norms in different social contexts 在不同社会背景下违反与厌恶有关的规范所产生的影响

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112937

Michal Mikolaj Stefanczyk, Marta Kowal, Agnieszka Sorokowska

{"title":"The impact of transgressing disgust-related norms in different social contexts","authors":"Michal Mikolaj Stefanczyk, Marta Kowal, Agnieszka Sorokowska","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disgust helps navigating through an environment by avoiding potential threats. Some of these threats can be posed by other individuals, which makes disgust an important mechanism in a social context. Here, we explored how violating disgust norms influences perception of norm-transgressors. In Study 1 (<em>N</em> = 331), we investigated the perceived attractiveness of an individual eliciting disgust, as well as willingness to befriend them, and consider them as a potential mate. We found that disgust norms transgressors are perceived as less attractive, evoke less sexual desire, and are considered as a potential friend to a smaller degree. Study 2 (<em>N</em> = 367) showed sex differences in perceiving transgressors' attractiveness, with females transgressing disgust norms considered more attractive than males who made the same transgressions. Furthermore, male transgressors elicited greater disgust than female ones. We conclude that transgressing disgust norms might lead to severe social costs, such as potential exclusion from relationships and a decreased mate value, and that it might be more detrimental to men than women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the connections between boredom proneness, resilience, mental well-being, and rumination 研究厌倦感、复原力、心理健康和反刍之间的联系

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112931

Yusuf Akyıl

{"title":"Examining the connections between boredom proneness, resilience, mental well-being, and rumination","authors":"Yusuf Akyıl","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boredom includes subjective experiences such as temporal stagnation, difficulty maintaining focus, and a lack of meaningful goals. Boredom is a common feeling that can strike anyone at any time. The primary goal of this research is to determine the extent to which boredom proneness, rumination, and mental wellbeing predict resilience. The study included 542 university students, 445 females and 97 males, aged 17 to 29. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics first, followed by correlation analysis. The next stage involved applying hierarchical regression analysis to the significant results. The analysis included gender and age as control variables. Following that, four models were tested, each with the concepts of boredom proneness, rumination, and mental wellbeing. The analysis revealed that boredom, rumination, and mental wellbeing accounted for 34 % of the total variance in resilience. Boredom can be alleviated by directing people away from monotonous routines and toward different interests on an intermittent basis. As a result, bored people can reduce their tendency to obsess over their thoughts, which benefits their mental health. Finally, it has the potential to assist individuals in achieving mental stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Clothe yourselves with humility”: Humility can promote fairness "以谦卑自居"：谦逊可以促进公平

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112938

Xin Wang , Chuhua Zheng , Yanhong Wu

引用次数: 0