Behaviour Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Prosody-focused feedback enhances the efficacy of anti-depressive self-statements in depressed individuals - A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Jonathan F Bauer, Lena Schindler-Gmelch, Maurice Gerczuk, Björn Schuller, Matthias Berking","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was aimed to evaluate whether the efficacy of invoking anti-depressive self-statements to cope with depressed mood can be enhanced for depressed individuals by systematically guiding them to amplify the expression of conviction in their voice. Accordingly, we recruited N = 144 participants (48 clinically depressed individuals, 48 sub-clinically depressed individuals, and 48 non-depressed individuals). Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental or control condition. Across study conditions, participants completed a mood induction procedure, then read aloud scripted anti-depressive self-statements designed to reduce depressed mood. Participants in the experimental condition received instructions to heighten the prosodic expression of conviction in their voice; participants in the control condition received no prosodic expression instructions. Results showed that depressed participants achieved a more pronounced decrease of depressed mood in the experimental condition than in the control condition. Further, the results indicated no effects in sub-clinically depressed and non-depressed individuals. Finally, heightened conviction expressed by participants in the experimental condition was associated with lower depressed mood and diminished depressive symptom severity. Overall, our findings suggest that fostering the prosodic expression of conviction in depressed persons' voices, while they vocalize anti-depressive self-statements, represents a promising method for augmenting the efficacy of cognitive interventions for depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"104667"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It's safer to believe that others don't like me\" - A qualitative study on the paradoxical value of negative core beliefs in depression.","authors":"Tobias Kube, Lisa Rauch","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression is related to difficulty revising established negative self-beliefs in response to novel positive experiences. This propensity is in some way paradoxical because negative beliefs usually have many obvious negative consequences for the individual (e.g., feeling upset). Using a qualitative approach, the present study sought to explore what makes such negative self-beliefs valuable from the patients' perspectives. In 14 patients with major depression, we conducted semi-structured interviews that explored the perceived benefits of retaining an individually specified negative core belief as well as the perceived costs of changing it. In a deductive-inductive approach based on a recent theoretical model of the value of beliefs, we found eight themes that may explain why people with depression uphold negative beliefs (intercoder agreement: κ = .81): expectation management, certainty and control, avoiding cognitive dissonance, adaptivity in the past, protection of higher values, attachment and belonging, saving resources, short-term counterevidence. The two most frequently mentioned themes were that retaining negative beliefs helps patients sustain certainty and keep expectations low to prevent future disappointments. While previous research has advanced the understanding of how (i.e., through which mechanisms) people with depression maintain negative self-beliefs, the present study provides novel insights into why they do so.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"104665"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations among PTSD symptoms, fear of emotion, and couple communication difficulties: A between-person dyadic analysis.","authors":"Steffany J Fredman, Jeesun Lee, Yunying Le, Emily Taverna, Amy D Marshall","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated between-person associations among PTSD symptoms, fear of emotion, and perceived couple communication difficulties in a dyadic context among 64 trauma-exposed, mixed gender community couples (N = 128 individuals) using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model. Individuals with higher PTSD symptoms endorsed greater fear of their emotions (β_Men = .72; β_Women = .49), and those with greater fear of their emotions reported lower levels of constructive couple communication (β_Men = -.19; β_Women = -.21) and higher levels of self-demand/partner-withdraw communication (β_Men = .20; β_Women = .25) and partner-demand/self-withdraw communication (β_Men = .26; β_Women = .33) with their partners. Additionally, women whose partners had higher PTSD symptoms endorsed greater fear of their emotions (β = .30). The most robust indirect PTSD-communication links were between (a) individuals' PTSD symptoms and their perceptions of partner-demand/self-withdraw communication when accounting for associations with fear of their emotions and (b) men's PTSD symptoms and women's perceived partner-demand/self-withdraw communication accounting for associations with women's fear of their emotions. Men with higher PTSD symptoms also reported greater self-demand/partner-withdraw communication (β = .28), independent of their fear of emotion. Couple-based treatments for PTSD that promote emotional tolerance and are sensitive to gender differences in how PTSD symptoms relate to each partner's perception of the man-demand/woman-withdraw communication pattern may improve trauma survivors' relationship functioning and increase the potential for relationships to serve as a conduit for recovery from PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"104666"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunity for counterproductive attentional capture by reward signals among individuals with depressive symptoms.","authors":"Xiaoning Zhao, Jinsheng Hu, Meng Liu, Qi Li, Qingshuo Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of attentional capture by reward signals in individuals with depression during classical conditioning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A variant of the additional singleton paradigm was adopted with a high- or low-reward signal as the prominent distracting stimulus. In Experiment 1, 46 participants with depressive symptoms and 46 healthy controls were asked to conduct a keypress response to the visual target. In Experiment 2, 58 participants with depressive symptoms and 58 healthy controls were asked to conduct a fixation response to the visual target.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the keypress response task, the presence of high-reward signals slowed down the responses of participants in the control group, whereas the response times of individuals with depression were not significantly affected. In the fixation response task, when the high-reward signal was presented, individuals with depression were more likely to choose the target location as the first saccade destination, compared with healthy controls. In addition, individuals with depression exhibited fewer oculomotor capture by high-reward signals than healthy controls, a trait which was closely linked to the enhanced saccadic inhibition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of our study indicated that individuals with depression exhibited an abnormality in attentional capture by reward-related conditioned stimuli during classical conditioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"104664"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Happy 100th anniversary, behavior therapy!","authors":"Georg W Alpers","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104642","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"104642"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of scalable routine clinical materials and observer ratings to assess CBT fidelity","authors":"Amber Calloway ,&nbsp;Torrey A. Creed ,&nbsp;Niki B. Gumport ,&nbsp;Cassidy Gutner ,&nbsp;Luana Marques ,&nbsp;Samantha Hernandez ,&nbsp;Jiyoung Song ,&nbsp;Clara Johnson ,&nbsp;Soo Jeong Youn ,&nbsp;Sohayla Elhusseini ,&nbsp;Regine M. Deguzman-Lucero ,&nbsp;Taylor Laskot ,&nbsp;Heidi La Bash ,&nbsp;Yesenia Aguilar Silvan ,&nbsp;Caroline Cassotte ,&nbsp;Alayna L. Park ,&nbsp;Kimberlye Dean ,&nbsp;Anna D. Bartuska ,&nbsp;Booil Jo ,&nbsp;Paul Barnett ,&nbsp;Shannon Wiltsey Stirman","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decades of research have demonstrated the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) for a wide variety of psychiatric diagnoses, resulting in the inclusion of CBT as a first-line evidence-based practice (EBP) in treatment guidelines for mood and anxiety disorders. However, some research suggests that many providers do not implement EBPs as intended. Ongoing quality monitoring is needed to support EBP implementation and sustainability, but “gold standard” fidelity monitoring (e.g. observer ratings) is time-consuming, requires extensive training, and may feel intrusive to providers and clients. In the current study, we aimed to develop a scalable method of assessing CBT fidelity that leverages information generated in routine clinical care (e.g. session worksheets and clinician checklists). Ratings of adherence based on worksheets were not correlated with ratings of adherence based on observer ratings. However, ratings of competence based on worksheets were significantly correlated with observer ratings of competence. Ratings of adherence based on clinician checklist ratings were also significantly correlated with observer-rated adherence. Results did not indicate a strong relationship between adherence or competence measured by worksheet ratings or observer and symptom change. However, adherence as measured by clinician checklists were associated with subsequent depression symptom change. Findings have a strong potential to impact fidelity monitoring strategies for a variety of CBTs. Given the limited resources and time to do full audio review in routine care settings, findings suggest that using routine materials generated in session to assess therapist competence may be a feasible alternative to the “gold standard” audio review. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03479398.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 104655"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fear generalization in individuals with subclinical symptoms of panic disorder.","authors":"Angelos-Miltiadis Krypotos, Gaëtan Mertens, Despoina Matziarli, Irene Klugkist, Iris M Engelhard","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Panic disorder (PD) is a debilitating mental health condition, characterized by a preoccupation with the occurrence of panic attacks. Previous research has found that PD patients display increased fear generalization, which entails inflated fear responses to ambiguous stimuli (e.g., intermediate size circles) following fear conditioning wherein a neutral stimulus (e.g., large circle) gets paired with an aversive stimulus (e.g., electric shocks), whereas another neutral stimulus (e.g., small circle) is not paired with this aversive stimulus. The overgeneralization of fear to ambiguous stimuli may be a causal mechanism in the development of panic symptoms. However, this finding requires replication, particularly among subclinical groups to establish temporal priority of fear overgeneralization prior to the development of PD symptoms. This study examines whether fear generalization levels differ between individuals with high and low levels of some PD symptoms. Participants (N = 110) underwent fear conditioning and generalization, measuring physiological and self-report fear responses. Successful fear acquisition and generalization were observed. However, fear generalization did not significantly differ between groups with high and low PD symptomatology. These findings suggest that generalization observed in clinical populations might result from psychopathology rather than causing it. Using both clinical and subclinical samples in experimental psychopathology research is therefore important.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"104649"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translational assessment of anhedonia components: Significant associations between reward anticipation measured via behavioural task performance, daily smartphone reports, and general anhedonia questionnaires","authors":"C.E. Parsons ,&nbsp;L. Tollånes ,&nbsp;M. Cella ,&nbsp;C.R. Hirsch ,&nbsp;K.S. Young","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anhedonia, a reduction in pleasure in previously enjoyed activities, is a hallmark feature of depression and is also of transdiagnostic relevance to many psychiatric disorders. Treatment and measurement of anhedonia are significant challenges. We examine anhedonia components, combining experimental training, with multimodal anhedonia assessment, comprising standard questionnaire instruments, a widely-used behavioural task, and daily reports of reward experience. Seventy-eight adults (74.4% female) completed both positive and negative cognitive bias modification training, a laboratory-based behavioural measure of reward anticipation and motivation, the Effort-Expenditure for Reward Task (EEfRT), and seven days of experience sampling via their smartphones.</div><div>We found no evidence that cognitive bias modification training affected choices to engage in the high-effort trials on the EEfRT task, theorised to reflect reward anticipation. We also did not find the expected associations between baseline measures of anhedonia and reward sensitivity and response to training. Behavioural performance on the low probability EEfRT trials indicating higher reward anticipation was significantly associated with daily reports of anticipated reward. Daily reported reward anticipation and consumption were also associated with the questionnaire measure of anhedonia. Our findings demonstrate that traditional anhedonia questionnaire measures, and a laboratory-based measure of an anhedonia component, can translate to reported experiences of reward in real-world contexts. We demonstrate the specificity of associations between the laboratory measure, designed to measure reward anticipation and not consumption, and real-world reports.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 104654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep bad, feel bad: Unpacking the role of exercise and socializing","authors":"Sihan Liu ,&nbsp;Lin-Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Mark Shuquan Chen ,&nbsp;Huiting Cao ,&nbsp;Tony J. Cunningham ,&nbsp;Jutta Joormann","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the daily associations between sleep disturbances and emotional well-being, focusing on exercise and social interaction as potential moderating factors. Using a longitudinal daily diary approach, we analyzed data from 455 participants (mean age = 41.98 years, 382 females) who reported daily diaries over 20 days. Multilevel modeling was employed to analyze both within- and between-person relations between sleep variables (duration, efficiency, difficulty falling asleep) and next day positive/negative affect. The analysis also explored the moderating roles of exercise and socializing, adjusting for age, sex, and COVID-related variables. Our findings indicate that at both within- and between-person levels, higher sleep efficiency predicted increased positive affect and reduced negative affect; conversely, difficulty falling asleep predicted diminished positive affect and heightened negative affect. Sleep duration had a nonlinear relationship with positive and negative affect, with both longer and shorter than usual sleep duration predicting less positive and more negative affect. Exercise and socializing showed different moderating roles in the relationship between sleep and negative affect. Exercise was found to mitigate the negative impact of poor sleep on negative affect, whereas extended socializing amplified the salutary impact of good sleep on reducing negative affect. Our findings underscore the importance of sleep health in daily emotional well-being, suggesting associations between sleep efficiency, difficulty falling asleep, and next-day affect at both within- and between-person levels. Furthermore, the distinct moderation patterns of exercise and socializing provide unique insights into the interplay of sleep, exercise, and social interaction, allowing more targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104652"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive cognitive reappraisal flexibility is associated with lower levels of perceived stress","authors":"Marta A. Marciniak ,&nbsp;Stephanie Homan ,&nbsp;Matthias Zerban ,&nbsp;Gesine Schrade ,&nbsp;Kenneth S.L. Yuen ,&nbsp;Dorota Kobylińska ,&nbsp;Matthias J. Wieser ,&nbsp;Henrik Walter ,&nbsp;Erno J. Hermans ,&nbsp;Lilly Shanahan ,&nbsp;Raffael Kalisch ,&nbsp;Birgit Kleim","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the role of positive cognitive reappraisal (PCR) flexibility and variability in mental health in response to real-life stressors among college students. We employed ecological momentary assessment and intervention through ReApp, a mobile app designed to train and promote PCR. We analyzed data from the intervention group of a randomized controlled trial with a total of 100 participants who used ReApp for three weeks. Stressors due to health problems, uncomfortable environment (e.g., rainy weather, crowded buses, etc.), and lack of time were reported most frequently. Stressors related to the war in Ukraine, fear of the future, exams, and COVID-19 were reported as the most severe. To reappraise these stressors, the participants used mostly acceptance and problem-solving tactics. A key finding is the role of emotional demand–dependent PCR flexibility in mental health. Specifically, the flexible adaptation of PCR tactics in response to stressor severity was associated with a more substantial decline in perceived stress over the study period among participants reporting low tendency to use PCR at the study's baseline (<em>β</em> = <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></math></span> 0.963, <em>p</em> = .016, Cohen's <em>f</em> = 0.26). In contrast, stressor domain–dependent flexibility and contextually independent between-tactic variability had no moderating effect on stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms. This study contributes to the field of emotion regulation flexibility by highlighting the adaptive role of emotional demand–dependent PCR flexibility in mental well-being among young adults navigating real-life stressors and underscores the importance of tailoring interventions based on the emotional demands of stressors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104653"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}