Personality and Individual Differences最新文献_第2页

Subjectivity in creative self beliefs: A Q-sort analysis 创造性自我信念的主观性：Q 排序分析

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112974

Jeb S. Puryear , Kristen N. Lamb

{"title":"Subjectivity in creative self beliefs: A Q-sort analysis","authors":"Jeb S. Puryear , Kristen N. Lamb","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past two decades, the study of creative self-beliefs has focused on generating instruments which target self-efficacy, self-identity, and self-perceptions. In this study, we re-examined creative self-belief (CSB) scales through the lens of implicit and subjective beliefs about creativity using Q-methodology. Our goal was to determine whether patterns in people's subjective beliefs about creativity manifested themselves in the assessment of CSBs. To accomplish this goal, we used forty-nine items from previously published scales on CSBs to create the corpus of items for a Q-sort analysis. Findings revealed three perspectives on how people arrive at whether they think they are creative or not: <em>Identity-Essentialist</em>, <em>Practical-Productive</em>, and <em>Imaginative-Visionary</em>. Connections were observed between the three perspectives, scales from which items were drawn, and typical implicit theories of creativity. Qualitative analysis of pre- and post-sort questions extended on the implicit theories theme as participants suggested that the existing CSB items did not fully capture their thought process when considering whether they are creative or not. Implications for the assessment of CSBs and the relevance of implicit theories in that work are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 112974"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clusters of borderline personality disorder traits and functional life outcomes: A novel person-centered approach 边缘型人格障碍特征群与功能性生活结果：以人为本的新方法

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112972

Melina Sneesby, Rosemery Nelson-Gray

{"title":"Clusters of borderline personality disorder traits and functional life outcomes: A novel person-centered approach","authors":"Melina Sneesby, Rosemery Nelson-Gray","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience significant distress in daily life. However, the symptoms and functional impairment presented varies across affected individuals. The present study sought to parse out the heterogeneity within BPD by clarifying clusters of BPD traits and examining how they predict functional outcomes. Undergraduates (<em>N</em> = 504) completed the Personality Assessment Inventory-Borderline Features Scale (PAI-BOR) and several self-report questionnaires to assess functioning across life domains (i.e., global life functioning, social functioning, romantic functioning [trust and attachment], and emotional functioning [emotional intelligence and emotion regulation]). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a five-factor structure within the PAI-BOR, consisting of Impulsivity, Mood Instability, Chronic Emptiness, Separation Concerns, and Negative Relationships. Using these BPD factors, a person-centered approach identified three distinct clusters in the data and how they relate to functional life outcomes: (1) High Functioning (i.e., low scores on factors and best outcomes), (2) Moderate Functioning (i.e., average scores on factors and outcomes), and (3) Low Functioning (i.e., high scores on factors and poorest outcomes). The findings have important implications for assessment, prognosis, and treatment planning, such as anticipating the extent of life dysfunction and emphasizing the need to comprehensively intervene with all five traits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 112972"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of cognitive capital in driving the development and quality of national infrastructure 认知资本在推动国家基础设施的发展和质量方面的作用

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112968

Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre , Jorge Albuja-Sánchez , Aurelio José Figueredo

{"title":"The role of cognitive capital in driving the development and quality of national infrastructure","authors":"Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre , Jorge Albuja-Sánchez , Aurelio José Figueredo","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous cross-national examinations provide empirical evidence regarding the influence of cognitive capital on the macroeconomic development and stability of contemporary nations. Similarly, numerous biodemographic studies have substantiated the contribution of national wealth to the quality of infrastructure within countries. Despite these findings, minimal attention has been given to the role of cognitive capital in nations' infrastructure quality. This study investigated the influence of biodemographic life history, cognitive capital, wealth inequality, GDP per capita, the percentage of young males in the workforce, and a state functioning factor (comprising government effectiveness, innovation, and competitiveness) on nations' quality of infrastructure. A Sequential Canonical Cascade model accounted for 50 % of the variance, with a biodemographic slow life history factor positively predicting cognitive ability, which in turn, contributed to lower wealth inequality and greater GDP per capita at the national level. Macroeconomic development positively influenced the state functioning factor scores of nations. Ultimately, state functioning and national cognitive ability positively influenced the quality of infrastructure. An alternative model, controlling for the effects of the aforementioned macroeconomic factors, provided further evidence for the positive influence of state functioning and cognitive ability scores on infrastructure quality, explaining 62 % of the variance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 112968"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing a novel parental phubbing scale of mother and father forms for adolescents in Türkiye: A validity and reliability study 为土耳其青少年编制新的父母溺爱量表：有效性和可靠性研究

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112963

Müge Akbağ , Fuat Aydoğdu , Amelia Rizzo

{"title":"Developing a novel parental phubbing scale of mother and father forms for adolescents in Türkiye: A validity and reliability study","authors":"Müge Akbağ , Fuat Aydoğdu , Amelia Rizzo","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parental phubbing occurs when parents interrupt and neglect communication with their child by focusing on their smartphones. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive scale for perceived parental phubbing and examine its psychometric properties. The scale was initially developed based on a review of existing research and essays written by secondary school adolescents aged 10–15 years, who represented the target group. Construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on samples of Turkish adolescents (N<sub>EFA</sub> = 325, N<sub>CFA</sub>=210). EFA identified a 10-item structure with two factors—“interaction interruptions” and “emotional reactions”—which accounted for a significant portion of the total variance in both the Parental Phubbing Scale-Mother (PPS-M) and Father (PPS-F) Forms. CFA confirmed this structure, with both forms demonstrating a good fit. Criterion validity was evaluated through correlations with the short forms of the Smartphone Addiction Scale and UCLA Loneliness Scale, showing positive correlations. Reliability analysis indicated that both Cronbach's <em>α</em> and McDonald's <em>ω</em> coefficients exceeded 0.70 for both the PPS-MF and PPS-FF. Test-retest reliability coefficients ranged between 0.70 and 0.82 for both forms. In conclusion, the PPS-MF and PPS-FF are valid and reliable instruments for assessing parental phubbing based on adolescents' perceptions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 112963"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and validation of the prosocial conformity tendency scale in adolescents 青少年亲社会一致性倾向量表的开发与验证

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112932

Yanfeng Xu , Xiyan Zhao , Delin Yu , Huting Xu

{"title":"Development and validation of the prosocial conformity tendency scale in adolescents","authors":"Yanfeng Xu , Xiyan Zhao , Delin Yu , Huting Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prosocial conformity, the tendency to engage in prosocial behaviors due to social pressure or influence, plays a significant role in adolescent development. However, a comprehensive understanding of its underlying structure and a validated measurement for adolescents are lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Study 1 employed semi-structured interviews with 22 high school students. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify the core components of prosocial conformity. Study 2 involved three phases of data collection with a total of 783 high school students. Based on the qualitative findings, an 18-item self-report scale was developed and refined through a series of psychometric evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Qualitative analysis revealed four distinct dimensions of prosocial conformity: Social Morality Conformity, Altruistic and Helping Conformity, Group-Oriented and Rule-Following Conformity, and Social Relationship Conformity. EFA supported a four-factor, 18-item structure, which was confirmed by CFA. The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency, good criterion-related validity, measurement invariance across genders, and satisfactory test-retest reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The four-factor structure offers a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted construct of prosocial conformity. And the developed Prosocial Conformity Tendency Scale is a reliable and valid tool for assessing it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 112932"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Practically perfect in every way: Perfectionism and evaluations of perfect performances in sport 实际上处处完美：体育运动中的完美主义和对完美表现的评价

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112954

Benjamin J.I. Schellenberg , Patrick Gaudreau , Lakin Rose

{"title":"Practically perfect in every way: Perfectionism and evaluations of perfect performances in sport","authors":"Benjamin J.I. Schellenberg , Patrick Gaudreau , Lakin Rose","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How do perfection strivers react when they witness a perfect sport performance? In two studies, we show that perfectionism is associated with a lower likelihood of providing perfect performance ratings when there is ambiguity about whether a performance is indeed perfect. In Study 1, 312 baseball fans watched the final plays from an infamous baseball game from 2010 in which a pitcher delivered what is known as a “perfect game”; however, due to an officiating error at the end of the game, the game was not officially considered to be “perfect”. In Study 2, a separate sample of 439 baseball fans participated in an experimental study in which they read scenarios depicting a perfect game in baseball. However, some participants were randomly assigned to learn that, due to an officiating error, the pitcher's performance could not be considered “perfect”. In both studies, we observed a negative association between perfectionism and the likelihood of rating the pitcher's performance perfectly when there was ambiguity about the perfectness of the game. These results speak to the mindset that is theorized to characterize perfectionists and demonstrate the hypersensitivity of perfectionists to signs of imperfection, even within perfect performances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 112954"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Dark Five: A reconsideration of the Short Dark Tetrad (SD4) 黑暗五重奏重新考虑短黑暗四分体（SD4）

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112971

J.J. Crawford , C. Smyth , B.P. Crossey , D. Waldeck

{"title":"The Dark Five: A reconsideration of the Short Dark Tetrad (SD4)","authors":"J.J. Crawford , C. Smyth , B.P. Crossey , D. Waldeck","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The measurement of ‘dark’ personality traits has been shown to be susceptible to error. In particular, the Dark Tetrad is theorized to fit poorly to the 4-factor structure within the SD4 (Paulhus et al., 2021). The present study examined the structural validity of the SD4 by using a dataset of internet users (<em>n</em> = 604). A robust approach to confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the 4-factor model proposed by Paulhus et al. (2021) did not appropriately reflect the data. Alternatively, an exploratory 5-factor model (<em>The Dark Five</em>; including coalition-building, grandiose exhibitionism, psychopathy, violent voyeurism, and indirect sadism) resulted in better statistical fit than the 4-factor model. Moreover, the Dark Five allowed the successful discrimination of psychopathy and sadism and explained more variance in attachment orientation than had the 4-factor model. Future research using the SD4 to measure ‘dark’ personalities or to explore differences between psychopathy and sadism may therefore benefit by testing the 5-factor model or opting for a different measure of the Dark Tetrad.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 112971"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do bored people engage in online trolling more actively? Exploring the role of dark personalities and boredom proneness 无聊的人是否会更积极地参与网络嘲弄？探究阴暗性格和无聊倾向的作用

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112956

Seo Yoon Lee

{"title":"Do bored people engage in online trolling more actively? Exploring the role of dark personalities and boredom proneness","authors":"Seo Yoon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates individual traits that explain the likelihood of engaging in online trolling. It examines the association between dark personality traits (Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism) and trolling intentions, and incorporates boredom proneness to further elucidate trolling behaviors. Utilizing data collected via Prolific (<em>n</em> = 414), the findings from hierarchical regression analyses revealed significant positive associations of psychopathy, sadism, and boredom proneness with online trolling tendencies. Machiavellianism alone did not significantly predict trolling behavior; however, its interaction with boredom proneness was significant, indicating that individuals high in Machiavellianism who are also prone to boredom are more likely to engage in online trolling. A similar pattern emerged for those high in psychopathy and sadism; those also experiencing high levels of boredom demonstrated a greater propensity for active trolling engagement. This study highlights the complex interplay between personality traits and the tendency to engage in disruptive online behaviors, online trolling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 112956"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-comparison versus social-comparison: The impact of imperfection on executive function in perfectionists 自我比较与社会比较：不完美对完美主义者执行功能的影响

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112965

Yan Zhou , Ye Yang , Haiyang Jiang , Cheng Guo

{"title":"Self-comparison versus social-comparison: The impact of imperfection on executive function in perfectionists","authors":"Yan Zhou , Ye Yang , Haiyang Jiang , Cheng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfectionism is closely linked to high academic achievement, yet it is uncertain whether and how this advantage is manifested in cognitive functioning. We aimed to investigate whether the subtypes of perfectionists' executive functions (EF) are more susceptible to self-comparison or social-comparison. We recruited 75 students and provided them with sequential failure feedback based on self-comparison or social-comparison, and their performance on the three components of EF was subsequently recorded. Results indicated that for the perfectionists, receiving feedback that their performance was inferior to others served as a stronger facilitator of EF than when they performed worse than their own goals. Moreover, individual differences were observed. The Mixed-perfectionism group, i.e., those high in both Perfectionism striving (PS) and Perfectionism concern (PC), were more sensitive to social-comparison feedback, whereas those in the Pure PS group were more sensitive to self-comparison feedback. Additionally, the extent of these effects varied across the three components of EF. Strategies for maximizing the facilitative effects of feedback on cognition based on individual differences are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 112965"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Virtuous victimhood as a Dark Triad resource transfer strategy 美德受害者作为黑暗三合会的资源转移战略

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Personality and Individual Differences Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112964

Timothy C. Bates, Ciara Grant, Leila Hobbs, Claire Johnston, Shahrzad Moghaddam, Kate Sinclair

{"title":"Virtuous victimhood as a Dark Triad resource transfer strategy","authors":"Timothy C. Bates, Ciara Grant, Leila Hobbs, Claire Johnston, Shahrzad Moghaddam, Kate Sinclair","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Virtuous victim signals have been described as a resource transfer strategy motivated by dark traits of narcissism and Machiavellianism Ok et al. (2021). Here we report direct replication of key predictions of this claim, test robustness to alternative predictors, and explore possible roles for sadism within virtuous-victim signalling. Study 1 (<em>N</em> = 750, preregistered) replicated significant, large, associations of virtuous victim signalling with communal narcissism and Machiavellianism. Study 2 (<em>N</em> = 750, preregistered) tested robustness of the association using an alternative victim signalling measure. The results again replicated, this time with larger effects (β = 0.41 for narcissism and β = 0.22 for Machiavellianism). Virtuous-victim status releases resources to the claimant but also leaves the accused as targets for attack. We therefore explored (study 3) whether a further dark trait – sadism –predicted exploitation of this victimization opportunity. Sadism was significantly and specifically associated with engaging in and enjoying attacks on accused. The results provide independent support for virtuous victim signalling as narcissistic Machiavellianism. Dark traits may be adapted to exploit the resources released to victims, and opportunities for resource-capture provided by victimizing others under a righteous guise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 112964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0