Behaviour Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"The combination of physical exercise and slow-paced breathing on psychophysiological indices of emotion reactivity, psychosocial stress reactivity and recovery: A multimodal investigation","authors":"Emmanuelle Schoonjans ,&nbsp;Zefeng Li ,&nbsp;Jens Allaert ,&nbsp;Evi Wezenbeek ,&nbsp;Pieter Van den Berghe ,&nbsp;Simon Helleputte ,&nbsp;Stefanie De Smet ,&nbsp;Rudi De Raedt ,&nbsp;Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress is a major public health problem calling for scalable interventions. Physical activity (PA) and slow-paced breathing (SPB) can reduce stress, both by modulating cardiac parasympathetic activity. Given their shared target but different mechanisms, combining SPB and PA could enhance their stress-reducing effects. This study therefore explores whether SPB (vs control breathing at a faster rate) after PA increases the impact of PA on psychophysiological indices of emotional reactivity and psychosocial stress reactivity and recovery. In a crossover randomized design, 77 healthy volunteers completed twice a baseline, a bout of PA (at a personalized intensity), 3 × 5 min of breathing (SPB at 5,5 or control breathing at 15 breaths per minute), an emotional reactivity task with negative versus neutral images, a psychosocial stress task and a recovery phase. We measured psychophysiological indices of stress (i.e., heart rate, vmHRV, skin conductance, blood pressure, pupil dilation as well as self-reported stress and mood indices, rumination and coping strategy). Compared to control breathing, SPB decreased worry and made the difference between cardiac reactivities to negative and neutral images lower (as measured through interbeat intervals [IBI]). No effects on other psychophysiological indices of stress were found. Our results are the first to emphasize the potential of combining PA and SPB to reduce worrying and attenuated cardiovascular reactivity to emotional valence. However, the lack of effects on other stress indices indicates the need for future research to explore its broader applicability as a stress management technique.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 104852"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results from a randomized controlled trial testing theory-driven enhancements – Growth mindsets and message framing -- to a brief CBT text-message invention for co-occurring PTSD symptoms and alcohol misuse","authors":"Kristen P. Lindgren ,&nbsp;Emily R. Dworkin ,&nbsp;Ty T. Tristao ,&nbsp;Brian H. Calhoun ,&nbsp;Mai L. Pham ,&nbsp;Debra L. Kaysen ,&nbsp;Isaac C. Rhew ,&nbsp;Michele A. Bedard-Gilligan","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes the primary outcomes from a registered randomized clinical trial (RCT; NCT05372042) evaluating a brief, self-directed cognitive behavioral therapy-based (CBT) text message intervention for individuals with PTSD symptoms and co-occurring alcohol misuse (PTSD + AM). The trial aimed to refine the intervention by testing whether evidence-based techniques from cognitive psychology (message framing) and social psychology (growth mindsets) increased intervention efficacy. A combination of messages that highlighted using skills to avoid future losses (vs. for future gains vs. no framing) and that sought to facilitate a mindset that challenges setbacks and encourages growth opportunities (vs. a simple reminder to use skills) was predicted to increase efficacy. The trial had a three (framing: loss vs. gain vs. no framing) x two (mindset: growth vs. simple reminder) factorial design. A series of <em>a priori</em> decision rules was created to identify the most efficacious and simplest condition. A sample of 505 adults from Washington State was recruited (71 % female, 20 % male, 9 % identified as another gender). Trauma exposure, PTSD symptoms, AM, and other mental health concerns were assessed. The 4-week intervention had follow-ups at post-intervention, 1-month, and 3-months, with excellent retention (89+%). Participants’ PTSD symptoms and AM improved across all conditions with large effect sizes. Decision rule implementation indicated the selection of the loss framing and growth mindset condition. This condition will be tested in a subsequent RCT with longer-term follow-up. It is expected to yield an additional, effective brief treatment option for individuals with PTSD + AM—a high risk population facing multiple treatment barriers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 104883"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When emotions persist: Emotional inertia predicts adolescent depression amid COVID-19 stress","authors":"Sihan Liu ,&nbsp;Jianjie Xu ,&nbsp;Wisteria Deng ,&nbsp;Anan Feng ,&nbsp;Jutta Joormann ,&nbsp;Reuma Gadassi-Polack","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emotional inertia—the extent to which emotional states persist over time—has been identified as a risk factor for depression. However, longitudinal evidence from real-world chronic stress remains limited. Leveraging the COVID-19 pandemic as a naturalistic stressor, this study examined: (a) how emotional inertia changed across distinct phases of the pandemic, and (b) how changes in positive versus negative emotional inertia related to depression risk. A total of 140 adolescents (<em>M</em>_age = 11.91, 47.9 % girls) completed ecological momentary assessments across three stress phases: pre-pandemic (one year before pandemic onset), acute pandemic, and chronic pandemic (one year after pandemic onset), yielding 7465 observations. Hypotheses and data analyses were preregistered. Latent change score modeling showed that both positive and negative emotional inertia increased from pre-pandemic to acute pandemic, then decreased from acute to chronic pandemic. However, positive and negative emotional inertia showed distinct associations with depressive symptoms. Increases in positive emotional inertia associated with <em>fewer</em> depressive symptoms at Wave 3, whereas increases in negative emotional inertia associated with <em>more</em> depressive symptoms at Wave 3. These associations remained significant even after controlling for baseline (Wave 1) depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that persistent negative emotions may amplify vulnerability, while stable positive emotions confer resilience in the face of stress. Emotional inertia may thus serve as a key marker of stress reactivity and an early intervention target for youth mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 104885"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extinction, avoidance, and generalization: Fear learning processes and their relations with anxious and depressive traits","authors":"Lu Leng ,&nbsp;Tom Beckers ,&nbsp;Bram Vervliet","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research shows anxious individuals exhibit slower extinction (EXT), more avoidance (AVO), and broader generalization (GEN) in Pavlovian fear conditioning, potentially contributing to maladaptive anxiety (chronic, avoidant, overgeneralized). However, studies typically focused on one of these processes, it remains unclear (1) whether the deficits in each process reflect separate or the same vulnerability factors; (2) whether deficits in any of these processes is more detrimental; (3) whether deficits in these processes cluster into distinct profiles that form an unique detrimental factor. Additionally, despite the high comorbidity rate with anxiety, the role of depression in these processes is surprisingly understudied. The current study tested EXT-AVO-GEN processes in the same individuals measuring both anxiety and depressive traits. To avoid the arbitrary selection of any indices for EXT-AVO-GEN processes, multiple index operationalizations were employed to ensure robust findings. Results showed small to no correlations, both among EXT-AVO-GEN processes and their correlations with personality characteristics. Cluster analysis identified no distinct profiles, and if such profiles were nonetheless forced to emerge, they were not associated with the anxious or depressive traits. According to these findings, EXT-AVO-GEN are likely to be independent processes and their deficits seem to have different underlying drivers. Therefore, studying EXT-AVO-GEN processes in combination may not offer additional comprehension about pathological fear development. Linear mixed-effects models, however, revealed stronger correlations between EXT-AVO-GEN and anxiety/depression, suggesting that they may be more sensitive in detecting individual differences compared to indices, as they capture trial-by-trial dynamics, which indices often fail to fully account for.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104841"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unpaired unconditional stimuli during fear extinction at full and reduced intensity reduce re-acquisition","authors":"Ottmar V. Lipp ,&nbsp;Luke J. Ney ,&nbsp;Camilla C. Luck ,&nbsp;Allison M. Waters ,&nbsp;Michelle G. Craske","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Presenting unpaired unconditional stimuli (US) during extinction has been shown to reduce the contextual renewal of conditional fear and to slow re-acquisition. The present study investigated whether this reduced return of fear is also observed if the intensity of the US presented during extinction is lower than that presented during acquisition. Three groups of participants (N = 121) were trained in a differential fear conditioning procedure that employed habituation, acquisition, extinction, renewal test, and re-acquisition phases. To induce renewal, the context was changed during extinction training in an ABA design. Group Standard received no US presentations during extinction training whereas group Unpaired received five unpaired USs during extinction at the physical intensity used during acquisition. The intensity of the unpaired USs was halved in group Reduced. Electrodermal responses in the three groups did not differ during habituation, acquisition, extinction or the renewal test where no renewal was observed in any group. However, significant differential electrodermal responses were observed on the first block of re-acquisition training after standard extinction, but not after unpaired extinction regardless of US intensity. This suggests that unpaired US presentations can strengthen extinction learning even if presented at a reduced intensity. This finding opens the possibility of translating the unpaired US extinction approach into applied settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104846"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the body in altered facial emotion perception in autism and social anxiety","authors":"Julia Folz ,&nbsp;Kristina Nikić ,&nbsp;Milica Nikolić ,&nbsp;Vivien Janowicz ,&nbsp;Katja Koelkebeck ,&nbsp;Mariska E. Kret","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alterations in the perception of facial emotional expression and their physiological resonance, as well as in accurately sensing bodily states (i.e., interoception) have been reported in both autism and social anxiety. In the current study, we aimed to examine the association between physiological responses, their sensation, and facial emotion perception in individuals on the autism spectrum (N = 40), individuals with social anxiety (N = 27) and neurotypical controls (N = 40). Participants first viewed videos of spontaneous facial expressions (anger, happiness, sadness, fear and neutral) while facial muscle responses (corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major), indicating facial mimicry, and skin conductance, indicating emotional arousal, were recorded. In a separate task, the same expressions were judged regarding their emotion category, the confidence in the accuracy of this judgment, and the intensity of the observed emotional experience. Compared to controls, individuals with social anxiety showed a stronger link between physiological arousal and the perceived intensity of sadness. Individuals on the autism spectrum showed a relatively weaker link between the mimicry of anger and the intensity at which this expression was perceived. Differences in self-reported interoceptive accuracy also played a role in the latter link, suggesting alterations in integrating embodied emotions in autism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104819"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-task interventions reduce vividness and unpleasantness in both old and new memories","authors":"Kevin van Schie","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A core element of EMDR therapy is that a patient recalls a traumatic memory while concurrently making horizontal eye movements. Experimental studies show that performing such tasks simultaneously (i.e., Recall + Dual-Task) reduces the memory's vividness and unpleasantness. Memory age may act as a boundary condition on this effect as older memories have been more consolidated and strengthened over time compared to more recently formed memories, making older memories less susceptible to change. To investigate this, participants (<em>N</em> = 195) in Experiment 1 recalled an old or a new negative autobiographical memory and were randomly assigned to a Recall + Dual-Task intervention or a Recall Only intervention. Before, during, and after the intervention the memory was rated on vividness and unpleasantness. In Experiment 2 (<em>N =</em> 356) a follow-up rating was added one day later to test for delayed effects of memory age on intervention effectiveness. Collectively, the two experiments show that Recall + Dual-Task immediately reduces memory vividness and unpleasantness compared to Recall Only. For unpleasantness this differential effect remained one day later. However, none of the effects were moderated by memory age. Thus, these findings suggest that memory age is not a boundary condition for dual-task effectiveness and that dual-task interventions (as used in EMDR) could be similarly effective for reducing the intensity of emotional memories of different ages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104839"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A culturally adapted internet-delivered mindfulness intervention with counsellor guidance for reducing distress among Indonesian university students: A randomised waitlist-controlled trial","authors":"Ratih Arruum Listiyandini ,&nbsp;Annisa Andriani ,&nbsp;Nyda Afsari ,&nbsp;Elya Marfu'atun ,&nbsp;Nurul Hafizah ,&nbsp;Achmad Sholeh ,&nbsp;Rizky Bina Nirbayaningtyas ,&nbsp;Michelle L. Moulds ,&nbsp;Alison E.J. Mahoney ,&nbsp;Jill M. Newby","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psychological distress is prevalent among university students worldwide, including in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) such as Indonesia. Internet-delivered mindfulness interventions have been found to reduce distress. However, studies that evaluate the effectiveness of internet-delivered mindfulness interventions in LMICs are very limited. This randomised wait-list controlled trial assessed the effectiveness of a culturally adapted internet-based mindfulness intervention with lay counsellor guidance for reducing distress among university students in Indonesia. Indonesian university students experiencing elevated distress (<em>N</em> = 156) were randomly allocated to a 4-lesson internet-based mindfulness program with counsellor guidance (<em>n</em> = 77) or wait-list control (WLC) group (<em>n</em> = 79) during 4 weeks of intervention. Both groups completed self-report measures assessing psychological distress (DASS-21 and K-10), mindfulness (FFMQ), and well-being (IWBS) at baseline (T0), post-treatment (T1-week 5 after randomization), and 1-month follow-up (T2-week 9 after randomization). Intention-to-treat linear mixed models showed that participants on the internet-based mindfulness program guided by lay counsellors showed greater improvements at post-treatment and 1-month follow-up in psychological distress and mindfulness (between-group Hedges’ <em>g</em>s = 0.48–1.18) compared to the WLC group. Moderate between group effect sizes for wellbeing were found at 1-month follow-up (<em>g</em> = 0.47). This study showed that a culturally adapted internet-based mindfulness intervention with counsellor guidance is efficacious in reducing the psychological distress of Indonesian university students. Future research should evaluate the longer-term outcomes and its cost-effectiveness in Indonesia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104827"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144779988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autobiographical memory-based clinical interventions:Where are we now and where might we go?","authors":"Karen Salmon ,&nbsp;Paul E. Jose ,&nbsp;Elaine Reese ,&nbsp;Richard A. Bryant","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We consider the state of research on autobiographical memory disruptions and mental health difficulties in light of the development of memory-based clinical interventions. We identify five issues that lead us to suggest that caution should be exercised before these interventions are disseminated: 1) overreliance on a single measure (Autobiographical Memory Test, AMT); 2) limited attention to inconsistent findings; 3) questions about the ecological validity of the AMT; 4) lack of clarity about the role of memory valence; and 5) premature recommendations of specific treatment approaches. In future research, we encourage researchers to: 1) engage in greater interdisciplinary integration and collaboration; 2) adopt an increased focus on memory narratives; 3) develop a finer-grained understanding of memory retrieval in daily life; and 4) engage in further basic research to establish efficacy and causal relationships. Our aim is to stimulate discussion to broaden the scope of theory and research on the role of autobiographical memory in understanding and treating mental health difficulties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104808"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ten generic competences to improve outcomes of cognitive behaviour therapy: Evidence, postulated processes, and clinical implications","authors":"Tracey D. Wade ,&nbsp;Glenn Waller","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2025.104826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the 18 years since higher-order, generic competences (metacompetences) were first identified to guide the implementation of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) across anxiety and depression, much evidence has accrued supporting these generic competences and identifying others. We describe 10 generic competences that can support therapists to deliver the strongest possible outcomes in CBT across different forms of psychopathology. In each case, the robustness of the evidence-base is reviewed, the theoretical processes that link the generic competence with improved outcome for the patient are considered, and practical suggestions are offered to the therapist. The ten generic competences include: balance firmness and empathy to ensure an effective working alliance; manage therapist discomfort to use effective techniques; push for early behavioural change; focus on (and respond to) session-by-session progress in therapy; require your patient (and service) to invest in an intensive start to therapy; complex presentations should initially be met with routine therapy, changing only where guided by evidence; deliver therapy competently rather than with rigid adherence; encourage the patient to argue for behavioural change; homework completion is critical for therapy to be effective; and positive outcomes require therapists who are well-trained and well-supervised. We provide recommendations for clinical practice and future research, recognising that this list will change and grow as new evidence accumulates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 104826"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}