Behaviour Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Identifying predictors of treatment response in Hoarding Disorder using machine learning.","authors":"Jessica J Zakrzewski, Samantha Wu Williams, Tara Hashemian, Jason Cory Brunson, Carol A Mathews","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.105177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2026.105177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current gold standard treatment for Hoarding Disorder (HD) is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). However, typical symptom reduction is 25% and only about one third of individuals achieve a clinically meaningful response. We used machine learning (ML) to identify predictors of treatment response using data from a non-inferiority trial of clinician vs peer-led group CBT for HD. Assessments were completed for 323 individuals with HD at post-treatment (N = 323) and at one-year follow-up (N = 183). Assessments included neuropsychological testing, symptom severity and psychiatric diagnoses, beliefs about treatment, treatment participation, and adherence measures. Outcomes included changes in HD severity (Saving Inventory-Revised) and functioning (Activities for Daily Living-Hoarding), which were modeled separately. Linear regression and decision tree models were optimized with cross-validation and used to select predictors of response. LASSO was used to distinguish predictors for symptom trajectories (sustained response, regressed response, late response, non-response) determined at one-year follow-up. Optimized models found that reduction in HD severity immediately post-treatment was predicted only by beliefs that treatment was beneficial. Improvement in HD functioning post-treatment was predicted by beneficial beliefs about treatment, memory related saving, and better sustained attention. At follow-up, higher HD severity reduction was predicted by identifying as non-White, more time maintaining progress, and beneficial treatment beliefs. Higher HD functioning reduction at follow-up was predicted by memory related saving, beneficial treatment beliefs and better performance on a sorting task at pre-treatment. Beliefs about treatment, possessions as memory support, sorting, attention, and visual memory may be key factors in treatment response.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"207 ","pages":"105177"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic-level category processing advantage in fear generalization and its modulation by threat-conditioned stimulus diversity: Behavioral and event-related potential evidence.","authors":"Panpan Zhang, Jingyu Li, Simin Wu, Huimin Li, Yuhan Weng, Xifu Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.105185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2026.105185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Category-based fear generalization refers to the extension of acquired fear responses to novel stimuli sharing categorical cues with a threat stimulus. Categories are organized into superordinate, basic-level, and subordinate levels, which differ in cognitive processing advantages; however, whether this categorical advantage influences fear generalization remains unclear. Experiment 1 used a discriminative fear conditioning paradigm, employing subordinate exemplars of birds and measuring tools as the threat-conditioned stimulus (CS+) and the safety-conditioned stimulus (CS-), respectively. During the generalization test, we included generalization stimuli sharing either the same basic-level category (GS_Basic) or the same superordinate category (but different basic-level category) as the CS+. Fear generalization was assessed via shock expectancy ratings and skin conductance responses. Experiment 2 manipulated CS+ diversity (high vs. low) in the same task while recording electroencephalography to examine its moderating role. Behaviorally, acquired fear generalized more robustly to GS_Basic than to GS sharing the same superordinate category (GS_{Superordinate}). Participants in the high-diversity group showed higher shock expectancy ratings for both the CS+ and GS_Basic than those in the low-diversity group. Event-related potential results revealed that GS_Basic elicited P2 and N400 amplitudes comparable to those of the CS+, and exhibited more positive P2 and less negative N400 amplitudes than GS_{Superordinate} and CS-. Moreover, only the CS+ and GS_Basic elicited more positive LPP amplitudes than CS-. These findings suggest that early attentional allocation, late semantic processing, and motivational attention collectively constitute the electrophysiological basis of the basic-level category processing advantage in fear generalization, offering implications for the intervention of anxiety disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"207 ","pages":"105185"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing whether established risk factors for future eating disorder onset predict future overweight/obesity onset: A prospective study","authors":"Eric Stice ,&nbsp;Yuko Yamamiya","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence shows that overweight and obesity often co-occur with eating disorders, overeating and binge eating increase risk for future eating disorder onset, and a prevention program that reduces overeating prevents future eating disorder onset. These findings suggest that factors that increase risk for eating disorders may also increase risk for unhealthy weight gain. We tested whether predictors of future eating disorder onset, which include both risk factors and prodromal symptoms, also predict future onset of overweight or obesity. Data were collected from 1952 adolescent girls and young women who completed annual assessments over a 3-year period. Our final sample consisted of 1669 participants (<em>Mean</em> age = 19.4, <em>SD</em> = 4.9) who met the inclusion criteria. Logistic regression models tested whether each established eating disorder risk factor predicted future onset of overweight or obesity. Classification tree analysis tested for interactions among the predictors. Body dissatisfaction, negative affect, and feeling fat increased risk for future onset of overweight/obesity and lower-than-expected body weight reduced risk, though only body dissatisfaction and lower-than-expected body weight showed unique predictive effects in a multivariate model. The classification tree model indicated that high body dissatisfaction showed the strongest predictive effect, and that elevated negative affect further amplified risk; results also implicated a distinct risk pathway characterized by low psychosocial impairment. Results identified several risk and protective factors for overweight/obesity onset, which may work together in a synergistic faction to increase risk for overweight/obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104984"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure-based Interventions for Chronic Pain and Bodily Symptoms: A Special Interest Meeting Report","authors":"Lea Schemer ,&nbsp;Eveliina Glogan ,&nbsp;Rachel Sjouwerman ,&nbsp;Robert Ahm ,&nbsp;Yoni K. Ashar ,&nbsp;Yannick Boddez ,&nbsp;Katja Boersma ,&nbsp;J.P. Caneiro ,&nbsp;Rilana F.F. Cima ,&nbsp;Marlies den Hollander ,&nbsp;Ida Flink ,&nbsp;Julia A. Glombiewski ,&nbsp;Marielle Goossens ,&nbsp;Lauren E. Harrison ,&nbsp;Maria Hedman-Lagerlöf ,&nbsp;Ivan P.J. Huijnen ,&nbsp;Skye King ,&nbsp;Albère Köke ,&nbsp;Steven J. Linton ,&nbsp;Brjánn Ljótsson ,&nbsp;Johan W.S. Vlaeyen","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>More than two decades have passed since exposure-based interventions were first applied to four individuals with chronic low back pain reporting pain-related fear. To reflect on the progress made since then, an international Special Interest Meeting gathered experts for two days of active dialogue and discussion focusing on the theoretical foundations of exposure-based interventions and their broader application to bodily symptoms from an interdisciplinary perspective. In a subsequent joint paper, the participants summarized how exposure-based interventions have been applied across clinical settings (psychology, behavioral and rehabilitation medicine), treatment providers (psychologists, physiotherapists, physiatrists), delivery formats (digital and in-person), and treatment adaptations (for different age groups and co-occurring conditions). Beyond chronic pain, emerging applications have also extended to a wider range of bodily symptoms, including chronic neuropathic pain, post-concussion symptoms, tinnitus, female genitopelvic pain, cardiovascular symptoms, and gastrointestinal symptoms. To facilitate implementation in clinical practice, the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to systematically identify evidence gaps and inform a strategic roadmap for future research. Theoretical models that have shaped the field were examined for their potential to guide future innovation. Continued research is needed to clarify which individuals benefit most within a matched care framework and to identify optimal strategies for implementation in routine practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147322256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced self-affirmation mitigates attentional bias toward test-related threat in youths with elevated test anxiety","authors":"Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Yijun Yan ,&nbsp;Pan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examined the effect of self-affirmation manipulation in mitigating attentional bias toward test-related threat in secondary school students. In two Experiments, youths with high anxiety and the control group were randomized to an enhanced self-affirmation condition or a no self-affirmation condition, following which they completed an Emotional Stroop task of test-related threat words and test-unrelated neutral words as a measure of attentional bias. A pilot experiment was conducted in 85 11-to-18-year-old youths (43 high test anxiety, 42 low test anxiety) and showed the self-affirmation decreased the response time for both groups. In the main experiment, we recruited a new group of 118 11-to-18-year-old youths (59 high test anxiety, 59 low test anxiety). We used a novel, modified Emotional Stroop task by including a performance comparison condition (upward performance comparison &amp; average performance comparison). Highly test-anxious youths with <em>no self-affirmation</em> showed an attentional bias toward test-related threat (i.e., prolonged RT toward threat vs. neutral words) in the upward comparison trials, whereas high test-anxiety youths with <em>enhanced self-affirmation</em> did not exhibit an attentional bias in the upward comparison trials. We provide novel evidence on the effect of enhanced self-affirmation in mitigating attentional bias toward test-related threat in high test-anxiety youths. Enhancing self-affirmation may be a useful tool to ameliorate attentional bias toward threat in high test-anxiety youths, as a potential alternative to the attentional bias modification technique.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104999"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147311216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicidal ideation trajectories among adults following psychiatric hospitalization","authors":"K.G. Saulnier ,&nbsp;M.A. Ilgen ,&nbsp;A. Lapidos ,&nbsp;K.M. Abraham ,&nbsp;D. Ganoczy ,&nbsp;J. Jagusch ,&nbsp;H.M. Kim ,&nbsp;E. Vega ,&nbsp;B.K. Ahmedani ,&nbsp;P.N. Pfeiffer","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although suicidal behaviors following psychiatric hospitalization have been well characterized, there is a paucity of literature on trajectories of suicidal ideation (SI) among civilian adults during this period. This study examined SI trajectories following psychiatric hospitalization among adults enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of a peer support intervention. Participants were individuals hospitalized following a recent suicide attempt and/or with SI (<em>N</em> = 455; mean age = 32.0, <em>SD</em> = 13.7; 60.0% female) who completed assessments at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Growth mixture modeling identified SI trajectories, which were compared across baseline risk factors and used to predict non-fatal suicide attempts throughout the study. Results revealed three trajectories: High Chronic (<em>N</em> = 57; 12.5%), Moderate Steadily Declining (<em>N</em> = 82; 18.0%), and Moderate Rapidly Declining (<em>N</em> = 316; 69.5%). Study arm was not associated with trajectory. The High Chronic and Moderate Steadily Declining trajectories had higher hopelessness, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and loneliness relative to the Moderate Rapidly Declining trajectory, with the High Chronic trajectory also having higher depression relative to the Moderate Rapidly Declining trajectory. The only difference between the High Chronic and Moderate Steadily Declining trajectories was that High Chronic trajectory was more likely to have had prior suicidal behavior. The likelihood of having a non-fatal suicide attempt during follow-up was higher in the High Chronic trajectory than the other trajectories. Findings suggest that distinct SI trajectories are present following psychiatric hospitalization. Risk factors differentiated individuals with declining SI from those with continued SI; however, more work is needed to elucidate predictors of the highest-risk trajectory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104997"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147311242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Past stories, future worries: sleep does not alter the emotional response to future-relevant or irrelevant negative memories","authors":"Faya L. Reinhold ,&nbsp;Renée M. Visser ,&nbsp;Eus J.W. van Someren ,&nbsp;Merel Kindt","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has produced conflicting findings on how sleep affects emotional memories, suggesting it can either strengthen or weaken their emotional intensity. Rather than having a uniform effect, sleep's influence may depend on factors that determine the most adaptive outcome. To explore this, we examined whether the future importance of an emotional experience shapes how sleep alters the emotional intensity of the associated memory. Emotional memories were induced using a novel evaluative learning paradigm featuring a short film clip depicting an acted version of the Trier Social Stress Test. Some of the actors playing the evaluative panel with a critical or neutral demeanour were then introduced as committee members during the participant's own presentation a week later, thereby assigning future relevance or future irrelevance to the formed memories. We recorded changes in emotional responses to memory cues subjectively (valence and arousal ratings) and objectively (skin conductance) after a 12-h period of either daytime wakefulness (N = 32) or containing nighttime sleep (N = 34) and again one week later. Learning was effective, as indicated by more negative feelings and subjective arousal (but not physiological measures) in response to memory cues of the aversive committee members. Regardless of sleep, arousal decreased over 12 h and one week for the future-irrelevant compared to the future-relevant negative memory cue. Valence ratings remained unchanged. These findings suggest that future relevance influences emotional memories independently of sleep. While the benefits of healthy sleep may be subtle, emotional memory processing might be more vulnerable to disruption from poor sleep quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104978"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147311274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion regulation variability and chronic pain: An ecological momentary assessment study","authors":"Andrew H. Rogers ,&nbsp;Michael J. Zvolensky ,&nbsp;Rachel V. Aaron ,&nbsp;Jeffrey M. Lackner ,&nbsp;Tanya Smit ,&nbsp;Jafar Bakhshaie ,&nbsp;James I. Gerhart","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic pain is a significant public health problem associated with increased healthcare utilization and decreased quality of life. Mechanistic research focused on identifying vulnerabilities for the experience and impact of chronic pain is of critical importance to understanding and managing this public health burden. Emotion regulation, a cognitive-affective process involving attempts to influence the type, timing, and intensity of emotions has been linked to pain experience across multiple studies. Yet, conceptualizations have often focused on “adaptive” vs. “maladaptive” regulatory strategies. Variability in the type, number, and frequency of emotion regulation strategies across situations and over time has been associated with positive adjustment, is a critical component of emotion regulation flexibility, and may more comprehensively capture the way emotion regulation operates in the context of chronic pain. Therefore, the current study of 48 (77.1% female; Mage = 29.92 years, SD = 5.20 years) college students with self-reported chronic pain examined the impact of pain intensity, interference, and negative affect on emotion regulation variability. Participants completed 5 surveys a day for 7 days. Mixed-effects location scale models found that higher average levels of pain intensity, interference, and negative affect were associated with a greater number of strategies used to regulate pain experience, but in an invariable manner over time. Similarly, momentary increases in pain were associated with decreased intraindividual variation in emotion regulation strategy use. Overall, the results provide empirical evidence for the importance of emotion regulation variability in understanding both the variability and underlying mechanisms of evidence-based behavioral treatments for pain, informing broader models of flexibility in pain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104977"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146208335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a brief HRV-biofeedback intervention on emotion regulation following a real-life stressful event: A randomized controlled study","authors":"Jente Depoorter ,&nbsp;Kristof Hoorelbeke ,&nbsp;Théodore Guillaumée ,&nbsp;Marion Cortet ,&nbsp;Marc Lilot ,&nbsp;Gilles Rode ,&nbsp;Rudi De Raedt ,&nbsp;Sophie Schlatter","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although studies indicate that Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback (HRV-BFB) interventions seem to increase physiological regulation, their effects on broader aspects of emotion regulation during stress recovery remain inconsistent. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of a brief 6-min HRV-BFB intervention on different aspects of emotion regulation and well-being after exposure to a real-life stressor.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>For this purpose, a randomized, parallel-group (1:1), controlled and monocentric trial was conducted following exposure to a naturalistic stressor in medical students. This trial investigated the impact of a 6-min HRV-BFB intervention (<em>n</em> = 122), compared to a control intervention (<em>n</em> = 118), on psychophysiological markers of emotion regulation (i.e. cardiac coherence score), psychological well-being (integrating stress, emotional valence, and self-confidence dimensions), and state rumination using linear models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The HRV-BFB group showed significant increases in cardiac coherence score across time, confirming the effectiveness of HRV-BFB for enhancing physiological regulation. Compared to the control group, the HRV-BFB group showed slight improvements in psychological well-being. Further analysis revealed that HRV-BFB might buffer against decreases in self-confidence. No significant effect on state rumination was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study extends prior findings by demonstrating the effectiveness of a brief HRV-BFB intervention in improving physiological regulation and well-being in a naturalistic stress context. In contrast to what theoretical frameworks would suggest, no significant effect on state rumination was found. These findings contribute to understanding how HRV-BFB can be applied in real-world settings to enhance emotion regulation and mental health.</div><div>Clinical trial registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (NCT05136586).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interindividual differences in digital phenotypes of major depressive disorder: A passive sensing study using smartphone and wearable sensor data","authors":"Elizabeth W. Lampe ,&nbsp;Amanda C. Collins ,&nbsp;Ahhyun Lee ,&nbsp;Nicholas Enbar-Salo ,&nbsp;Tess Z. Griffin ,&nbsp;Arvind Pillai ,&nbsp;Michael V. Heinz ,&nbsp;Damien Lekkas ,&nbsp;Matthew D. Nemesure ,&nbsp;Daniel M. Mackin ,&nbsp;Subigya Nepal ,&nbsp;Andrew T. Campbell ,&nbsp;Nicholas C. Jacobson","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2026.104986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by high levels of heterogeneity in symptom presentation across individuals. While previous research has identified distinct MDD subtypes using self-reported symptoms, few studies have leveraged objective data from smartphones and wearable devices to phenotype MDD symptoms. Passive sensing data from these devices can capture objective behavioral and physiological patterns, potentially revealing distinct digital phenotypes of MDD. We identified latent profiles based on digital biomarkers of depression collected from smartphones and Garmin smartwatches among 297 individuals with MDD. Digital biomarkers included sleep patterns, physical activity, screen time, social engagement, and heart rate variability. An exploratory aim examined whether identified profiles were associated with MDD severity and social and occupational functioning. A two-profile solution demonstrated best fit with the data: Profile 1 (85.7% of the sample) ‘average in every way,’ and Profile 2 (14.3%) 'deficient sleep, chronically low heart rate variability, and low social engagement.’ While profiles did not significantly differ on MDD symptom severity (<em>est</em> = 0.322, <em>S.E.</em> = 0.767, <em>p</em> = 0.444), Profile 2 had lower social and occupational functioning compared to Profile 1 (<em>est</em> = −5.309, <em>S.E.</em> = 2.321, <em>p</em> = 0.023), though this was no longer statistically significant after correcting for type I error. Sleep dysregulation, low heart rate variability, and low social engagement seem to be important indicators of potential social and occupational impairments. Future research should incorporate additional digital biomarkers to refine the identification of digital phenotypes of MDD and validate these profiles against other clinical severity metrics in larger, more diverse samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104986"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146221943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}