Behaviour Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Broadening the conceptualization of panic disorder to include the fear presentation of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder: The legacy of panic control therapy.","authors":"Hana F Zickgraf, Rachel A Schwartz","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presentation of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) characterized by fear of aversive consequences of eating (fear-ARFID) has both phenomenological and mechanistic similarities to panic disorder. In this narrative review, we propose a shared model of the pathogenesis of the two disorders, centered on interoceptive sensitivity as the key maintenance mechanism. We review the evidence that fear-ARFID, which involves restrictive eating motivated by a desire to avoid aversive events (e.g., choking, vomiting, abdominal pain) related to the gastrointestinal tract, onsets with an unexpected event and develops through catastrophic misinterpretation of the probability or significance of the event reoccurring, heightened awareness of minor interoceptive sensations associated with the feared event (i.e., interoceptive sensitivity), escalating anxiety and increasingly frequent experience of minor interoceptive sensations, and increasingly extensive avoidant behavior. Given the support for shared maintenance mechanisms with panic disorder, we suggest a program of clinical research evaluating the adaptation of elements of Panic Control Therapy (PCT), a well-established empirically supported treatment for panic disorder, to treat fear-ARFID. Developing and testing new intervention strategies based on PCT could expand ARFID patients' access to appropriate care by enabling anxiety-experienced clinicians to use their existing competencies to treat fear-ARFID using a disorder-specific evidence-based treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"185 ","pages":"104677"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerometer-based sedentary time and physical activity with incident and progressive tobacco smoking in 2503 children: A 13-year mediation and temporal longitudinal study.","authors":"Andrew O Agbaje","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-term accelerometer-based studies examining whether engaging in physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of smoking in children are lacking, and whether directly measured adiposity increases smoking risk is uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), UK birth cohort, 2503 children aged 11 years with complete smoking and at least one valid time-point movement behaviour data were followed up until age 24 years. ActiGraph assessed sedentary time (ST), light PA (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) at ages 11, 15, and 24-year clinic visits and smoking-based questionnaires were administered, whilst fat mass was measured with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanner. Data were analysed with generalized linear-mixed effect models with logit-links and structural equation models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean [SD] age at baseline was 11.71 [0.20] years and the prevalence of smoking at ages 13, 15, and 24 years were 1.5%, 13.5%, and 26.6%, respectively. Higher MVPA at age 11 years was significantly associated with lower odds of smoking at age 13 years (odds ratio, 0.991; [95% CI, 0.983-0.999], P = 0.035). Cumulative MVPA during ages 11-24 years was significantly associated with lower odds of progressive smoking during growth from ages 13-24 years (0.992; [95% CI, 0.989-0.996], P < 0.001). Cumulative ST and LPA had no significant associations with smoking. Higher fat mass suppressed (10% suppression) the inverse relationship between MVPA and smoking. In path analysis, higher MVPA at age 15 years temporally preceded reduced smoking at age 24 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present study, engaging in MVPA from age 11 years may prevent 9 in 1000 children from starting smoking at the age of 13 years when smoking prevalence was 15 in 1000 children, i.e potentially preventing 60% of children from initiating smoking. However, the MVPA preventive approach diminished as children grew into young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"185 ","pages":"104674"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The renewal reducing effect of unpaired unconditional stimuli presented during extinction is not specific to the unconditional stimulus used during acquisition.","authors":"Ottmar V Lipp, Camilla C Luck, Luke J Ney, Michelle G Craske, Allison M Waters","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Presenting unpaired unconditional stimuli (US) during extinction training reduces the renewal of conditional fear due to context change. The present study investigated whether this reduced return of fear is specific to the aversive US presented during acquisition or can also be observed after extinction with unpaired presentations of another aversive or of a non-aversive US. Using an ABA renewal paradigm that trained extinction in a context different from that of the acquisition, renewal and re-acquisition test phases, participants received five unpaired presentations of either the aversive US used during acquisition (Group Aversive-Same), an aversive US not presented during acquisition (Group Aversive-Different) or a non-aversive US (Group Non-aversive) during extinction training. Renewal of electrodermal conditional responses was observed in group Non-aversive, but not in groups Aversive-Same or Aversive-Different. Re-acquisition did not differ across the groups. These results are consistent with a valenced arousal account to explain the effects of unpaired presentations of the US during extinction training which would suggest that extinction learning is enhanced under conditions of increased aversive arousal.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"185 ","pages":"104675"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverging paths: Modeling the relation between adverse effects, attitudes, perceived adherence, and treatment effect in an internet-based cognitive-behavioral intervention for obsessive-compulsive disorder.","authors":"Anna Baumeister, Lea Schuurmans, Josephine Schultz, Johanna Schröder, Steffen Moritz, Lena Jelinek","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The efficacy of internet-based interventions (IBI) for various psychiatric disorders is widely established, but little is known about the mechanisms or possible influencing factors. One of the most prominent problems in IBI is low adherence, but the relationship between adherence and level of improvement is still unclear. Patients' attitudes and beliefs about IBI as well as the experience of adverse effects-another widely neglected topic-may also influence the effectiveness of these interventions. This secondary analysis is aimed at investigating the relationship between adverse effects, attitudes, perceived adherence (i.e., patient's impression of their compliance), and treatment effect in an IBI for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 151 individuals with symptoms of OCD, of which 59.96% (n = 90) took part in the post-assessment. Attitudes toward IBI were assessed before they used an IBI for OCD; subjective adherence perception and experience of negative effects were assessed afterward. OCD symptom severity was evaluated at two time points, the difference score defining the treatment effect. A path analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized model. Objective and subjective adherence measures were correlated exploratively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The path analysis revealed that attitude toward IBI and adverse effects were negatively associated with adherence perception but adherence perception was not associated with the treatment effect. Objective and subjective adherence measures did not correlate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results did not support the hypothesized model. Since both attitudes toward IBI and adverse effects were negatively associated with adherence perception, managing users' expectations clearly before using IBI might improve adherence. The role of adherence perception on the treatment effect is yet to be clarified.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"185 ","pages":"104673"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and working mechanisms of a Go/No-Go task-based inhibition training in smoking: A randomized-controlled trial.","authors":"Franziska Motka, Charlotte E Wittekind, Leonie Ascone, Simone Kühn","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Deficits in inhibitory control contribute to smoking behavior. Inhibitory control training (ICT), which involves repeatedly inhibiting responses to general or substance-related stimuli, shows promise in reducing problematic substance use. This preregistered randomized-controlled trial is the first to investigate the efficacy of general and smoking-specific Go/No-Go task-based ICT on smoking behavior compared to control groups receiving no ICT. Three potential working mechanisms were examined: inhibitory enhancement, automatic stimulus-stop associations, and stimulus devaluation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Individuals who smoke (N = 122) were randomly assigned to complete 28 sessions of smoking-specific Go/No-Go, general Go/No-Go, Sham training, or to a Waitlist control condition. Clinical outcomes included daily cigarettes (primary outcome), carbon monoxide levels, tobacco dependence severity, and craving, assessed at post-intervention and 3-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Go/No-Go training resulted in a significantly greater reduction in tobacco dependence (β = -0.88, p = .004) and craving (β = -4.31, p = .012) post-intervention compared to both control groups. The greater reduction in craving remained significant when compared to the Sham training group only (β = -4.64, p = .026). No significant effects of group were observed on daily cigarette consumption (β = -1.97, p = .093) or carbon monoxide levels (β = 2.16, p = .818) post-intervention. At the 3-month follow-up, no significant effects of group emerged (all ps > .794). Smoking-specific Go/No-Go training did not outperform general Go/No-Go training (all ps > .075). No working mechanism for clinical outcome improvements was identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preliminary evidence suggests that (smoking-specific) GNG training reduces tobacco dependence severity and craving post-intervention in individuals who smoke compared to non-ICT-based control conditions. Its efficacy as an add-on in smoking cessation needs to be investigated.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration number: </strong>DRKS00014652.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"185 ","pages":"104672"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing in vivo exposure using occasional reinforced extinction with aversive imagery in spider fearful individuals.","authors":"Dorothee Scheuermann, Christiane A Melzig, Christoph Benke","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although exposure-based therapy is widely recognized as effective for treating various anxiety disorders, a significant proportion of patients fail to benefit or experience a return of fear following successful treatment. One promising strategy involves occasional presentation of fear-evoking stimuli during extinction (occasional reinforced extinction, ORE). This study investigates a novel approach to translate ORE into clinical practice by incorporating occasional vivid imagery of individuals' worst-case fear scenarios during in-vivo exposure. Forty-seven spider-fearful individuals were randomly assigned to receive either a one-session in-vivo standard exposure treatment (Exp-Only) or an one-session in-vivo exposure treatment supplemented with occasional mental imagery of their worst-case spider scenario (Exp + ORE). Fear of spider questionnaires and a generalization behavioral approach test were administered prior to and one week after treatment. Both groups showed improvement from baseline to post-assessment, but the Exp + ORE group demonstrated significantly greater reductions in self-reported fear and avoidance of spiders compared to standard exposure training. During the generalization behavioral approach test, subjective distress and approach behavior toward the spider significantly improved from baseline to post-assessment in all participants, with no discernible group differences. Findings moreover indicate that occasional imagery during exposure lead to greater expectancy violation compared to standard exposure, providing insights into potential underlying mechanisms of the ORE approach. Incorporating mental imagery into the occasional reinforced extinction approach could hold promise for enhancing the efficacy of exposure-based treatments for anxiety disorders in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"104671"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing an extended process model of emotion regulation in PTSD.","authors":"Hope O'Brien, Kim Felmingham, Winnie Lau, Meaghan O'Donnell","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotion regulation is a topic of growing interest in the field of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite the field's concentrated efforts in this area, the research has not matched advancements in the general emotion regulation literature, which have proposed more holistic models to understanding to how individuals identify and respond to emotions. In looking at emotion regulation in PTSD, this paper reviews the current state of the literature using the Extended Process Model proposed by Gross (2015). Considering emotion perception, beliefs, emotion regulation strategies (in terms of choice, flexibility of use, and repertoire of strategies available), and tactics, it discusses how these constructs help us understand the pathogenesis of PTSD and identifies areas in need of further research, including assessing the role of culture and improving measurement of emotion regulation constructs. Clinical implications of the emotion regulation literature for PTSD treatment are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"104668"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Downstream effects of observational threat learning: Generalization and reversal learning across development.","authors":"Oded Cohen, Yael Skversky-Blocq, Madeleine Mueller, Jan Haaker, Tomer Shechner","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Observational threat learning is a complex social learning process through which typical and atypical fears develop. While studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of observational learning for the acquisition and extinction of threat, the intricacies of this learning process and how it varies across development have been less explored. To this end, we examined the extent to which children, adolescents, and adults generalized threat responses following observational threat learning. We also tested the capacity for reversal acquisition of these threat associations, again through observation. Participants (n = 159) from three age groups underwent four consecutive learning phases: observational threat acquisition, direct generalization, observational reversal threat acquisition, and a direct reversal test. Threat responses were measured using psychophysiological and subjective indices. Results indicated that following successful observational threat learning, children, adults, and adolescents experienced threat generalization. Developmental differences emerged for reversal threat acquisition, with adolescents demonstrating poorer learning than children and adults. The study expands current knowledge on how observational threat learning is used in changing circumstances and how it unfolds across development.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"104670"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global precedence effect in fear generalization and the role of trait anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty.","authors":"Biao Feng, Ling Zeng, Zhihao Hu, Xinyue Fan, Xin Ai, Fuwei Huang, Xifu Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fear overgeneralization is widely considered to be a core feature of pathological anxiety, and the excessive spread of fear can be a great burden on patients. Although perceptual processing is a basic process of human cognition, the impact of visual perception recognition on fear generalization has not yet been fully explored. In this study, 69 subjects were recruited to explore the effects of the hierarchical features of stimuli on fear generalization and examine the roles of trait anxiety (TA) and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) in this process. The results reveal that compared with the local features, the subjects showed stronger fear responses to global features of the stimuli, and the weakest fear response was to the reversed features. Furthermore, the results preliminarily suggest that in generalization dominated by global features, TA intensifies the fear response; while in generalization dominated by local features, along with TA, IU makes a unique contribution to increasing the magnitude of fear generalization. These results confirm new potential pathways for fear generalization, specifically the configurational hierarchical features of stimuli. This is explained through object recognition and cognitive bias, implying that cognitive processes and personality traits have interacting effects on fear generalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"104669"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prosody-focused feedback enhances the efficacy of anti-depressive self-statements in depressed individuals - A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Jonathan F Bauer, Lena Schindler-Gmelch, Maurice Gerczuk, Björn Schuller, Matthias Berking","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was aimed to evaluate whether the efficacy of invoking anti-depressive self-statements to cope with depressed mood can be enhanced for depressed individuals by systematically guiding them to amplify the expression of conviction in their voice. Accordingly, we recruited N = 144 participants (48 clinically depressed individuals, 48 sub-clinically depressed individuals, and 48 non-depressed individuals). Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental or control condition. Across study conditions, participants completed a mood induction procedure, then read aloud scripted anti-depressive self-statements designed to reduce depressed mood. Participants in the experimental condition received instructions to heighten the prosodic expression of conviction in their voice; participants in the control condition received no prosodic expression instructions. Results showed that depressed participants achieved a more pronounced decrease of depressed mood in the experimental condition than in the control condition. Further, the results indicated no effects in sub-clinically depressed and non-depressed individuals. Finally, heightened conviction expressed by participants in the experimental condition was associated with lower depressed mood and diminished depressive symptom severity. Overall, our findings suggest that fostering the prosodic expression of conviction in depressed persons' voices, while they vocalize anti-depressive self-statements, represents a promising method for augmenting the efficacy of cognitive interventions for depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"184 ","pages":"104667"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}